16 4 1 ( 19

4 220 ) 61 8 4

t 1 |

NJ .

'PttyJ
, !

l
and inspmatiOn tO
non kalJtt backgrounds
the seenl:ng:v
Ka:Wal[

Part l>
( )
1)

:: ||111 II ]:111111a1110f
1 2

Do you asPire tO be a kanji heavyweight by passing*JLPT
? 1945
Level 1 0r 2/but find that the enthusiasln you once had for kanii
1006
learning has waned?Do you sometilnes question whether the
kanji learning inaterials you are now using will eventually lead 7
you to mastery of the l 945 general use(joyo)kanii or eVen Ofthe
?
l 006 education(kyoiku)kanji?IIave you ever felt discouraged

when comparing your own progress in JapaneSe tO that of your
!

Chinese classmates?If 50/Welcome to Kanji Breakthrough. 3
Unlike our Chinese counterparts those of us hailing frOm the
rong side of the Kanji Wall face the fOrmidable/triple task of

tackling the shape lneanings and pronunciations of kanji.Kanji

Breakthrough wil1 9ffer a wealth of practical advice to learners " 1

from non kanji backgrounds on how they can break thrOugh the 2
seemingly impenetrable Kanji Wall master JLPT Level l and 2
kanii and achieve true literacy in JapaneSe.

In the first several installments we will explore the most
5
effective ways to learn the shapes of kanii before turning our
attention to their meanings and inyriad pronunciations.

Japanese elementary school students with their uncritically
receptive lninds lnemorize the shapes of l 006 characters in six 6
1006
years thrOugh rote learningo Since ntost adults possess advanced
POWerS Of 10gic abstraction and concentration rarely seen in chil
dren it should nOttake them six years to accomplish the same task. 1006 6
Many adults find that a systematic logic based approach t0 1earn
ing the shapes of kanjiis more effective than rote memorization.

Component analysis systematically breaks each kanji
down into cOmponent parts of one to ten strokes/and then assigns
a name to each and every component.Many of these components 10
are traditional radicals/such as (sword) 5(stone) and (bird).
: J
Learners can easily recall the correct shape of othen ise hopelessly

complex kanji by linking the names of their components together
in vivid stories.
Using component analysis learners view kanji not as whole

units but as the sum oftheir parts.Let/s get started with a building

block approach to learning kanii!

JLPT=Japanese Language Proficiency Test

50
 Take a 100k at the fo owing 12 diagrams.They represent some of the more common pat
terns of kanii conStruction. A L 12
12 Diagrams of Kanii cOmponents>

7 21a !d s d
241 2 A L ?
e follo g JLPT Leve1 2 kanii be10ng?

ilTI 1 2. ( )a | )4. ( )5. ( )6.

7. ( )8. ( )9,
(

( ,lo. ( )11. ( )12. (

13. ( )14. ( )15. { )16. ( ,17. 1 )18. |

19. 1 )20. 1 )21. ( )22. ( )23. | )24. |

!(2)
in the diagrams below write the components of each of the 24 kanil in their proper
spaces.(You wi need to dravv the lines first}.The shape ofthe kanii mav become somewhat
distorted when its components are broken apart.
( )

|| 1111.(
=
||||111 |||| 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

|
9. 10. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.

Kanii Heavyweight Strategies

l)Keep a kanji shape noteb00k,Sketch the 12 diagrams above(as vell as others yOu encounter on your
own)in the nOtebook one to a page and file ne v kanil yOu vantto learn on the appropriate page.
2)lVith youF perSOnal computer and printer/(or a copy lnachine enlarger) lnake large lettered versiOns
of kanji you are learning.Cutthem up into components.Lay the cOmponents out and see how many
different kanii yOu can construct fFOm memory.Race a partner to see who can build kanji faster(A
full set of kanji cOmponent cards is available at www.okunokaruta.com: No l |1800/
,

1)
1 12 (
)
2) ( )

Ansvvers: See p.85

2004 51

I EPORT

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54-12

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p.51 (1)

1. / 2. / /
3. / / 4. /
2.B 3.
8.D 9.
K 4.C
G lo.
5,F
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6. I

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13.G
14.A 15. B 16. 17.C 18. H 19.l
5. / 20.A 21. K 22. L 23. D 24. E

42004
1
85
 and insp:ration to
n083 kanJi backg ounds
the seerllnglv
Ka I Wa :

Mary Sisk Noguchi

Associate Professor Meijo University/The Japan Times
columnist,Kanii Cmnic{http: www kaniiclinic com}

Part l>

2.

fI 1::I:II:::::11,I,1111''1'1

Many adult kanil learners froln non kanji backgrounds have

a deep need to see order not chaos in kanii and a natural inclina

tion to break thelll dol n into lnanageable parts.1 hen you learned
( like )early in your JapaneSe studies for example you may "
have utilized the following silnple innemonic device: lVomen
like children .
( ) 5
Your teacher probably introduced you to radicals/ the 214

kanji components traditionally used to classify characters in kanii 214
dictionaries.You learned that some radicals are general use li )
( : ) ( :'/
kanji(e.g. shell tongue)or altered versions Of them(e.g. /
/ )
wate 1/ hand) and you prObably became familiar with a few < / / ( )>
other common radicals as well(e.g./ rOad diff) As you tack

led the shapes of increasingly complex kanji
however you may

have lostthe ability to decompose each ne v character into all of its

component parts causing your kanii Study to become ll ired in the
mud.
Fortunately several self instruction kanii teXtbOoks systemat
1945
ically break the l 945 y Characters down into all of their compo

nents.One of them/= K
ABC~ takes a building block FKatt ABCJ
approach presenting graphically silnPle kanji first so they can be
used for inemorizing the shapes of more complex characters.The

book prOvides one concise keyword for 483 different components:
483
Some of these are visually silnPle kanii and traditional radicals
vhile others are combinations of components used to avoid unrea
sonable fragmentation of kanii(e.g herbs X frol l heaven

satan and tt structure).
( : < > < > <
Kno vledge of kanji components can be invaluable as you > < >)
march confidently forl ard to break through the Kanji Wall and
achieve true literacy in Japanese.How many ofthe 30 kaniiCOmpo J

nents in today/s lesson do you already know?
(Note:For each of the 30 example components belo v one 30
JLPT Leve1 2 kanji containing the component as well as the lnean
ing ofthe kanji is provided). ?
( :30
2
=K 777:ABC-4 Sys
lll
A
J
Sa C
by Andreas Foerster&

Naoko Tamura Charles E Tuttle Co ` 1994 ` )

50
 !(1)
Some kanii cOmponents are yO kanil Match each lioyo kanil COmponent below wtth s
keyword.Can you find the componentin each example kanil?
1 10 A
?

1. { emplovment}2.3({ contact} 3. ( irnprove 4.F]( mple}
5. ( wish} 6. sa } 7. {
{ window 8. { s }

9. shou en 10 on}
01tell l B.plate Ci d00 D:ear
|
Ellmeta

lFIWO man C.hoie
Hlking l I I.lse:f Jllllk |

:11:= : i:1lni 1:ilsarealteredversionsof y kanil.These are not independent

kanil. Match each altered kanii connponent with the kanii frOnn which it originates.
, 1 10 A

1,I{ busy) 2.
{ hLat} 3. soup} 4. L{ polkical party}
5. calcuiate) 6. cttme) 7. drama} 8. { chilled)

9. law) 10.
{ catch)

||. |1

1 bamboo 3.


9 |

|1 hand G. ger i

1' 11111rl |11 |

:(3)
Here are 10 more components that are not independent kanil.Like the 20 examples
above they are a traditionai radicals.Match each with its keyword.
10 2 A
:

1.j war) 2. package) 3.F(

{ hurt) 4. asheg
5.L{ tag) 6 J( engrave) 7. { remains} 8. { honOrricl
9. { to set) 10 a
httc dttn

Ai bones B.cliff C,rice wine p. ||||| l |IE:| 1111

Fi svvord G,Spear H.sickness 1:dilili101101 1 |111"|||||

Kanii Heavyweight Strategies

l)Look at the 214 radicals/English meanings listed at www.kanjiclinic.com/radicalnames.htm.Rarely
used radicals are noted.Write the radicals you have seen before along with a keyword for each in
your kanii Shape notebook(see the 2 pril issue for details).List the kanji you know containing each
radical.
2)Read a review of K ABC at www.kaniiClinic.com/reviewabc.htm.Consider purchasing it Or One
Of the Other component analysis texts reviewed on the site.
3)Write the 30 kanji from this lesson in pattern boxes.

1)214 www ka in CO m/rad Jnames htm (
p51
) J(4 )

2)www kanl in com/re ewabc htm Kalll ABC

3) J 30
Answers: See p.85

51
52004
 TEST

225 4 21
2 6 11 ( 19 ) 2 4 22
2 25 -4 21




>6 (1 ) 7000

>

)

:
nihongo@jetro.9o.ip

http://www.letrO.90.jp4etrOtest
10

I ECRUITMENT

:14:00 16:00 18:30 20:30
:
= =

= c 1070052
2-19-8

, = = 2= 4F
, : 2
5
15/10 12 14 17 19
:
26/2 4 7 11
9
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1 2 5
:

4/16 19 21 23 26
(DNEP)
E5/21 24 26 28 31 r03-3589-3561 [ 03-3589-3573
36/14 16 18 21 23 dnep@bna.cO.jp http:// .bna.co.ip

(2)
p.28 CD : ? 1.1 2. 3.D 4iC 5.A
1. / 6.H 7.C 8.E 9.B lo.F
2. /
3. / / (3)
4. / 1.G 2. 3.H
5. / 4.B 5.D 6.F
7.A 3. 9.1
p.51 Kanji Breakthrough 10.C
(1)
1.D 2.F 3.: 4.A 5.H
6.8 7.G 8. 9.C 10.E

52004
85

 and inspmatiOn tO
non kalJi baCkgrounds
the see 111nglv
Ka I Wall

Mary Sisk Noguchi

Associate Professor Mei,o Un:Versity The apan T:mes
columnist Kan,C niC{http /www kaniic nIC COm

Part l>

3.

"


Kanli Breakthrough
In this month s lesson we will continue to discover order in
the shapes of kanji making full use of our adult powers of logic.
a building
Kanii Breakthrough utilizes component analysis

block leaming system that breaks chaFaCters down into their com
1)
prising parts and assigns a keyword to each part.As weleamed in ( : F)
last month s lesson compOnents can be:1)radicals that are not 2) ( : ) 3)

independent kanji(e.g. rice wine sickness) 2)independent 1
general use 9 O)kanji(e.g ea woman),and 3)combina ( : )

tions of radicals used to avoid unreasonable fragmentation of kanii
,
(e.g. frOm heaven structure.)
Textbooks designed for beginning foreign kanji learners 1 2
from non kanii baCkgrOunds typically intrOduce the characters pre
scribed by Japan s linistry of Education Culture Sports Science ( ) 4
1 2
and Techno10gy for elementary school first and second graders,all

80 kanji tested in ttJLPT Leve1 4 are first or second grade charac
ters. ]
But many graphically simple characters from the higher
2
/

grades can be used as building blocks for inemorizing more colll

2
PleX kanii.For example/ sPot and : store/ both taught to
Japanese second graders include a geneFal uSe( y kanii
fortune telling not introduced to them until junior high.Even 3
though (ax)is a cOmponent in JLPT Leve1 3 characters like 1

(close)and (new) you will not be tested on it until Level l.
When yOu learned the second character in 77 0"Studyll in
beginning Japanese did you also memorize its joyo kanji compo
nents bow
and insect ? ? '

The frequency of use of components like and tt as

independent characters is relatively low/but for kanjl leaFnerS tak

ing an analytical from the ground up approach they serve as
highly useful building blocks.In the following exercises we will

practice remembering one keyword for every component in indi
1
vidual kanji focusing on iOyO kanji components not tested until

JLPT Levell.

=

S Il ll.all g P 9 C
lr Tgs`

50
 !(1)
Find the component common to each set of JLPT Leve1 2 4 kanil.A keyword is given for
each component.A components are LPT Levei l kanil.
2 4 1

|:: : ||:

1. '
t ngue) 2.
:__{lttle b

3. (again} 4.
:__{sen
5.
(b W}
6. :__lprOfesdon}

7. {h le) 8.
:___rami namd
9. (arrOW}

lo. :___{sheeJ

lli::1'1[;ilil fol !ch of the components in the kanil be10W {Notel The shapes of
kanii mav become somewhat distorted when their components are broken aparo.
( :
)

|*I (tll)| A.

4.

ax

i
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

she:: 5.

10.

11.
12.

13.
14.

15,

16.



17. 19.

18. 20.

21. 22.

23.

24.

25. 26.



27.

28.

Kanii Heavyweight Strategies

l)Read reviews of the following resources each of which provides keywords for all the cOmponents
comprising the l 945 joyo kanji at www.kanjidinic.com:K rfJi`ABC Andreas Forester&Naoko
Tamura(Charles E.Tuttle),2 l K
JOSeph R,De Roo(Boniinsha) R rirrg` OL
`K
JameS W Heisig(Japan Publications Trading Co.).
2)WheneVer you encounter a new kanji component make a flashcard for it with one keyword written
on the back.

1) bttb h m 1945 3
FKanl ABC ( & ) 2001 Ka ( ) Remembettng the Katti vOI (
)
2)
Answers: See p.85

51

2004

NEW TVPROGRAM

,

NHK



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=
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1

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( 4 [ ;

)


llHK



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(1 NHK

1/1
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WEB 1 i || | |1 11

The Japan zOne
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11 |
1 ,

http://
v.japan zoneocom

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=. 1
= Ihe l

2004

2

1, 1
:
,1 ||
apan Forum )
:

(
_
_


Modern Japan_
|

:~New to JapanJ

(2)
: ? |
| 1123 c D . 1ltOngue 2.stand 3.ten 4i Soil

1 / |
15160il 1 6.!itt10 bit 7.Oar 8.again
2111 | / 19,water lo. jOint ll..elf 121 bowl
||| / 13.: e 14.bOw 15.10e
141 1 16. OtringS 11 7.pr6fes,:On
/ 81 mouth1 19.hol
20i nin 21:building
IKa j:Breakthrough
15 22.family name

| (1) 231 one 1 24. arrow
3. 4. 5.
|121 25.bean 26.road l
61 || : 8. 9. 10. 27.soil . 20i Sh ep

62004
85



1'
and nsp: atlom to
non kalJi baCkgrounds
the seenllng[v
KattE Wa:l

Mary Sisk Noguchi

mes
:: ,3 tttF/ littI
,

Part l>

4. 1

IF,1:: 11,T,,T, Kanil Breakthrough

Velcome back to Kanii Breakthrough.So far we have been
discovering how to systematically decompose individual kanil intO
all of their components and assign a specific English name/or ` '

keyvord to each component.This inOnth we will turn our atten

4000
tion to remembering a story that vividly links these keywords lvith
the core meaning ofthe kanji.
The first kanji produced 4 000 years ago in China/were sinl
ple pictographs. Over the ensuing lnillennia/these pictures

became l ore abstract and complex and expressed various aspects

of daily life in ancient China:fanlily food nature war/and reli
glon.
Kanji have been simplified and othenvise modified as gener

ation after generation passed theln down to the next and scholars

have long struggled to trace the origins and development Of indi
vidual characters.Their often divergent opinions can be confusing. 1945
Unfortunately traditional etymological studies do nOt se e as an
organized system for learning Japan/Sl 945 general use 0)Char_

acters.

Attempts to plow through hundreds of etymological exPlana
tions willlikely only increase your kanji memow problems.These
explanations are helpful AFTER you have lnastered the shapes and 1
(
basic ineanings of the kanii beCause of the valuable insights
A Guide to Remembenng
they offer into the often varied connotations of individual charac Japanese Characters (TutJe)|

ters.[Kenneth Henshal1/s A Guide to Remembering JapaneSe )
Characters (Tuttle)is an excellent resource].
Several self instruction texts that provide lnemory friendly ` '
1
stOries not rigidly linked to traditional etymology are available for
2001 Kanil (
learning kanji shapes and nleanings.One of these is JOSeph R.De )
Roo s 2001 Kanii (BOniinsha).De Roo spent years investigating
ancient Chinese histoor and culture in order to develop a unique

system for exPlaining the origins of all the
kanji By recalling
learners can easily reconstruct the
these entertaining kanji tales
comprising components of characters and link them to their core
meaning.Let s take a look atsome of De Roo s stOries containing ` '

the component 5 (stand).

54
 !(1)
te the kanilin !(2) you will need to remember a keyword for
in order to w
each of the following cOmponents. Hovv manv do YOu alreadv know?Check your answers
before moving on to !(2).{Answers p.89)
I(2)
!(2) ( p89)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.+ 6. 7. 8. 9. lo.

!(2)
Read each of De Roo s stOries aloud while writing the components it contains in the
proper spaces in the box.The core meanings of the kanil are written under their boxes.
Keywords for components and core meanings for kanil are Capitalized within the stories.
` '
'

(St ry)People in ancient (St

PARENT
)Responsible PAR (St
NEW
)l hen a NEW
China used to listen for ENTS living near a forest homestead was built in
the SOUND ofthetemple (a STAND of TREES) China a forest(a STAND
bell morning and even carefuHy WATCH their of TREES)had to be cut
ing at the moment when children who lnight be in down with AXES.
the STANDING SUN was danger of wild aniinals or
on the horizon. bandits.

RANK







)RANK is a PER (St )A GRAIN of (St /7) The ancient (St
(S

SON S STANDING inthe unc00ked RICE STANDS Chinese were expected to BROTHERS STAND face
COMPETE
)TW0 0LDER

social order. alone apart from the oth suppress emOtions. Vhen to face ready to COM
ers. VEEPING tears(made of PETE for power in the
VATER)were supposed family.
to STAND in the eyes
instead of running down
the face.

Kani:Heavvweight Strategies
l)Perhaps you have discovered that inechanically copying characters over and over does not insure
theiF Shapes willremain in your memory weeks or months later.Instead learn a vivid story for every
kanji you hope to master/and develop the habit of repeating it to yourself as you write out the char
acter.When Paper and pencil aren/t available use your finger to sketch out kanjl on your palnl or in
the air.
2)Read reviews of 2001 Kanii and OtheF teXtS that provide kanii StOries at www.kanjiclinic.com

1)
` '
` '
2) kattb nt m ` ' 2001 Ka
Ansvvers: See p.89

55


F
1 156o
tl
f
rmens

a olivares Alla
t t
|= 7 21
`

WEB
Event NAW
http://meikooweboinfoseekoco.ip/ http:// eventnavi.ne.jp/

:
5
7 J


`

8 545
2
' ,

:28 CD : ? !(2
11 / 1 |( 0
2. / ( ) | |
3:1 / ( ) |
)

2.

4. 1/ ( ) .

4.
5, / ( / ) |

p.55 Kanii Breakthr gh

6.

!(1) |
1:stand 2.suh |:1 ater 4.|lrson
5,ten 6.tree 7=01der br th r

7.
81 ax 9.rice 110.Wat h l

72004
89

 and nspiratlon lo
non kalJi baCkgrounds
the seenl EEg:v
Ka:Wa[1

Mary Sisk Noguchi

Associate Professor Melio UniVersity/The apan Times
columnist Kanii CIinic(http: www kanlc!inic com)

Part l>

5. "

Fr 1: Kani Breakthrough

J
In Kanji Breakthrough we are taking a logical systematic
( )
approach to remembering the shapes and lmeanings of kanji.Using

component analysis/ learners break characters down into all of

` '

their components each of vhich has been given a specific English
name or keyword and then remember a sto7 that ViVidly links 2001 Ka J(7 )
togetherthe components and the core meaning ofthe kanii.
Textbooks such as Joseph R.De Roo/s 2001 Kanii (See last ( )
month/s lesson)provide lllemorable/ready made component
analysis stories. But some devotees find that kanii stOries of their ]
olvn creation etch the characters lllore deeply in long terln memor
Perhaps from tilne to tilne you have utilized your olvn life experi

ences and imagination to create mnemonic stories for kanji.What
:
you may have lacked vas an Organized systen fOr isolating and 1945
nallling all of your story pieces
the components ofthe 1/945 gen

eral use li ).
JameS W Heisig provides iust Such a system in his self :Rememberng the

instruction text Remembering the Kanii I A Complete Course on Ka lJ( )
How Not to Forget the leaning and Writing of Japanese =
Characters/ (Japan Publications Trading Company).Heisig also 500 |

demonstrates how to create effective kanii mnemOnics by sharing

500 of his own humorous/grotesque and other vise entertaining
1500
kanji tales.He then asks learners to create their own stories for the
| ` '
remaining 1/500 characters.

While Heisig names some components based on traditional =

usage(e.g. soil t and sheep he assigns memorably
)
1 : | ]
humorous names to others such as turkey/ ketChup and sun J
glasses.
A block by block story by story apprOach like Heisig s lnay
hat you need to breathe life back into your kanii studies.
be just l

To find out if his lnethod is right for you/take a look at the first

125 pages of Remembering the Kanii I especially Heisig/s

provocative 12 page critique of the kanii learning methods tradi FRemembettng the Ka lJ 125
tionally used for adult foreign learners(Accessible from the links
Page at WWW kaniiClinic.com). '
Vhether you utilize ready lnade kanji stories or create your D
own eliminate the phrase K z ,s
from your life

forever.No kanji is too difficult you silnply haven t discovered
` '
the right story for it yet.

56
 In Order to write the kanji in !(1) yOu will 1(1)

need to know Heisig s keywords for the following components(A
(
brief explanation is provided for each):
)

L
DAGGER TURTLE DELUGE CHAR10T
The traditional name Heisig uses this Pictures a turtle
fOr) is"advance key ord to distin shell used in lttIF tth: fus[:
guish from its in war as a chariot.
:h]31:Itl IS i=1:t[_T:
: :I(river). As a kanji it
variant
means"army.1
kanil inv lving a kanji it means
movement. Omen."

ti sJttd w e w e mpone h tte r"_

er spaces in the box. he core meaning of each kaniliS VVritten underits box.Components and
core meanings are capitalized within the stories.
` '
` '

ENVIRONS PATROL
To keep your ENVIRONS
free of Pollution produc
cement DAC
ing traffic
GERS pointed up in the
ROAD.





When ESCAPING from
somethin&you feel you are
not moving fast enough
like a TURTLE on a super
HIGHVAY(ROAD).
A virtual DELUGE of
motorcycle police wash
ing down a ROAD is
this kanji s image for a
PATROL.

In Order to create your own stories for the kanjiin 1(2)

` '
!(2) you will need to know Heisig/s keywords for the follow

ing components.

FLAG

KETCHUP









a ) owing kanil.The COre meaning of each kanii
and Heisig s keywords for components are provided.My story for the first kanil is on the
answer page.Have funl
` '
` '

EVADE ACCOMPLiSHED


ponents:load ketchup Components:road soil
sheep

Ansvvers: See p.95

2004 57
 5 ( )
F

JesSe ttu
/ 2004
Antonius R Ptto P
*8 8

WEB PICTURES ARCHIVES

Sight seeingJapan

http:
.dghiseehg iapan,com/ http://
aglanceoorg/kana/

5000 3

|

J


10

J J
|

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p.57 Kanji
p.42 CD : ? !

1. /
2. /
3. /
4. / !(2)
5. / : To warn drivers of his herd of SHEEP,a
shepherd attaches a FLAG on a long stick to
each before sending them across the ROAD.
On each ttag is wtttten:SLOW down!

82004
95

 and insp:ratton lo
momJ i baCkgrOunds
the seenling:v
Ka :Wa:

Mary Sisk Noguchi

Associate Professor Meilo UniVersity The Japan Tirnes
columnist Kanii C nic{http: www kan,clinic com)

Part 2>

6.

1945 1 1
One of the mOst Femarkable features of kanji is their ability 1
to convey both sound and ineaningo Each of the l 945 general use
y )Characters inay have several and in some cases a dozen or
more-lneanings.For inany learners from non kanji backgrOunds a

counterproductive desire to master every aspect of every kanii
1
including all of its ineanings/before mOving On to the next charac

ter can drain momentum from their studies.Instead of trying to () )
memorize a mass of data about the meanings of individual kanii
consider the advantages of using the revolutionary memOry aid
system presented by Jack HalpeFn in his New Japanese English
Character Dictionary (Kenkyusha).
In addition to pFeSenting the detailed lneanings of each char 1

acter/as other kanji dictionaries do Halpern selects one concise

English word that conveys the fundamental sense of that particular
kanji.This core lneaning se es as a pivot linking the various 2 1
meanings of the character into an integrated conceptual unit.
Characters with an especially large number Of meanings lnay have
two core rneanings. for example/is a headache indring JLPT
20
Leve1 2 character that can signal over 20 different lneanings
,oint
including:joint knot node/season occasion annual festival para season of the year 2 ,
graph/section Inelody/econol lize be lnoderate principle and
fidelity. Halpettn selects joint and season of the year as the
two core meanings for this semantically complex character.
Core ineanings are easy to memorize and enable the learner
to grasp the fine differences and silnilarities between kanji syn

onyms.C)ther ineanings can be added later with relative ease in

the same way that children moving into adolescence add new 4
meanings to words they already know in their native language. pany J
Four year old English speakers for instance are aware that party
refers to a birthday party only later do they learn that it also refers
to a political party. This lifelong coping ability to gradually
has
attach additional nleanings to a particular vocabulary item

been largely overlooked in foreigners'kanji studies.
Resist your desire to learn all the lneanings of individual
kanii at Once and inemorize core meanings insteado Watch an
organized systeln of core llneanings for the l 945
kanii pay rich
dividends in yourlong Fange kanji studies,

56
 I ct :mmttng from elist ttow br each J thef o
2 3 kanil.SiX meanings for each have been provided.A meanings are from Halpern s New
"JLPT Level
Japanese English Character Dictionary .

( 2 3 ) 6
F ;

2. 3.

role/enlist ariny duty revolve
oll fall over

convert influence
ize

person in charge utility/ move transfe change disguise be vitch

POSt decelve

|
4. 5. 6. 7.

sever/keen urgent to neglect release do as absorb gather in collect grasp Pick remove get

~~| |
the point tulll off finish one pleases radiate
excrete/set fire to
income confiscate require write do vn
shrink

CORE MEANINCI llat1111:=seFViCe' 111t .gl: || |

::::1::] nvey the sense of characters as they occur in high frequencv

:ftl :
compounds.Use Halpernls core meanings to match the fo owing kanii compOunds vvith their
English equivalents:
,= J
|

'

=

||I I`11,.: aulladc
I III,||||||
(1} ar, '| spea
hand bdt dectricity

} ace fea fearfulpathdogical conditio

igh

} df_ l nOt yet accompHshe

uter limits study lear
{4 Qfe_
(5) ooctor trea exceed mistak0
6} uman be g manufacture knorabili
} (many coun regiSte arm

} (mother chld house garde

Kanii Heavyweight Strategies
1)1 rite the core lneanings for all ne v kanil yOu are learning on kanii flashcards.
2)Test your knowledge of core meanings of the l
945 kanji With flash quizzes at
www.manythings.or3/kanii/q/.(Some may differfrom Halpern s).
3)Read reviews by kaniileamers of Halpern s New Japanese English Character Dictionav (Kenkyusha)
and its abridged version

Kanii earner s Dictionav (Kodansha)at www.kanjiclinic.com.

1)
2)www manythings org/kani q/ 1945
( )
3)www kanl n com J F ( )

Ansvvers:See p.95

57
2004
 6

)

AttA


Kwok Man Ho

EB IttEPORT


http://momo.jpfogoojp/sushi/ :

V.diSCo careeriapan.jp/

: 6 261

( )

J
c 1= ?
_ _ 028
==
29 [
:

1000

/t 2 3
:
: |

=: 1 _


Windows
|

p.57 Kanji Breakthrough

p.28 CD : ? !(1)
1, / 1.sevice 2.turn 3.turn into
4.cut 5.let gO 6.take in
:i

F


7.take
4. / |
!(2)
5. / 1.i 2.a 3.f 4.c
6. / 5.h 6.b 7.d 8.g
7. / t

92004
95



and ttnspiration to
nom kal :baCkgrounds
the seemllngiv
Ka :Wa:

Mary Sisk Noguchi

meS
:: ,3 t littI
,

Part 2>

7. ` '

Adult kanji learners who hope tO achieve full literacy in

Japanese need to read extensively in their target language without
time consunting dependence upon a kanii diCtionary.In order to
do this they lnust develop the ability to guess the ineanings of
unfamiliar kanji compound wOrds or

g Although a single
kanji can stand alone to represent an individual word countless 2
Japanese wOrds are rrg composed of two(the majOrity) three ( ) 3

or more kanii As we saw in last month s lesson kanji can have

several distinct ineanings as well as a variety of nuances which

serve as building blocks for producing II 7rg .Remembering one

or atlnost two COre nleanings for each of Japan sl 945 gener

al use liO )kanji will eventually enable you tO discern the lnean 1945
ings of rnOst high frequency Ir g .
1 2
As you strive to achieve this goal you will want to utilize
another highly effective tool for guessing the lneanings of two
character compounds:knowledge of IJg patterns.Kanji are not
/

joined together randOmly to form cOmpOunds,careful analysis 2
reveals a number Of patterns in their construction.In the next three

lessons we will look in detail at nine common Irg patterns

beginning this month with the three below:


#l VERB OB EC 3
prohibit+ smoke= E nO smOking(l
ll 71) 9
avOid+ becOme pregnant= contraceptiOn(71 Jl`rr)
return+ mOney= repayment(77 ) 3 #1 #2 #3

#2 MODIFIER(noun or adjective) NOUN

natiOn+ language= the Japanese language(7cttIIg )

mOrning+ food= breakfast( tt s )

holy+ war holy war(s Fs )

#3 SUBJEC PREDiCATE
grOund+ quake= arthquake li s )
t gun+ kill=
t execute by firing squad rrS )

human being+ manufacture= artificial(=S

)

: i
ote:All(ore meanings used fOr the
lrg in this lesson are from Jack HalPem S F (
e JaPanese English Character Dictionav (Kenkyusha). < > )
 1:111111112slnolllsju gO patterns do each ofthe fo owing compounds belong?
3 7

#l VERB OBJECT
#2 MODIFIER(noun Or adieCt e) NOUN
#3 SUBJECT PREDICATE

III |||1
II |1|||||||II #2
''
1 sun+ sink= sunset( b
=s
J )

2. electFiCity+ wave= radio wave O

3. bone+ break off= bOne fracture ttOss iS )

4. emit+ heat= attack Of fever

=" =s
)

ls
5, outside+ vehicle= fOreign made car )

6. 10se+ status= disqualiication(s
)

e :nh" match
:
l'Mttltth
s u g pl
equivalents.To Which ofthis month

3

1 re=`||= t,t
=
'
1.putin order+ shape=

2. parent+ finger=( )(
3. alone+ bOdy= ( )(
4. sun+ eat= ( )( )
5. pOur+ mind= ( )(
6. beans+ rot= ( )( )

Kanii HeavyWeight Strategies

l.Analyze the constnlction of two character ll` ,` you encounter fOr the first tilne in order to deter
mine if they fall within one of the three patterns in today s lesson.Make lists of compounds you
already know that fitthese pattems.
2.Levels 2 6 of the Kanii PrOfiCiency Exalllination(Kanken)include questions on ZA rrg construction.

Check out Kanken preparation inaterials at your local Japanese bookstore.To learn inore about the
Kanken visit www.kanidinic.col ankeninfo.htm.

1 3
3
2 C ) 2 6

katt d n c COmlkanken nfo him
v

Answers: See p.93

 7
(
01(
)

[ ]

PDANELISTS REQUIRED
2005

http://1anguageotiu.acoip/

|11
1 lr I

|:,,

>2005 6 30 15 27

>2005 7 18 8 18
,

32 ( )
>
| ,:
||

( ) >2004 10 15 (15 19 )

2004 11 15 (20 27
)

>

tit , || 0
~ ( RP)
| J.
|,
:='
03-3589-3587 03-3589-3573

,

[
jrp@bna.co,ip tt WWW bna.co.ip4rp
11

URL

[:
==

p.55 Kanii Breakthrough

p.32 CD : ? !(1)
1. /1 ( / ) 1. 3
2. / ( / ) 4. 1
3. / ( / )

4. / ( / ) !(2)
5. / ( / ) 1. d,1 2. e, 2 b,2
6. / ( / ) 4.f,3 5.c, 1 a,3
7. / ( / )

93
102004 =
|


N



and inspiration to
on kanJ:backg o EEdS
the seerEling:v
Ka:Wall

Part 2>

8.
Mastl111 l 1 111 | |||| |||l 11|1111 III ( )


Figuring out the nteanings of unfallliliar kanii compOund

l ords g )Can be challenging for nOn native speakers who 2

aspire to liteFaCy in JapaneSe.As we discovered in last month s les

son knowledge of the construction patterns of t vo character lr lr

g can inake the task easier.For many kanii learners seeing a logi
2
cal relationship between the two kanii comprising an unfamiliar
compound n akes it easier to grasp the ord s llleaning and hold it
in long term memory.
In Part 2 of Kanji BreakthrOugh ve are looking at nine con Kanli Breakthrough Part 2
mOn g patterns.Last month s patterns were:#l VERB 9
OBJECT(example: prOhibit+ smOke= nO smOking 3 #

),#2 MODIFIER(noun Or adjective) NOUN( mOrning+ 1 #2
( : )

food= breakfast Jl s71 and#3 SUBJECT PREDICATE

7r)
( ) : )
(

grOund+ quake=earthquake
S
72):Let s take a look
#3 ( : )
3
at the next three patterns:

#4 SI IILAR MEANINGS #4
rOad+ rOute= rOad( ) 3
obstinate+ firm= stubborn
)
2 2
to go out+ to begin fonvard movement= departure 2

(sIIIr

=Str)
As demonstrated in the threo examples above
g exhlbiting this Pattern are

commonly comprised oftwo noun kallli twO adlective kanji or i o velb kal li

#5 CONTRASTIVE MEANINGS #5
up+ down=JLtt up and down g ) 2
husband+ wife= married couple )
2 3
ten thousand+ ^one=; unlikely event(1.e. one chance

in 10 000)(J77 ff J7 )

The rtA70 kallli may represent opposites as in the first example above or con
trastive 7ords as seen in the second h
o examples

#6 NEGATIVE PREFIX #6
nOt+ dear= obscure lrifrII ) 4
is nOt+ nOrmal= emergency( )
without+ limit= infinite(llI )
nOt yet+ wed= unmarried )
and tt are four negative prefixes commonly used in Japanese com
pound, ords ltis useltllto learn a distinct core meaning for each

56
 !(1)
Match the fo ovving kanii COmpOunds vvith their English equivalents.TO which Of this
month s three ffag patterns dOes each cOmpound belong?
3

?

I II lmllarmollyll II )|(14)

l. spear+ shield= ( )( )
2. without+ argument= ( )(
3. passiOn+ 1 ve= ( )( )
4. not yet come= ( )( )
5. 1 ng+ short= ( )( )
6. interchange+ pass thrOugh= ( )(

!(2)
SO far in Kanil BreakthrOugh we have exp10red SiX t4g patterns.TO whlch pattern
does each Ofthe fo ovving cOmpOunds belong? "
6
?

1 ||||
|||I ||||I
I^| I II|, 11

1. eternal+ 1 ngStanding= permanent( )_

2. water+ washes= ushing e s
3. convex+ concave= unevenness(
)

4. new+ yOung man= bridegr00m

r

5. 5 prevent+ sOund=
soundpr00f(b
)

6. not+
ne/s turn=
ff duty
b

change+ change into= transformatiOn(77

.
rC )

8. retreat+ emp10yment= retirement(` s

)

9. not+ pOSSible= a grade Of L failure

lo. skin+ meat= sarcasm klr)
`
11. dots+ drip= intravenOus drip(`

)

12. winter+ sleep= hibernatiOn(

Read more about kanii cOmpOund wOrds at www.kanjiclinic.cOm and watch fOr three more 7rg
patterns in next month s Kanii Breakthrough.Until then happy kaniilearning!
www kanl in COm 3

!

(Answers p.95

2004 57
 , ( )

:

,

F
0 [

771t
3 1

B00K WEB

http://
japanism.net/

158

450




4
,







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ti 0

>630 ( )
l
> T
> 03 3230-9411



`
http: www.sanseido.co.ip/

p.56 KanjI Breakthrough

p.34 CD : ? !(1)
1. / ( / ) 1.g,5 2.d,6 3.f,4
2. / ( / ) 4.e,6 5.a,5 6. b,4
3. / ( / )
!(2)

4. / ( / )
1. 4 2. 3 3. 5 4. 2
5. / ( / )
4 8. 1
5, 1 6. 6 7.
6. / ( /
9.6 10.5 11.
)
3 12.2

1 95
112004


1

111

and lnspirat on to
nom : l baCkgrounds
the seenlinglv
Ka:Wall
I Wall

Mary Sisk Noguchi

mes
: F/ i ,

<Part 2>

9,

11:::1:::::
2 ( )
mttFi
::T to bdd yow
m 9
1

II cI tttLi :
2

3 1lt fttl [ ;
"ku::
l
9

:lT,1 f fl 11

d
T[1: 1:lHo ng kugo pttan #1
` '
]
VERB-OBJECT(example:; prohibit+ smOke=; nO smOk

ing ) #2 MODIFIER(noun or adieCt e) NOUN C]morning

+ food=
` breakfast s #3 SUBJECT PREDICATE
)


lir
t lle 1 :

6 #1
down=
TRASTIVE MEANINGS(L up+~
up and down ( + = ) #2 (
g #6 NECATIVE PREFIX tt not+ clear= obscure ) ( = ) #3
)

ffra) ( + = ) #4

Let s take a look atthe nextthree patterns: ( = ) #5
#7 REDUPLICATION ( + = ) #6
person+A persOn= A peOple( b ) ( = )
= =
3
wide+ wide= spacious( b` )

ocean+, ocean=? r vast( 0 )

As seen in the examples above reduplication can:1)Pluralize a nOun,2)inten
#7 G )

sify the meaning of a mOdiller,or 3)create a mOdifier by reduPlication of a
noun The repetition sylllbol is often used to replace the second kanii(eg 3 1)
= )
2)
#8 ABBREVIATION 3)

lehsp
2

lm]li14r 1

` ' (
= )
:

tion(sII
Tokyo+
`77)
university= Tokyo University( )
#8
Two kal li abbreviations are col llon on but longer ones also exist
2
#9 SUFFIX(
etc )
res01ve+ -like= res01ute( llz")
drama+ tic/ al ish= dramatic )
#9
Japan+
style= JapaneSe style O s
)

54
 !(1)
Match the fo owing kanii COmpounds with their English equivalents.To which of this
month s three Juk g patterns does each compound belong?
3 ?

|I
I=||||| IIII==`|||,
1. thrust+ _like= ( )( )
2. international+ alliance= ( )( )
3. sick+
ish= ( )( )
4. vein+ vein= ( )( )
5. shod period+ university= ( )( )
6. c 1 r+ c 1 r= ( )( )

: 1 li iml

=

1:1: iF11lillatirlsbelourdoeseachofth e fo owing Ju ug belong?

?

|
I
II"|| ||||1 I

I II
|||||| SCh001al : I

)_
1. red+ letters= deficit
2. beJnning+ end= circumstances J
=s
3. PosseS6+ effect= validity
4. gFOund+ self_defense+ fOrce= Ground Self Defense Force rrJiJ)

5. citizens+ ch se= pOpulaF eleCtion(

s

6. proper+
style= formal(s ,s
0
7. spacious+ big= immense(
8. without+ emp10yment unemployed(
s
)

9. step+ step= gradually(

a_

Next montt in Part 3 of Kanii Breakthrough we will turn our attention to the pronunciations of
kanii Until then see you atkanjidinic.com.You can drop Mav a line at kanjiclinic@aol.com.
J Pan 3 ll kattb C m
kattdhiOI m
)8(Answers p.93

55



5 1:



: }

1['

1 ,|
Trev6r MenaOh t
'91 '2
WEB

http://iroha iapan.net/

( 15a) r

3
> 1

>

1
]
J
J TO

J
10

> r

I
:

0834 28 5566 0834 29 2058 i

J

m ext@tOkuyama u.ac.ip

p.54 Kanji Breakthrough

1132 CD !(1)
1. / ( / ) 1.o,9 2.b,8 3.e,9
?: / ( / ) 4.a,7 5.c,8 6.f,7
31 / ( / )

4. / ( / ) !(2)
5. / ( / ) 1.2 2.5 3.1
6. / ( / ) 4.8 5.3 6.9
7.4 8.6 9.7

122004
93

 and insp:Fat10n to
OHE lk l backg ounds
the seenllng[v
Ka :Wall

Part 3>

10.

::
1,



(
)
ftt 1

utilizing phonetic components as an aid to remembering 7r
(Chinese)pronunciations. 1945
150
( : ) 2


components one of which called the radical indicates the gen 1 5 )
eral meaning of the character.The helper component(s)prOvide
additional inforlnation about:1)the lneaning of the kanji or 2)its 1)
2)
3 J

2



are composed of a radical as well as a phonetic component that
indicates the character s Oll pronunciation.Early in your kanji stud

L : 11 lmemb
Od br
ng ie
ttt
5

1 lh ri

: 85%

" L:
i: ,
bd ttrJi I 11 : 11

lr H,F:]t[1
1
Remenbettng the Kanli
fl:
:::|::1
( )
: fI:
.945 gen utt ch s
1945 5
in which the presence of a given phonetic
into:(a) pure groups
(al

: (b)
1
: (c)
2

,T:11 iT
:
#T
r Hfl?
daly approved
pronund
(d) :
(e)
m 11

:

!:R
mp nents that

shoul:tttrttl )l ll: ff iT:frl:: f:Ibl
:
(Note:Oll pronunciations are capitalized in this lessOn).

50

ilc : nent common to the characters h each pure group bdow. l

ofthese components are also independent kanil}.After riting the component and its()N pro
nunciation plug them into the parentheses to get a sample compound word.
J ( )
( )

Lll
| i)1 , , |
kAiSi 1 ( t, culture

"

: as in( ) ( ) Frr Caucasian

: as in( ) (

) COnstruction

/ : as in( ) (
) JI youth

as in( teacher
: )J ( )s`

: as in( ) ( )Jl possibility

Readv forrnore of a cha enge? Some phonetic components are notindependent kanil.

I 1 lF 11:iill lil Iileticcomponentcommont6thecharactersineach pure group

below and write its()N pronunciation.
?

Li:=6 )1 : , .(1 |)
=

:

:

: /

:

:

:

Finally let s look at senll pure groups.

I lF 1liltlcttponentcommontothekanilineaCh semi pure group below
and write its ON pronunciation.Then rite the ON pronunciation for the kanii that is the sin
gle genera use kanil exCeption to the pattern.
J

Exa10 l :1 : : 1/ :( AI)

:
{ :
} 2. :
{ : )
4. { : )

:
{ :
} I

: { : ) 6. :
{]`[:

Ofthe l 945 general use characters 475 fall neatly into pure groups and an additiona1 270 belong
to sel li pure groups in ivhich there is a single exception to the phonetic component pattern.Building

fanliliarity vith these phonetic components lvill put some p01verfultricks up your sleeve as you inatch
wits with the complexities of the Japanese kanji pronunciation system.See you nexttime!Send com
ments to kaniicliniC@aol.com.
1945 475 J 270 1
|

ka d nt@aO cOm
(Answers )p.85

2005% 51
CALENDAR 2005

1 (C) 1 (D) 1 (E)

C

1 (F) (

: :
:1575 ( ) :998 ( )
1 (G)

JAP20JESE ITEM

( )

1 (H)
11890 ( )

( )
:1575 ( ) 1 (1)

: )

:
:630 ( ) 1 (J) p.6

p.50 Kanj:Breakthrough
p.28 CD :(1)
(1)1.E( )(2)1.G( ) 1. /HAKU 2. K0 3. /SEl
2. B( ) 2.D( ) 4. /SEN 5, /KA
3.G( ) 3.B( )
!(2)
4. F( ) 4. A( )
1. /KEN 2. /S0 3. /YU
5.C( ) 5.F( )
4. /SH!N 5. /K0 6. /HEN
6: A( ) 6.C( )
:(3)
7. H( ) 7. H( )
1. /FUKU(FU) 2. /KAN(KEN)
8. D( ) 8.E( )
3. /TAN(CHO) 4. /SEl(SAN)
5, /KO(KAKU) 6. /sH: 0)
(Note:Some kanil hlVe rnOre than one
lrOnunda On e.g.; S ,JO).

85
12005
 and lnsp:Fatl n to
non kalJ:baCkgrolmnds
the seenling:v
KattE Wa:|

Part 3>

11. 1

,


1)
2)
4


?
8




`ken'

sound reading ( `
).These prOnunciations are generally unintelligi
')
ble to Chinese people who have not studied JapaneSe.

Using Chinese characters to represent native Japanese words

mmnttY
( :

wOuld tt ideal H ` '

)
"
=:1 F
: tI:
2
( : )
: :r l : lil111 i:1111

; : [1[ 1
.T i !&
e
and
and
:
arr i C

3 (
t
kanii I : : Fl;, ) 3 (
)
4 2
: //
/ / / 4
/
/
/
: 1

: / / : )
/

hOt Water pail readings ).

: )

50
 !(1)
To which of the four pronunciation patterns does each of the fo owing compounds
belong?(Example compounds are given for each pattern}.

lttf

hnguap


#3 on/kun



F _
(r1/ t both hando (
_
kitchen)
kun/o ( c rOuto o _s placo

||| ,1||:
|||| |

1. ( plum wine)
_s
s demeanOr when drun
3. hOusework)


wor
5.
(s 800d 0
_
o _s qvalityl
`s
7.
a totaD
sports matcD
9. (


t00thPaste)
(s
dentistry)

11.

down payment)


c
rich persolll
`

!(2)
Fill in the FniSSing n or ktrrP yom for each ofthe JLPT Leve1 2 kanilin the fo owing oom
pounds.The pattern number(a are#l or#2 is given as a hint.
1 12. ( 2 ) ( #1 #2)

Exalll I |||1 I
tl I,||
1. (
b 7J bathtub) #2 2. ___ Ot Water suppl
#1
3. (___
early stage) #1 4. (__ y
first snow) #2

5. l
content9 #1 6. (_ interioO #2

7. ( __ caterpillaO #2 8. insecO #1
9. (__
garden planO lo. (___b
vegeta onl #1
`s
11. (_ pOwder) #1 12. (__grrs
powdered medicinO #2
=s

P e ether ttku the bn.or the n /om of (meao,The co

rect answer is n / mi but the chances are goOd that your friend wi sav niku is a un
yomi Whv?This Chinese derived prOnunciation has become so entrenched as a vocabulary
item in the Japanese ianguage that it is often assumed to be a native Japanese wO d.By the
wavrthe{rareiv used} urP ,m for is shishi .

( )

( )

See you next month for the final installment of Kanji Breakthrough.Until then visit w.kanji
dinic.coln/where you can leam much more about kanji prOnunciations.
www kattbl Com

Answers p.85

2005 51
 11 (
)

F 1 2


BrOakthrough apanese"

http://_.netricoh.cOm/cOntents/
http://_ isc.tOyallla u.ac.ip/
varle /hOugen/ hamada/sOng/song_top.htllll

1 Ti

|::]i::[]li
:[1 [[} li lrifi
li]



56 ::
i

F

J

J
J

: l' Fi

p.28 CD
p.50 Kanj:BreakthrOugh
(1) (2) !(1)
1.D( 1.4 2.2 3.1 4.3
) 1. B ( )
2.F( 5.2 6.1 7.1 8.3
) 2. H ( )
3. E( 9.2 1o.1 11.4 12.2
) 3. A ( )
4.B( ) 4. C ( ) !(2)
5.c( ) 5. E ( ) 1.yu 2.to 3.Sho
6.H( ) 6. F ( ) 4.hatsu 5.nai 6.uchi
7.G( ) . G ( ) 7.mushi 8.ch0 9:ue
8.A( ) 8. D ( ) 10.shoku ll.fun 12.kona

*9 FB7
J J

22005 85

 and insp ration to
non kalJi baCkgFOundS
the seera1lng:v
Ka:Wall

Part 3>

12.

kaniileaflll
|"1 Oriplenllreg J

100
:t 1:;eli
A Pair of WOrds you prObab 2
Of Japanese 9 z
upper ha 1.tty ( " )
hand

unskilled )
are two eXamples of the approximately 100 kanji ( ' )
vords ith irregular readings approved by the Ministry of Education
( )

F#

regular
is normally 2
is nonmally
pronounced lll J).
1
7 ItiJ 17 (
Other irregular readings of kanii wOrds aFe eXamples of
)
( in which two or more kanji are assigned
1)
because of
(
the appropriateness of their lneanings to a natiVe JapaneSe wOrd )
while the customary 7r and rr readings of the kanil are disregarded. ( )
ll
(local prOduce souvenir fOr eXample/is not read With an
)
( )
m pronunciation such as s rl but vith the special reading


:i
Some of the kanii wOrds
1[ il ( :
approved by the MiniStry are of lilnited use in l odern day Japan ) 100

(e.g s
rice planting girl y S Variety houSe ).
( :

L
)

i




( fruit and (`s Z rainy season) for example.
)

Although they are generally written in hiragana you are also

likely to stumble across kanii WOFdS With unapproved pronunciations

] I

i]

]

day)/ ( s
the day aftertomorrow).
You lvill have to rely on your powers of rote memory t0 1earn
the pronunciations of kanji
ords with irregular readings.But figur
ing out the meanings of kanii wOrds including those with irregular =
readings/can be easy if you knOV:an English keyword for each of =
their comprising characters.Take for example:Itis lnade up of


(big)and (persOn)and means you guessed it
adult ( rf ).
In today s exercises/1et s get familiar vith the readings and
linistry
meanings of some ofthe ll ost comlnonly used words on the

approved list of irregular readings.

62
E.:

!(1)

Match the fo owing kanii COmpounds a of vvhich have irreguiar readings vvith their
English meanings.(The English keywords provided for each kanii shOuld give you some exce
lent clues).Do you know their pronunciations?

( )
?

| de oD: (tI:|||ltrelit i

1. 1 ating around mindl 2. xtensive knOwledge gentleman)
3 cntermediary persOlll 4. L (convex concave)

5. (wind wicke 6 (blow snOw)

7. (eye_lens) 8. lelemental persOn)
9. (section building) lo. erimson4eave9

: :
i 1 1 1 1| 1

iaIPattmm "b h d thef "htt W

d
pronunciations:

L,I=` a=titl:
|1 : 3 |

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. lo.

ris
ar retth"h mmbers h em
ma G
:
the pronunciation and meaning for each ofthe fo ovving:
e

|| : ):
,` tpe :|
:

1. 2, 3. 4. 5
6. 7. 8. 9. lo.

!(4)
Give the pronunciation and meaning for each ofthe fo Owing words representing an ele_
ment of traditiOnal Japanese culture:

||||ltl I

b"|'||||||||
:
|"`||||
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7 8.
This lesson brings the Kanii Breakthrough series tO a close.As you continue to l love towards
mastery of the shapes/meanings/and prOnunciations of the l 945 kanji 1 look fOnvard to lneeting
you at KanjiClinic.com(w .kanjiclinic.com).Let me know how your kanii Studies are progressing at
kanjiclinic@aol.com
J 1945
Kani CIinic com kanic n C@aO com

Ansvvers:See p.100

63
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11 27

1950

0

230
http://www.a gogo.net/mirakuan/
0120 63 5578

I
1.kattase,rnoney exchange
5. alac 20-years old
6.as ,tomorrow(Notel
p.32 CD 2.kes iki,scene as
rais nOt a A/1inistry

3.Omattarrsan,police offi approved reading for F

(1) (2)
cer )
1.C( ) 1.F( )
4.s a ,:awn 7.kesa,this morning
2.G( ) 2.H( )
5.mar7e,imitation 8.kyo,today
3.A( ) 3.A( )
6.yaoya,9reen grocer 9.kin ,yesterday
4.D( ) 4.D( )
7.y ,vvhereabouts 10.kOros t this year
5.F( ) 5.G( )
8.s :ga,grey hair lliteFal
6. 8( ) 6.B( ) !(4)
ly,whtte hairl
7i E( 7.C( ) 1.y kala,summer kimono
9. s ko,son
)

8.H( ) 8. ( )
o,professional
10.kLJ
2.ama,voman diver
3.s an7Jsen,Japanese
ep.62 Kanil Breakthrough 1(3) stringed instrument
1. la4 two peOple 4.s l175,Surlno v restling
1(1)
2.Is
Fac the first day of 5.z Japanese sandals
1)9, tta 2)k, akase `
the rnonth 6.:a apanese socks
3)h,na O 4)b,de 7.yamaFO,an old name for
3.I rs ka,two days/the
5)a,kaZe 6)f, apan
secottd day ofthe rnonth
7)i,megare 8)e,s

8.kagura,ShintO lnusic and
4.J7atSLrka,20 days,the
9ya 10)i,

ventieth day of the

tl

month
dance

loo