Presented by:

Jon Brown
Leonard Bagwala

WHAT IS EBOLA
- Ebola hemorrhagic fever:
Named after a river in the Congo
where it was first found
- Often-fatal

disease in humans and

nonhuman primates (monkeys,
gorillas, and chimpanzees)
- Has appeared sporadically since

its initial recognition in 1976

- Mortality rate can reach 90%

-Family: Filoviridae

Family and Order

-Order: Mononegavirales
-5 distinct sub-species
-Cote dIvorie(Ivory Coast)
ebolavirus
-Reston ebolavirus
-Sudan ebolavirus
-Zaire ebloavirus
-Bundibugyo ebolavirus

- Characteristics of Filoviruses:
- Filamentous form with a uniform
diameter of approximately 80 nm but
display great variation in length.
- Nonsegmented negative-stranded
RNA genome containing 7 structural
and regulatory genes.

Where is the Ebola virus found in

nature
Natural reservoir of the Ebola virus remains unknown.
Zoonotic (animal-borne)
Four of the 5 subtypes occur in an animal host native to
Africa 1 occurs in Philippine monkeys .
Origination: Africa...The virus is not known to be native to
other continents, such as North America.

Modes of Infection

Early Symptoms
During the incubation period, (2 to 21
days),
symptoms include:

Arthritic pain
Backache (low-back pain)
Chills
Diarrhea
Fatigue
Fever
Headache
Malaise (general feeling of being unwell)
Nausea
Sore throat
Vomiting

Late Symptoms
Late symptoms include:
Bleeding from eyes, ears, and nose
Bleeding from the mouth and rectum (gastrointestinal
bleeding)
Depression
Eye inflammation (conjunctivitis)
Genital swelling (labia and scrotum)
Increased feeling of pain in skin
Rash over the entire body that often contains blood
(hemorrhagic)
Roof of mouth looks red
Seizures, coma, delirium
As many as 90% of patients die from the disease. Patients usually
die from shock rather than from blood loss.

How it works
Tetherin: A human cellular protein
which inhibits retrovirus infection
by preventing the diffusion of virus
particles after budding from
infected cells

Threadlike Ebola virions bud from

a cell.
The Ebola virus disables a cell's
tetherin protein.

Hope on the Horizon?

Ebola virus glycoprotein, or

"spike protein,"