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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyMusclesTables

MedicalGrossAnatomy
AnatomyTablesMuscles
MusclesoftheBackRegionListedAlphabetically
Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Innervation

Artery

erectorspinae

iliaccrest,
sacrum,
transverse
andspinous
processesof
vertebrae
and
supraspinal
ligament

anglesofthe
ribs,
transverse
andspinous
processesof
vertebrae,
posterior
aspectofthe
skull

extends
and
laterally
bendsthe
trunk,neck
andhead

segmentally
innervated
bydorsal
primary
ramiof
spinal
nervesC1
S5

supplied
segmentally
by:deep
cervicala.,
posterior
intercostal
aa.,
subcostal
aa.,lumbar
aa.

theerectorspinaem.is
separatedinto3
columnsofmuscle:
iliocostalislaterally,
longissimusinan
intermediateposition
andspinalismedially
eachofthesecolumns
hasmultiplenamed
parts

iliocostalis

iliaccrest
andsacrum

anglesofthe
ribs

extends
and
laterally
bendsthe
trunkand
neck

dorsal
primary
ramiof
spinal
nervesC4
S5

supplied
segmentally
by:deep
cervicala.,
posterior
intercostal
aa.,
subcostal
aa.,lumbar
aa.

themostlateralpartof
theerectorspinaeit
maybesubdividedinto
lumborum,thoracisand
cervicisportions

interspinales

upperborder lowerborder
ofspinous
ofspinous
process
process
above

extend
trunkand
neck

dorsal
primary
ramiof
spinal
nervesC1
L5

supplied
segmentally
by:deep
cervicala.,
posterior
intercostal
aa.,
subcostal
aa.,lumbar
aa.

thesearesmalland
fairlyinsignificant
muscles

laterally
dorsal
bendtrunk primary
andneck
ramiof
spinal
nervesC1
L5

supplied
segmentally
by:deep
cervicala.,
posterior
intercostal
aa.,
subcostal
aa.,lumbar
aa.

thesearesmalland
fairlyinsignificant
muscles

intertransversarii upperborder
of
transverse
process

lowerborder
oftransverse
process
above

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

Notes

Image

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longissimus

transverse
processat
inferior
vertebral
levels

transverse
processat
superior
vertebral
levelsand
mastoid
process

extends
and
laterally
bendsthe
trunk,neck
andhead

dorsal
primary
ramiof
spinal
nervesC1
S1

supplied
segmentally
by:deep
cervicala.,
posterior
intercostal
aa.,
subcostal
aa.,lumbar
aa.

theintermediatepartof
theerectorspinaeitmay
besubdividedinto
thoracis,cervicisand
capitisportions

multifidus

sacrum,
transverse
processesof
C3L5

spinous
processes2
4vertebral
levels
superiorto
theirorigin

extendand
laterally
bendtrunk
andneck,
rotateto
opposite
side

dorsal
primary
ramiof
spinal
nervesC1
L5

supplied
segmentally
by:deep
cervicala.,
posterior
intercostal
aa.,
subcostal
aa.,lumbar
aa.

semispinalis,multifidus
androtatoresmakeup
thetransversospinal
musclegroup

obliquuscapitis
inferior

spinous
processof
theaxis

transverse
processof
atlas

rotatesthe suboccipital occipitala.

headtothe nerve(DPR
sameside ofC1)

obliquuscapitis
superior

transverse
processof
atlas

occipitalbone extends
suboccipital occipitala.
aboveinferior thehead, nerve(DPR
nuchalline
rotatesthe ofC1)
headtothe
sameside

thesuboccipitaltriangle
isformedbyobliquus
capitissuperiorand
inferiorandrectus
capitisposteriormajor

rectuscapitis
posteriormajor

spinous
processof
axis

inferior
nuchalline

extends
thehead,
rotateto
sameside

suboccipital occipitala.
nerve(DPR
ofC1)

none

rectuscapitis
posteriorminor

posterior
tubercleof
atlas

inferior
nuchalline
medially

extends
thehead

suboccipital occipitala.
nerve(DPR
ofC1)

rectuscapitisposterior
minorisdeeperand
insertsmoremedialthan
rectuscapitisposterior
major

rotatores

transverse
processes

long
rotatores:
spines2
vertebrae
aboveorigin
short
rotatores:
spines1
vertebrae
aboveorigin

rotatesthe
vertebral
columnto
the
opposite
side

dorsal
primary
ramiof
spinal
nervesC1
L5

supplied
segmentally
by:deep
cervicala.,
posterior
intercostal
aa.,
subcostal
aa.,lumbar
aa.

semispinalis,multifidus
androtatoresmakeup
thetransversospinal
musclegroup

semispinalis

transverse
capitis:back
processesof ofskull
C7T12
between
nuchallines
cervicis&
thoracis:
spines46
vertebrae
aboveorigin

extends
thetrunk
and
laterally
bendsthe
trunk,
rotatesthe
trunktothe
opposite
side

dorsal
primary
ramiof
spinal
nervesC1
T12

supplied
segmentally
by:deep
cervicala.,
posterior
intercostal
aa.,
subcostal
aa.,lumbar
aa.

threepartsarenamed
basedontheir
insertions:capitis,
cervicisandthoracis
semispinalis,multifidus
androtatoresmakeup
thetransversospinal
musclegroup

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

greateroccipitalnerve
(DPRofC2)passes
superiorlyaroundthe
inferiormarginofinferior
oblique

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spinalis

spinous
processesat
inferior
vertebral
levels

spinous
processesat
superior
vertebral
levelsand
baseofthe
skull

extends
and
laterally
bends
trunkand
neck

dorsal
primary
ramiof
spinal
nervesC2
L3

supplied
segmentally
by:deep
cervicala.,
posterior
intercostal
aa.,
subcostal
aa.,lumbar
aa.

mostmedialpartofthe
erectorspinaemaybe
subdividedintothoracis,
cervicisandcapitis
portions

splenius

ligamentum
nuchaeand
spinesC7
T6

capitis:
mastoid
process&
superior
nuchalline
laterally
cervicis:
posterior
tuberclesof
C1C3
vertebrae

extends
and
laterally
bends
neckand
head
rotates
headto
sameside

dorsal
primary
ramiof
spinal
nervesC2
C6

supplied
segmentally
by:deep
cervicala.,
posterior
intercostal
aa.

spleniusmeans
bandageitgetsits
namefromitsbroad,flat
shape

spleniuscapitis

ligamentum
nuchaeand
spinesof
C7T6
vertebrae

mastoid
processand
lateralendof
thesuperior
nuchalline

extends
and
laterally
bendsthe
neckand
head,
rotates
headtothe
sameside

dorsal
primary
ramiof
spinal
nervesC2
C6

supplied
segmentally
by:deep
cervicala.,
posterior
intercostal
aa.

namedforitsshape:
spleniusmeans
bandageandcapitis
referstotheinsertionof
thisportionofthe
muscle

spleniuscervicis ligamentum
nuchaeand
spinesof
C7T6
vertebrae

posterior
tuberclesof
the
transverse
processesof
C1C3
vertebrae

extends
and
laterally
bends
neckand
head,
rotates
headtothe
sameside

dorsal
primary
ramiof
spinal
nervesC2
C6

supplied
segmentally
by:deep
cervicala.,
posterior
intercostal
aa.

namedforitsshape:
spleniusmeans
bandageandcervicis
referstotheinsertionof
thisportionofthe
muscle

MusclesoftheUpperLimbListedAlphabetically
Muscle
abductordigiti
minimi(hand)

Origin
pisiform

Insertion

Action

baseofthe
abductsthe5thdigit
proximal
phalanxofthe
5thdigitonits
ulnarside

Innervation

Artery

deepbranchofthe ulnara.
ulnarnerve

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

Notes

abductordigiti
minimi,flexordigit
minimibrevis,and
opponensdigiti
minimiarelocated
inthehypothenar
compartmentof
thehand

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abductorpollicis flexor
brevis
retinaculum,
scaphoid,
trapezium

baseofthe
abductsthumb
proximal
phalanxofthe
firstdigit

recurrentbranch
ofmediannerve

superficial
palmarbr.of
theradiala.

abductorpollicis
brevis,flexor
pollicisbrevis,and
opponenspollicis
arelocatedinthe
thenar
compartmentof
thehand(Latin,
pollicis=the
thumb)

abductorpollicis middleone
longus
thirdofthe
posterior
surfaceofthe
radius,
interosseous
membrane,
midportionof
posterolateral
ulna

radialsideof
thebaseof
thefirst
metacarpal

adductorpollicis obliquehead:
capitateand
baseofthe
2ndand3rd
metacarpals
transverse
head:shaftof
the3rd
metacarpal

baseofthe
adductsthethumb
proximal
phalanxofthe
thumb

ulnarnerve,deep
branch

deeppalmar
arterialarch

deeppalmararch
anddeepulnar
nervepass
betweenthetwo
headsofadductor
pollicis,whichisin
theadductor
interosseous
compartment
(Latin,pollicis=
thethumb)

anconeus

lateral
epicondyleof
thehumerus

lateralsideof extendstheforearm
theolecranon
andtheupper
onefourthof
theulna

nerveto
anconeus,from
theradialnerve

interosseous
recurrenta.

(Greek,anconeus
=elbow)

bicepsbrachii

shorthead:tip tuberosityof
ofthecoracoid theradius
processofthe
scapulalong
head:
supraglenoid
tubercleofthe
scapula

brachialis

anterior
coronoid
flexestheforearm
surfaceofthe processofthe
loweronehalf ulna
ofthehumerus
andthe
associated
intermuscular
septa

abductsthethumbat radialnerve,deep posterior

thetendonsof
carpometacarpaljoint branch
interosseousa. abductorpollicis
longusand
extensorpollicis
brevismakethe
lateralborderof
theanatomical
snuffbox(Latin,
pollicis=the
thumb)

flexestheforearm,
flexesarm(long
head),supinates

musculocutaneous brachiala.
nerve(C5,6)

apowerful
supinatoronlyif
theelbowisflexed

musculocutaneous brachiala.,
nerve(C5,6)
radialrecurrent
a.

apowerfulflexor

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

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brachioradialis

UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyMusclesTables

uppertwo
thirdsofthe
lateral
supracondylar
ridgeofthe
humerus

coracobrachialis coracoid
processofthe
scapula

lateralsideof flexestheelbow,
radialnerve
thebaseof
assistsinpronation&
thestyloid
supination
processofthe
radius

medialsideof flexesandadducts
thehumerus thearm
atmidshaft

radialrecurrent
a.

although
brachioradialisis
innervatedbythe
nervefor
extensors(radial),
itsprimaryaction
iselbowflexion
theneutral
positionofthis
muscleishalfway
between
supinationand
pronation(elbow
flexed,thumbup)

musculocutaneous brachiala.
nerve(C5,6)

the
musculocutaneous
nervepasses
throughthe
coracobrachialis
muscletoreach
theotherarm
flexormm.(biceps
brachiiand
brachialis)

axillarynerve
posterior
(C5,6)fromthe
circumflex
posteriorcordof
humerala.
thebrachialplexus

thedeltoidmuscle
istheprinciple
abductorofthe
armbutdueto
poormechanical
advantageit
cannotinitiatethis
actionitis
assistedbythe
supraspinatusm.

deltoid

lateralone
deltoid
thirdofthe
tuberosityof
clavicle,
thehumerus
acromion,the
lowerlipofthe
crestofthe
spineofthe
scapula

abductsarmanterior
fibersflex&medially
rotatethearm
posteriorfibersextend
&laterallyrotatethe
arm

dorsal
interosseous
(hand)

fourmuscles,
eacharising
fromtwo
adjacent
metacarpal
shafts

baseofthe
proximal
phalanxand
theextensor
expansionon
lateralsideof
the2nddigit,
lateral&
medialsides
ofthe3rd
digit,and
medialsideof
the4thdigit

flexthe
ulnarnerve,deep
metacarpophalangeal branch
joint,extendthe
proximalanddistal
interphalangealjoints
ofdigits24,abduct
digits24(abduction
ofdigitsinthehandis
definedasmovement
awayfromthemidline
ofthe3rddigit)

extensorcarpi
radialisbrevis

common
extensor
tendon(lateral
epicondyleof
humerus)

dorsumofthe extendsthewrist
third
abductsthehand
metacarpal
bone(base)

deepradialnerve

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

dorsaland
palmar
metacarpalaa.

bipennate
muscles
rememberDAB&
PADDorsal
interosseousmm.
ABductand
Palmar
interosseousmm.
ADductthenyou
canfigureout
wheretheymust
inserttocause
theseactions
(Latin,inter=
between+os=
bone)

radiala.

workswiththe
extensorcarpi
radialislongusand
flexorcarpiradialis
inabductionofthe
hand(Greek,
carpi=thewrist)

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extensorcarpi
radialislongus

loweronethird
ofthelateral
supracondylar
ridgeofthe
humerus

dorsumofthe extendsthewrist
second
abductsthehand
metacarpal
bone(base)

radialnerve

radiala.

workswiththe
extensorcarpi
radialisbrevisand
flexorcarpiradialis
inabductionofthe
hand(Greek,
carpi=thewrist)

extensorcarpi
ulnaris

common
extensor
tendon&the
middleone
halfofthe
posterior
borderofthe
ulna

medialsideof extendsthewrist
thebaseof
adductsthehand
the5th
metacarpal

deepradialnerve

ulnara.

workswiththe
flexorcarpiulnaris
inadductionofthe
hand(Greek,
carpi=thewrist)

extensordigiti
minimi

common
extensor
tendon(lateral
epicondyleof
thehumerus)

joinsthe
extensor
digitorum
tendontothe
5thdigitand
insertsinto
theextensor
expansion

extendsthe
deepradialnerve
metacarpophalangeal,
proximal
interphalangealand
distalinterphalangeal
jointsofthe5thdigit

interosseous
recurrenta.

extensordigiti
minimiappearsto
betheulnarmost
portionofextenso
digitorum

extensor
digitorum

common
extensor
tendon(lateral
epicondyleof
thehumerus)

extensor
expansionof
digits25

extendsthe
deepradialnerve
metacarpophalangeal,
proximal
interphalangealand
distalinterphalangeal
jointsofthe2nd5th
digitsextendswrist

interosseous
recurrenta.and
posterior
interosseousa.

theextensor
expansioninserts
viaacentralband
onthebaseofthe
middlephalanx,
whilelateral&
medialslipsinsert
onthedistal
phalanx

extensorindicis interosseous
membraneand
the
posterolateral
surfaceofthe
distalulna

itstendon
joinsthe
tendonofthe
extensor
digitorumto
thesecond
digitboth
tendonsinsert
intothe
extensor
expansion

extendstheindex
deepradialnerve
fingeratthe
metacarpophalangeal,
proximal
interphalangealand
distalinterphalangeal
joints

posterior
interosseousa

extensorindicisis
adeepforearm
extensor,whereas
extensordigiti
minimiisinthe
superficiallayerof
extensors

extensorpollicis interosseous
brevis
membraneand
theposterior
surfaceofthe
distalradius

baseofthe
proximal
phalanxofthe
thumb

extendsthethumbat deepradialnerve
the
metacarpophalangeal
joint

posterior
interosseousa

thetendonsof
extensorpollicis
brevisand
abductorpollicis
longusmakethe
lateralborderof
theanatomical
snuffbox,inwhich
theradialarterial
pulsecanbefelt
(Latin,pollicis=
thethumb)

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

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extensorpollicis interosseous
baseofthe
extendsthethumbat
longus
membraneand distalphalanx theinterphalangeal
middlepartof ofthethumb joint
the
posterolateral
surfaceofthe
ulna

deepradialnerve

posterior
interosseousa

thetendonof
extensorpollicis
longushooks
aroundthedorsal
radialtubercleit
formsthemedial
borderofthe
anatomical
snuffbox,inwhich
theradialarterial
pulsecanbefelt
(Latin,pollicis=
thethumb)

flexorcarpi
radialis

commonflexor
tendonfrom
themedial
epicondyleof
thehumerus

baseofthe
secondand
third
metacarpals

mediannerve

ulnara.

workswiththe
extensorcarpi
radialislongusand
brevismm.to
abducthand
(Greek,carpi=the
wrist)

flexorcarpi
ulnaris

commonflexor
tendon&
(ulnarhead)
frommedial
borderof
olecranon&
upper2/3of
theposterior
borderofthe
ulna

pisiform,hook flexeswrist,adducts
ofhamate,
hand
andbaseof
5th
metacarpal

ulnarnerve

ulnara.

theulnarnerve
passesbetween
thetwoheadsof
originoftheflexor
carpiulnarism.
(Greek,carpi=the
wrist)

flexordigiti
minimibrevis
(hand)

hookof
hamate&the
flexor
retinaculum

proximal
flexesthe
ulnarnerve,deep
phalanxofthe carpometacarpaland branch
5thdigit
metacarpophalangeal
jointsofthe5thdigit

ulnara.

flexordigitiminimi
brevis,abductor
digitiminimi,and
opponensdigiti
minimiareinthe
hypothenar
compartmentof
thehand

flexordigitorum
profundus

posterior
borderofthe
ulna,proximal
twothirdsof
medialborder
ofulna,
interosseous
membrane

baseofthe
flexesthe
distalphalanx metacarpophalangeal,
ofdigits25
proximal
interphalangealand
distalinterphalangeal
joints

ulnara.,
ulnarnerve
anterior
innervatesthe
interosseousa. portionof
profundusthat
actsondigits4&
5(theulnar2
digits)

flexordigitorum
superficialis

humeroulnar
head:common
flexortendon
radialhead:
middle1/3of
radius

shaftsofthe
middle
phalangesof
digits25

flexesthewrist,
abductsthehand

mediannerve
(radialonehalf)
ulnarnerve(ulnar
onehalf)

flexesthe
mediannerve
metacarpophalangeal
andproximal
interphalangealjoints

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

ulnara.

mediannerve
travelsdistallyin
theforearmonthe
deepsurfaceof
theflexor
digitorum
superficialism.

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flexorpollicis
brevis

flexor
retinaculum,
trapezium

proximal
flexesthe
recurrentbranch
phalanxofthe carpometacarpaland ofthemedian
1stdigit
metacarpophalangeal nerve
jointsofthethumb

superficial
palmarbr.of
theradiala.

flexorpollicis
longus

anterior
surfaceof
radiusand
interosseous
membrane

baseofthe
flexesthe
mediannerve
distalphalanx metacarpophalangeal
ofthethumb andinterphalangeal
jointsofthethumb

anterior
thetendonof
interosseousa. flexorpollicis
longuspasses
throughthecarpal
tunnelwiththe
otherlongdigital
flexortendonsand
themediannerve
(Latin,pollicis=
thethumb)

infraspinatus

infraspinatous
fossa

greater
laterallyrotatesthe
tubercleofthe arm
humerus
(middlefacet)

suprascapular
a.

infraspinatus,
supraspinatus,
teresminorand
subscapularisare
therotatorcuff
muscles

interosseous,
dorsal(hand)

fourmuscles,
eacharising
fromtwo
adjacent
metacarpal
shafts

baseofthe
proximal
phalanxand
theextensor
expansionon
lateralsideof
the2nddigit,
lateral&
medialsides
ofthe3rd
digit,and
medialsideof
the4thdigit

flexthe
ulnarnerve,deep
metacarpophalangeal branch
joint,extendthe
proximalanddistal
interphalangealjoints
ofdigits24,abduct
digits24(abduction
ofdigitsinthehandis
definedasmovement
awayfromthemidline
ofthe3rddigit)

dorsaland
palmar
metacarpalaa.

bipennate
muscles
rememberDAB&
PADDorsal
interosseousmm.
ABductand
Palmar
interosseousmm.
ADductthenyou
canfigureout
wheretheymust
inserttocause
theseactions
(Latin,inter=
between+os=
bone)

interosseous,
palmar

fourmuscles,
arisingfrom
thepalmar
surfaceofthe
shaftsof
metacarpals1,
2,4,&5(the
1stpalmar
interosseousis
oftenfused
withthe
adductor
pollicism.)

baseofthe
proximal
phalanxand
extensor
expansionof
themedial
sideofdigits1
&2,and
lateralsideof
digits4&5

flexesthe
ulnarnerve,deep
metacarpophalangeal, branch
extendsproximaland
distalinterphalangeal
jointsandadducts
digits1,2,4,&5
(adductionofthe
digitsofthehandisin
referencetothe
midlineofthe3rd
digit)

palmar
metacarpalaa.

unipennate
muscles
rememberPAD&
DAB:Palmar
interosseiADduct
andDorsal
interosseiABduct,
andyouwillbe
abletofigureout
wheretheymust
insert(Latin,inter
=between+os=
bone)

suprascapular
nerve

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

flexorpollicis
brevis,abductor
pollicisbrevis,and
opponenspollicis
arethethree
musclesofthe
thenar
compartmentof
thehand(Latin,
pollicis=the
thumb)

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latissimusdorsi

vertebral
floorofthe
extendsthearmand
spinesfromT7 intertubercular rotatesthearm
tothesacrum, groove
medially
posteriorthird
oftheiliac
crest,lower3
or4ribs,
sometimes
fromthe
inferiorangle
ofthescapula

thoracodorsal
nerve(C7,8)from
theposteriorcord
ofthebrachial
plexus

thoracodorsal
a.

levator
scapulae

transverse
processesof
C1C4
vertebrae

medialborder elevatesthescapula
ofthescapula
fromthe
superiorangle
tothespine

dorsalscapular
nerve(C5)the
upperpartofthe
musclereceives
branchesofC3&
C4

dorsalscapular levatorscapulaeis
a.
namedforits
action(Latin,
levator=tolift)

lumbrical(hand) flexor
digitorum
profundus
tendonsof
digits25

extensor
expansionon
theradialside
ofthe
proximal
phalanxof
digits25

flexthe
metacarpophalangeal
joints,extendthe
proximalanddistal
interphalangealjoints
ofdigits25

mediannerve
superficial
(radial2)via
palmararterial
palmardigital
arch
nerves&ulnar
nerve(ulnar2)via
deepbranch

lumbricals,arise
fromthe
profundustendons
andhavethe
samepatternof
innervationas
doesthe
profundusmuscle
(ulnarandmedian
nn.splitthetask
equally)(Latin,
lumbricus=
earthworm)

opponensdigiti
minimi

hookof
hamateand
flexor
retinaculum

shaftof5th
metacarpal

opposesthe5thdigit

ulnarnerve,deep
branch

ulnara.

oppositionisa
rotational
movementofthe
5thmetacarpal
aroundthelong
axisofitsshaft
opponensdigiti
minimi,abductor
digitiminimi,and
flexordigitiminimi
brevisareinthe
hypothenar
compartmentof
thehand

opponens
pollicis

flexor
retinaculum,
trapezium

shaftof1st
metacarpal

opposesthethumb

recurrentbranch
ofmediannerve

superficial
palmarbranch
oftheradiala.

oppositionisa
rotational
movementofthe
1stmetacarpal
aroundthelong
axisofitsshaft
opponenspollicis,
abductorpollicis
brevis,andflexor
pollicisbrevisare
inthethenar
compartmentof
thehand(Latin,
pollicis=the
thumb)

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

theinserting
tendontwistsso
thatfibers
originatinghighest
insertlowest
(Latin,latissimus=
broadest)

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palmar
interosseous

fourmuscles,
arisingfrom
thepalmar
surfaceofthe
shaftsof
metacarpals1,
2,4,&5(the
1stpalmar
interosseousis
oftenfused
withthe
adductor
pollicism.)

baseofthe
proximal
phalanxand
extensor
expansionof
themedial
sideofdigits1
&2,and
lateralsideof
digits4&5

flexesthe
ulnarnerve,deep
metacarpophalangeal, branch
extendsproximaland
distalinterphalangeal
jointsandadducts
digits1,2,4,&5
(adductionofthe
digitsofthehandisin
referencetothe
midlineofthe3rd
digit)

palmar
metacarpalaa.

unipennate
muscles
rememberPAD&
DAB:Palmar
interosseiADduct
andDorsal
interosseiABduct,
andyouwillbe
abletofigureout
wheretheymust
insert(Latin,inter
=between+os=
bone)

palmarisbrevis

fascia
overlyingthe
hypothenar
eminence

skinofthe
palmnearthe
ulnarborder
ofthehand

drawstheskinofthe superficialbr.of
ulnarsideofthehand theulnarn.
towardthecenterof
thepalm

ulnara.

palmarisbrevis
improvesthe
grasp

flexesthewrist

mediannerve

ulnara.

palmarislongusis
absentinabout
13%offorearms
itmaybepresent
ononesideonly

palmarislongus commonflexor palmar

tendon,from
aponeurosis
themedial
epicondyleof
thehumerus
pectoralismajor medial1/2of
theclavicle,
manubrium&
bodyof
sternum,costal
cartilagesof
ribs26,
sometimes
fromtherectus
sheathofthe
upper
abdominalwall

crestofthe
flexesandadducts
greater
thearm,medially
tubercleofthe rotatesthearm
humerus

medialandlateral
pectoralnerves
(C5T1)

pectoralbranch
ofthe
thoracoacromial
trunk

thedeepfasciaon
itsanteriorsurface
shouldnotbe
fusedtothefascia
ofthemammary
glandifitis,this
isanimportant
clinicalsign
indicatingbreast
disease

pectoralisminor ribs35

coracoid
drawsthescapula
processofthe forward,medialward,
scapula
anddownward

medialpectoral
nerve(C8,T1)

pectoralbranch
ofthe
thoracoacromial
trunk

branchesof
medialpectoral
nerveusually
piercepectoralis
minortoreach
pectoralismajor
muscle

pronator
quadratus

medialsideof
theanterior
surfaceofthe
distalone
fourthofthe
ulna

anterior
pronatestheforearm
surfaceofthe
distalone
fourthofthe
radius

mediannervevia
theanterior
interosseous
nerve

anterior
pronator
interosseousa. quadratusisthe
deepestmusclein
thedistalforearm
itworkswith
pronatorteresand
hasthesame
nervesupply

pronatorteres

commonflexor
tendonand
(deeporulnar
head)from
medialsideof
coronoid
processofthe
ulna

midpointof
thelateral
sideofthe
shaftofthe
radius

mediannerve

ulnara.,
anteriorulnar
recurrenta.

pronatestheforearm

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

mediannerve
passesbetween
thetwoheadsof
originofpronator
teres

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rhomboideus
major

spinesof
vertebraeT2
T5

medialborder retracts,elevatesand dorsalscapular

ofthescapula rotatesthescapula
nerve(C5)
inferiortothe inferiorly
spineofthe
scapula

dorsalscapular namedforits
a.
shape

rhomboideus
minor

inferiorendof
the
ligamentum
nuchae,spines
ofvertebrae
C7andT1

medialborder retracts,elevatesand dorsalscapular

ofthescapula rotatesthescapula
nerve(C5)
attherootof inferiorly
thespineof
thescapula

dorsalscapular namedforits
a
shape

serratus
anterior

ribs18or9

medialborder
ofthescapula
onitscostal
(deep)
surface

itdrawsthescapula
forwardtheinferior
fibersrotatethe
scapulasuperiorly

longthoracic
nerve(from
ventralramiC5
C7)

lateralthoracic
a.

alesionoflong
thoracicnervewill
causewingingof
thescapula(i.e.,
themedialborder
ofthescapulafalls
awayfromthe
posteriorchest
wallandlookslike
anangel'swing)
(Latin,serratus=
tosaw)

ribs912,
lateraltothe
angles

pullsdownlowerribs

branchesofthe
ventralprimary
ramiofspinal
nervesT9T12

lowestposterior
intercostala.,
subcostala.,
firsttwolumbar
aa.

arespiratory
muscle,itreceives
ventralramus
innervation
embryonically
relatedtothe
intercostal
muscles,notthe
deepbackmm.
(Latin,serratus=
tosaw)

elevatestheupper
ribs

branchesofthe
ventralprimary
ramiofspinal
nervesT1T4

posterior
intercostalaa.
14

arespiratory
muscle,itreceives
ventralramus
innervation
embryonically
relatedtothe
intercostal
muscles,notthe
deepbackmm.
(Latin,serratus=
tosaw)

nerveto
subclavius(C5)

clavicularbr.of
the
thoracoacromial
trunk

itservesan
important
protectivefunction
itcushionsthe
subclavianvessels
frombone
fragmentsin
clavicularfractures

subscapulara.

subscapularis,
supraspinatus,
infraspinatus,and
teresminorare
therotatorcuff
muscles

serratus
thoracolumbar
posteriorinferior fascia,spines
ofvertebrae
T11T12and
L1L2

serratus
posterior
superior

ligamentum
ribs14,
nuchae,spines lateraltothe
ofvertebrae
angles
C7andT1T3

subclavius

firstribandits
cartilage

inferior
drawstheclavicle
surfaceofthe (andhencethe
clavicle
shoulder)downand
forward

subscapularis

medialtwo
thirdsofthe
costalsurface
ofthescapula
(subscapular
fossa)

lesser
mediallyrotatesthe
upperandlower
tubercleofthe armassistsextention subscapular
humerus
ofthearm
nerves(C5,6)

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

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supinator

lateral
epicondyleof
thehumerus,
supinatorcrest
&fossaofthe
ulna,radial
collateral
ligament,
annular
ligament

lateralsideof supinatestheforearm deepradialnerve

proximalone
thirdofthe
radius

supraspinatus

supraspinatous greater
abductsthearm
fossa
tubercleofthe (initiatesabduction)
humerus
(highestfacet)

suprascapular
nerve(C5,6)from
thesuperiortrunk
ofthebrachial
plexus

teresmajor

dorsalsurface
oftheinferior
angleofthe
scapula

crestofthe
lesser
tubercleofthe
humerus

adductsthearm,
mediallyrotatesthe
arm,assistsinarm
extension

lowersubscapular circumflex
nerve(C5,6)from scapulara.
theposteriorcord
ofthebrachial
plexus

teresmajorinserts
besidethetendon
oflatissimusdorsi
andassists
latissimusinits
actions

teresminor

upper2/3of
thelateral
borderofthe
scapula

greater
laterallyrotatesthe
tubercleofthe arm
humerus
(lowestfacet)

axillarynerve
circumflex
(C5,6)fromthe
scapulara.
posteriorcordof
thebrachialplexus

fixestheheadof
thehumerusinthe
glenoidfossa
duringabduction&
flexionofthearm
amemberofthe
rotatorcuffgroup

trapezius

medialthirdof
thesuperior
nuchalline,
external
occipital
protuberance,
ligamentum
nuchae,
spinous
processesof
vertebraeC7
T12

lateralthirdof
theclavicle,
medialsideof
theacromion
andtheupper
crestofthe
scapular
spine,
tubercleofthe
scapular
spine

motor:spinal
accessory(XI),
proprioception:
C3C4

transverse
cervicala.

namedforits
shapetrapeziusis
anexampleofa
musclethat
migratesduring
developmentfrom
itsleveloforigin
(cervical)toits
finalposition,
pullingitsnerve
andarteryalong
behind

tricepsbrachii

longhead:
olecranon
extendstheforearm radialnerve
infraglenoid
processofthe thelongheadextends
tubercleofthe ulna
andadductsarm
scapulalateral
head:
posterolateral
humerus&
lateral
intermuscular
septummedial
head:
posteromedial
surfaceofthe
inferior1/2of
thehumerus

deepbrachial
(profunda
brachii)a.

longheadofthe
tricepsseparates
thetriangularand
quadrangular
spaces(teres
major,teresminor
andthehumerus
aretheother
boundaries)all
threeheadsof
origininsertbya
commontendon

elevatesand
depressesthe
scapula(depending
onwhichpartofthe
musclecontracts)
rotatesthescapula
superiorlyretracts
scapula

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

recurrent
deepradialnerve
interosseousa. passesthrough
thesupinatorto
reachtheposterio
compartment
theforearm

suprascapular
a.

supraspinatus
initiatesabduction
ofthearm,then
thedeltoidmuscle
completesthe
actionamember
oftherotatorcuff
group

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MusclesoftheHeadandNeckListedAlphabetically
Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Innervation

scalenetubercleof elevatesthefirstrib brachialplexus,

thefirstrib
flexesandlaterally C5C7
bendstheneck

Artery

anteriorscalene

anteriortubercles
ofthetransverse
processesof
vertebraeC3C6

aryepiglottic

apex(superior
epiglottis
part)ofthe
arytenoidcartilage

drawstheepiglottis
posteriorlyand
downwardduring
swallowing

inferiorlaryngeal laryngealbr.ofthe
nerve,from
superiorthyroida.
recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchoftheof
vagus(X)

arytenoid,oblique

muscularprocess
ofthearytenoid
cartilage

posteriorsurfaceof
thecontralateral
arytenoidcartilage,
nearitsapex

drawsarytenoid
cartilagestogether,
adductingthevocal
folds

inferiorlaryngeal laryngealbr.ofthe
nerve,from
superiorthyroida.
recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchoftheof
vagus(X)

arytenoid,
transverse

posteriorsurface
ofthearytenoid
cartilage

posteriorsurfaceof drawsarytenoid
thecontralateral
cartilagestogether,
arytenoidcartilage adductingthevocal
folds

auricular

anterior:galea
auricleanteriorly,
aponeurotica
superiorlyand
anteriortoear
posteriorly
superior:galea
aponeurotica
superiortoear
posterior:mastoid
process

wiggletheears

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

inferiorlaryngeal
nerve,from
recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchofthe
vagusnerve(X)

ascendingcervical
a.,abranchofthe
thyrocervicaltrunk

laryngealbr.ofthe
superiorthyroida.

anterior&
superficialtemporal
superior:
a.,posterior
temporal
auriculara.
branchesoffacial
nerve(VII)
posterior:
posterior
auricularbranch
offacialnerve
(VII)

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buccinator

pterygomandibular
raphe,mandible,
andthemaxilla
lateraltothemolar
teeth

angleofmouthand
thelateralportion
oftheupperand
lowerlips

pullsthecornerof
mouthlaterally
pressesthecheek
againsttheteeth

buccalbranches
ofthefacial
nerve(VII)

faciala.

chondroglossus

medialsideofthe
lesserhornand
bodyofthehyoid
bone

ascendstoblend
withtheintrinsic
tongue
musculature

pullsthesidesof
thetonguedown

hypoglossal
nerve(XII)

linguala.

ciliary

meridionalfibers:
scleralspur
circularfibers:
encircletheciliary
process

meridionalfibers:
ciliaryprocess
circularfibers:
encircletheciliary
process

relaxesthe
parasympathetic ophthalmica.
suspensory
fibersinthe
ligamentofthelens oculomotornerve
(III),synapsingin
theciliary
ganglion

constrictor,inferior
pharyngeal

obliquelineofthe
thyroidcartilage,
lateralsurfaceof
cricoidcartilage

midlinepharyngeal constricts
raphe
pharyngealcavity

constrictor,middle
pharyngeal

lesserandgreater midlinepharyngeal constrictsthe

hornsofthehyoid raphe
pharyngealcavity
boneandthe
inferiorpartofthe
stylohyoid
ligament

vagus(X),viathe
pharyngeal
plexus,withaid
fromthesuperior
laryngealand
recurrent
laryngealnerves

ascending
pharyngeala.,
superiorthyroida.,
inferiorthyroida.

vagus(X),viathe ascending
pharyngeal
pharyngeala.
plexus

constrictor,superior medialpterygoid
pharyngeal
plate,pterygoid
hamulus,
pterygomandibular
raphe,mylohyoid
lineofmandible

pharyngeal
constrictsthe
tubercleand
pharyngealcavity
midlinepharyngeal
raphe

vagus(X),viathe ascending
pharyngeal
pharyngeala.
plexus

corrugator

medialpartofthe
supercillaryarch

skinofthemedial pullseyebrows
halfoftheeyebrow togethermedially

temporalbranch
ofthefacial
nerve(VII)

supratrochleara.

cricoarytenoid,
lateral

archofthecricoid
cartilage

muscularprocess
ofthearytenoid
cartilage

inferiorlaryngeal
nerve,fromthe
recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchofthe
vagusnerve(X)

superiorlaryngeal
a.,cricothyroid
branchofthe
superiorthyroida.

drawsthemuscular
processofthe
arytenoidcartilage
anteriorly,which
pivotsthearytenoid
cartilageand
adductsthevocal
folds

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

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cricoarytenoid,
posterior

posteriorsurface
ofthelaminaof
thecricoid
cartilage

muscularprocess
ofthearytenoid
cartilage

drawsthemuscular
processposteriorly,
whichpivotsthe
arytenoidcartilage
andabductsthe
vocalfolds

inferiorlaryngeal
nerve,fromthe
recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchofthe
vagusnerve(X)

superiorlaryngeal
a.,cricothyroid
branchofthe
superiorthyroida.

cricopharyngeus

lateralsurfaceof
thecricoid
cartilage

midlinepharyngeal constrictsthe
raphe
pharyngealcavity
andtheentranceto
theesophagus

recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchofthe
vagusnerve(X)

cricothyroidbranch
ofthesuperior
thyroida.,
ascending
pharyngeala.

cricothyroid

archofthecricoid
cartilage

inferiorborderof
thethyroid
cartilage

drawsthethyroid
cartilageforward,
lengtheningthe
vocalligaments

externalbranch
ofsuperior
laryngealnerve,
abranchofthe
vagusnerve(X)

cricothyroidbranch
ofthesuperior
thyroida.

depressoranguli
oris

obliquelineofthe
mandible

angleofthemouth pullsthecornerof
themouth
downward

marginal
mandibular&
buccalbranches
ofthefacial
nerve(VII)

inferiorlabial
branchofthefacial
a.,mentala.

depressorlabii
inferioris

anteriorsurfaceof skinofthelowerlip depressesthelower marginal

themandible
lip
mandibular
branchofthe
facialnerve(VII)

inferiorlabial
branchofthefacial
a.,mentala.

depressorsepti

maxillanearthe
midlineabovethe
incisorteeth

nasalseptum

depressesthenasal buccalbranchof
septuminvolvedin facialnerve(VII)
flaringthenostrils

superiorlabial
branchofthefacial
a.

digastric

anteriorbelly:
digastricfossaof
themandible
posteriorbelly:
mastoidnotchof
thetemporalbone

bodyofthehyoid
viaafibrousloop
overan
intermediate
tendon

elevatesthehyoid
bonedepresses
themandible

anteriorbelly:
mylohyoidnerve,
fromthe
mandibular
divisionofthe
trigeminalnerve
(V)posterior
belly:facialnerve
(VII)

anteriorbelly:
submentala.
posteriorbelly:
occipitala.

dilatorpupillae

outermarginofiris innermarginofiris

dilatesthepupil

sympathetic
fibersviashort
ciliarynerves,
synapsingin
superiorcervical
sympathetic
ganglion

ophthalmica.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

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epicranius

frontalis:galea
aponeurotica
occipitalis:
superiornuchal
line

frontalis:skinofthe
eyebrows
occipitalis:galea
aponeurotica

elevatesthe
eyebrowsand
wrinklesthe
forehead

frontalis:
temporal
branchesofthe
facialnerve(VII)
occipitalis:
posterior
auricularbranch
ofthefacial
nerve(VII)

frontalis

galea
aponeurotica

skinoftheeyebrow elevatesthe
eyebrowsand
wrinklesthe
forehead

temporal
branchesofthe
facialnerve(VII)

supraorbitaland
supratrochlearaa.

genioglossus

mentalspineon
theinneraspectof
themental
symphysis

fansouttoinsert
intothetongue
fromthetiptothe
base

protrudesthe
tongue(inferior
fibers)depresses
tongue(middle
fibers)

hypoglossal
nerve(XII)

linguala.

geniohyoid

mentalspinesof
themandible

bodyofthehyoid
bone

elevatesthehyoid
bonedepresses
themandible

ventralprimary
ramusofspinal
nerveC1via
fiberscarriedby
thehypoglossal
nerve

linguala.,
submentala.

hyoglossus

upperborderof
thegreaterhornof
thehyoidand
bodyofthehyoid
bone

spreadsoutinto
theintrinsic
musclesofthe
tongue

depressesthesides hypoglossal
ofthetongue
nerve(XII)
retractsthetongue

inferioroblique

flooroftheorbit
lateraltothe
lacrimalgroove

scleraonthe
inferiorsurfaceof
theeyeball

elevatesand
oculomotornerve ophthalmica.
abductsthecorneal (III),inferior
partoftheeye
division
rotatesthesuperior
poleoftheiris
laterallywhenthe
eyeisadducted,
thismuscleelevates
thecornea

inferiorpharyngeal
constrictor

obliquelineofthe
thyroidcartilage,
lateralsurfaceof
cricoidcartilage

midlinepharyngeal constricts
raphe
pharyngealcavity

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

vagus(X),viathe
pharyngeal
plexus,withaid
fromthesuperior
laryngealand
recurrent
laryngealnerves

frontalis:
supraorbitaland
supratrochlearaa.
occipitalis:occipital
a.

linguala.

ascending
pharyngeala.,
superiorthyroida.,
inferiorthyroida.

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inferiorrectus

common
tendinousringat
theapexofthe
orbit

scleraonthe
inferiorsurfaceof
theeyeball

depressesand
oculomotornerve ophthalmica.
adductsthecorneal (III),inferior
partoftheeyeball division
rotatesthesuperior
poleoftheiris
laterally

lateral
cricoarytenoid

archofthecricoid
cartilage

muscularprocess
ofthearytenoid
cartilage

drawsthemuscular
processofthe
arytenoidcartilage
anteriorly,which
pivotsthearytenoid
cartilageand
adductsthevocal
folds

inferiorlaryngeal
nerve,fromthe
recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchofthe
vagusnerve(X)

superiorlaryngeal
a.,cricothyroid
branchofthe
superiorthyroida.

lateralpterygoid

superiorhead:
greaterwingofthe
sphenoidbone
inferiorhead:
lateralsurfaceof
thelateral
pterygoidplate

superiorhead:
capsuleand&
articulardiskofthe
temporomandibular
jointinferiorhead:
neckofthe
mandible

protractsthe
mandibleopensthe
mouthactivein
grindingactionsof
chewing

lateralpterygoid
branchofthe
mandibular
divisionofthe
trigeminalnerve
(V)

pterygoidbranchof
themaxillarya.

lateralrectus

common
tendinousringat
theapexofthe
orbit

scleraonthe
lateralsurfaceof
theeyeball

abductsthecorneal abducensnerve
partoftheeyeball
(VI)

ophthalmica.

levatorangulioris

caninefossaof
themaxilla

angle(corner)of
themouth

elevatestheangle
ofthemouth

buccalbranchof
thefacialnerve
(VII)

infraorbitala.,
superiorlabial
branchofthefacial
a.

levatorlabii
superioris

inferiormarginof
theorbit

skinoftheupper
lip

elevatestheupper
lip

buccalbranchof
thefacialnerve
(VII)

infraorbitala.,
superiorlabial
branchofthefacial
a.

levatorlabii
superiorisalaque
nasi

frontalprocessof
themaxilla

alaofthenoseand elevatestheupper
skinoftheupper
lipandflaresthe
lip
nostril

buccalbranchof
thefacialnerve
(VII)

infraorbitala.,
superiorlabial
branchofthefacial
a.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

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levatorpalpebrae
superioris

apexoftheorbit
abovetheoptic
canal

skinandfasciaof
uppereyelidand
thesuperiortarsal
plate

elevatestheupper
eyelid

oculomotornerve ophthalmica.
(III)and
sympathetics(to
thesuperior
tarsalportion)

levatorscapulae

transverse
medialborderof
processesofC14 thescapulafrom
vertebrae
thesuperiorangle
tothespine

elevatesscapula

dorsalscapular
dorsalscapulara.
nerve(C5)the
upperpartofthe
musclereceives
branchesofC3&
C4spinalnerves

levatorvelipalatini

apexofthe
petrouspartofthe
temporalbone
andthemedial
surfaceofthe
auditorytube
cartilage

musclesandfascia elevatesthesoft
ofthesoftpalate
palate
palatine
aponeurosis

vagusnerve(X)
viathe
pharyngeal
plexus

ascending
pharyngeala.

linguae,
longitudinalis

withintongue

withintonguenear
theapex

shapesthetongue
forspeechand
mastication

hypoglossal
nerve(XII)

linguala.

linguae,transversus withintongue

withintongue

compressesthe
hypoglossal
sidesofthetongue nerve(XII)
shapesthetongue
forspeechand
mastication

linguala.

linguae,verticalis

withintongue

withintongue

shapesthetongue
forspeechand
mastication

hypoglossal
nerve(XII)

linguala.

longuscapitis

anteriortubercles
ofvertebraeC36

basilarportionof
theoccipitalbone

flextheheadand
neck

cervicalplexus,
ventralprimary
ramiofspinal
nervesC14

deepcervicala.

longuscolli

anteriortubercles
andanterior
surfacesofthe
bodiesof
vertebraeC3T3

anteriorarchof
flexneck,rotateand cervicaland
atlas,anterior
laterallybendneck brachialplexus,
tuberclesofC56,
C27
anteriorsurfacesof
bodiesofvertebrae
C24

deepcervicala.

masseter

zygomaticarch
andzygomatic
bone

lateralsurfaceof
theramusand
angleofthe
mandible

massetericbranch
ofthemaxillarya.

elevatesthe
mandible

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

nervetothe
masseter,from
themandibular
divisionofthe
trigeminalnerve
(V)

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medialpterygoid

medialsurfaceof
thelateral
pterygoidplate,
pyramidalprocess
ofthepalatine
bone,tuberosityof
themaxilla

medialsurfaceof
theramusand
angleofthe
mandible

elevatesand
protractsthe
mandible

medialrectus

common
tendinousringat
theapexofthe
orbit

scleraonthe
medialsurfaceof
theeyeball

adductsthecorneal oculomotornerve ophthalmica.

partoftheeyeball
(III)(inferior
division)

mentalis

anteriorsurfaceof skinofthechin
themandiblenear
themental
symphysis
(midline)

middlepharyngeal
constrictor

lesserandgreater midlinepharyngeal constrictsthe

hornsofthehyoid raphe
pharyngealcavity
boneandthe
inferiorpartofthe
stylohyoid
ligament

middlescalene

posteriortubercles
ofthetransverse
processesof
vertebraeC2C7

uppersurfaceof
thefirstribbehind
thesubclavian
artery

elevatesthefirstrib brachialplexus,
flexesandlaterally C3C8
bendstheneck

ascendingcervical
a.

musculusuvulae

posteriornasal
spine

mucosaofthe
uvula

shortenstheuvula

vagusnerve(X)
viapharyngeal
plexus

lesserpalatinea.

mylohyoid

mylohyoidlineof
mandible

midlinerapheand
bodyofthehyoid
bone

elevatesthehyoid
boneandthe
tonguedepresses
themandible

mylohyoidnerve
fromtheinferior
alveolarnerve,a
branchofthe
mandibular
divisionofthe
trigeminalnerve
(V)

mylohyoidbranch
oftheinferior
alveolara.

nasalis

maxillaabovethe
incisorteethand
thecanineteeth

alaofthenoseand flattensthenose,
midline
flarethenostrils
aponeurosis

buccalbranchof
thefacialnerve
(VII)

superiorlabial
branchofthefacial
a.

nasalisparsalaris

maxillaabovethe
canineteeth

alaofthenose

buccalbranchof
facialnerve(VII)

superiorlabial
branchofthefacial
a.

elevatesthelower
lipandskinofchin

flaresthenostrils

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

medialpterygoid
branchofthe
mandibular
divisionofthe
trigeminalnerve
(V)

marginal
mandibular
branchofthe
facialnerve(VII)

pterygoidbranchof
themaxillarya.

mentala.,inferior
labialbranchofthe
faciala.

vagus(X),viathe ascending
pharyngeal
pharyngeala.
plexus

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nasalispars
transversa

maxillaabovethe
incisorteeth

midline
aponeurosis

flattensthenose

buccalbranchof
facialnerve(VII)

obliquearytenoid

muscularprocess
ofthearytenoid
cartilage

posteriorsurfaceof
thecontralateral
arytenoidcartilage,
nearitsapex

drawsarytenoid
cartilagestogether,
adductingthevocal
folds

inferiorlaryngeal laryngealbr.ofthe
nerve,from
superiorthyroida.
recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchoftheof
vagus(X)

oblique,inferior

flooroftheorbit
lateraltothe
lacrimalgroove

scleraonthe
inferiorsurfaceof
theeyeball

elevatesand
oculomotornerve ophthalmica.
abductsthecorneal (III),inferior
partoftheeye
division
rotatesthesuperior
poleoftheiris
laterallywhenthe
eyeisadducted,
thismuscleelevates
thecornea

oblique,superior

apexoftheorbit
abovetheoptic
canal

scleraonthe
posteriorsuperior
surfaceofthe
eyeball

depressesand
trochlearnerve
abductstheeyeball (IV)
rotatesthesuperior
poleoftheiris
medially

occipitalis

superiornuchal
line

galeaaponeurotica pullsthescalp
posterior
posteriorlyelevates auricularbranch
theeyebrows
ofthefacial
nerve(VII)

occipitofrontalis

frontalis:galea
aponeurotica
occipitalis:
superiornuchal
line

frontalis:skinofthe
eyebrows
occipitalis:galea
aponeurotica

elevatesthe
eyebrowsand
wrinklesthe
forehead

omohyoid

inferiorbelly:
upperborderof
thescapula
medialtothe
scapularnotch
superiorbelly:
intermediate
tendon

inferiorbelly:
intermediate
tendonsuperior
belly:lowerborder
ofthehyoidbone
lateraltothe
sternohyoid
insertion

depresses/stabilizes ansacervicalis
thehyoidbone

transversecervical
a.

orbicularisoculi

orbitalpart:medial
orbitalmarginand
themedial
palpebral
ligament
palpebralpart:
medialpalpebral
ligament

orbitalpart:skinof
thelateralcheek
palpebralpart:
lateralpalpebral
raphe

closestheeyelids

supraorbitala.,
supratrochleara.,
infraorbitala.,
angularbranchof
thefaciala.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

frontalis:
temporal
branchesofthe
facialnerve(VII)
occipitalis:
posterior
auricularbranch
ofthefacial
nerve(VII)

temporal&
zygomatic
branchesofthe
facialnerve(VII)

superiorlabial
branchofthefacial
a.

ophthalmica.

occipitala.

frontalis:
supraorbitaland
supratrochlearaa.
occipitalis:occipital
a.

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orbicularisoris

skinandfasciaof
lipsandthearea
surroundingthe
lips

skinandfasciaof
thelips

pursesthelips

buccalbranchof
thefacialnerve
(VII)

superiorandinferior
labialbranchesof
thefaciala.,mental
a.,infraorbitala.

palatoglossus

palatine
aponeurosis

sideofthetongue,
enteringitfrom
above

elevatesand
retractsthetongue

vagusnerve(X)
viathe
pharyngeal
plexus

tonsilarbranchof
thefaciala.,
ascending
pharyngeala.

palatopharyngeus

posteriormargin
ofthebonypalate
andthepalatine
aponeurosis

posteriorwallof
thepharynxand
theposterior
marginofthe
thyroidcartilage

elevatesthelarynx

vagusnerve(X)
viapharyngeal
plexus

ascending
pharyngeala.

platysma

fasciaoverlying
thepectoralis
majoranddeltoid
muscles

inferiorborderof
themandibleand
skinoflowerface

drawsthecorners
cervicalbranchof faciala.
ofthemouthdown thefacialnerve
itaidsindepression (VII)
ofthemandible

posterior
cricoarytenoid

posteriorsurface
ofthelaminaof
thecricoid
cartilage

muscularprocess
ofthearytenoid
cartilage

drawsthemuscular
processposteriorly,
whichpivotsthe
arytenoidcartilage
andabductsthe
vocalfolds

posteriorscalene

posteriortubercles lateralsurfaceof
ofthetransverse thesecondrib
processesof
vertebraeC5C7

elevatesthesecond brachialplexus,
ribflexesand
C7C8
laterallybendsthe
neck

ascendingcervical
a.

procerus

nasalbone

skinbetweenthe
eyebrows

depressesthe
medialcornersof
theeyebrows

temporalbranch
ofthefacial
nerve(VII)

supratrochleara.

pterygoid,lateral

superiorhead:
greaterwingofthe
sphenoidbone
inferiorhead:
lateralsurfaceof
thelateral
pterygoidplate

superiorhead:
capsuleand&
articulardiskofthe
temporomandibular
jointinferiorhead:
neckofthe
mandible

protractsthe
mandibleopensthe
mouthactivein
grindingactionsof
chewing

lateralpterygoid
branchofthe
mandibular
divisionofthe
trigeminalnerve
(V)

pterygoidbranchof
themaxillarya.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

inferiorlaryngeal
nerve,fromthe
recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchofthe
vagusnerve(X)

superiorlaryngeal
a.,cricothyroid
branchofthe
superiorthyroida.

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pterygoid,medial

medialsurfaceof
thelateral
pterygoidplate,
pyramidalprocess
ofthepalatine
bone,tuberosityof
themaxilla

pupillae,dilator

elevatesand
protractsthe
mandible

medialpterygoid
branchofthe
mandibular
divisionofthe
trigeminalnerve
(V)

pterygoidbranchof
themaxillarya.

outermarginofiris innermarginofiris

dilatesthepupil

sympathetic
fibersviashort
ciliarynerves,
synapsingin
superiorcervical
sympathetic
ganglion

ophthalmica.

pupillae,sphincter

encirclesiris

encirclesiris

constrictsthepupil

parasympathetic ophthalmica.
fibersof
oculomotornerve
(III),synapsingin
ciliaryganglion

rectuscapitis
anterior

lateralmassof
atlas

basilarportionof
occipitalbone

flexesthehead

ventralprimary
ramusofspinal
nerveC1

deepcervicala.

rectuscapitis
lateralis

transverse
processofatlas

occipitalbone
anterolateralto
foramenmagnum

laterallybendsthe
head

ventralprimary
ramusofspinal
nerveC1

deepcervicala.

rectus,inferior

common
tendinousringat
theapexofthe
orbit

scleraonthe
inferiorsurfaceof
theeyeball

depressesand
oculomotornerve ophthalmica.
adductsthecorneal (III),inferior
partoftheeyeball division
rotatesthesuperior
poleoftheiris
laterally

rectus,lateral

common
tendinousringat
theapexofthe
orbit

scleraonthe
lateralsurfaceof
theeyeball

abductsthecorneal abducensnerve
partoftheeyeball
(VI)

rectus,medial

common
tendinousringat
theapexofthe
orbit

scleraonthe
medialsurfaceof
theeyeball

adductsthecorneal oculomotornerve ophthalmica.

partoftheeyeball
(III)(inferior
division)

rectus,superior

common
tendinousringat
theapexofthe
orbit

scleraonthe
elevatesand
oculomotornerve ophthalmica.
superiorsurfaceof adductstheeyeball (III),superior
theeyeball
rotatesthesuperior division
poleoftheiris
medially

risorius

fasciaofthe
lateralcheek

skinoftheangle
(corner)ofthe
mouth

drawsthecornerof
themouthlaterally

buccalbranches
ofthefacial
nerve(VII)

transversefaciala.,
faciala.

pharyngealwall
andsuperior
borderofthe
thyroidcartilage
alongwiththe
palatopharyngeus
m.

elevatesthelarynx

vagusnerve(X)
viathe
pharyngeal
plexus

ascending
pharyngeala.

salpingopharyngeus inferiorsurfaceof
theanteromedial
endoftheauditory
tubecartilage

medialsurfaceof
theramusand
angleofthe
mandible

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

ophthalmica.

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scalene,anterior

anteriortubercles
ofthetransverse
processesof
vertebraeC3C6

scalenetubercleof elevatesthefirstrib brachialplexus,

thefirstrib
flexesandlaterally C5C7
bendstheneck

ascendingcervical
a.,abranchofthe
thyrocervicaltrunk

scalene,middle

posteriortubercles
ofthetransverse
processesof
vertebraeC2C7

uppersurfaceof
thefirstribbehind
thesubclavian
artery

elevatesthefirstrib brachialplexus,
flexesandlaterally C3C8
bendstheneck

ascendingcervical
a.

scalene,posterior

posteriortubercles lateralsurfaceof
ofthetransverse thesecondrib
processesof
vertebraeC5C7

elevatesthesecond brachialplexus,
ribflexesand
C7C8
laterallybendsthe
neck

ascendingcervical
a.

sphenomeniscus

greaterwingofthe capsuleand
sphenoid
articulardiskofthe
temporomandibular
joint

pullsthearticular
diskforwardin
openingofthe
mouth

lateralpterygoid
branchof
mandibular
divisionof
trigeminalnerve
(V)

pterygoidbranchof
themaxillarya.

sphincterpupillae

encirclesiris

encirclesiris

constrictsthepupil

parasympathetic ophthalmica.
fibersof
oculomotornerve
(III),synapsingin
ciliaryganglion

splenius

ligamentum
nuchaeand
spinesC7T6

capitis:mastoid
process&superior
nuchalline
laterallycervicis:
posteriortubercles
ofC13

extendsand
dorsalprimary
laterallybendsneck ramiofspinal
andheadrotates
nervesC26
headtosameside

supplied
segmentallyby:
deepcervicala.,
posteriorintercostal
aa.

stapedius

wallsofthe
pyramidal
eminence

neckofthestapes

dampensvibration
ofthestapes

anteriortympanica.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

facialnerve(VII)

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sternocleidomastoid sternalhead:
anteriorsurfaceof
themanubrium
clavicularhead:
medial1/3rdofthe
clavicle

mastoidprocess
andlateral1/2of
thesuperiornuchal
line

sternohyoid

posteriorsurfaces
ofboththe
manubriumand
sternalendofthe
clavicle

lowerborderofthe depresses/stabilizes ansacervicalis

hyoidbone,medial thehyoidbone
totheomohyoidm.
insertion

sternothyroid

posteriorsurface obliquelineofthe
ofthemanubrium thyroidcartilage
belowtheoriginof
thesternohyoidm.

depresses/stabilizes ansacervicalis
thehyoidbone

superiorthyroida.

styloglossus

anteriorsideofthe posterolateralside
styloidprocess
ofthetongue

retractsand
hypoglossal
elevatesthetongue nerve(XII)

ascending
pharyngeala.,
ascendingpalatine
branchofthefacial
a.

stylohyoid

posteriorsideof
splitsaroundthe
thestyloidprocess intermediate
tendonofthe
digastricm.to
insertonthebody
ofthehyoidbone

elevatesand
retractsthehyoid
bone

ascending
pharyngeala.

stylopharyngeus

medialsideofthe
styloidprocess

superiorborderof elevatesthelarynx
thethyroid
cartilageandalso
intothepharyngeal
wall

superioroblique

apexoftheorbit
abovetheoptic
canal

scleraonthe
posteriorsuperior
surfaceofthe
eyeball

superiorpharyngeal medialpterygoid
constrictor
plate,pterygoid
hamulus,
pterygomandibular
raphe,mylohyoid
lineofmandible

drawsthemastoid
processdown
towardthesame
sidewhichcauses
thechintoturnup
towardtheopposite
sideacting
together,the
musclesofthetwo
sidesflextheneck

spinalaccessory sternocleidomastoid
nerve(XI),with
branchofthe
sensorysupply
occipitala.
fromC2&C3(for
proprioception)

facialnerve(VII)

glossopharyngeal ascending
nerve(IX)
pharyngeala.

depressesand
trochlearnerve
abductstheeyeball (IV)
rotatesthesuperior
poleoftheiris
medially

pharyngeal
constrictsthe
tubercleand
pharyngealcavity
midlinepharyngeal
raphe

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

superiorthyroida.

ophthalmica.

vagus(X),viathe ascending
pharyngeal
pharyngeala.
plexus

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superiorrectus

common
tendinousringat
theapexofthe
orbit

scleraonthe
elevatesand
oculomotornerve ophthalmica.
superiorsurfaceof adductstheeyeball (III),superior
theeyeball
rotatesthesuperior division
poleoftheiris
medially

temporalis

temporalfossa
andthetemporal
fascia

coronoidprocess
ofthemandible
andtheanterior
surfaceofthe
ramusofthe
mandible

tensortympani

cartilagenous
manubriumofthe
auditorytubeand malleus
thegreaterwingof
thesphenoidbone
whichlies
adjacenttoit

dampensvibrations medialpterygoid
ofthetympanic
branchofthe
membrane
mandibular
divisionofthe
trigeminalnerve
(V)

superiortympanic
branchofthe
middlemeningeal
a.

tensorvelipalatini

scaphoidfossa,
lateralwallofthe
auditorytube
cartilage

openstheauditory mandibular
tubetensesthesoft divisionofthe
palate
trigeminalnerve
(V)

ascending
pharyngeala.

thyroarytenoid

innersurfaceof
lateralborderof
thethyroid
thearytenoid
cartilageanteriorly cartilage

drawsthearytenoid
cartilageforward,
relaxingand
adductingthevocal
folds

inferiorlaryngeal
nerve,from
recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchofthe
vagusnerve(X)

laryngealbranchof
thesuperiorthyroid
a.

thyroepiglottic

innersurfaceof
thethyroid
cartilagenearthe
laryngeal
prominence

lateralsurfaceof
theepiglottic
cartilage

drawstheepiglottic
cartilagedownward

inferiorlaryngeal
nerve,from
recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchofthe
vagusnerve(X)

laryngealbranchof
thesuperiorthyroid
a.

thyrohyoid

obliquelineofthe
thyroidcartilage

lowerborderofthe elevatesthelarynx ansacervicalis

hyoidbone
depresses/stabilizes (viafibers
thehyoidbone
runningwiththe
hypoglossal
nervethatleave
XIIdistaltothe
superiorlimbof
ansa)

palatine
aponeurosis

elevatesthe
mandibleretracts
themandible
(posteriorfibers)

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

anteriorand
posteriordeep
temporalnerves
fromthe
mandibular
divisionofthe
trigeminalnerve
(V)

anteriorand
posteriordeep
temporalaa.

superiorthyroida.

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trachealis

posterioredgeof
thetracheal
cartilage

posterioredgeof
constrictsthe
thetracheal
bronchiandtrachea
cartilageofother
side(joinstracheal
ringsposteriorly)

preganglionic
parasympathetic
fibersfromthe
vagus(X)nerve

inferiorthyroida.,
bronchialaa.

transverse
arytenoid

posteriorsurface
ofthearytenoid
cartilage

posteriorsurfaceof drawsarytenoid
thecontralateral
cartilagestogether,
arytenoidcartilage adductingthevocal
folds

inferiorlaryngeal
nerve,from
recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchofthe
vagusnerve(X)

laryngealbr.ofthe
superiorthyroida.

transverse
arytenoid

posteriorsurface
ofthearytenoid
cartilage

posteriorsurfaceof drawsarytenoid
thecontralateral
cartilagestogether,
arytenoidcartilage adductingthevocal
folds

inferiorlaryngeal
nerve,from
recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchofthe
vagusnerve(X)

laryngealbr.ofthe
superiorthyroida.

vocalis

surfaceofthe
thyroidcartilage,
vocalprocessof
thearytenoid
cartilage

vocalligament

inferiorlaryngeal
nerve,fromthe
recurrent
laryngealnerve,
abranchofthe
vagusnerve(X)

laryngealbr.ofthe
superiorthyroida.

zygomaticusmajor

upperlateral
surfaceofthe
zygomaticbone

skinoftheangleof elevatesanddraws
themouth
thecornerofthe
mouthlaterally

zygomaticand
buccalbranches
ofthefacial
nerve(VII)

transversefaciala.,
faciala.

zygomaticusminor

lowersurfaceof
thezygomatic
bone

lateralpartofthe
upperlip

buccalbranchof
thefacialnerve
(VII)

transversefaciala.,
faciala.

relaxessegmentsof
thevocalligament,
therebyadjusting
pitch

elevatestheupper
lip

MusclesoftheThoracicRegionListedAlphabetically
Muscle

Origin

diaphragm

xiphoidprocess,
costalmargin,fascia
overthequadratus
lumborumandpsoas
majormm.(lateral&
medialarcuate
ligaments),vertebral
bodiesL1L3

Insertion
central
tendonof
the
diaphragm

Action

Innervation

pushesthe
phrenic
abdominal
nerve(C3
viscera
C5)
inferiorly,
increasingthe
volumeofthe
thoraciccavity
(inspiration)

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

Artery

Notes

musculophrenic
a.,superior
phrenica.,
inferiorphrenic
a.

leftcrus
attachestothe
L1L2vertebral
bodies,theright
crusattachesto
theL1L3
vertebralbodies

Image

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external
intercostal

lowerborderofarib
withinanintercostal
space

upper
borderof
therib
below,
coursing,
downward
and
medially

keepsthe
intercostal
spacefrom
blowingoutor
suckingin
during
respiration

intercostal intercostala.
nerves(T1
T11)

11innumber
theyextendfrom
thetubercleof
theribtothe
costochondral
junction
continuouswith
theexternal
intercostal
membrane
anteriorly

innermost
intercostal

upperbordersofa
rib

fibers
courseup
and
mediallyto
inserton
theinferior
marginof
therib
above

keepsthe
intercostal
spacefrom
blowingoutor
suckingin
during
respiration

intercostal intercostala.
nerves(T1
T11)

innermost
intercostalmm.
havethesame
fiberdirectionas
theinternal
intercostalmm.,
theonly
differencebeing
thattheylie
deeptothe
intercostal
neurovascular
bundle

internal
intercostal

upperborderofarib lower
borderofrib
above,
coursingup
and
medially

keepsthe
intercostal
spacefrom
blowingoutor
suckingin
during
respiration

intercostal intercostala.
nerves(T1
T11)

11innumber
theyextendfrom
themarginof
thesternumto
theangleofthe
ribcontinuous
posteriorlywith
theinternal
intercostal
membrane

levatores
costarum

transverse
processesC7T11

ribbelowits elevatesthe
origin,
rib
medialto
theangle

dorsal
primary
ramiof
spinal
nervesC7
T11

deepcervical
a.,intercostal
aa.

thesearefairly
smalland
insignificant
muscles

subcostalis angleofribs

angleofa
rib23ribs
above
origin

compresses
theintercostal
spaces

intercostal
nerves

intercostala.

subcostalis,
transversus
thoracis&
innermost
intercostalmm.
makeupthe
deepest
intercostal
musclelayer

transversus posteriorsurfaceof
thoracis
thesternum

inner
surfacesof
costal
cartilages
26

compresses
thethoraxfor
forced
expiration

intercostal
nerves26

internal
thoracica.

transversus
thoracis,
subcostalis&
innermost
intercostalmm.
makeupthe
innermost
intercostal
musclelayer

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

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MusclesoftheAbdominalRegionListedAlphabetically
Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Innervation

Artery

Notes

cremaster

inguinal
ligament

formsthin
networkof
muscle
fascicles
aroundthe
spermatic
cordand
testis(or
aroundthe
distalportion
oftheround
ligamentof
theuterus)

elevates
testis(not
well
developed
infemales)

genitalbranch
ofthe
genitofemoral
nerve

cremasterica.,a
branchofthe
inferior
epigastrica.

thecremasterm.
isinternal
abdominaloblique
muscle's
contributiontothe
coveringsofthe
spermaticcord
andtestisthe
cremastericreflex
maybeelicitedby
strokingthemedial
thigh(wherethe
femoralbranchof
thegenitofemoral
n.distributes
cutaneously)
(Greek,cremaster
=suspender)

dartos

subcutaneous
connective
tissueofthe
scrotumand
thepenis(or
labiummajus
andclitoris)

skinofthe
scrotumand
penis(or
labium
majusand
clitoris)

elevates
testis
(tensesthe
skinofthe
pudendal
regionin
thefemale)

postganglionic cremasterica.,
sympathetic
posteriorscrotal
nervefibers
(labial)a.
arrivingvia
theilioinguinal
nerveandthe
posterior
scrotalnerve

thedartoselevates
thetestisin
responsetocold(it
ismodified
arrectorpilifibers,
orthegoosebump
muscles)(Latin,
dartos=leather)

external
abdominal
oblique

lower8ribs

lineaalba,
pubiccrest
&tubercle,
anterior
superioriliac
spine&
anteriorhalf
ofiliaccrest

flexesand
laterally
bendsthe
trunk

intercostal
nerves711,
subcostal,
iliohypogastric
and
ilioinguinal
nerves

theinguinal
ligamentisa
specializationof
theexternal
abdominaloblique
aponeurosisthe
externalspermatic
fasciaisthe
externalabdominal
obliquemuscle's
contributiontothe
coveringsofthe
testisand
spermaticcord

interfoveolar transversus
abdominis
fibersthatlie
superficialto
theinferior
epigastric
vessels

musculophrenic
a.,superior
epigastrica.,
intercostalaa.7
11,subcostala.,
lumbaraa.,
superficial
circumflexiliac
a.,deep
circumflexiliac
a.,superficial
epigastrica.,
inferior
epigastrica.,
superficial
external
pudendala.

anterior
compresses iliohypogastric inferior
laminaof
abdominal and
epigastrica.
femoral
contents
ilioinguinal
sheath,
nerves
immediately
distalto
originof
inferior
epigastric
vessels

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

aninconstantpart
ofthetransversus
abdominism.
whichmaybe
replacedbya
ligament
(interfoveolar
ligament)

Image

Image
Not
Available

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internal
abdominal
oblique

thoracolumbar
fascia,
anterior2/3of
theiliaccrest,
lateral2/3of
theinguinal
ligament

lower3or4
ribs,linea
alba,pubic
crest

flexesand
laterally
bendsthe
trunk

intercostal
nerves711,
subcostal,
iliohypogastric
and
ilioinguinal
nerves

musculophrenic
a.,superior
epigastrica.,
intercostalaa.7
11,subcostala.,
lumbaraa.,
superficial
circumflexiliac
a.,deep
circumflexiliac
a.,superficial
epigastrica.,
inferior
epigastrica.,
superficial
external
pudendala.

anteriorfibersof
internalabdominal
obliquecourseup
andmedially,
perpendicularto
thefibersof
externalabdominal
obliquethe
cremastermuscle
andfasciaisthe
internalabdominal
obliquemuscle's
contributiontothe
coveringsofthe
testisand
spermaticcord

oblique,
external
abdominal

lower8ribs

lineaalba,
pubiccrest
&tubercle,
anterior
superioriliac
spine&
anteriorhalf
ofiliaccrest

flexesand
laterally
bendsthe
trunk

intercostal
nerves711,
subcostal,
iliohypogastric
and
ilioinguinal
nerves

musculophrenic
a.,superior
epigastrica.,
intercostalaa.7
11,subcostala.,
lumbaraa.,
superficial
circumflexiliac
a.,deep
circumflexiliac
a.,superficial
epigastrica.,
inferior
epigastrica.,
superficial
external
pudendala.

theinguinal
ligamentisa
specializationof
theexternal
abdominaloblique
aponeurosisthe
externalspermatic
fasciaisthe
externalabdominal
obliquemuscle's
contributiontothe
coveringsofthe
testisand
spermaticcord

oblique,
internal
abdominal

thoracolumbar
fascia,
anterior2/3of
theiliaccrest,
lateral2/3of
theinguinal
ligament

lower3or4
ribs,linea
alba,pubic
crest

flexesand
laterally
bendsthe
trunk

intercostal
nerves711,
subcostal,
iliohypogastric
and
ilioinguinal
nerves

musculophrenic
a.,superior
epigastrica.,
intercostalaa.7
11,subcostala.,
lumbaraa.,
superficial
circumflexiliac
a.,deep
circumflexiliac
a.,superficial
epigastrica.,
inferior
epigastrica.,
superficial
external
pudendala.

anteriorfibersof
internalabdominal
obliquecourseup
andmedially,
perpendicularto
thefibersof
externalabdominal
obliquethe
cremastermuscle
andfasciaisthe
internalabdominal
obliquemuscle's
contributiontothe
coveringsofthe
testisand
spermaticcord

lesser
trochanterof
femur(with
iliacus)via
iliopsoas
tendon

flexesthe
thighflexes
&laterally
bendsthe
lumbar
vertebral
column

branchesof
theventral
primaryrami
ofspinal
nervesL2L4

subcostala.,
lumbaraa.

thegenitofemoral
nervepiercesthe
anteriorsurfaceof
thepsoasmajor
m.(Greek,psoas
=themusclesof
theloins)

psoasmajor bodiesand
transverse
processesof
lumbar
vertebrae

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

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psoasminor bodiesofthe
T12&L1
vertebrae

iliopubic
eminenceat
thelineof
junctionof
theiliumand
thesuperior
pubicramus

flexes&
laterally
bendsthe
lumbar
vertebral
column

branchesof
theventral
primaryrams
ofspinal
nervesL1L2

lumbaraa.

absentin40%of
cases(Greek,
psoas=the
musclesofthe
loins)

pyramidalis

pubis,anterior lineaalba
totherectus
abdominis

drawsthe
lineaalba
inferiorly

subcostal
nerve

subcostala.,
inferior
epigastrica.

thepyramidalism.
isnotalways
present

quadratus
lumborum

posteriorpart
oftheiliac
crestandthe
iliolumbar
ligament

laterally
bendsthe
trunk,fixes
the12thrib

subcostal
nerveand
ventral
primaryrami
ofspinal
nervesL1L4

subcostala.,
lumbaraa.

thelateralarcuate
ligamentofthe
diaphragmcrosses
theanterior
surfaceofthe
quadratus
lumborumm.

rectus
abdominis

pubisandthe xiphoid
flexesthe
pubic
processof
trunk
symphysis
thesternum
andcostal
cartilages5
7

intercostal
nerves711
andsubcostal
nerve

superior
epigastrica.
intercostalaa.,
subcostala.,
inferior
epigastrica.

rectussheath
containsrectus
abdominisandis
formedbythe
aponeurosesof
externaland
internaloblique
andtransversus
abdominismm.

musculophrenic
a.,superior
epigastrica.,
intercostalaa.7
11,subcostala.,
lumbaraa.,
superficial
circumflexiliac
a.,deep
circumflexiliac
a.,superficial
epigastrica.,
inferior
epigastrica.,
superficial
external
pudendala.

transversus
abdominismuscle
doesnot
contributetothe
coveringsofthe
spermaticcord
andtestis
transversalis
fascia,thedeep
fasciathatcovers
theinnersurface
ofthetransversus
abdominis,forms
theinternal
spermaticfascia

transversus lower6ribs,
abdominis
thoracolumbar
fascia,
anterior3/4of
theiliaccrest,
lateral1/3of
inguinal
ligament

transverse
processesof
lumbar
vertebrae1
4andthe
12thrib

lineaalba,
pubiccrest
andpecten
ofthepubis

flexesand intercostal
laterally
nerves711,
bendstrunk subcostal,
iliohypogastric
and
ilioinguinal
nerves

MusclesofthePelvisandPerineumListedAlphabetically
Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Innervation

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

Artery

Notes

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analsphincter,
external

perinealbody
orcentral
tendinous
pointofthe
perineum

encirclesthe
constricts
analcanal
theanal
superficial
canal
fibersattachto
thecoccyx

inferiorrectal
inferior
nerves(fromthe rectala.
pudendalnerve)

skeletal(voluntary)
muscle,as
contrastedwith
sphincterani
internus,whichis
smooth
(involuntary)
musclethe
externalanal
sphincteris
consideredpartof
thepelvic
diaphragm

analsphincter,
internal

encirclesthe
analcanal

encirclesthe
analcanal

constricts
theanal
canal

parasympathetic middle
fibersfromS4
rectala.

smoothmuscle
(involuntary),as
contrastedwith
sphincterani
externus,whichis
skeletalmuscle
(voluntary)

bulbospongiosus, perinealbody
infemale
andfasciaof
thebulbofthe
vestibule

perineal
membraneand
corpus
cavernosumof
theclitoris

compresses
the
vestibular
bulband
constricts
thevaginal
orifice

deepbranchof perineal
theperineal
a.
nerve(from
pudendalnerve)

skeletalmuscle

bulbospongiosus, central
inmale
tendinous
pointandthe
midlineraphe
onthebulbof
thepenis

perineal
membrane,
dorsalsurface
ofthecorpus
spongiosum,
deeppenile
fascia

compresses
thebulbof
thepenis,
compresses
thespongy
urethra

deepbranchof perineal
theperineal
a.
nerve(from
pudendalnerve)

expelsthelast
dropsofurinefrom
urethraexpels
semenduring
ejaculation

coccygeus

ischialspine

sideofthe
coccyxand
lowersacrum

elevatesthe branchesofthe
pelvicfloor ventralprimary
ramiofspinal
nervesS3S4

inferior
coccygeusand
gluteala. levatorani
combinedformthe
pelvicdiaphragm

deeptransverse
perineus

medialsurface contralateral
oftheischial
muscleand
ramus
perineal
body/central
tendinouspoint

fixesand
stabilizes
theperineal
body/central
tendinous
point

internal superficialand
pudendal deeptransverse
a.
perineusmuscles
areseparatedby
theperineal
membrane

detruserof
bladder

smooth
muscleinthe
wallofthe
urinary
bladder

compresses parasympathetic superior

theurinary nervefibers
and
bladder
fromthepelvic inferior
splanchnic
vesical
nerves(S2S4
aa.
spinalcord
levels)

fasciclesare
arranged
roughlyin
threelayers

deepbranchof
perinealnerve
frompudendal
nerve

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

musclesinthe
neckofbladder
mustcontractand
causetheinternal
urethralorificeto
openbeforethe
detrusermuscle
canvoidthe
bladder(Latin,
detruser=topush
down)

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iliococcygeus

UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyMusclesTables

arcus
anococcygeal
tendineus
rapheandthe
levatorani
coccyx
andtheischial
spine

elevatesthe branchesofthe
pelvicfloor ventralprimary
ramiofspinal
nervesS3S4

inferior
thecombinationof
gluteala. puborectalis,
pubococcygeus
andiliococcygeus
iscalledthe
levatoranim.

ischiocavernosus medialsurface
oftheischial
tuberosityand
the
ischiopubic
ramus

corpus
compresses deepbranchof perineal
cavernosum
thecorpus theperineal
a.
andcrusofthe cavernosum nerve(from
penis/clitoris
pudendalnerve)

levatorani

anococcygeal
rapheand
coccyx

elevatesthe branchesofthe
pelvicfloor ventralprimary
ramiofspinal
nervesS3S4

inferior
thecombinationof
gluteala. puborectalis,
pubococcygeus&
iliococcygeusis
thelevatoranim.
coccygeusand
levatorani
combinedformthe
pelvicdiaphragm
(Latin,levator=to
lift)

fasciaofthe
prostate

elevatesthe branchesofthe
prostate
ventralprimary
ramiofspinal
nervesS3S4

inferior
levatorprostataeis
gluteala. partofthe
puborectalism.
(Latin,levator=to
lift)

posterior
surfaceofthe
bodyofthe
pubis,fascia
ofthe
obturator
internusm.
(arcus
tendineus
levatorani),
ischialspine

levatorprostatae posterior
aspectofthe
pubis

ischiocavernosus
m.isclosely
appliedtothe
surfaceofthecrus
penis/clitoris

pubococcygeus

posterior
coccyx
aspectofthe
superiorpubic
ramis

elevatesthe branchesofthe
pelvicfloor ventralprimary
ramiofspinal
nervesS3S4

inferior
thecombinationof
gluteala. puborectalis,
pubococcygeus
andiliococcygeus
iscalledthe
levatoranim.

puborectalis

posterior
aspectofthe
bodyofthe
pubis

uniteswiththe
puborectalism.
ofotherside
posteriortothe
rectum

drawsthe
distal
rectum
forwardand
superiorly
aidsin
voluntary
retentionof
feces

branchesofthe
ventralprimary
ramiofspinal
nervesS3S4

inferior
thecombinationof
gluteala. puborectalis,
pubococcygeus
andiliococcygeus
iscalledthe
levatoranim.

pubovaginalis

posterior
aspectofthe
bodyofthe
pubis

fasciaofthe
vaginaand
perinealbody

drawsthe
vagina
forwardand
superiorly

branchesofthe
ventralprimary
ramiofspinal
nervesS3S4

inferior
pubovaginalisis
gluteala. partofthelevator
animuscle

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

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sphincterani
externus

perinealbody
orcentral
tendinous
pointofthe
perineum

encirclesthe
constricts
analcanal
theanal
superficial
canal
fibersattachto
thecoccyx

inferiorrectal
inferior
nerves(fromthe rectala.
pudendalnerve)

skeletal(voluntary)
muscle,as
contrastedwith
sphincterani
internus,whichis
smooth
(involuntary)
musclethe
externalanal
sphincteris
consideredpartof
thepelvic
diaphragm

sphincterani
internus

encirclesthe
analcanal

encirclesthe
analcanal

constricts
theanal
canal

parasympathetic middle
fibersfromS4
rectala.

smoothmuscle
(involuntary),as
contrastedwith
sphincterani
externus,whichis
skeletalmuscle
(voluntary)

sphincter
urethrae,in
female

encirclesthe
urethra

encircles
urethraand
vagina
extends
superiorly
alongthe
urethraasfar
astheinferior
surfaceofthe
bladder

compresses deepbranchof
urethraand perinealnerve
vagina
frompudendal
nerve

internal skeletalmuscle
pudendal
a.

encircles
compresses deepbranchof
urethra,
urethra
perinealnerve
reacheslateral
frompudendal
surfaceof
nerve
prostateand
inferiorbladder

internal skeletalmuscle
pudendal
a.

sphincter
encirclesthe
urethrae,inmale urethra

superficial
transverse
perineus

medialsurface contralateral
oftheischial
muscleandthe
ramus
perineal
body/central
tendinouspoint

fixesand
stabilizes
perineal
body/central
tendinous
point

deepbranchof
perinealnerve
frompudendal
nerve

perineal
a.

superficialand
deeptransverse
perineusmuscles
areseparatedby
theperineal
membrane

transverse
perineus,deep

medialsurface contralateral
oftheischial
muscleand
ramus
perineal
body/central
tendinouspoint

fixesand
stabilizes
theperineal
body/central
tendinous
point

deepbranchof
perinealnerve
frompudendal
nerve

internal superficialand
pudendal deeptransverse
a.
perineusmuscles
areseparatedby
theperineal
membrane

transverse
perineus,
superficial

medialsurface contralateral
oftheischial
muscleandthe
ramus
perineal
body/central
tendinouspoint

fixesand
stabilizes
perineal
body/central
tendinous
point

deepbranchof
perinealnerve
frompudendal
nerve

perineal
a.

superficialand
deeptransverse
perineusmuscles
areseparatedby
theperineal
membrane

MusclesoftheLowerLimbListedAlphabetically
http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

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Muscle

Origin

Insertion

abductordigiti
minimi(foot)

medialand
lateralsidesof
thetuberosity
ofthe
calcaneus

lateralsideof
thebaseofthe
proximal
phalanxofthe
5thdigit

abductorhallucis

medialsideof
thetuberosity
ofcalcaneus

medialsideof
thebaseofthe
proximal
phalanxofthe
greattoe
(hallux)

adductorbrevis

Innervation

Artery

abductsthe5thtoe
flexesthe
metatarsophalageal
joint

lateralplantar
nerve

lateral
plantara.

abductordigiti
minimiformsthe
lateralmarginof
thesoleofthefoot

abductsthegreat
toeflexesthe
metatarsophalageal
joint

medialplantar
nerve

medial
plantara.

abductorhallucis
formsthemedial
marginofthesole
ofthefoot(Latin,
hallex=greattoe)

inferiorpubic
ramus

pectinealline
adducts,flexes,and
andlinea
mediallyrotatesthe
aspera(deepto femur
thepectineus
andadductor
longusmm.)

anterior
divisionofthe
obturator
nerve

obturator
a.,deep
femorala.

anteriorand
posteriordivisions
oftheobturator
nervelieonthe
anteriorand
posteriorsurfaces
ofadductorbrevis

adductorhallucis

obliquehead:
basesof
metatarsals2
4transverse
head:headsof
metatarsals3
5

lateralsideof
baseofthe
proximal
phalanxofthe
greattoe

adductsthegreattoe deepbranchof plantar

(movesittoward
thelateral
arterial
midlineofthefoot
plantarnerve arch
i.e.towardthe2nd
digit)

theplantararterial
archpasses
superiortothe
obliqueheadof
adductorhallucis
(Latin,hallex=
greattoe)

adductorlongus

medialportion
ofthesuperior
pubicramus

lineaasperaof
thefemur

adducts,flexes,and
mediallyrotatesthe
femur

anterior
divisionofthe
obturator
nerve

obturator
a.,deep
femorala.

themostanteriorof
theadductorgroup
ofmuscles

adductormagnus

ischiopubic
ramusand
ischial
tuberosity

lineaasperaof
thefemurthe
ischiocondylar
partinsertson
theadductor
tubercleofthe
femur

adducts,flexes,and
mediallyrotatesthe
femurextendsthe
femur(ischiocondylar
part)

posterior
divisionofthe
obturator
nervetibial
nerve
(ischiocondylar
part)

obturator
a.,deep
femorala.,
medial
femoral
circumflex
a.

theischiocondylar
partofadductor
magnusisa
hamstringmuscle
byembryonicorigin
andaction,soitis
innervatedbythe
tibialnerve

posterior
divisionofthe
obturator
nerve

obturator
a.,medial
femoral
circumflex
a.,deep
femorala.

adductorminimus

glutealridge
lowerportionof andupperpart
theinferior
ofthelinea
pubicramus
asperaofthe
femur

Action

adductsandlaterally
rotatesthefemur

Notes

adductorminimus
m.isthe
uppermostfibersof
theadductor
magnusm.

articularisgenu

anterior
surfaceofthe
femurabove
thepatellar
surface

articular
capsuleofthe
knee

elevatesthearticular
capsuleoftheknee
joint

femoralnerve

descending articularisgenuis
genicular
formedbymuscle
a.
fasciclesdeepto
thevastus
intermediusm.

bicepsfemoris

longhead:
ischial
tuberosity
shorthead:
laterallipofthe
lineaaspera

headoffibula
andlateral
condyleofthe
tibia

extendsthethigh,
flexestheleg

longhead:
tibialnerve
shorthead:
common
fibular
(peroneal)
nerve

perforating oneofthe
branches
"hamstring"
ofthedeep muscles
femorala.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

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dorsal
shaftsof
interosseous(foot) adjacent
metatarsal
bones

basesofthe
proximal
phalangesfor
digit2(both
sides)&digits
3,4(lateralside)

abductdigits24
deepbranchof dorsal
(movethesedigits
thelateral
metatarsal
awayfrommidlineas plantarnerve aa.
definedbyaplane
passingthroughthe
2nddigit)flexthe
metatarsophalangeal
jointsandextendthe
interphalangealjoints
ofthosedigits

fourinnumber
rememberDAB
(Dorsalinterossei
ABduct)andPAD
(Plantarinterossei
ADduct),thenlogic
cantellyouwhere
thesemuscles
insert(Latin,inter=
between+os=
bone)

extensordigitorum superolateral
brevis
surfaceofthe
calcaneus

extensor
expansionof
toes14

extendstoes14

deepfibular
(peroneal)
nerve

dorsalis
pedisa.

thepartofthe
extensordigitorum
brevisthatgoesto
thegreattoeis
calledtheextensor
hallucisbrevism.

extensordigitorum lateralcondyle
longus
ofthetibia,
anterior
surfaceofthe
fibula,lateral
portionofthe
interosseous
membrane

dorsumofthe
lateral4toes
viaextensor
expansions
(centralslip
insertsonbase
ofmiddle
phalanx,lateral
slipsonbaseof
distalphalanx)

extendsthe
deepfibular
metatarsophalangeal, (peroneal)
proximal
nerve
interphalangealand
distalinterphalangeal
jointsofthelateral4
toes

anterior
tibiala.

oneofthemuscles
involvedinanterior
compartment
syndrome

extensorhallucis
brevis

superolateral
surfaceofthe
calcaneus

dorsumofbase extendsthegreattoe deepfibular

ofproximal
(peroneal)
phalanxofthe
nerve
greattoe

dorsalis
pedisa.

usuallyconsidered
tobethemedial
mostpartofthe
extensordigitorum
brevism.(Latin,
hallex=greattoe)

extensorhallucis
longus

middlehalfof
theanterior
surfaceofthe
fibulaandthe
interosseous
membrane

baseofthe
distalphalanx
ofthegreattoe

anterior
tibiala.

oneofthemuscles
involvedinanterior
compartment
syndrome(Latin,
hallex=greattoe)

fibularis
(peroneus)brevis

loweronethird tuberosityofthe extends(plantar

superficial
ofthelateral
baseofthe5th flexes)andevertsthe fibular
surfaceofthe metatarsal
foot
(peroneal)
fibula
nerve

fibular
(peroneal)
a.

stressfractureof
thebaseofthe5th
metatarsalboneis
acommonrunner's
injury

fibular
(peroneal)
a.

fibularislonguslies
superficialtothe
fibularisbrevism.
inthelateral
compartmentofthe
leg

fibularis
upper
(peroneus)longus two/thirdsof
thelateral
surfaceofthe
fibula

extendsthe
deepfibular
metatarsophalangeal (peroneal)
interphalangealjoints nerve
ofthegreattoe

aftercrossing
extends(plantar
theplantar
flexes)andevertsthe
surfaceofthe
foot
footdeeptothe
intrinsic
muscles,it
insertsonthe
medial
cuneiformand
thebaseofthe
1stmetatarsal
bone

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

superficial
fibular
(peroneal)
nerve

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fibularis
(peroneus)tertius

distalpartof
theanterior
surfaceofthe
fibula

dorsumofthe
evertsthefoot
shaftofthe5th
metatarsalbone

flexordigitiminimi
brevis(foot)

baseof5th
metatarsal
bone

lateralsideof
baseof
proximal
phalanxof5th
digit

flexordigitorum
brevis

tuberosityof
thecalcaneus,
plantar
aponeurosis,
intermuscular
septae

flexordigitorum
longus

anterior
tibiala.

fibularistertiusisin
theanterior
compartmentofthe
leg,notthelateral
compartment
(whichcontains
fibularislongusand
brevis)

flexesthe
lateralplantar
metatarsophalangeal nerve
jointofthe5thdigit

lateral
plantara.

none

baseofthe
middlephalanx
ofdigits25
aftersplittingto
allowpassage
oftheflexor
digitorum
longustendons

flexesthe
medialplantar
metatarsophalangeal nerve
&proximal
interphalangealjoints
ofdigits25

medialand flexordigitorum
lateral
brevisinthefootis
plantaraa. equivalenttothe
flexordigitorum
superficialism.of
thearm

middlehalfof
theposterior
surfaceofthe
tibia

basesofthe
distal
phalangesof
digits25

flexesthe
tibialnerve
metatarsophalangeal,
proximal
interphalangealand
distalinterphalangeal
jointsofdigits25
plantarflexesthefoot

tibiala.

flexorhallucis
brevis

cuboid,lateral
cuneiform,
medialsideof
thefirst
metatarsal

medialbelly:
medialsideof
proximal
phalanxofthe
greattoe
lateralbelly:
lateralsideof
theproximal
phalanxofthe
greattoe

flexesthe
medialplantar medial
metatarsophalangeal nerve(lateral plantara.
jointofthegreattoe belly
occasionally
receives
innervation
fromthelateral
plantarnerve)

eachtendonof
insertioncontainsa
sesamoidbone
(Latin,hallex=
greattoe)

flexorhallucis
longus

lower2/3ofthe baseofthe
posterior
distalphalanx
surfaceofthe ofthegreattoe
fibula

flexesthe
tibialnerve
metatarsophalangeal
andproximal
interphalangealjoints
ofthegreattoe
plantarflexesthefoot

fibular
(peroneal)
a.andtibial
a.

flexorhallucis
longusisvery
importantinthe
"pushoff"partof
thenormalgait
(Latin,hallex=
greattoe)

gastrocnemius

femurmedial
head:above
themedial
femoral
condylelateral
head:above
thelateral
femoral
condyle

dorsumofthe
calcaneusvia
thecalcaneal
(Achilles')
tendon

flexeslegplantar
flexesfoot

tibialnerve

suralaa.
(fromthe
popliteal
a.),
posterior
tibiala.

thecalcaneal
tendonofthe
gastrocnemiusand
soleusisthe
thickestand
strongesttendonin
thebody

gemellus,inferior

ischial
tuberosity

obturator
laterallyrotatesthe
internustendon femur

nervetothe
quadratus
femorism.

inferior
gluteala.

gemellusisaLatin
wordthatmeans
"littletwin"

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

deepfibular
(peroneal)
nerve

flexordigitorum
longusinthelegis
equivalenttothe
flexordigitorum
profundusm.ofthe
arm

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gemellus,superior ischialspine

obturator
laterallyrotatesthe
internustendon femur

nervetothe
obturator
internusm.

inferior
gluteala.

gluteusmaximus

posterior
glutealline,
posterior
surfaceof
sacrumand
coccyx,
sacrotuberous
ligament

upperfibers:
extendsthethigh
iliotibialtract
laterallyrotatesthe
lowermost
femur
fibers:gluteal
tuberosityofthe
femur

inferiorgluteal
nerve

superior
gluteusmaximusis
andinferior asiteof
glutealaa. intramuscular
injection

gluteusmedius

external
surfaceofthe
iliumbetween
theposterior
andanterior
gluteallines

greater
trochanterof
thefemur

abductsthefemur
mediallyrotatesthe
thigh

superior
glutealnerve

superior
gluteala.

theangleatwhich
thegluteusmedius
tendonapproaches
thegreater
trochanterofthe
femurisanteriorto
theaxisofrotation
ofthethigh,
resultinginmedial
rotation

gluteusminimus

external
surfaceofthe
iliumbetween
theanterior
andinferior
gluteallines

greater
trochanterof
thefemur

abductsthefemur
mediallyrotatesthe
thigh

superior
glutealnerve

superior
gluteala.

theangleatwhich
thegluteus
minimustendon
approachesthe
greatertrochanter
ofthefemuris
anteriortotheaxis
ofrotationofthe
thigh,resultingin
medialrotation

gracilis

pubic
medialsurface
symphysisand ofthetibia(via
theinferior
pesanserinus)
pubicramus

adductsthethigh,
flexesandmedially
rotatesthethigh,
flexestheleg

anterior
divisionofthe
obturator
nerve

obturatora. thepesanserinus
isthecommon
insertionofthe
gracilis,sartorius,
and
semitendinosus
mm.(Latin,pes
anserinus=
goose'sfoot
gracilis=slender

iliacus

iliacfossaand
iliaccrestala
ofsacrum

lesser
trochanterof
thefemur

flexesthethighifthe femoralnerve
thighisfixeditflexes
thepelvisonthe
thigh

iliopsoas

iliacfossa
bodiesand
transverse
processesof
lumbar
vertebrae

lesser
trochanterof
thefemur

flexesthethigh
flexesandlaterally
bendsthelumbar
vertebralcolumn

inferiorgemellus

ischial
tuberosity

obturator
laterallyrotatesthe
internustendon femur

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

iliolumbar
a.

gemellusisaLatin
wordthatmeans
"littletwin"

insertsincompany
withthepsoas
majorm.viathe
iliopsoastendon

branchesof
iliolumbar
theventral
a.
primaryramiof
spinalnerves
L2L4
branchesof
thefemoral
nerve

acombinationof
theiliacusand
psoasmajormm.

nervetothe
quadratus
femorism.

Latin,gemellus=
littletwin

inferior
gluteala.

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interosseous,
dorsal(foot)

shaftsof
adjacent
metatarsal
bones

basesofthe
proximal
phalangesfor
digit2(both
sides)&digits
3,4(lateralside)

abductdigits24
deepbranchof dorsal
(movethesedigits
thelateral
metatarsal
awayfrommidlineas plantarnerve aa.
definedbyaplane
passingthroughthe
2nddigit)flexthe
metatarsophalangeal
jointsandextendthe
interphalangealjoints
ofthosedigits

fourinnumber
rememberDAB
(Dorsalinterossei
ABduct)andPAD
(Plantarinterossei
ADduct),thenlogic
cantellyouwhere
thesemuscles
insert(Latin,inter=
between+os=
bone)

interosseous,
plantar

baseand
medialsideof
metatarsals3
5

basesof
proximal
phalangesand
extensor
expansionsof
digits35

adductdigits35
deepbranchof plantar
(movethesedigits
thelateral
metatarsal
towardthemidlineof plantarnerve aa.
thefootasdefinedby
aplanethroughthe
seconddigit)flexthe
metacarpophalangeal
andextend
interphalangealjoints
ofdigits35

rememberPAD
(Plantarinterossei
ADduct)andDAB
(Dorsalinterossei
ABduct),andlogic
willtellyouwhere
thesemuscles
mustinsert(Latin,
inter=between+
os=bone)

lumbricals(foot)

tendonsofthe medialsideof
flexordigitorum theextensor
longus
expansionof
digits25

obturatorexternus theexternal
trochanteric
surfaceofthe fossaofthe
obturator
femur
membraneand
thesuperior
andinferior
pubicrami

flexthe
metatarsophalangeal
joint,extendthe
proximal
interphalangeal&
distalinterphalangeal
jointsofdigits25

medial(1st)
lumbrical:
medialplantar
nervelateral
three
lumbricals:
lateralplantar
nerve

medialand thelumbricalsof
lateral
thefoothavethe
plantaraa. sameactiononthe
toesthatthe
lumbricalsinthe
handhaveonthe
fingers(Latin,
lumbricus=
earthworm)

laterallyrotatesthe
thigh

obturator
nerve

obturatora. thetendonofthe
obturatorexternus
m.passesinferior
totheneckofthe
femurtoreachits
insertionsite

obturatorinternus

theinternal
surfaceofthe
obturator
membraneand
marginofthe
obturator
foramen

greater
laterallyrotatesand
trochanteronits abductsthethigh
medialsurface
abovethe
trochanteric
fossa

nervetothe
obturator
internusm.

obturatora. theobturator
internusm.leaves
thepelvisby
passingthrough
thelessersciatic
foramenthe
superiorand
inferiorgemellus
mm.insertonthe
obturatorinternus
tendon

pectineus

pectenofthe
pubis

pectineallineof adducts,flexes,and
thefemur
mediallyrotatesthe
thigh

femoralnerve
andpossibly
theanterior
divisionofthe
obturator
nerve

medial
femoral
circumflex
a.

pectineusoftenhas
adualinnervation

peroneusistheold
terminologyused
forthefibularis
mm.

peroneusmm.
(SEEfibularis
mm.)

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

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piriformis

anterior
surfaceof
sacrum

upperborderof laterallyrotatesand
greater
abductsthigh
trochanterof
femur

ventralramiof
S1S2

piriformisleaves
thepelvisby
passingthrough
thegreatersciatic
foramen

plantar
interosseous

baseand
medialsideof
metatarsals3
5

basesof
proximal
phalangesand
extensor
expansionsof
digits35

adductdigits35
deepbranchof plantar
(movethesedigits
thelateral
metatarsal
towardthemidlineof plantarnerve aa.
thefootasdefinedby
theseconddigit),flex
metatarsophalangeal
andextend
interphalangealjoints
ofdigits35

plantaris

abovethe
lateralfemoral
condyle(above
thelateral
headof
gastrocnemius)

dorsumofthe
calcaneus
medialtothe
calcaneal
tendon

flexesthelegplantar tibialnerve
flexesthefoot

popliteala. plantarishasalong
slendertendonthat
isequivalenttothe
tendonofthe
palmarislongusm.
ofthearmits
tendonisoften
calledthe
"freshmannerve"
becauseitisoften
misidentifiedbythe
freshmanmedical
student

popliteus

lateralcondyle
ofthefemur

posterior
surfaceofthe
tibiaabove
solealline

flexesandrotatesthe tibialnerve
legmedially(withthe
footplanted,itrotates
thethighlaterally)

popliteala. hasaroundtendon
oforiginpopliteus
unlockstheknee
jointtoinitiate
flexionoftheleg

psoasmajor

bodiesand
transverse
processesof
lumbar
vertebrae

lesser
trochanterof
femur(with
iliacus)via
iliopsoas
tendon

flexesthethigh
flexes&laterally
bendsthelumbar
vertebralcolumn

psoasminor

bodiesofthe
T12&L1
vertebrae

quadratusfemoris

lateralborder
oftheischial
tuberosity

rememberPAD
(Plantarinterossei
ADduct)andDAB
(Dorsalinterossei
ABduct),andlogic
willtellyouwhere
thesemuscles
mustinsert(Latin,
inter=between+
os=bone)

branchesof
subcostal
theventral
a.,lumbar
primaryramiof aa.
spinalnerves
L2L4

thegenitofemoral
nervepiercesthe
anteriorsurfaceof
thepsoasmajorm.
(Latin,psoas=the
musclesofthe
loins)

iliopubic
flexes&laterally
eminenceatthe bendsthelumbar
lineofjunction vertebralcolumn
oftheiliumand
thesuperior
pubicramus

branchesof
theventral
primaryrams
ofspinal
nervesL1L2

lumbaraa.

absentin40%of
cases(Latin,psoas
=themusclesof
theloins)

quadratelineof laterallyrotatesthe
thefemurbelow thigh
the
intertrochanteric
crest

nervetothe
quadratus
femorism.

inferior
gluteala.

thenervetothe
quadratusfemoris
m.alsoinnervates
theinferior
gemellusm.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_alpha.html

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anteriorportion tendonsofthe assiststheflexor

ofthe
flexordigitorum digitorumlongusin
calcaneusand longusm.
flexingthetoes
thelong
plantar
ligament

quadricepsfemoris anterior
tibialtuberosity
surfaceofthe viathepatellar
femurandthe ligament
anteriorsideof
themedialand
lateral
intermuscular
septa

extendstheknee
rectusfemorisflexes
thethigh

lateralplantar
nerve

lateral
plantara.

thequadratus
plantaem.changes
thelineofforceof
theflexordigitorum
longusm.tobringit
inlinewiththelong
axisofthefoot
(Latin,quadratus=
square)

femoralnerve

lateral
circumflex
femorala.,
deep
femorala.

composedof4
muscles:rectus
femoris,vastus
lateralis,vastus
intermediusand
vastusmedialis

rectusfemoris

straighthead:
anteriorinferior
iliacspine
reflectedhead:
abovethe
superiorrimof
theacetabulum

patellaand
extendstheleg,
tibialtuberosity flexesthethigh
(viathepatellar
ligament)

femoralnerve

lateral
circumflex
femorala.

rectusfemorisis
partofthe
quadricepsfemoris
muscle

sartorius

anterior
superioriliac
spine

medialsurface flexes,abductsand
ofthetibia(pes laterallyrotatesthe
anserinus)
thighflexesleg

femoralnerve

lateral
femoral
circumflex
a.,
saphenous
a.

itsactionsputthe
lowerlimbinthe
traditionalcross
leggedseated
positionofatailor
(Latin,sartorius=
tailor)

semimembranosus upper,outer
surfaceofthe
ischial
tuberosity

medialcondyle
ofthetibia

extendsthethigh,
flexestheleg

tibialnerve

perforating oneofthe
branches
"hamstring"
ofthedeep muscles
femorala.

semitendinosus

lower,medial
surfaceof
ischial
tuberosity
(common
tendonwith
bicepsfemoris
m.)

medialsurface
oftibia(viapes
anserinus)

extendsthethigh,
flexestheleg

tibialnerve

perforating
branches
ofthedeep
femorala.

pesanserinusis
thecommon
insertionforthe
gracilis,sartorius,
and
semitendinosus
mm.

soleus

posterior
surfaceof
headand
uppershaftof
thefibula,
soleallineof
thetibia

dorsumofthe
calcaneusvia
thecalcaneal
(Achilles')
tendon

plantarflexesthefoot tibialnerve

posterior
tibiala.

soleusandthe2
headsof
gastrocnemiusare
sometimescalled
thetricepssurae
muscle

superiorgemellus

ischialspine

obturator
laterallyrotatesthe
internustendon femur

nervetothe
obturator
internusm.

inferior
gluteala.

Latin,gemellus=
littletwin

tensorfasciae
latae

anteriorpartof iliotibialtract
theiliaccrest,
anterior
superioriliac
spine

superior
glutealnerve

superior
gluteala.

tensorfascialatae
redirectsthe
rotationalforcesof
thegluteus
maximusm.

flexes,abducts,and
mediallyrotatesthe
thigh

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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyMusclesTables

tibialisanterior

lateraltibial
condyleand
theupper
lateralsurface
ofthetibia

medialsurface
ofthemedial
cuneiformand
the1st
metatarsal

tibialisposterior

interosseous
membrane,
posteromedial
surfaceofthe
fibula,
posterolateral
surfaceofthe
tibia

vastusintermedius anteriorand
lateralsurface
ofthefemur

dorsiflexesand
invertsthefoot

deepfibular
(peroneal)
nerve

anterior
tibiala.

actsasbothan
antagonist
(dorsiflexion/plantar
flexion)anda
synergist
(inversion)ofthe
tibialisposteriorm.

tuberosityofthe plantarflexesthe
navicularand
footinvertsthefoot
medial
cuneiform,
metatarsals24

tibialnerve

fibular
(peroneal)
a.andtibial
a.

actsasbothan
antagonist
(dorsiflexion/plantar
flexion)anda
synergist
(inversion)ofthe
tibialisanteriorm.

patella

extendstheleg

femoralnerve

lateral
femoral
circumflex
a.

vastusintermedius
ispartofthe
quadricepsfemoris
muscle(Latin,
vastus=huge)

vastuslateralis

lateral
patellaand
intermuscular medialpatellar
septum,lateral retinaculum
lipofthelinea
asperaandthe
gluteal
tuberosity

extendsleg

femoralnerve

lateral
femoral
circumflex
a.,
perforating
branches
ofthedeep
femorala.

vastuslateralisis
partofthe
quadricepsfemoris
muscle(Latin,
vastus=huge)

vastusmedialis

medial
patellaand
intermuscular medialpatellar
septum,medial retinaculum
lipofthelinea
aspera

extendsleg

femoralnerve

lateral
femoral
circumflex
a.

vastusmedialisis
partofthe
quadricepsfemoris
muscle(Latin,
vastus=huge)

Thematerialpresentedinthesetablesiscontainedinthebook:
MedChartsAnatomybyThomasR.Gest&JayeSchlesinger
PublishedbyILOC,Inc.,NewYork
Copyright1995,unauthorizeduseprohibited.

Theexcellenteditorialassistanceof
Dr.PatTank,UAMS
isgratefullyacknowledged.

Copyright2000TheUniversityofMichigan.Unauthorizeduseprohibited.

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