:INTRODUCTION

Mobile communications systems past, present and future.

There has been a kind shift in mobile communication systems every ten
years .
The first generation (1G) system in the 1980s were based on analog
technologies .
And the second generation (2G) system in the 1990s such as :
(GSM) personal digital caller (PDE) technologies for mixed voice, data
and multimedia traffic and mixed .
Was introduce (3G) system in October 2001in Japan
3GPP Evolution :
- Release 1999 (Mar-2000) : UMTS/WCDMA
- Release -5 (Mar-2002): HSDPA
- Release -6 (March- 2005) HSUPA
- Release -7 (2007) : DLMIMO, 1ms up multimedia subsystem , optimized real
time service (vo,p gaming , push to talk)
- Long term evolution (LTE)
- 3GPP work on the evolution of the 3G mobile system started in November
2004.
- Standardized in the form of rel-20
- Spec finalized and approved in January 2008 target deployment in 2012.
- LTE advanced study phase in grogress
LTE V/S other technologies .

:INTRODUCTION
Requirements of LTE
DL:
UL:
-

Peak date rate

100 MBPs Dl/50 MBPs Ul within 20 Mhz band width .
Up to 200 active users in a cell (5MHz)
Less than 5ms user-plane latency mobility :
optimized for 0-15kmth.
15-120 kmh supported with high performance
Supported up to 350 kmh or evenup to 500kmh
LTE enabling Technology
Of dm (orthogonal) frequency division multiplexing)
Frequency domain equalization
SC-FDMA (signal single carrier FDMA)
Mimo (Multi-input multi output)
Multi carrier channel- dependent resource scheduling fractional frequency
reuse.
LTE physical channels
Physical broadcast channel (PBCH)
Physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH)
Physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)
Physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)
Physical multicast channel (PMCH)

Physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)

Physical uplink control shared channel (PUSCH)
Physical random access channel (PRACH)
LTE future and uses
- Mass deployment to begin around 2012
- Devices which are covered under LTE are-camcorders
- Assured in trooper ability with older wireless technologies such as GSM
WCDMA CDMA .
LTE 4G & LTE advanced :
Is the latest technology has been reached in the field of mobile communications 40
fourth generation 4G
- The fourth generation properties
- System enjoys a high spectra efficiency
- High capacity to allow a repeat of user in time only
- Presence rate acry point include the speed of transfer of annexation and there
is no connection uninterrupted and keep roaming global bv multiple networks
- Proved high quality service using multimedia
- Find a compromise with the stand ares provided in the current wireless
networks.
- mutually inclusive packages create in networks
fourth generation features :
- use the infrastructure of previous generation
- the low cost
- the have the ability to ture contact for many of the network users at one time
- the high protection m.nast calls and data
- availability of transport communication of on station to another smoothly
Bedouin interruption .

:INTRODUCTION
-

now is this development technical laboratory each the fifth generation .[2]
LTE- Advanced
mobile communication standard As a major enhance the 3GPP LTE standard
Peak date rates of 1Gpbs to meet 1mt advanced standards for 4G
Ability to Average advanced topology heterogeneous network such as Pico
cells and Phemtocells
Improves capacity and coverage and provides large bandwidth up to MHz of
spectrum .