ELECTRIC DOWNHOLE HEATING SYSTEMS

OILFIELD SERVICES
THERMAL MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS WWW.THERMAL.PENTAIR.COM
 INDUSTRIAL SOLUTIONS
As the worlds largest provider of complete electrical heat
management systems, primarily for the general process, oil
and gas, chemical, and power generation industries, Pentair
Thermal Management provides innovative products and turnkey
solutions under market-leading brandsRaychem, Pyrotenax,
DigiTrace, and Tracer. Our premiere turnkey solutions include
full life cycle supportranging from front-end engineering
and installation to maintenance and operation services. Our
global experience and office presence in 48 countries uniquely
position us to manage the heat needed for projects of any size
and scope.

THE HEART OF OUR SOLUTIONS

Pentair Thermal Management's solution for Enhanced Oil

Recovery (EOR) and Flow Assurance applications is the
PetroTrace Downhole Heating system. The PetroTrace system
has the capability to increase oil production, reduce total cost,
and be an environment friendly solution by applying electro-
thermal heating technology for onshore and offshore wells.

PetroTrace systems have increased oil production rates over

long periods, and require much lower capital equipment and
operating cost compared to traditional EOR and Flow Assurance
solutions. Also PetroTrace Downhole Heating systems are a low
risk to damaging or impacting the environment because they do
not require chemicals or high water usage.

The Tracer brand of Turnkey Solutions is widely regarded as the

premiere provider of industrial turnkey heat-tracing solutions.
With our full suite of services, from front-end engineering and
installation to maintenance and operation services, we are
capable of handling heat-tracing projects of any size and
scope.

Our Tracer team has a proven record for the most

experience and reliable performance of these engineered
PetroTrace Downhole Heating systems, with the largest number
of installations around the world for over 20 years.
 PETROTRACE DOWNHOLE
HEATING SYSTEMS
For over 20 years, oil companies around the world have relied on PetroTrace
Downhole Heating systems as an Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) and Flow
Assurance tool to increase production, reduce total cost, and provide an
environment friendly solution.

PetroTrace Downhole Heating systems utilize electro-thermal heating

technologies to raise the oil temperature and reduce its viscosity for
Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) applications, and to mitigate the risk of wax or
hydrate formation in the production tube for Flow Assurance applications.

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY (EOR) FLOW ASSURANCE

Electro Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery Electro Thermal Flow Assurance Heater

Enhanced Oil Recovery Flow Assurance

Studies show that heating Heavy Oil (8-20 API)
will greatly reduce the viscosity and increase
the oil flow in the production tube. The
PetroTrace Downhole Heating system uses an
electro-thermal cable inserted in the
reservoir for an EOR application. A constant
source of thermal energy is provided in the
payzone near the wellbore area. EOR
applications include vertical and horizontal
wells, and current designs provide power to
achieve cable operating temperatures up to
572F (300C).
Wax/paraffin and hydrates can plug or slow
the production of oil. Heavy Oil plugs can
reduce production as oil cools down when
flowing to the wellhead. The PetroTrace
Downhole Heating system is engineered to
run external or internal to the production
tube to deliver a constant source of thermal
energy along the production tube, avoiding
costly interruptions and stoppages because
of wax, hydrate or heavy oil plugs. Typical
light oil Flow Assurance applications require
cables up to 122F (50C) operating tempera-
ture and 3,280 ft (1,000 m) length.

ELECTRIC DOWNHOLE HEATING SYSTEMSOILFIELD

FLOORHEATING
SERVICES 1
 PETROTRACE SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
PetroTrace Downhole Heating systems are supplied as an engineered
solution. A typical PetroTrace Downhole Heating system includes downhole
electric heating cable, ESP electrical cable, power connection and end
termination kits, clamping systems, temperature sensors, wellhead
connectors and topside control and monitoring equipment.

Control panel

Wellhead
Transformer Wellhead
connector
Tubing hanger
Clamping ESP electrical cable
system
Power connection
Temperature
sensor

Production casing
Electro-thermal
heating cable

Production tube

End termination

Payzone

Flow Assurance Heater System

2 PENTAIR MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS

THERMAL
 PETROTRACE ELECTRIC
HEATING TECHNOLOGIES
PetroTrace Downhole Heating systems are the culmination of decades of
experience with downhole heating applications. The suite of electro-thermal
technologies utilized by Pentair Thermal Management meets a wide range of
applications that exist today while providing versatility and short-term invest-
ment payback.

PETROTRACE DHSX

Cable operating temperature up to 122F (50C)

Constant Wattage Technology

Provides up to 41 W/m

Flexible armored polymer cable allows for ease of installation on the

outside of the production tube
Galvanized armor
Flow Assurance prevention of wax/paraffin and hydrates in lengths of up
Fluoropolymer outer jacket
to 3,289 ft (1,000 m) Tin-plated copper braid
Spacer
Fluoropolymer jackets
Tin-plated copper conductors

PETROTRACE MI

Cable operating temperature up to 572F (300C)

Mineral Insulated Technology

Provides up to 656 W/m

Alloy 825 sheath provides durability and corrosion resistance for use
on a wide range of downhole applications that require high power and
temperature

Cables of different sizes and power levels provide flexibility for use in
Enhanced Oil Recovery and Flow Assurance applications in lengths of up
Alloy 825 sheath
to 3,937 ft (1,200 m)
Insulation (magnesium oxide)
Heating conductors

PETROTRACE STSI

Cable operating temperature up to 300F (149C)

Skin-effect Heating Technology

Provides up to 150 W/m

The heater consists of a coiled tube, allowing for easy deployment

without a work-over rig

Proven use in deep offshore Flow Assurance applications with lengths up

to 6,900 ft (2,100 m) Heat tube or coiled tubing
Insulation
Conductor

ELECTRIC DOWNHOLE HEATING SYSTEMSOILFIELD

FLOORHEATING
SERVICES 3
ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY (EOR)

PETROTRACE EOR HEATING

APPLICATION PROFILE
HEAVY/EXTRA HEAVY OIL
VENEZUELA

REGION AND CONDITIONS

One of the worlds largest accumulations of natural bitumen and Heavy Oil is
the Orinoco Heavy Oil Belt in Venezuela. It has been estimated that there are
about 270 billion barrels of recoverable oil in place. These reservoirs hold a
Heavy to Extra-Heavy Oil with API range of 8 to 16 API with high viscosities
that inhibit the mobility of the crude. The use of diluents have become stand-
ard practice to move this oil, resulting in an expensive maintenance process,
not only to procure but to treat (separate). In 2008, Pentair Thermal Manage-
ment supplied and installed a PetroTrace Downhole Heating System for use in
the Orinoco Heavy Oil Belt.

Pentair Thermal Management engineered a PetroTrace MI Downhole Heat-

ing System for this deep onshore, horizontal well to deliver EOR type heat to
reduce the viscosity of the Extra-Heavy Oil in this producing well.

The PetroTrace Downhole Heating System supplied produced 65 kW along

the 3,000 ft (914 m) of the 7 in slotted liner. The heater was designed so that
more power was delivered towards the end of the liner where heat is needed
the most. The heater was configured in total by three heating sections with a
lower power density as we approached the Progressive Cavity Pump (PCP).
The heater was deployed inside the horizontal section of the slotted liner by
attaching the heater on the outside of a 2-3/8 in supporting pipe.

The supplied system included a control panel for ease of operation and the
monitoring of temperature and current.

The heating system significantly lowered the viscosity of the oil by increasing
the temperature in the liner approximately 50F (10C) in less than 24 hours.
As a result, oil production increased 65% from 340 BOPD to 560 BOPD.

WELL DESCRIPTION

Location: Orinoco Heavy Oil Belt (Faja),

Venezuela

Initial Conditions: Extra-Heavy Oil

Well Type: Horizontal, 3,300 ft (1,006 m)

at approximately 4,000 ft
(1,219 m) vertical depth

Heater Technology Selected: PetroTrace MI for EOR heat to

assist mobility of oil and increase
pressure drawdown in liner area

4 PENTAIR MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS

THERMAL
 PETROTRACE EOR HEATING
APPLICATION PROFILE
HEAVY OIL CALIFORNIA

REGION AND CONDITIONS

Some of the largest Heavy Oil reserves in the continental United States are
located in Californias Central Valley oilfields north of Los Angeles. The res-
ervoirs in this area are estimated to be a 40-billion-barrel resource, primarily
of heavy crude approximating 9 to 13 API located in shallow reservoirs not
deeper than 2,300 ft (701 m) in depth. Pentair Thermal Management has been
supplying PetroTrace Downhole Heating Systems to oil companies in this
region since 2005.

Pentair Thermal Management engineered a PetroTrace MI Downhole Heating

System for these onshore low-flow, shallow wells to deliver EOR type heat to
improve the mobility of oil in the near wellbore area and allow for an increase
in production.

The PetroTrace Downhole Heating System supplied produced 27 kW of energy

in the payzone at 600 V. The downhole heaters were secured to a stinger pipe
below the pump that contained several passes of MI cable, producing a power
density of 300 W/ft.

The supplied system included a control panel for ease of operation and the
monitoring of temperature and current. To allow the client to confirm target
temperatures along the length of the heated section, multiple sensing ther-
mocouples were installed to provide temperature measurement.

Production increased from 3 BOPD to over 20 BOPD, resulting in a payback of

less than four months.

WELL DESCRIPTION

Location: Bakersfield, California, USA

Initial Conditions: Heavy Oil, marginally

producing shallow
wells (stripper wells)
Well Type: Vertical, 1,000 ft (305 m) depth.
90 ft (27 m) of payzone

Heater Technology Selected: PetroTrace MI for EOR heat to

assist in the mobility of oil into
the pump

ELECTRIC DOWNHOLE HEATING SYSTEMSOILFIELD

FLOORHEATING
SERVICES 5
FLOW ASSURANCE

PETROTRACE FLOW
ASSURANCE APPLICATION
PROFILE WAXY OIL
OFFSHORE NEW ZEALAND

REGION AND CONDITIONS

Crude oil reserves, equal to about 90 million barrels, straddle most of New
Zealands coastline. Until recently, much of this oil was inaccessiblethe
reservoirs were deep, far offshore and the oil was very waxy. In early 2009,
first oil was announced from the Maari oilfield located more than 80 km off
the south Taranaki coast. Pentair Thermal Management worked with a
principle oil and gas company to understand the Electric Downhole Heating
requirements, and then engineered and supplied the PetroTrace Downhole
Heating Systems used in this field.

Pentair Thermal Management engineered a PetroTrace STSi Skin-Effect

Heat-Tracing System to mitigate wax buildup in the well production tube to
maintain consistent oil flow from reservoir to topside.

The PetroTrace heaters installed on these wells varied in length, with the
longest being 6,890 ft (2100 m), and provided power outputs up to 150 W/m for
a total of up to 315 kW per well. Maximum heat transfer was achieved by
installing the heaters within the production tube.

Specific challenges inherent to this type of project included the tight

installation constraints between production tube and casing, thereby
necessitating system deployment through the production tube itself. Another
distinct challenge was in minimizing the topside (i.e. platform) footprint
relative to the power supply and associated system controls. Pentair Thermal
Management was able to combine the systems to a common power and
control scheme, thereby minimizing the need for several large pieces of
topside equipment.

Production rates of over 20,000 BOPD have been facilitated by the use of the
PetroTrace STSi Heating systems, which were instrumental to achieving such
high, uninterrupted flow rates.

WELL DESCRIPTION

Location: Maari Oilfield, New Zealand

Initial Conditions: Waxy crude, new wells

Well Type: Horizontal, 4,265 ft (1,300 m) from

the surface

Heater Technology Selected: PetroTrace STSi Skin-Effect Trac-

ing System for Flow Assurance
along length of well

6 PENTAIR MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS

THERMAL
OILFIELD SERVICES FOR ELECTRIC
DOWNHOLE HEATING
Pentair Thermal Management is the leading supplier of complete Engineering
and Construction services for Heat Management Systems. This expertise is
offered for Downhole Heating applications as well, combining superior
products with engineering expertise, complete engineering deliverables and
qualified installation services.

ENGINEERING SERVICES
Understanding the effects of heat transfer in oil wells is a complex study.
Pentair Thermal Management can produce and supply wellbore thermal mod-
els and temperature profiles to better show the interaction of a PetroTrace
Downhole Heating system within the wellbore.

In addition, Pentair Thermal Management utilizes computational fluid

dynamics and other management tools to ensure that each PetroTrace
Downhole Heating system is engineered to match the application and
environmental requirements.

ENGINEERING DELIVERABLES
A complete set of engineering drawings and detailed operation and
installation instructions are provided with each PetroTrace Downhole Heating
System allowing for safe and accurate system installation and maintenance.

INSTALLATION SERVICES
Our Tracer Turnkey Solutions team has over 20 years of experience in the
installation of PetroTrace Downhole Heaters and over 40 years installing Heat
Management Systems throughout the oilfield industry. Installation and
commissioning services can be provided with all PetroTrace Downhole
Heating Systems.

ELECTRIC DOWNHOLE HEATING SYSTEMSOILFIELD

FLOORHEATING
SERVICES 7
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS FOR THE
OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
Whether Upstream or Downstream, onshore or offshore, Pentair Thermal Management can supply the Oil and Gas
Industry with the products and services required to maintain consistent production flow from reservoir to refinery.

FLOW ASSURANCE

In the case of Flow Assurance applications, PetroTrace

Downhole Heating Systems are engineered to run
external or internal to the production tube to deliver
heat along the entire length of the production tube, or
only in the locations where it is required to maintain
production.

Subsea
transfer line

Offshore

Flow Onshore
Assurance

PREINSULATED TUBING
Use preinsulated tubing when steam,
condensate and small diameter lines should be
insulated or waterproofed to protect personnel
or conserve energy.

PRETRACED AND PREINSULATED TUBING BUNDLES

Raychem tubing bundles deliver
maintenance-free freeze protection and
temperature maintenance for impulse and
sample lines.

CONTROL AND MONITORING

Pentair Thermal Management DigiTrace brand
offers the most complete line of heat-trace control
and monitoring systems from single circuit
mechanical thermostats to multi-circuit
microprocessor-based networked systems.

SAFETY SHOWER
The ShowerGuard pretraced, preinsulated Safety
Shower/Eyewash Station is designed to minimize
field installation requirements and maximize
product integrity, while eliminating the numerous
disadvantages associated with field installation of
electric heat-tracing cable, insulation, and
moisture barrier jacketing.

PIPE FREEZE PROTECTION

PROCESS TEMPERATURE MAINTENANCE
Pentair Thermal Management heat-tracing
Pentair Thermal Management heat-tracing
products reliably prevent freezing of water and
systems reliably maintain the elevated
other fluids in pipes in all diameters and lengths.
temperatures in all types of fluid filled pipelines.

8 PENTAIR MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS

THERMAL
 LONGLINE HEATING
Pentair Thermal Management longline systems
are designed for freeze protection and
temperature maintenance where circuit lengths
require 125 or more meters of heating cable.

TANK INSULATION
Trac-Loc is a standing lock-seam insulation panel
system that delivers structurally superior,
maintenance-free and lower cost insulation than
conventional tank insulation systems.

LEAK DETECTION
TraceTek leak detection systems can detect and
pinpoint the source of a leak, whether the concern
Gathering center / is gasoline, jet fuel, diesel, crude oil, acids, bases
storage tanks or contaminated water.

TANK HEATING
Pentair Thermal Management provides a wide
selection of heat-tracing solutions for freeze
protection and maintaining fluid temperatures in
small, medium and large-volume, industrial
storage tanks.

POWER DISTRIBUTION PANELS

Dedicated power distribution panels provide
control, ground-fault protection, monitoring and
alarm functions for electrically traced systems.

FIRE & PERFORMANCE WIRING

Pentair Thermal Management wiring products
provide the ideal solution to many difficult and
demanding installations and are suitable for
hazardous, fire-rated, radioactive and high
temperature applications.

Gathering and
transfer lines

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY (EOR)

Bottom-hole PetroTrace Downhole Heating Systems for EOR
heating applications utilize electro-thermal cables affixed
to the outside of the production tube, at the
perforation of the wellbore, to provide heat to the
near wellbore area to reduce crude viscosity in
Heavy Oil reservoirs.

ELECTRIC DOWNHOLE HEATING SYSTEMSOILFIELD

FLOORHEATING
SERVICES 9
 WWW.THERMAL.PENTAIR.COM

NORTH AMERICA EUROPE, MIDDLE EAST, AFRICA ASIA PACIFIC LATIN AMERICA
Tel: +1.800.545.6258 Tel: +32.16.213.511 Tel: +86.21.2412.1688 Tel: +55.11.2588.1400
Fax: +1.800.527.5703 Fax: +32.16.213.603 Fax: +86.21.5426.2917 Fax: +55.11.2588.1410
Tel: +1.650.216.1526 thermal.info@pentair.com cn.thermal.info@pentair.com thermal.info@pentair.com
Fax: +1.650.474.7711
thermal.info@pentair.com

Pentair, PetroTrace and We manage the heat you need are owned by Pentair or its global affiliates. All other trademarks are the property of their
respective owners. Pentair reserves the right to change specifications without prior notice.

2009-2013 Pentair.

THERMAL MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS GB-PetroTraceOilfieldheatingsystemsNAM-SB-H58453 01/13