4A CMS

1 2

mofarahi@pgu.ac.ir

.
4A CMS
.
) (Differebtial Quadrature
.
.
.
4A
CMS
.
:

-1
-2
-3

www.processconf.ir

 -1
) (Pressure Swing Adsorption -

.
. 1960 Skarstrom ] .[1
.

.
[3] Yang [2] Ruthven Mofarahi
] [5 ,4 .
.
4A CMS .
.
CMS Ruthven ] LaCava [6 ] [7 Campo ] [8
4A Farooq ] Chou [9 ] [10 [11] krishna .

. Ruthven 1990
] [12 CMS 5A 4A .
4A CMS
.
.
.
4A CMS
. Jee ] [13 .

.
.
. CMS
4A
].[12

-2
.
1 4A CMS 2 .

) ( .

www.processconf.ir


. 1 .
-1
Value
298
502.416
1130.436
10-9
0.026
1.8
CMS & 4A

Specification
)T0 (K
)Cpw (J.Kg-1.K-1
)Cps (J.Kg-1.K-1
)DL (m2/s
)KL (J.m-1.s-1.K-1
)g (Kg.m-3
Sorbents

Specification
)L (m
)Rin (m
)Rout (m
)hi (J.m-2.K-1.s-1
)ho (J.m-2.K-1.s-1
)Cpg (J.Kg-1.K-1
) (Pa.s

Value
0.76
0.021
0.022
38.518
14.235
1130.436
1.79*10-5

-2 [11] 4A [13] CMS

N2
11.3
-0.028
3.089*10-7
359.7
9*10-5
13398.639

CMS
O2
5.817
-7.512*10-3
7.948*10-9
1381
0.024
13818.910
0.3
0.002
800
900

4A
N2
10.46
0
1.43*10-7
0
1.3*10-3
22902

Specification
O2
15.61
0
4.95*10-8
0
0.128
13230

0.4
0.002
800
1160

)k1 (mo. kg-1

)k2 (mol.kg-1.K-1
)k3(Pa-1
)k4 (-
)kLDF (s-1
)-H (J.mol-1

)Rp (m
)B (Kg.m-3
)P (Kg.m-3

-1

3
.

www.processconf.ir

 -3
9
P/F

0,3
0,4

P/F

0,3
5

7
P/F

0,3
5

0,4

0,4

5
P/F

0,3
5

0,4

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,4

10

10

0,4

0,4

10

0,4

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,4
0,6

14

0,4

14

0,6

0,4
0,6

14

0,4

10

14

0,6

-3
]:[14
.1 .
.2 .
.3 .
.4 )( .

:
y M
1 P 1 T y M
1 2 yM
u

y
u
y

M
M
Pem z 2
z
P
z
T
z

)(1
RT0 T 1 * q M
1 P 1 T
P
y M

q M
P0 P

P T
:
f yM

)(2

T
1 2T T

u

2

z
Pem z

1 P
1 2 P u u P 1 2 T

P Pem P z 2 z P z T PemT z
RT T 1 Nc * q j
2 P T
0

P 0
q j
PemT P z z
P0 P j 1
fu

www.processconf.ir

 B Cp s T
u
T
1 2T

fT
T
u

t
z
z
Peh z 2
g Cp g

Nc
* q j
B
q j
H j 2h i L T Tw 0

T0 g Cp g j 1
RinU 0 g Cp g

)(3

.
:

2Rin hi L
Tw
T Tw 2Rout ho L Tw Tatm 0

wCpw AU 0
T0
wCp w AU 0

)(4

f Tw

:
2
L
dP
1
150 1
aU 0u b gU 0u | u | 0 , a
, b 1.75
2
2
2 R p
4 Rp
dz
P0

)(5

fP

) (LDF :

L
k
M M

)(6

f qM M
q
, qM k1 k2TT0 , k3 exp( 4 ) P P0
M , M k LDF
Nc
U0
T T0

j yj
1

j 1

M .

0

z 1

y M
z

)(7

z 1

f yM

z 1

T
z

z 0

1 0

z 0

yM

M z 0

z 0

Pem .u

z 0

z 1

z 0

0 fP
,

fT

z 0

z 1

u
z

z 0

z 1

y M
z

1 0 fu
,

z 0

Peh .u
z 0

z 0

z 0

T
z

f yM

z 0

z 0

fu
fT

z= 0 z= 1 . :

0 f qM
qM 0 0 f T 0 T 0 1 0 f Tw
Tw 0 1 0
(8).
0
0
,
,
,

][2 .
0

yM

f yM

-4
] [16 ,15
.
.

www.processconf.ir


CMS 4A . 2 3 ) 14
( ) (0,3 ) 100(
. -
4A CMS
.

.
.
4 5 8 20
3 .
.
.

0.62

0.98

CMS
4A

0.96

0.60

0.94

Purity

0.92

0.54
0.52
0.50
0.48

0.90

CMS
4A
10

0.46
0.44

0.88
0.86

Recovery

0.58
0.56

0.42
10

)Pressure (bar

)Pressure (bar
-2

-3

) 14 100 P/F

) 14 100 P/F
(0,3

(0,3

4A CMS
.

www.processconf.ir

0.35

1.000

0.30

0.995

CMS
4A

Purity

0.985

0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05

CMS
4A

0.980

0.975
0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65

Recovery

0.990

0.25

0.00

0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65

P/F

P/F

6 7 . 8
100 0,3 .
.

.
4A CMS
.
0.6

1.00

CMS
4A

CMS
4A

0.98

Purity

0.94

0.4
0.3

0.92

0.2

0.90
16

14

12

10

)Feed flow rate (lit/min

Recovery

0.96

0.5

0.1
16

14

12

10

)Feed flow rate (lit/min

-6

-7

) 8 100 P/F (0,3

) 8 100 P/F (0,3

8 .
.
. CMS
.

www.processconf.ir

0.30

CMS
4A

0.25

0.15
0.10

Recovery

0.20

0.05

1.000

0.995

0.985

0.990

0.00
0.975

0.980

Purity
-8
) 8 100 3
P/F (

-5
CMS
4A ] .[13
4A CMS
. .

.
4A CMS
CMS 4A .

.

LDF

atm
g

Cp

)(

H
k
L
P
Peh
Pem

www.processconf.ir

T0

U0

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

16.

Skarstrom, C.W., Method and apparatus for fractionating gaseous mixtures by adsorption, 1960, EXXON
RESEARCH ENGINEERING CO: United States.
Ruthven, D.M., S. Farooq, and K.S. Knaebel, Pressure Swing Adsorption1994.
Yang, R.T., Gas Separation by Adsorption Processes1987.
Mofarahi, M., M. Sadrameli, and J. Towfighi, Four-Bed Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption Process for
Propylene/Propane Separation. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2005. 44(5): p. 1557-1564.
Mofarahi, M., J. Towfighi, and L. Fathi, Oxygen Separation from Air by Four-Bed Pressure Swing Adsorption.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2009. 48(11): p. 5439-5444.
Ruthven, D.M., Diffusion of oxygen and nitrogen in carbon molecular sieve. Chemical Engineering Science, 1992.
47(1718): p. 4305-4308.
LaCava, A.I. and L. N.O, Single bed pressure swing adsorption process to generate high purity nitrogen. Gas
Separation & Purification, 1996. 10(2): p. 113-115.
Campo, M.C., F.D. Magalhes, and A. Mendes, Comparative study between a CMS membrane and a CMS
adsorbent: Part IMorphology, adsorption equilibrium and kinetics. Journal of Membrane Science, 2010. 346(1):
p. 15-25.
Farooq, S. and D.M. Ruthven, A comparison of linear driving force and pore diffusion models for a pressure swing
adsorption bulk separation process. Chemical Engineering Science, 1990. 45(1): p. 107-115.
Chou, C.-t., C.-L. Wu, and A.S.T. Chiang, A complementary pressure swing adsorption process configuration for
air separation. Separations Technology, 1994. 4(2): p. 93-103.
Krishna, R. and R. Baur, Modelling issues in zeolite based separation processes. Separation and Purification
Technology, 2003. 33(3): p. 213-254.
Ruthven, D.M. and S. Farooq, Air separation by pressure swing adsorption. Gas Separation & Purification,
1990. 4(3): p. 141-148.
Jee, J.-G., M.-B. Kim, and C.-H. Lee, Pressure swing adsorption processes to purify oxygen using a carbon
molecular sieve. Chemical Engineering Science, 2005. 60(3): p. 869-882.
Delgado, J., et al., Fixed-bed adsorption of carbon dioxide/methane mixtures on silicalite pellets. Adsorption, 2006.
12(1): p. 5-18.
Karami, G. and P. Malekzadeh, A New Differential Quadrature Methodology for Beam Analysis and the Associated
Differential Quadrature Element Method. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2002. 191: p.
35093526.
Rahideh, H., P. Malekzadeh, and M.R. Golbahar Haghighi, Heat conduction analysis of multi-layered FGMs
considering the finite heat wave speed. Energy Conversion and Management, 2012. 55(0): p. 14-19.

www.processconf.ir

A Comparison of Zeolite 4A and CMS Sorbent in Process

Performance of Nitrogen Production Using Pressure Swing
Adsorption
Masoud Mofarahi, Mohammad Amin Makarem, Benyamin Jafarian
Gas and Petrochemical Engineering, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, IRAN

Abstract
Pressure swing adsorption is a well-known process used for purifying nitrogen from air. In
this study the behaviors of two sorbents used in air purification by using pressure swing
adsorption, i.e. Zeolite 4A and Carbon Molecular Sieve (CMS), are compared using process
simulation. For this purpose, mass balance equations in solid and gas phase, energy balance
equations on bed and its wall, and pressure drop balance through the bed are solved with
Differential Quadrature method combined with finite difference. The effects of different
parameters like feed flow rate, purge to feed ratio and adsorption step pressure are studied on
the both sorbents behavior. The results show that by increasing the pressure and purge ratio,
and decreasing the feed flow rate, the purity is increased while the recovery is decreased. On
the other hand, although the purity is higher for Zeolite 4A on some conditions, the CMS
sorbent show higher recovery by increasing the purity, and the difference between the
recovery enhancement is more obvious than the purity reduction.

www.processconf.ir