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I. INTRODUCTION
Currently, the question of improving the power supply
reliability
of
industrial
consumers
raises
quite
sharply. Because of the power supply outages caused by
adjacent grid companies industries are on the red with
significant losses. For example, through the fault of the grid
company specializing in the extraction of oil in Russia, only
one field for the year loses about 56 million rubles.
One way to prevent blackouts consumers is to offer
accommodation sources of distributed generation (DG).
The basic concept of distributed generation - a source of
electrical energy of relatively small capacity, ranging from tens
kW to 50 MW, mounted on the side of the carrying supplies
consumer. Most common in Russia are gas piston and turbine
types of power plants. The main problem DG becomes the
problem of optimal sources placement in the distribution
network. A number of researchers to solve the problem are used
as criteria for optimization the different characteristics of the
steady state [1,2,3]. However, DG sources have a positive impact
not only on the normal operation of electric network, but also to
emergency mode [4].
However, if as a criterion in the optimization mathematical
models use indicator of the DG sources impact to electric
network emergency mode, it is possible to obtain a method not
only to improve the operating data network, but also to
improve the reliability of electricity supply.
In this paper, a universal mathematical model of optimal
allocation of DG sources are proposed, which takes into
account the influence of DG sources emergency operation on
the electrical network, and can be used in the development of
measures to improve the electricity supply reliability.
2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)
(1)
In solving this problem settlePHQW SHULRG 7 \HDUV is
adopted. The increasing of the time interval for the calculation
can lead us to making a wrong decision, because of the very
distant conditions of tariffs and economic situation in general.
The paper does not consider the possibility of electrical
energy sale to the side for two reasons. The first - the power
source selected at the primary stage may be less than or equal
to the natural needs of the enterprise and there will be no spare
capacity for sale. The second reason - tariffs for electricity
distribution companies established usually below the cost of
power energy production on the DG sources. This artificially
barriers are create to small generation on the wholesale
markets for power energy. However, if are change this
provision, in the model, it can enter the corresponding figure.
Sample structure is shown realizable, operating costs and
revenue of the project presented in the Table 1.
As a result, the objective function takes the following
form:
(2)
where P - total power sources DG; - the discount factor.
The criterion of the quality of electrical energy
In terms of improving the quality of electrical energy in
solving the optimal placement problem of DG sources, in this
paper are consider only the change in the steady voltage
deviation, which is responsible for the company's
network. This criterion is introduced for the following reason:
at the ends of power lines may be significant voltage drop. In
turn, the DG source affects the magnitude of the voltage
depending on distance from the supply point of the substation
is connected.
TABLE 1. THE CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTS AND REVENUES OF THE
PROJECT
Cost component
Cost component
Component of income
Purchase and
installation of
equipment
K1
Loss of energy
efficiency in the
network
C1
Turnkey
construction
K2
Fuel
C2
Transportation
K3
costs
Design work
K4
Pipeline and
hot water
K5
Buying electrical
energy from the
network
Purchase thermal
power from the
network
Repair and
maintenance
C3
4
C5
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)
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2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)
R,
{Ohm}
X,
{Ohm}
G,
{S}
B,
{S}
Kt
S,
{kVA}
7, 9, 11, 19, 22
17, 10, 20, 5
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6300
4000
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10000
REFERENCES
[1]
[3]
Value
0.3
0.1
0.6
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
The biography
In 2010 Galina Khudyakova graduated from the Heat Power Faculty of
Ural Federal University. In 2015 she was awarded the PhD in Engineering
sciences. After graduation started working in the university as assistant,
later became the senior lecturer at the Department of Thermal Power
Stations. The scientific interests is distributed and small-scale power
generation.