Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev

(1834-1907)

- Russian chemist and inventor

- He formulated the Periodic Law,created his
own version of the periodic of elements and
used it to correct the properties of some
already discovered elements.

Mendeleev was born on February 8, 1834

in the village of Verkhnie Aremzyani, near
Tobolsk in Siberia. His father is Ivan
 Pavlovich Mendeleev and his mother is
Maria Dmitrievna Mendeleev.
In 1861, he wrote his first book on the
spectroscope
 On April 4, 1862, he became engaged to
Feozva Nikitichna Leshcheva and they
married on 27 of April.

I saw in a dream a table where all

elements fell into place as required.
Awakening, I immediately wrote it down on
piece of paper, only in one place did a
correction later seem necessary
-MENDELEEV
Four new elements confirmed
The periodic table in its modern form was invented by Russian chemistry professor Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869 and lists
elements according to their atomic numbers based on the number of protons in their nuclei. Its odd shape, which is
familiar to anyone trying to stay awake in chemistry class, is due to the discovery that by arranging the elements to group
them by their chemical properties and electron configurations, it becomes a graphic representation of objective rea

Democritus(470-380 BC)
 Democritus was a Greek philosopher
(470-380 BC) who is the father of
modern atomic thought.
He proposed that matter could not be
divided into smaller pieces forever.
He claimed that matter was made of
small hard particles that he called
atomos.
 John Dalton (1766-1844)

He created the very first atomic theory.

Dalton was an English school teacher who performed
many experiments on atoms.
Dalton viewed atoms as tiny, solid balls. His atomic
theory had 4 statements:

4 STATEMENTS ABOUT ATOMIC THEORY

1. Atoms are tiny, invisible particles

2. Atoms of one elements are all the same
 3. Atoms of different elements are different
4. Compounds form by combining atoms
What contribution did he make too the atomic model and our
understanding of atoms?

His atomic theory said that elements consisted of tiny particles called atoms. It
states an element is one of a kind (aka pure) because all atoms of an element are
identical. All the atoms that make up the element have the same mass. All elements
are different from each other due to differing masses. A compound is a pure (one of
a kind) substance due to different elements bonded together.
J.J Thomson (1856-1940)

He discovered electrons.
He was the first scientist to show that the atom was
made of even smaller things.
 He also proposed the existence of a ( + ) particle.
His atomic model was known as the raisin bun model.
Atoms are made mostly of ( + ) charged material, like
dough in a bun. The ( - ) charged electrons are found
inside ( + ) dough.
Thomsons Model
Ernest Rutherford ( 1871- 1937 )

Rutherford discovered protons and the nucleus.

He showed that atoms have ( + ) particles in the center,
and are mostly empty space.
He called these
( + ) particles
protons. He called
the center of
atoms the
nucleus
The Rutherford gold-foil Experiments:
Niels Bohr ( 1885- 1962 )
Niels Bohr improved on Rutherfords model.

He proposed that electrons moved around the nucleus

in specific layer or shells
Every atoms has a specific number of electrons shells
Niels Bohr atomic model
James Chadwick ( 1891- 1974 )
Discovered neutrons.

Working with Rutherford, he discovered particles with no

charged.
He called these particles neutrons.
Neutrons are also found in the nucleus.
James Chadwick atomic model: