HazLoc 101

Basics of US Hazardous Locations Requirements a condensed version

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Seminar Modules

Organization of Participant Manual

Module 1: History of Hazardous Locations
Module 2: Overview of Area Classifications
Module 3: Class I Division and Zone Comparison
Module 4: Overview of Protection Techniques
Module 5: Class I, Division 1 Construction/Performance
Requirements
Module 6: Class I, Division 2 Construction/Performance
Requirements
Module 7: Class I, Zone 0 and 1 Construction/Performance
Requirements
Module 8: Class I, Zone 2 Construction/Performance Requirements
Module 9: Class II & III, Construction/Performance Requirements
Module 10: Installation
Module 11: European Compliance Overview/International Markets
Slide 2

Module 1 Objectives
Discuss the history behind hazardous locations
Explain the relationship between the history and the development of
Article 500 through 506 in the National Electric Code

Slide 3

Module 1 Objectives
Discuss the history behind hazardous locations
Explain the relationship between the history and the development of
Article 500 through 506 in the National Electric Code

Slide 4

1920 - National Electric Code (NEC) Timeline

Equipments in Extra Hazardous

Locations
Addressed rooms in which highly
flammable gases, liquids,
mixtures or other substances
were used
At this time, UL had been
certifying equipment for use in
such areas for about 6 years

Slide 5

1960s National Electric Code (NEC) Timeline

UL develops Westerberg Explosion Test Vessel (WETV)

WETV is able to determine two quantities for any gas or
vapor
flame transmission properties by measuring the Maximum
Experimental Safe Gap (MESG)
explosion pressure

WETV data enables classification of gases and vapors

into defined groups by comparing the MESG and
explosion pressure to those of materials already defining
the group.

Slide 6

1969 National Electric Code (NEC) Timeline

UL publishes Bulletin of Research no. 58 which

summarizes a UL investigation of fifteen flammable gases

or vapors based on WETV data.
Added to NEC in 1971

Slide 8

1996 National Electric Code (NEC) Timeline

NEC introduces International Zone Classification

system in new Article 505
covers Class I only
includes 3 gas groups, IIA, IIB, & IIC
includes 3 Zones- 0, 1, & 2

UL begins certifying equipment for use in such

areas

Slide 9

Basis for Product Compliance

National Electrical Code (NFPA 70)
Articles 500 through 506

Canadian Electrical Code (C22.1)

Section 18

IEC/EN 60079-series
Special Applications
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)
- Regulates mining locations
- Certifies equipment
- Governed by Federal Mine Safety and Health Act

United States Coast Guard (USCG)

- Regulates off-shore locations
- Governed by USCG Regulations, 46CFR Parts 110-113 inclusive (based
on NEC)
Slide 10

AHJs

Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ)

Determines acceptability of equipment
Thousands nationwide
International Association of Electrical Inspectors (IAEI)
Fire marshals
Other local authorities

U.S. Certification Marks still basis for acceptance

(NRTL)

Slide 11

Listed
Western Electric Motors, Inc.
Cat. No. MNO
Listed

This label indicates

Listing

D3J8

Electric Motor for Hazardous Locations

Class I, Division 1, Group D
230 V, 60 Hz
3 phase
54 A
20 HP
1760 rpm
Insulation class B

From NEC:

Slide 12

Area Classifications
Class I
Flammable, gases, vapors or liquids

Class II
Combustible dusts

Class III
Ignitible fibers and flyings

Slide 13

Class I Division/Zone Area Classification

Comparison
Division 1: Where ignitable
concentrations of flammable gases,
vapors or liquids can exist all of the
time or some of the time under
normal operating conditions

Zone 0: Where ignitable

concentrations of flammable gases,
vapors or liquids can exist all of the
time or for long periods of time under
normal operating conditions
Zone 1: Where ignitable
concentrations of flammable gases,
vapors or liquids can exist some of
the time under normal operating
conditions

Division 2: Where ignitable

concentrations of flammable gases,
vapors or liquids are not likely to
exist under normal operating
conditions

Zone 2: Where ignitable

concentrations of flammable gases,
vapors or liquids are not likely to
exist under normal operating
conditions

Slide 14

Class I Division/Zone, Gas Group Comparison

Division 1 and 2
A (acetylene)
B (hydrogen)

Zone 0, 1 and 2
IIC (acetylene &
hydrogen)

C (ethylene)

IIB (ethylene)

D (propane)

IIA (propane)

Slide 15

Class I Division/Zone Temperature Class

Comparison
Zone 0, 1 and 2

Division 1 and 2
T1 (<450 C)

T1 (<450 C)

T2 (<300 C)

T2 (<300 C)

T2A,B,C,D
(<280 C, <260 C, <230 C, <215 C)
T3 (<200 C)
T3A,B,C,
(<180 C, <165 C, <160 C)
T4 (<135 C)

T3 (<200 C)

T4 (<135 C)

T4A (<120 C)
T5 (<100 C)

T5 (<100 C)

T6 (<85 C)

T6 (<85 C)

T5 and T6 are optional for marking

Slide 16

Listing Mark

This panel is safe in a

Division 1 area.
Inside the panel are IS
barriers, which provide power
to an intrinsically safe device.

Slide 18

Classification Mark
ABC Enclosures, Inc.
Cat. No. XCX

As to explosion and fire

hazard only
3IJ2

Example: Explosionproof

Enclosures
For this product, only the
enclosure has been tested
(electrical components have not
been evaluated)

Enclosure for Use in Hazardous Locations

Class I, Group C and D
WARNING - To prevent ignition of hazardous
atmospheres, all conduit runs must have a
sealing fitting connected within 18 in. of the
enclosure.
CAUTION - To prevent ignition of hazardous
atmospheres, disconnect from the supply
circuit before opening enclosure. Keep
tightly closed when circuits are alive.

Slide 19

Recognized Component Mark

This mark is for incomplete products

The UL Report will include Conditions of Acceptability that must be
checked during evaluation of the final Listed assembly

Slide 20

Comparison of Product Markings

U.S.

CANADA EUROPE

IECEx

0539 II 2 G
Class I, Div. 1,
Group C,D
Class I, Zone 1
AEx d IIB T5
or
Class I, Zone 1
AEx d IIB T5 Gb

Class I, Div. 1,
Group C,D
Ex d IIB T5 or
EEx d IIB T5

Ex d IIB T5
or
Ex d IIB T5 Gb
or
Ex db IIB T5

Ex d IIB T5
or
Ex d IIB T5 Gb
or
Ex db IIB T5

<Certificate No.>

<Certificate No.>

Slide 21

Ordinary Location Requirements

For all equipment:

Risk of Fire
Risk of Electric Shock

Special Applications:
Environmental Ratings
Marine Ratings
Signaling/Fire Alarm
Slide 22

Explosionproof Equipment
Equipment that has an enclosure capable
of:
withstanding an explosion of a specified gas or
vapor within the enclosure,
preventing the ignition of a specified gas or
vapor surrounding the enclosure, and
operating at an external temperature that will not
ignite a specified gas or vapor surrounding the
enclosure

Slide 23

Enclosure with enlarged gap, ready for an

explosion test
1

Slide 24

Each frame = 1/2000 seconds

4

Slide 25

Joint Comparison Example

Group C (IIB)
Enclosure Volume 2000 cm

Width

(122 in)

Explosionproof

Flameproof

Div 1 = zone 0 &1

Zone 1

19.1 mm (3/4 in)

12.5 mm

0.05 mm (0.002 in)

0.2 mm

(min.)

Clearance
(max.)

Slide 26

Explosionproof enclosure

Slide 27

Explosionproof enclosure

Slide 28

Explosionproof Pushbutton Switch

Cylindrical Joint --->

<---Threaded Joint

Flat Joint--->

Threaded Conduit Entries

Slide 29

Control Drawing
Unclassified (Non hazardous)
Location

Hazardous (Classified)
Location

Red

18.8.8

Black

+
I.S.
_
Transmitter

Dual Channel
Barrier

+24 V

Control
Equipment

SIGNAL

Equipment
Vmax (or Ui)
Imax (or Ii)
Ci + Ccable
Li + Lcable
Pmax

Barrier
>
>
<
<
>

Voc (or Uo)

Isc (or Io)
Ca (or Co)
La (or Lo)
Po

Sugar Refinery

Slide 31

After an Explosion

Slide 32

Preventing the Entrance of Dust Contd

The suitability of these paths to prevent entrance

is determined by the following requirements:
Joint widths and clearances
Shaft lengths and clearances
Thread engagement
Gasketing
Dust Penetration testing

Slide 33

Dust Testing

Nozzles are directed where the dust is most likely to enter

the enclosure. Goes on for 30 h, during that time the
device is powered on and off for 6 heating and cooling
cycles. The heating/cooling cycle creates a partial
vacuum that will possibly draw the dust into the
enclosure.

Slide 34

Dust Testing
Nozzles directed where dust most likely will enter into the

motor.
After test, the motor is opened and must not have any
dust inside.

Slide 35

Articles 500 506 of the NEC

Article 500 - General

Article 501 - Class I, Division Locations
Article 502 - Class II Locations
Article 503 - Class III Locations
Article 504 - Intrinsically Safe Systems
Article 505 - Class I, Zone Locations
Article 506 - Zone 20, 21 and 22 Locations

Slide 36

Specific Occupancies
Covered in Articles 510 through 517
Include such occupancies as:
Commercial Garages (Art. 511)
Aircraft Hangars (Art. 513)
Motor Fuel Dispensing (Art. 514)
Bulk Storage Plants (Art. 515)
Spraying, Dipping, and Coating Applications (Art. 516)
Health Care Facilities (Art. 517)

Slide 37

Article 501 Class I, Division Locations

Special requirements for equipment

Wiring methods
Sealing and drainage
Flexible cords
Grounding

Slide 38

Section 501.10(A) Wiring Methods, Division 1

Threaded rigid metal conduit

Threaded steel intermediate conduit
Mineral Insulated (MI) cable
Rigid non-metallic conduit
encased in 2 in. of concrete, and
buried under 2 ft. of earth

Metal Clad (MC-HL) cable

Listed for Division 1
gas/vaportight continuous corrugated metallic sheath
overall polymeric jacket
separate grounding conductors
Slide 39

Section 501.10(A) Wiring Methods, Division 1

Contd

Instrumentation Tray Cable (ITC-HL)

Listed for Division 1
gas/vaportight continuous corrugated metallic sheath
overall polymeric jacket

Flexible connections
only permitted when necessary
listed flexible fittings

Intrinsically Safe Wiring See Article 504

Slide 40

Flexible Connection

Slide 41

MI Cable (Mineral Insulated)

<---- MI Cable

Slide 42

MC-HL Cable Fitting

Slide 43

Section 501.10(B) Wiring Methods, Division 2

Threaded rigid metal

conduit
Threaded steel
intermediate conduit
Enclosed gasketed
busways
PLTC cable
ITC cable
MI cable
MC cable

MV cable
TC cable
Flexible connections
flexible metal fittings
flexible metal conduit
liquidtight flexible
conduit
extra hard usage
flexible cord
Non-incendive
Circuits
Slide 44

Conduit Seal

Slide 45

Factory Sealed Enclosure

Slide 46

Section 501.15(C) Requirements for Seals

Seals shall be integral with enclosure or a

separate sealing fitting must be provided
Compound
resistant to surrounding atmosphere
melting point of 93 C or greater
thickness equal to or greater than trade size of conduit
but no less than 5/8 inches = 16 mm.

No splices or taps allowed

Conductor fill 25% maximum unless approved for
greater

Slide 47

Section 501.140 Flexible Cord Contd

Cord must be continuous

Extra hard usage
Grounding conductor
Supported to avoid stress at terminal connections
Sealed at entry to explosionproof enclosures

Slide 48

Section 501.30 Grounding

Article 250 provisions apply

Section 250.100 requires bonding in hazardous
locations regardless of voltage
Locknut bushing and double locknut contacts not
acceptable for bonding

Slide 49

Article 504 Intrinsically Safe Systems

Section 504.10(A)-control drawing

Section 504.20-wiring methods
any for unclassified areas permitted

Section 504.30-separation of conductors

Section 504.50-grounding
Section 504.70-sealing

Slide 50

Section 504.30 Separation of Conductors

From non-intrinsically safe
Open wiring- 50 mm (2 inches)
In raceways-not permitted unless:
- 50 mm (2 in.) separation and secured or partition
provided between
- where all conductors of intrinsically safe or nonintrinsically safe are in grounded metal sheathed or
metal clad cables where sheathing or cladding is
capable of carrying fault current to ground

Within enclosures - 50 mm (2 in.)

Slide 51

* Thank You For Attending!

For more information on a private or public seminar on this
topic or other topics please visit us at:
http://www.ulknowledgeservices.com
Or Call

+45 44 85 65 65
UL International Demko A/S

Slide 53