Methodology

1. Physical Properties

5 drops of formic acid in 1 ml of

solvent

Tested the solubility of formic acid

in water, ether and alcohol

2. Chemical Properties

a.) Reducing Action

Neutralized 1mL formic acid with

diluted NaOH solution

Added 10 drops of diluted

potassium permanganate
b.) Decomposition by Sulfuric Acid

Placed 1mL formic acid in a test

tube

Carefully, Added 5 drops

of concentrated sulfuric
acid.

Gently heat the

mixture

B. Acetic Acid

1. Properties
a.) Solubility

10 drops of acetic
acid

Tested the solubility of the

following water, ether,
alcohol

b.) Hydrolysis of Ferric Acetate

 Putted 1mL acetic acid in a test
tube

Added diluted NaOH

solution

Until almost neutralized, used

litmus paper and kept the
solution slightly acidic

Added few drops of ferric

chloride and noted the color

c.) Acetylation (Esterification)

Placed 1mL ethyl

alcohol

Added 10 drops of acetic

acid

Added 5 drops of diluted Sulfuric

Acid

Warmed in a water bath for 5

minutes

Poured the contents into a small

beaker 20 ml water and shaken.

Described the odor of the new

product formed
d.) Reducing Action

Oxidized 5 drops of acetic acid

with diluted 1mL potassium
permanganate solution

Noted the changes in

color
I. Polycarboxylic acid
1.) Oxalic Acid

Tested the solubility of oxalic

acid

Added 10 drops of the following

solvents water, alcohol, carbon
tetrachloride
2.) Reducing Property

Dissolved 0.1g of oxalic acid in 3mL

water

Added 2-3 drops of concentrated sulfuric

acid

Warmed in water
bath

Added drop wise of diluted

potassium permanganate solution

3.) Oxidation of Oxalic Acid Catalyzed by Light (Blueprinting)

Prepared a cut out design card

board

Dissolved 0.5g ferric chloride and

0.5 oxalic acid in 25mL water

In another beaker, dissolved 0.5g of

potassium ferricyanide in 25mL of
water

Mixed the two solutions in where

there is a reduced light

Immersed a piece of filter paper

into the solution wetting all parts
thoroughly
 Immediately withdrawn the paper
and drawn off the excess solution

Putted the cardboard with cut-off

design over the filter paper and
exposed to strong sunlight
Dried and mounted and submitted to the
professor
When exposed
4.) Decomposition by Sulfuric Acid area turns blue,
removed the cardboard with the cut-
out design and washed the paper
Placed
with 0.5 g of oxalic acid in test
water
tube

Added 1 ml of concentrated sulfuric

acid and shaken

Heated the test tube gently and

strongly
5.) Test for oxalate ion

Placed 1ml of oxalic acid in a test

tube

Added 1mL of 1% resorcinol

solution
Added 1mL of water and shaken
well

Pour carefully at the side of test

tube, 10 drops of concentrated
sulfuric acid

B. Tartaric Acid

1. Complex Ion Formation

a.)
1 mL of ferric chloride
solution
 Added few drops of
diluted ammonium
hydroxide

Observed and to another test

tube

Added 1 mL ferric
chloride

Few drops of diluted ammonium

hydroxide

Added 1mL tartaric acid

solution

Shaken and compared both

solution

b.) 1mL copper sulfate

solution

Added 1ml of 10%

Tested the solubility of the

precipitation in

1mL of 10% tartaric acid solution and

Observed

3.) Salt formation

 1mL of 10% tartaric acid
solution

Added drop by drop 40% KOH

until precipitate appears. Added
more KOH

4.) Test for Tartrate Ion or resorcinol test

Added 1 ml of resorcinol solution

to a 1 ml of tartaric acid solution
and Added 1 ml of water

Poured 1 ml concentrated sulfuric

acid down to the side of the tube

5. Baking Powder Reaction

Mixed 1g of potassium acid

tartrate and 1g sodium
bicarbonate in a test tube

Added 2 ml of
water

Allowed gas to be evolved and

bubble in a test tube of lime
water