Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Abuilding can be said to be green or sustainable when conscious steps are takenduring its
construction and operation to keep natural resource depletion minimal. The aim of the green
building design is to minimize demand on non-renewable resources; maximize utilization
efficiency; and maximize reuse, recycling, and use of renewable resources. A green building
is evolved through a design process that requires all the concerned professionals the
architect; the landscape designer; and the air conditioning, electrical, plumbing, and energy
consultants to work as a team that carefully considers all aspects of the building and
associated systems.
Sustainable building construction practices, popularly known as green building practices are
widely gaining acceptance due to the tangible and intangible benefits to the environment and
industry. The rating systems act as evaluation tools and bench marking systems to assess
the greenness of the projects claimed to have undertaken following sustainable practices.
The qualitative comparison of such systems by analyzing the various features is attempted in
the study.
This report contains three major projects as research on green building rating systemGRIHA, case study of green buildings in Nepal- Hama Iron and Steel Building, Kamaladi and
lastly case study, analysis and conversion of grey building into green buildings.
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank our teacher Sr. Ar. Sushil Bajracharya for giving us the opportunity to
conduct research on this topic and providing invaluable guidance, encouragement, friendly
attitude and support. We thank him for helping to shape our research skills.
In this project, we got the chance to study about Green Building and its design. The
comparative study gave us wider concept about green featured buildings and their design
criteria. This research project also helped us a lot to widen our horizon of knowledge which
would help us implement our design as we move ahead in our project.
Lastly, we are very grateful to the department of architecture, other teachers and also the
office and staffs of our selected case studies for their help and invaluable assistance.
We are also very grateful to Ar. Bhibuti Man Singh, Ar. SaritaMaharjan, Ar. Pushpa Shrestha,
Technical Interface and Er. NarendraYadav, CEA, who have provided us with much
information and support so far in the case study.
Thank you.
ii
Table of contents
Abstract .................................................................................................................................. i
Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................ ii
List of Figures ....................................................................................................................... vi
List of Tables ........................................................................................................................ ix
1.
2.
Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1
1.2.
1.3.
1.4.
1.4.1.
1.4.2.
1.4.3.
Introduction .............................................................................................................. 4
2.2.
Genesis ................................................................................................................... 5
2.3.
2.4.
2.5.
2.6.
2.7.
Benefits.................................................................................................................. 10
2.8.
2.8.1. Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering Building (CESE) At IIT,
Kanpur 11
2.8.2.
2.9.
3.
4.
LEED: Practical Example Applied In Nepal - Hama Iron & Steel Building, Kamaladi
34
3.2.
4.1.1.
4.1.2.
4.1.3.
4.1.7.
4.1.8.
4.2.
WATER EFFICIENCY............................................................................................ 46
4.3.
4.3.1.
4.3.2.
4.4.
4.4.1.
4.5.
4.6.
4.6.1.
5.
HYDROPONICS: ............................................................................................ 56
4.7.
4.8.
4.9.
5.1.1.
5.1.2.
5.1.3.
5.1.4.
5.1.5.
1.1.1.
1.1.2.
1.1.3.
1.1.4.
Innovations - 4% ............................................................................................. 72
1.1.5.
6.
Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 74
7.
Bibliography .................................................................................................................. 75
List of Figures
Figure 1: Solar Chimney ...........................................................................................................................2
Figure 2: Wind Catcher .............................................................................................................................2
Figure 3: Trombe Wall ..............................................................................................................................3
Figure 4: Green Building Features ...........................................................................................................4
Figure 5: Genesis of GRIHA .....................................................................................................................5
Figure 6: Pollution around site, unmanaged sanitation, Lack of safety measures ...................................6
Figure 7: Condition of Site after GRIHA ...................................................................................................6
Figure 8: Control of Pollution around site, using barriers, resource and waste management .................7
Figure 9: Project scoring ...........................................................................................................................8
Figure 10: IIT Kanpur ............................................................................................................................. 11
Figure 11: Floor Plan ............................................................................................................................. 12
Figure 12: Section ................................................................................................................................. 12
Figure 13: Top soils was excavated, stored and preserved .................................................................. 13
Figure 14: Tree preservation ................................................................................................................. 13
Figure 15: Sustainable Site Planning .................................................................................................... 14
Figure 16: Low flow plumbing fixtures
Figure 30:Controlled Solar Access Shading with Mass articulationfor maximum solar energy
generation .............................................................................................................................................. 23
Figure 31: Envelope Detailing with Section and 3d View ...................................................................... 24
Figure 32: High Performance Glazing- Envelope .................................................................................. 24
Figure 33: Sustainability at the Site ....................................................................................................... 25
Figure 34: Water Efficiency ................................................................................................................... 26
Figure 35: Efficient water use during construction- Use of Ready Mix Concrete, Efficient Curing
System, and Chemical Curing ............................................................................................................... 27
Figure 36: Renewable Energy ............................................................................................................... 28
Figure 37: Renewable Energy ............................................................................................................... 28
Figure 38: Use low-energy material in the interiors- Recycled Content, Local / Regional Materials,
Rapidly Renewable Materials, Low-Emitting Materials ......................................................................... 29
Figure 39: Indoor Environmental Quality ............................................................................................... 30
Figure 40: Innovation in Design ............................................................................................................. 31
Figure 41: Section showing Green Features in Hama Iron and Steel Building, Kamaladi .................... 35
Figure 42 Ramp ..................................................................................................................................... 37
Figure 43 Fire staircase ......................................................................................................................... 37
Figure 44 Metal ramp constructions for disable people ........................................................................ 37
Figure 45 Metal staircase constructions at the entrance of building ..................................................... 37
Figure 46 Space left for surface parking ............................................................................................... 37
Figure 47 Car hoist ................................................................................................................................ 38
Figure 48 Generator house ................................................................................................................... 38
Figure 49 Sewerage Treatment Plant ................................................................................................... 38
Figure 50 Void for car hoist ................................................................................................................... 39
Figure 51 Metal staircases from basement to ground floor ................................................................... 39
Figure 52 DTW access port above ........................................................................................................ 39
Figure 53: Renewable Energy Use (Left-Proposed), Slope roof for housing solar panels (Construction
on site) ................................................................................................................................................... 47
Figure 54: Scheme of a common grid-connected roof integrated PV installation. ................................ 48
Figure 55: Grid tied battery-less system ................................................................................................ 48
Figure 56: Grid tied battery-less system ................................................................................................ 49
Figure 57: Construction Waste- Aggregate ........................................................................................... 50
vii
viii
List of Tables
Table 1: Criteria of Rating System ........................................................................................................ 10
Table 2: General Information ................................................................................................................. 11
Table 3: Space Distribution ................................................................................................................... 19
Table 4: Comparative Chart .................................................................................................................. 32
Table 5: Comparative Pie-Chart ............................................................................................................ 33
Table 6: Comparative chart of electrical calculations of different LEED projects .................................. 46
Table 5-1: Weightage of Criterias .......................................................................................................... 59
Table 2: Comparative chart ................................................................................................................... 68
ix
1.
Green Building
1.1.
Introduction
A practice of creating structures and using processes that are environmentally
responsible and resource efficient.
Provide comfortable living and working conditions to its occupants while minimizing
its detrimental impact on the environment.
1.2.
Green Building is designed to save energy and resources, recycle materials and
minimize the emission of toxic substances throughout its life cycle.
Green Building harmonizes with the local climate, traditions, culture and the
surrounding environment.
Green Building are able to sustain and improve the quality of human life whilst
maintaining the capacity of the ecosystem at local and global levels
1.3.
1.4.
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2.
2.1.
Introduction
GRIHA(Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) conceived by TERI (The Energy
and Resources Institute) and developed jointly by Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
(MNRE), Government of India. It is a Green Building Design Evaluation System. It is based
on nationally accepted energy and environmentalprinciples, and seeks to strike a balance
between established practices and emerging concepts, both national and international.
GRIHA attempts to minimize a buildings resource consumption, waste generation, and
overall ecological/ environmental impact by comparing them to certain nationally acceptable
limits / benchmarks. Some silent features of GRIHA are:
GRIHA has been developed for the different agro-climatic Zones of India.
Evaluators are experts from different fields connected to the buildings and are from
specific region where the building is situated.
Integrates all relevant Indian Codes and Standards to act as tools for implementation.
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2.2.
Genesis
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2.3.
2.4.
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Figure 8: Control of Pollution around site, using barriers, resource and waste management
2.5.
Reduced system sizes (HVAC, transformers, cabling, etc.) for optimal performance at
local conditions.
Reduced destruction of natural areas, habitats, and biodiversity, and reduced soil
loss from erosion etc.
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2.6.
GRIHA assesses a building out of 34 criteria and awards points on a scale of 100. In order to
qualify for GRIHA certification, a project must achieve at least 50 points. Certain criteria /
sub-criteria are mandatory and have to be complied for the project to be at all eligible for
rating. Following are four main categories:
a) Selection and site planning
b) Conservation and efficient utilization of resources
c) Building operation and maintenance
d) Innovation
Project scoring
1. 50-60 points is certified as a 1 star GRIHA rated building,
2. 61-70 is a 2 star GRIHA rated building,
3. 71-80 is a 3 star GRIHA rating building,
4. 81-90 is a 4 star GRIHA rated building and
5. 91-100 is a 5 star GRIHA rated building
Figure 9: Project
scoring
.
NO
CRITERIA
POINTS
1.
Site selection
Partly Mandatory
2.
Partly Mandatory
3.
4.
Mandatory
5.
Partly Mandatory
6.
7.
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optimize
on-site 3
8.
Provide
,at
least,
minimum
level
of
sanitation/safety facilities for construction workers
Mandatory
9.
Mandatory
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
12
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
Mandatory
28.
Mandatory
29.
30.
31.
Universal Accessibility
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Mandatory
Partly Mandatory
32.
Mandatory
33.
Mandatory
Total score
100
Total points
104
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2.7.
Benefits
Green Buildings are beneficial to the building owners, users and the community as a whole.
The operational cost is reduced because renewable energy is used without compromising
the households level of comfort. Water demands are met through rain water harvesting
process. Heating, Ventilation and Air condition systems are reduced in size to provide
optimal performance at local conditions. As a result, the capital cost also is reduced.
Keeping in mind of biodiversity and ecological balance, GRIHA supports minimization of
deforestation and land erosion on site. Pollution and waste are controlled through recycling
and reuse of energy mechanisms. The above mentioned processes ensure health benefits
with reduced water and air pollution. Moreover, green building owners get the image of being
conscious and sensitive to environmental degradation. By getting their buildings rated under
GRIHA, they are contributing in maintaining biodiversity and protecting the earth from further
damage.
In effort to promote green designs, MNRE provides incentives to developers and users with
a minimum project size of 2500 square meters. It reimburses of up to 90% of the registration
fee for buildings under 5000 square metres area with minimum three star rating and for
those getting four star rating over 5000 square metres area. For architects and design team
complying with GRIHA benchmarks, they receive Rs 2, 50,000 for projects between 2500 to
5000 square metres area; and Rs 5 lakhs for projects over 5000 square metres area. MNRE
also provides a subsidy on solar photo voltaic (solar energy used for generating electricity)
and solar thermal (hot water systems).
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2.8.
Case Study
Introduction
Project:
Location
IIT Kanpur
Climate
Composite
Built-up Area
4240 m2
Air-conditioned area
1912 m2
GRIHA RATING
***** (5 stars)
Operational schedule
IIT
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Figure 10:
Kanpur
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2.8.1.2.
The width of the floor plate is reduced for the same amount of floor plate area
thereby allowing natural light to penetrate deep into the interior spaces.
2.8.1.3.
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around the building, total paving around the building was restricted to 17%, and more than
50% of the paving is either pervious or shaded by trees. Irrigation water demand has been
reduced by more than 50% in comparison to GRIHA benchmark. Adequate health and safety
measures related to construction were taken.
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2.8.1.4.
Water Conservation
There are two ways of conserving water during post construction and after the building is
occupied. One is landscape water demand and second is building water demand. In this
building, reduction in landscape water demand by more than 50% was achieved by use of
minimum grass/lawn area, maximum green area under native vegetation and native trees.
Low flow plumbing fixtures are used in the building resulting in reduced water consumption
from GRIHAs benchmark in this building by 62%.Waste water is treated and reused for
irrigation. Rain water harvesting has been designed.
2.8.1.5.
Maximum points weight age in GRIHA is given for energy conservation. The criteria and
commitment for energy conservation could be divided into three parts.
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2.8.1.6.
The objective and the aim is to reduce annual energy consumption of the building. This has
been achieved in CESE building at IIT, Kanpur through following ways.
Architectural design optimized as per the climate of Kanpur, sun path analysis,
predominant wind direction, and existing vegetation.
Roof shaded by bamboo trellis and green cover to reduce external solar heat gains
from the roof.
Common circulation areas are natural day lit and naturally ventilated through
integration of skylights and ventilators.
Water cooled chiller selected that complies with the efficiency recommended by the
Energy Conservation Building code.
Low energy strategies such as replacement of water cooler by water body to cool the
condenser water loop, integration of thermal energy storage and earth air tunnels
enabled reduction in chiller capacity.
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2.8.1.7.
GRIHA encourages replacement of high energy intensive materials with low energy intensive
materials, to utilize regionally available materials, materials which use low energy in their
manufacturing process. Following are the measures incorporated at CESE building, IIT,
Kanpur:
Portland Pozzolona Cement (PPC) with fly-ash content is used in plaster and
masonry mortar.
Wood for doors is procured from commercially managed forests. Modular furniture
made from particle board is used for interiors.
2.8.1.8.
Following are the measures incorporated at CESE building, IIT, Kanpur to integrate
renewable sources of energy with the building:
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2.8.1.9.
Special Features
The building is fully compliant with the ECBC (Energy Conservation Building Code).
Sustainable site planning has been integrated to maintain favorable micro climate.
The architectural design has been optimized as per climate and sun path analysis.
Energy efficient air conditioning design with controls integrated to reduce annual
energy consumption.
Passive strategies such as an earth air tunnel incorporated in the HVAC design to
reduce the cooling load.
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Introduction
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2.8.2.2.
The Site
The site for Suzlon campus is located behind Kumat IT Park, Pune, Maharastra, India.
Thislocation is surrounded by large townships and IT parks, the site rests amidst a fast
growing suburban context.
Land
Office space
598,256 sqft
Terminus (basement)
223,270 sqft
185,578 sqft
Capacity
2300
2.8.2.3.
About Design
Global standing for adoption of best practices across the world and
integration of best practices
Village being for integration taking into account the local aspect of
architecture, culture and climate
Building envelope been designed taking into account the climate of Pune,
Maharashtra and India
Buildings are low rise, direction oriented, have double glazed glass to provide
sufficient light into building but not heat
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2.8.2.4.
Inspiring place to work- its a place which inspires and motivate providing healthy and
productive environment for occupants in terms of indoor air quality and daylight
usage.
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2.8.2.5.
Passive design strategies for visual and thermal comfort with minimum interventions
of technologies
Orientation of the blocks face N, S, N-W, S-E for adequate day lighting and glare
control
Equipped with LED lights governed by motion sensors i.e. turn on only when people
are seated on their seats reduces lighting load to 0.8 W/sq.ft.
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Figure 30:Controlled Solar Access Shading with Mass articulationfor maximum solar energy
generation
Adopt standards for energy and water management which is reflected in their
projected energy and water savings
Reduce water consumption by use of low flow fixtures (65% less water than
conventional buildings for sanitary purposes)
Minimize environmental impact with contemporary feel to the buildings and spaces,
thereby proving the point that green buildings can be as aesthetically pleasing as any
conventional building and yet are able to have minimal negative impact on
environment.
The indoor unit's cooling operation can be controlled to maintain desired temperature
in any location in the premises according to end user's needs and preferences.
Optimize the energy performance of the building within specified comfort limits
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Envelope Performance
Minimal Heat Gain (40% better than ASHRAE 90.1 2007 and ECBC envelope standards)
100% shaded Glazing during summer (April-October)
Natural Ventilation Potential in transition spaces
Day lighting (>90% Day lit spaces)
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2.8.2.6.
1)
The Suzlon project has a Transportation Policy inplace to cater to about 20% of the building
occupants and employees can avail the company bus services in addition to the 200
executives participate in the carpooling program and 30 preferred parking spaces have been
reserved for carpools.
Alternative Transportation has been encouraged in this project by providing 96 e-charging
points to promote the use of low emitting and alternative fuel stations like electric cars and
bikes. Various Water Treatment Techniques have been used in Suzlon One Earth project to
ensure general water quality. The Rain water harvesting system helps to capture and treat
and reuse the rain water on site.This reduces the need for potable water.
The project has mitigated the heat island effect by providing 90.99% roof with SRI compliant
materials. The steep slope roof is provided with high reflectance Indiana copper
coatedKalzip Aluminum Profile sheet whereas the flat roof uses white ceramic tiles; a
concept quite often seen in traditional architecture. The Solar Reflectance Index of these
materials is more than 78, combining envelope performance with cost effectiveness.
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2)
Water Efficiency
The Suzlon project is an excellent example of a buildingthat is water efficient. The water use
is reduced; generatedsewage is treated and reused on site.To maximize the water efficiency
within the buildingsto reduce the burden on municipal water supply andwaste water systems,
following water saving fixturesare installed at site:
Low flow faucets (pressure compensated 1.6 GPMeconomic aerators)
Touchless urinals with hytronic sensor (0.22l/sec;default flush time of 4 secs.)
Geberit concealed Dual Flush - half/full (0.8/1.6 GPF)
The on site waste water treatment is being done througha Sewage Treatment plant located
at basement to treatthe wastewater to tertiary standards. This treated wateris used for
Irrigation completely by eliminating the potablewater demand by 100%. The treated water is
also used forAC make up for the water cooled chillers.
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Figure 35: Efficient water use during construction- Use of Ready Mix Concrete, Efficient Curing
System, and Chemical Curing
3)
Energy Efficiency
Optimize the energy performance of the building within specified comfort limits
100% renewable energy campus: 155KW on site wind solar hybrid system
100% external and common area lighting, indoor AC units and communication
serveron renewable energy resources
Efficient envelope design with high performance glazing, over deck insulation,
reduced interior light density, day light density, day light optimization
The Artificial Lights -dimmed up & dimmed down from 0% to 100% depending on the
adequacy of available daylight to meet the 350lux requirement.
The Task Lights have an Intelligent Built-in Occupancy sensor in conjunction with a
Continuous dimmer.
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90 % of the Luminaries in the Office space are with dimmable ballasts & are either
connected to Occulux sensors, daylight sensors.
The installed lighting of office spaces has been designed at 0.8 W/sq. ft.,
0.75W/Sq.ft. for cores, 0.23W/ sq. ft. for basement parking. Overall L.P.D. by whole
building area method is 0.8 W/ sq. ft.
4)
Materials
To reduce impacts resulting from extraction and processing of new virgin materials, products
with high recycle content are used, which measure to about 13.26% of the total value of the
materials in the project. The use of PPC cement for non-structural areas with fly ash, use of
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Rerolled reinforcement steel, Fly Ash Bricks, High recycled content carpets and modular
ceilings are also a part of the Green design features.
Figure 38: Use low-energy material in the interiors- Recycled Content, Local / Regional
Materials, Rapidly Renewable Materials, Low-Emitting Materials
5)
The Suzlon One Earthteam has taken measures to ensure a very high level of indoor
environment in this project. Some of the Green features pertaining to IEQ are listed below
CO2 Sensors have been provided in densely occupied spaces and workstation areas
to monitor and control CO2 levels inside the building.
Low emitting materials - To reduce the quantity of indoor air contaminants Low
Emitting Adhesives, Sealants, Paints and Carpets and composite wood products
have been used.
3M Mats are being used at the entrances to prevent dust entering into the building.
Separate exhausts for the photocopier rooms, separate plumbing at selected service
rooms.
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Task lights are provided for individual control for all the workstations and occupancy
sensors are provided for all the areas such as cabins, meeting rooms and
workstation areas.
For Thermal Control openable panels are provided in the glazing for more than 50%
of building occupants.
Also there are remote controls for each Indoor VRV unit for thermal control.
Multi occupant spaces provided with multi-functional light module, DSI Smart Sensor
occulux, CEFL PIR Occus switches.
6)
Innovation in design
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Construction On Renewable Energy- The project offsets more than 50% annual
energy consumption used during construction with renewable energy. This is the
most unique approach taken by any project to ensure dedicated concern towards
environment.
Zero Waste Policy- In addition a Zero Waste Policy has been formulated that is
slated to become a very ambitious, committed and synchronous part of Suzlons
already established list of Green Corporate Social Measures. The Zero Waste Policy
will guide people to redesign their resource use system with the aim of reducing
waste to zero. It will also help to make people understand that resources such as
paper, cardboard, food, etc. should be used responsibly in order to achieve a green
office environment. The policy will project the fundamental understanding that waste
management starts at an individual level and that the person generating waste
should be aware of its importance.
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2.9.
GRIHA
It is led by the Indian Green Building Council It is conceived by TERI and developed jointly
(IGBC)
with the Ministry of New and Renewable
Energy, Government of India.
It is meant for rating new and existing Buildings include offices, retail spaces,
Commercial, institutional and high-rise
institutional buildings, hotels, hospital
buildings,
healthcare
facilities,
Residential buildings.
residences,and
multi-family
high-rise
buildings.
Its initial cost is higher than GRIHA.
fewer
points
for
1. Site Planning
2. Health and well being during construction
3. Conservation and efficient utilization of
resources
4. Recycle, reuse, and recharge of water
5. Health and well-being
6. Operation and maintenance
7. Innovation points
1. Sustainable sites
2. Water Efficiency
3. Energy and Atmosphere
4. Materials and Resources
5. Indoor Environmental Quality
6. Innovation& Design process
Certification is provided as per the scores
obtained as follows
Score rating
26 - 32 certified
33 38 silver
38 51 gold
51 69 platinum
Score Rating
50-60 one star
61-70 two star
71-80 three star
81-90 four star
91-100 five star
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3.
3.1.
3.2.
Photovoltaic System
Wind Turbine
Waterless Urinal
Green roof
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Figure 41: Section showing Green Features in Hama Iron and Steel Building, Kamaladi
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4.
INTRODUCTION
Location
Building Type
No. of stories
Site Area
Footprint Area
Total Built-up Area
LEED Attempt
Kamaladi, KTM
Mix Use
B+12
633 sq. m.
353 sq. m.
6405 s. m.
Platinum Certification
Commercial zone
Publicly accessible
Good transportation for both vehicular and pedestrian
DESIGN CONCEPT
The building is designed for commercial purpose since it is commercial zone, likely
apartment is designed since it is easily accessible and the view of Kathmandu can be seen.
On the other hand the pent house is built for personal use by owner.. the building consist of
the terrace garden, then hydroponics plants plantation in elevation (Hydroponics is a
subset of hydro culture and is a method of growing plants using mineral nutrient solutions, in
water, without soil.) likely sewerage treatment plan STP(Sewagetreatment is the process of
removing contaminants from wastewater and household sewage, both runoff (effluents),
domestic, commercial and institutional.)
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Figure 43 Fire
staircase
Figure 42 Ramp
37
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LEED Credits
Six Categories:
LEED Certified (40-49), Silver (50-59), Gold (60-79), and Platinum (80 above)
4.1.
Sustainable Sites
Point
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Service Type
1
2
3
4
Community Connectivity Tabulation
Service Identification Business Name
(Corresponds to
Uploaded Vicinity Plan)
1
2
Service Type
5
6
7
8
9
3
4
10
5
Site Surrounding
6
7
8
9
10
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Basement parking
265.84 cft/storm
Percent reduction
171.08 cft/storm
35.65 %
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4.2.
WATER EFFICIENCY
4.3.
LEED Criteria
Intent:
To achieve increasing levels of energy performance beyond the prerequisite standard to
reduce environmental and economic impacts associated with excessive energy use.
Green Design (Hama Iron and Steel Building) vs. Conventional Design
El.Demand(Calculat
Time
ed)
El.
Energy
Energy
Consumption/Year
Energy
Consumption/Yr/
Sft.
Area
Convention
Green
Convention
al
Sq . Ft.
Green
al
KW
KW
Hours
KW h
KW h
Efficien
Convention
Gree
cy
al
KW
h/Yr/
Sq.ft.
KW
h/Yr/
Sqft
61,235.0
17.10
436.41
295.15
2,400.0
1,047,384.
708,360.
00
00
32.37
11.5
7
4.3.1.2.
Intent
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Solar Energy: Solar Thermal Energy (Water Heating System and Space
Heating System, Solar Photovoltaic System)
Figure
53: Renewable Energy Use (Left-Proposed), Slope roof for housing solar panels (Construction
on site)
Electricity Use
HVAC
Lighting/ Power
Regenerative Lift
4.3.1.3.
Intent
To encourage thedevelopment and use of grid-source, renewable energy technologies on a
net zero pollution basis.
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Grid tied battery-less system of solar photovoltaic used so that the power they generate can
be fed directly into the utility grid. Whenever the systems are active, the electricity produced
is not stored; instead it is delivered directly to the loads in building or to the local electric
company. If PV system is producing more electricity, the electric company then uses power
to meet the general demand and you receive a credit for the electricity that your system
produces. When this occurs, your utility meter will spin backwards, a very rewarding
experience! This process is called net metering, and in most states utilities are required to
allow solar PV systems to net meter. The advantage of grid-tied systems is that they are the
simplest and most economical systems available. They do not require batteries and are
more efficient than battery
systems. A disadvantage
is that when the utility
power is out, the solar
array
will
not
provide
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Intent
To facilitate the reduction of waste generated by building occupants that is hauled to and
disposed of in landfills.
Provision of easily-accessible dedicated area or areas for the collection and storage of
material for recycling for the entire building at each floor is given as trash chute. Materials
must include, at a minimum: paper, corrugated cardboard, glass, plastics and metals.
4.3.2.2.
Intent
To divert construction and demolition debris from disposal in landfills and incineration
facilities. Redirect recyclable recovered resources back to the manufacturing process and
reusable materials to appropriate sites.
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Recycle and/or salvage nonhazardous construction and demolition debris. Develop and
implement a construction waste management plan that, at a minimum, identifies the
materials to be diverted from disposal and whether the materials will be sorted on-site or
comingled. Excavated soil and land-clearing debris do not contribute to this credit.
Calculations can be done by weight or volume, but must be consistent throughout.
Waste construction materials as formwork are documented (batch number, number of
reused and sold materials)
4.3.2.3.
Intent
To reuse building materials and products to reduce demand for virgin materials and reduce
waste, thereby lessening impacts associated with the extraction and processing of virgin
resources.
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Use of salvaged, refurbished or reused materials, the sum of which constitutes at least 5%
or 10%, based on cost, of the total value of materials on the project. Reuse of iron and steel
waste from reinforcement bars are done for making structure for hydroponics, truss, trough,
decorative rain chain.
Materials and Resources used in HamaIron and Steel Building
Double Grid ACP panel with themocoal sheet at back for both sound and thermal
insulation
Expansive Poly Styli (EPS) used for interior partition insulation(4 inch thickness)
Recycled Content
Rapidly Renewable
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Small holes to fill void at top are provided on cement fiber board
Mixture of cement, sand and thermacoal made in ratio 1:2:4 plus a spoon of adhesive
chemical
Mixture then injected to void through those holes with help of vibrator
Sewerage Treatment Plant for grey water treatment (cistern with grey water tank)
Deep well tube 200m deep with bio-sand filter for waste water treatment
Rain water harvesting as collection of water and recharging ground water table
(20,000-50,000 gallon water tank capacity)
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4.4.
Plenum ventilation is used for the cross ventilation and proper air flow throughout the
building.
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4.5.
1 point
1 point
4.6.
1-5 point
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4.6.1. HYDROPONICS:
Basic concept:
4.6.1.1.
Instead of soil, use of water & nutrient solutiion to grow the plant
System needs to find a balance between feeding & plants
ADVANTAGES:
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4.7.
4.8.
To support and encourage the design integration required by LEED to streamline the
application and certification process.
4.9.
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5.
5.1.
CRITERIA
POINTS IN %
15
Energy
energy
efficiency
and
renewable 35
Water Efficiency
15
14
15
Total
100
Innovations
Grand Total
104
Table 5-1: Weightage of Criterias
Kirtipur, Kathmandu
Orientation:
North
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SYMBOL
FEATURE
Main road
Shops
Neighbouring buildings
Hard Paving
Vegetable Garden
Well
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Existing
Hard paving
Proposed
Remarks
Porous-permeable paving allows
rainwater to pass through the cross
section, and back to the ground
water supply
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5.1.3.1.
Community Services
The community services such as schools, health posts, training centres, armed police force,
temples are at a walking distance from the existing site.
LEGEND
Sym Services
School
Bus stop
Armed police
Center
disabled
for
Training
center
Bihar
Horticulture
Figure 5-9: community services
Clinic
Remarks
Existing
Proposed
S.N
Existing
Proposed
Remarks
2.
English Bond
S.N
Existing
Proposed
3.
Open
staircase
Glass panel
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Remarks
Heat insulation
Sound insulation
64
S.N
Existing
Proposed
4.
Remarks
Heat insulation to the floor below
5.
9 thick masonry
wall
Cavity
wall
(north,
south
and west)
Rat trap bond
Damp prevention
Heat insulation
Sound insulation
Economical
Cavity wall
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S.N
6.
Existing
Open Wall
Proposed
Punctured wall
Remarks
Proper Ventilation
S.N
7.
Existing
Incandescent
and
Fluorescent
lamps
Proposed
LED Lights
Remarks
Reduction on energy consumption
Less carbon emission
Light
Emitting
Diodes
(LEDs)
Incadescent
bulbs
50,000
hours
1,200 hours
8.000 hours
6-8 watts
60 watts
13-15 watts
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Fluorescent
Lamps (CFLs)
66
329 KWh/yr
3285 KWh/yr
767 KWh/yr
$ 32.85/yr
$ 328.59/yr
$ 76.65/yr
CO2 Emission
451
pounds/yr
4500 pounds/yr
1051 pounds/ yr
450
4-5
40
9-13
800
6-8
60
13-15
1,100
9-13
75
18-25
1,600
16-20
100
23-30
2,600
25-28
150
30-55
(30 Bulbs/yr )
S.N
7.
Existing
Electric
heaters
Proposed
Solar water heater
Remarks
Use of renewable energy
67
S.N
8.
Existing
Lamps
Proposed
Photovoltic
cells
Remarks
Use of renewable energy
EXISTING
1.
2.
Collecting
buckets
3.
PROPOSED
rainwater
in
REMARKS
Rainwater harvesting
Utilization of rainwater
Re use of water
Saving of water
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HALF FLUSH
FULL FLUSH
GUTTER
PIPE
RAINWATER
CATCHMENT
SAND FILTER
WATER
FILTER
WATER TANK
Figure
79:
HARVESTING
RAINWATER
WATER
FILTER
1.1.1.
S NO
EXISTING
PROPOSED
REMARKS
1.
Normal Brick
VSBK Brick
2.
Single Glazed
Double glazed
Thermal comfort
3.
Cement flooring
Parquet flooring
Durable
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Easy cleaning
Non allergic
4.
5.
Half
brick
partition
wall
Concrete
with
cement punning at
roof
Good insulation
Flexibility
Insulation
Long lasting roof membrane
Green roof
DOUBLE GLAZED
PARQUET FLOORING
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1.1.2.
S
NO
EXISTING
PROPOSED
REMARKS
1.
Toxic paints
Non toxic
2.
NO strict
smoking
Good Health
Proper lighting
English bond
Punctured wall
provision
of
3.
4.
5.
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Insulation
Proper
ventilation
71
1.1.3.
S NO
EXISTING
PROPOSED
REMARKS
1.
Disposal of wastes
through
municipality waste
collector by truck
Proper disposal of
wastes
1.1.4.
Cleanliness
Allocate
separate
space
for
collected waste before transferring it
to the recycling/disposal stations.
Innovations - 4%
S NO
EXISTING
PROPOSED
REMARKS
1.
Roof garden
Temperature Control
Indoor plants
ROOF GARDEN
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1.1.5.
LEGEND
1. PARGOLA SHADING AT ROOF
2. PHOTOVOLTIC PANEL
3. SOLAR WATER HEATER
4. GLASS PANEL
5. DOUBLE GLAZED GLASS
6. RAT BOND
7. DUAL FLUSH W.C
8. NON TOXIC PAINTS
9. GRASS PAVING
5
4
7
6
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6.
Conclusion
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7.
Bibliography
www.emt-india.net/ECBC/NationalECBCAwarenessProgrammeJun
Jul2009/Pune/CaseStudy-KavitaJain.pdf
www.coa.gov.in/mag
www.grihaindia.org
http://mnre.gov.in/press-releases/press-release-06082008.pdf
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