Referent: Conf. uniy. dr. Elena BONTA, Universitatea ,,Vasile Alecsandri” din Baciu Editura OM Editura acreditats CNCSIS — 66/2010 Soseaua Stefan cel Mare si Sfant nr. 4, Iasi 700497 Tel.: 0730.086.676; Fax: 0332.440.730 ‘www,pimeopy.r0 |Descrierea CIP a Bibliotecii Nationale a Romdni BOTEZ, NICOLETA English for economic and administrative purpose / Nicoleta Botez. - Iasi : PIM, 2012 Bibliogr. ISBN 978-606-13-1137-8 {811.1133 : CUPRINS Cuvant inainte UNIT I. ACCOUNTING (0). Vocabulary practice Groups of words expressing time: Focus on grammar. Numbers. ‘The use of some prepositions. UNIT I. ACCOUNTING (2) Regulating acts and bodies. Focus on grammar, The Use of Articles UNIT II. GLOBALIZATIO! Vocabulary Practice... ‘i Focus on grammar. Adjectives - Degrees of comparison 47 UNIT IV. WHAT IS MANAGEMENT 55 Vocabulary practice..... 59 Focus on grammar (I). There is there are constructions 65 UNIT V, ABOUT LEADERSHIP 67 Vocabulary practice... 70 Focus on grammar, The Noun. 74 UNIT VI. MARKETING 85 Vocabulary practice: 85 Focus on grammar. Present simple and present 89 continuous tense... 89 UNIT VII. WHAT IS DEMOCRACY? 95 Vocabulary practice... 100 Focus on grammar (I), The past simple tense 104 Focus on grammar (I1),The present perfect tense 107 Focus on grammar (ILI). The present perfect continuous tense Foous on grammar AV) Present perfect simple ot continuous tense ., ees120 122 123 129 135 . 135, 136 coal, . 138 UNIT VII WHAT IS A COMPANY?.... Vocabulary practice..... Focus on grammar. Past tense continuous UNIT IX.TYPES OF COMPANIES Vocabulary practice... The use of the preposition in trade vocabulary Offers. Negotiations. Trade. Greetings, phrases used in conversation Focus on grammar (1). The past perfect tens: Focus on grammar (Mf). The past perfect continuous... 138 UNIT X. ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION 145 Vocabulary practice... i sans 154 Focus on grammar (1). Will - future . 158 Focus on grammar (II). Shall... 161 Focus on grammar (II), Present forms for the future... 161 Focus on grammar (IV). The Future - Going to. 162 Focus on grammar (V). Going to or will... 163 UNIT XI. BUSINESS COMMUNICATION... 170 174 Focus on grammar (1). The Passive 176 Focus on grammar (II). Modal verbs. 176 UNIT XII. THE WORLD TODAY, TRADING BLOCS aoe 190 Vocabulary Practice. 195 Focus on grammar. Sequence of tenses in the past... 197 IT XU, BUSINESS ETHICS. 201 Vocabulary Practice 205 Focus on grammar. The conditional moo 207 UNIT XIV. BUSINESS ACROSS CULTURES 218 Vocabulary practice... 220 Focus on grammar.(I) Wish... 224 Focus on grammar (TI) Had better 225 6 wu 227 227 . 228 ++ 228 Focus on grammar (III) Used to... Focus on grammar (IV) to be used to doing Focus on grammar (V) to get used to doing Focus on grammar (VI). The subjunctive Focus on grammar (VII) The imperative... 239 Focus on grammar (VIII). The infinitive.... 240 Foeus on grammar (IX). The Accusative + Infinitive . 241 Focus on grammar (X). The Nominative + Infinitive .,. 242 Focus on grammar (XI). The Gerund 242 Focus on grammar (X11), The -ing form. 243 Asking questions 1 . 245 ‘Asking questions 2.... - 246 Question tags... Reported speech 1. Reported speech 2. Annex 1. Common Phrases Annex 2. Phrasal verbs... Annex 3. Abbreviations ...... Annex 4. Business expressions... IRREGULAR VERBS ENGLISH - ROMANIAN VOCABULARY. References...Cuvant inainte evente dovedesc ci limba engleza este cea mai studiata nal trebuie s& posede compe informatice sau aptitudini Engleza este preferati pentru comunicarca interna din numeroase compa globale si din ce in ce mai mult pentru intreprinderile medii, pe misura eresterii mumérului de fuziuni transfrot proces de schiml jcare, Corpusul examinat pro ite din domeniul de afaceri, adaptare noilor ne din reviste de spec Ite materiale publicitare. ta de expresi verbelor neregulate) sunt. mater r Bil englez-roman si completeaza aceasti lucrare de real folos stud jografia 9cuprinde titlurile esenfiale pentru un astfel de demers sti lor de limba de tucra util Lucrarea are drept scop reimprospitarea cun englez dobandite anterior si reprezint& un. materi se afl la un leze pentru Autorul mulfumeste in mod special doamnei profesoare Elena Bonta pentru timpul slocat parcurgerii acestei lucrai Autor UNIT I. ACCOUNTING (1) (2) reflecting the claims against and the interests in those entit (3) measuring the changes in those resources, claims and interest (4) assigning the changes to specifiable periods of time; and ) expressing the foregoing in terms of money as a common snominator. Although diverse the functions of accounting, the most common perceptions about them are as follows: function: according is essentially a n of the past, present and future ‘economic events of the business. The recording function involves techniques of information gathering and processing, portant function of accounting since just language system, accounting communicates economic information to its users through these accounts, © Accounting stands for a medium of communication between the firm and the external parties: accounting is not an end in but it exists to serve a purpose. The purpose is to supply reliable and dependable informationabout the economic chronicles of the business for the purpose of decision making by the interested parties, ® Income determination: net income determination under the historical cost method lies at the heart of the whole ic measure that progress of le for being in ance sheet is very often condition that presents © Preparation of stated as a statement of financi the economic resources, obligations and owner's equities of the business at periodic intervals of time, Some views however, consider it as a mere statement of balances of the unallocated costs that has not been assigned to the income statement. Despite difference of opinions about the exact nature of balance sheet, accountants have found its preparation extremely useful © Control function: accounting is a special type of calculative service that comes handy to the management for the purpose of exercising control over many functional areas of business. In modem days accounting is not merely an act of prudence to every company to prepare a statement of profit a balance sheet at the end of each accounting period. ‘The accounting environment generally comprises the firm (ie, the entity which prepares financial statements), different groups of ‘external users and the existing legal and economic environment, ral objectives of accounting are: 12 © t0 provide quantitative financial information about a economic resources ‘enterprise; to provide reliable information about changes is not resources of an enterprise that result from its profit directed activities. © to provide other needed estimating the earning pot formation that assists in of the enterprise yn about changes in jes + Revenues + Owners. Equity on of scarce resources to production = nent = the productive capacity required for any investment ixed capital = the means of payment required in order to function in a cy economy = working capital 13Credit = those relations between the firm and its environment which affect its needs for finance Supply = the raw materials to be transformed by the firm during its production acti Costs = the factors of production used up by the fim during its production. the ies of = expense the firn id, at cost value Production = the produ form of goods and servi Distribution = the transfer of production to the environment, at proceeds value Results = the difference between costs and revenues = profit or loss Note : Profit increases capital Loss decreases capital Saving = Investment where Investment = Fixed capital + Working capital Investment + Revenues = Fixed capital + Working capital + Costs Sales Costs = Profit or Loss Equities = Fixed Assets + Working Capital rather than Assets (Fixed + Current) = Liabi (Equity + Current) + Residual (Owners.) balance sheet ‘A financial statement that shows the financial position of a business at a particular date. ‘Bank reconciliation |The process of accounting for the differences between the balance appearing ‘on the bank statement and the balance of cash according to the depositor's records 14 A security, usually long-term, representing borrowed by a corporation from the g public. book value assets of a company less total 5; owners! equity; Fixed Assets less ion, break-even point “The point in financial analysis at which total revenue equals total cost incurred and at which a company begins to generate a profi expenditure ‘An expenditure for the purchase of expansion of plant asset ‘A basis of accounting under which revenues and expenses are accounted for on a cash received and cash paid basis. cash flow statement A’ financial statement that shows @ company’s sources and uses of cash during an accounting period i liabilities oO is or debts that are due to be paid within the normal operating cycle of the business or within one year, whichever is longer. ‘The right side of an account The left side of an account. A debit balance in the Retained Earning account, To take out the interest on a promissory note in advance (verb); the amount of the interest deducted (nown) The periodic allocation of the cost of a tangible long-lived asset over its estimated useful life, The process of discounting future cash flows back to the present using an anticipated discountdouble-entry system ‘A system of recording business transact requiring that each transaction have debit and credit totals, thereby n balance withi he accounts taken as a whole. and_cost of goods sol profit from sales. also called gross A financial statement sl of income earned by a business over an accounting period. ‘earnings per share ‘An item on corporate income statemenis that shows the net income earned on each share of common stock; net income divided by weighted average of common. shares outstanding; also called net income per share Estimated useful life:, the total number of service units (usually years) expected from a long-term asset. Long-term assets that have no physical Laces but have a value based on rights .es accruing to the owner. “The eos associated vi the use OF money for a specific period of time, A debt of the business; an amount owed to creditors, employees, government bodies, or others; a elaim agai ‘exchange rate The value of one currency in terms of another expenditure ‘A payment or incurrence of an obligation to make a future payment for an asset or service rendered. The process of ending a busi selling assets, paying _ liabilities, distributing any remaining assets to the partners The cosis of the goods and services used up ies | The debts of a business that fall due more than one year ahead, beyond the normal | are to be paid out of non- The price investors are willing to pay for @ share of stock on the open market expenses in the process of obtaining revenue; expired cost. rate. ‘fixed assets Another name, no longer in wide use, for long-term non-monetary assets. ‘fixed cost ‘A cost that remains ¢ relevant range of volume or a generally accepted ‘account principles (gap) The conventions, rules, and procedures necessary to define accepted accounting practice at a particular time. The net increase in owners’ equity resulting from the profit seeking operations of a company; net income = revenue - expenses goodwill The excess of the cost of a group of assets (usually a business) over the market value of the assets individually. An ; the percentage of ‘each sales dollar that results in net income; net income divided by sales, ‘A ratio that measures the relative size of gross income Income from all sources, less allowable exclusions ‘gross profit The difference between revenue from sales 16 The stockholders’ equity that has arisen from retaining assets from earlosses, dividends, or transfers to contributed capital retained statement earnings ‘A statement that provides a summary of the changes in retained earnings during the accounting period. return on assets A measure of profitat that shows how efficiently a company is using all its assets. ‘statement of owner's equity ‘A financial statement that shows the changes in the owner's capital investment during the year. ‘stockholder's equity |The owners’ equity section of a corporation's balance sheet ‘subsidiary ‘A company whose stock is more than 50% ‘owned by another compan; tangible asseis Long-term assets that have _ physical tax Tability The amount of tax that must be paid based on taxable income and the applicable tax trial balance ‘A listing of accounts in the general ledger with their debit or credit bal lances in respective columns and a t columns; used to test the eq and credit balances in the ledger. uncollectible accounts “The accounts received from customers who cannot or will not pay. unearned revenue ‘A revenue received in advance for which the goods will not be delivered or the services performed during the current accounting period: a liability account. voucher ‘A written authorization prepared for each _ expenditure in a voucher system working capital |The amount by which the total current assets exceed total current liabilities. 18 oups of words expressing time: ly bwo minutes - din dowd in dowd minute (ays, months ete.) (cil, uni etc, Ww on - de acum inainte e same time - fr acelasi timp ime - 0 muljime de timp imp liber (prin economisirea hui) ingaduinta cuiva) dupa oarecare timp ime - din ednd in cand ‘course of time - ft cursul timpulut 19Read and try to translate: It would be worth your wl . Lam not sure I can translate such expressi . The retiring (outgoing) aui . The balance sheet We draw up each invoice le to have your tax-return drawn-up bya tax consultant (adviser). doul reducing balance, entry bookkeeping, straight line depreci jr wear and tear, balance brought forward, etc. |. Ask the chief accountant whether he has received their transfer of funds, . We have checked all the entries without discovering a single error. He has a lot of experience on bookkeeping and currently attends a course on corporate accounting. ‘What tax deductions are we entitled to? ors have been re-elected (reappointed). . The working capital is obtained by subtracting current ies from current assets, The Profit and Loss Account (Income Statement, Baring Report) shows a net profit of $ 365,000. ixed assets (lied up capital) include(s) notably land, The parent company owns more than 60% of the assts of the subsidiary (of the subsidiary’s assets). . Net operating profit equals gross profit on sales minus total operating expenses. Please find enclosed the statement of your account as of May 5 the, showing a credit balance of $ 86, a detailed statement at a given date giving information about th: status and solvency of the firm. 1 am familiar with both long-term and short-term financing operations. 20 1ot enough money coming in (revenue is insufficient) ver expenses falling due at the end of the quarter. we listed in a decreasing, of liquidity / from the most liquid to the least liquid, grammar. Numbers id nought ber 0 on its own, we say zero. Before a decimal point r zero or nought: 1 five o nought point five | point we say oh: nought point oh oh one. oh in telephone numbers, years, hotel room numbers, p21 fo 6020402 ~ Her number is oh one two one, six oh two, ot 211805 — The Battle of Trafalgar was in eighteen oh five, room six oh two. Real Madrid three, Ajax Room 602 ~ 1 am on the top floor For tennis, sre bay are 15-0, fifteen — love. 2. Points and commas In English we use a point (.) and not only a comma (,) for . We only use commas when writing numbers greater than 15.001 — fifieen point oh oh one. 15,001 — fifteen thousand and one, 3. Decimals In English, we usually point separately, especi places: 1¢ numbers (digits) after a decimal if there are more than two decimal 0.125 — nought point one two five. — five point four four. 3.14159 — three poini one four one five nine. 0.001 — nought point oh oh one Another way of saying 0.001 is 10° ten to the power minus three. If you say 0.125 as zero point a hundred and twenty — five, an English speaker will instinctively hear 125, and ignore the zero point, thinking that you have made a mistake, or changed your mind while speaking. If you are doing deals on the telephone, you could quickly lose a lot of money by getting this wrong, But if the number after a decimal point represents a unit (of money, etc.) it is read like a normal number: 22 225 3466 ~ oh one seven one, double two fv, three four yy telephone and fax numbers (and cars registration ‘count numbers, and so on) as individual di 1273 315052 ~ oh one oh, four one, oh one two seven ve, oh five two. “doubles”: thousands, millions and billions real ired (not two hundreds) red thousand (not thousands) ion (or 10°, ten to the power six) jon (or 10°) e between British and American English is that ‘ean and between thousands and tens. ‘et one million potential customers. numbers, hundreds, thousands or millions take the g thousands a month,They are earning millions of pounds. In precise numbers, or after several and a few, hundred, thousand or million do not take the plural: To be precise, we have sold eight thousand four hundred and twenty. Several thousand people have bought the new model. We expect to sell a few hundred a week from now on. 6. Years The number 1,996 is: tine hundred (and) ninety —six. Nineteen ninety — eight. 7. Square, cube and root 10° ten squared 10° ten cubed V5 ten squared root of 5 8. Fractions Apart from % (a half), % (@ quarter) and 2/3 (three quarters, ‘sometimes three — fourths in the US), fractions are mostly ordinal numbers (fifth, sixth, seventh, twenty — first, thirty ~ 3.¥4- three and a half 2% - two and three — quarters 9, Calculating 10+6 = 16 ten plus six is sixteen 24 everything on the left side equals everything on the are to add, subtract (or deduct, but not deduce), multiply s of saying divide are per: per pound en percent per annum ers as adjectives lion) a number is used before a noun, like an adjective, it is a twelve — week term a ten thousand pound ear a six- month w. a twenty degree temperature yyeise L. Match the figures and the words on the right, A two hundred and fifty six B cleven point five percent C fifteen square metres D twenty four point three six E between thirty four and thirty seven pereent Bs.6.34-37% F two thousand four hundred 7. 10.5Sam G three and a half million 8. 2.987 H sixteenth 9.11.5% 1 forty seventh 10.3,500,000 J ob eight one three four seven two nine eight 11. tel, 081 347 298 K minus eighteen degrees centigrade 12.15 m* L fifteen cubic metres 13. 24.36 M twelve pounds fifty 14.6x7=42 _N fiveto cleven in the moming 15. £12.50 O six times seven equals forty two 16.47" P two point nine eight seven 1, [2 3 a 3 6 7 8 9 to} tat fz fst pat psy ie Exereise 2. Can you give the following answers in full: 1. The unemployment rat 2. Your country’s current inf 3. The number of people working in your company. 4, Interest rates in your country at the moment. 5. The average temperature in July. 6. The population of your town/city, 7. The cost of a kilo of coffee. 8. The average rent of a small flat in your country per month. 9. The population of your country. 10.The telephone number of the Fire Brigade in your country. The use of some prepositions. in ‘the morning the afternoon, the evening the summer 26 the middle of 8. under a lot of pressure 9. out of stock 10, in perfect condition tiie the phrases above to complete the following eons 214 thas been received. *t worry, I'll send you the contract ..... two hours. atived .....000..00 9, I'm afraid the parts you ordered are tempo 10.The company is losing money fast. They real ‘The Preposition (1): at, by, for 1. to ask for a glass of water 2. to be surprised / astonished / amazed at 3. tobe a candidate for 4. to sell by the kilo 5. at the university 6, to laugh at 7. by plane 8. to be good at mathematics 9. (somebody's) support for somebody 10. at somebody's request. LL. to marry for love 12. she is older than me by five years 13, to travel by night 14. medicine for a disease 15. o glance at somebody 16. [give you my fountain - pen for this wateh 28 1, When the goods left our warehouse they were 2. The bank has just rung to say that our no. 2 account 3, Since she took over marketing, Sarah has been ... "m afraid the goods cannot be dispatched until payment of two weeks, 6. We'll let you have the software 7. The photocopier has been . all day. 8. I thought I was going to be Tessa’s (Source: John Morrison Milne, Business Language Practice, the end of the month A at a certain price rove of somebody's attitude IF 1 rinke a joke on somebody of something of the house / road terms with somebody ite somebody on something 2930, he is in the committee ‘The Preposition (3): over, to, with: to explain to somebody to meet with an accident to be married to somebody a dispute over something to be polite to somebody to stay with somebody 7. to apologize to somebody 8. advantage over somebody 9. to be angry with somebody from place to place luty / debt to somebody . over 100,000 the right to something 14.to help oneself to fruit 15. with all one's heart 16. to die with hunger 17. over the dinner 18. fo my surprise 19. to reproach somebody with something 20. to fall to the ground I 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 30 UNIT I. ACCOUNTING (2) et and bodies intes Acts of 1948 and 1985 ne (scl slot: The Institute of chartered Accountants (I.C.A.) ielal Standards Board (F.S.B.) that issues statement Practice (SSAP) Exchange Commission (SEO) The American Instiaue of Certified Public ng Standards Board (FASB) that issues ial Accounting Standards (SFAS) mittee representing the profession, the lonal Accounting Standards Committee) issues a view to homogenizing international orm for the masculine or feminine, singular or o nouns that have already been mentioned: 31We visited a company in the UK. The company was based eg. Europe, Austral in Bath. 2, when it is obvious what particular thing is being referred The suggestion she made in her report were highly relevant. 3. to refer to organizations: The police; the army; the Fire Brigade, 4. to refer to unique organizations: The European Union; The World Bank; The Stock Exchange; The British Council. 5. with abbreviations that have to be pronounced as single letters: The BBC; The EU. ‘The in geography: howing an idea - the good; the beautiful ~ chain of mountains e.g. the Carpathians; the Alps ( but not rant, Limba englecd probleme de gramatica si p25) Is ~ gorges ~ eanyons e.g. the Grand canyon; jele: A/An - plains eg. the Great Plains; valleys ar noun which is countable; -rivers (but not lakes) €.g. the Danube; the Mississippi; Lake Ineed a visa, ivan he noun is mentioned for the first time; ~ seas and oceans eg. the Black Sea; the Atlantic Ocean; He bought a computer. ~ channels (canals for noun represents no particular person or thing; those created by man) e.g. the English Channel; the Suez Canal, the Panama Canal ed as an example ofa class of things; = bays eg. the Bay of Biscay (but not Harbours: ir must be insured. ‘New York Harbour); a noun showing nationality ( used only for the ~ islands (only in the plural) e.g. the Hebrides; ~ deserts eg. the Sahara; : Thomas is an American pilot. Sylvie is a French singer. The is not used before: Natalia is a Russian student. 32 336. before a noun showing a profession ( used only for the -ase a singular ); -aurma o fantezie, un chef Example : [am a teacher. de ceva; Nick is a driver. - dintr-o lovitura; She is an accountant ~ a supraveghea; = pentru un timp; A/Anis always placed afier: ~ doi in acelasi timp; ~such ~atit de; e.g. Such a pretty girl! - deodata; -what ce (exclamatiy); e.g. What a good car! ~e pitcat; - half -jumatate; e.g. halfan hour; ~ in graba; = quite - ct se poate de; eg. quite a nice song; = in incurediturd; rather ~ destul de; e.g. rather an expensive lunch pentru schimbar = without - fir, eg without a mistake = pentru un riistin ~ la viteza de; - a noun accompanied by an adjective preceded by so ( atét de) ; as ~ pentru scurt / lung timp; (tot atat de); foo (prea); howy cat de): ~ ca rezultat; = de fapt; ~ a petrece bine; How beautiful a photo (Source: Mariana Taranu, Limba englezti, probleme de gramatica si exercifii pentru elevi, p. 19) Groups of words including the indefinite article A/ An: alotof = mult mui le more ‘great many friends ofa size - de aceeasi méasurd; twice a day , a month ete. ~ de doud ori pe zi, pe lund etc. wo hundred an hour = dows sute pe ordi: ing seasons, months of the year, days of the seventy miles an hour - saptezece de mile pe ordi 34 35e.g. spring, March , Monday , etc 5. before nouns denoting ideas , abstract nouns; eg. We struggle for happiness. Life is wonderful. 6. before nouns denoting names of materials, substances ; eg. Chalk is white, 7. before names given to languages and studying objects ; eg, English is easy. Tam learning Geography with much pleasure. This year they are studying German too. 8. before nouns denoting colours; eg, Blue is my favourite colour. Notice that all these nouns use the before them if they are determined, there is a certain specification mentioned: i.e. Do you remember the Sunday we spent in the woods ? The happiness we struggle for is not to be found easily. The chalk I got is not hard enough. The blue I prefer is the light blue of the sky. The dinner he is looking forward to is going to be at 8 o'clock The English you know is quite good. (Source: Mariana Téranu, Limba englezd, probleme de gramatica $i exerci pentru elevi) Groups of words without article: at dann | in zor By heart pe de rast at noon | la prinz from morning | de — dimineaja ‘ill night and noaptea ‘atsunset [Ta apusulsoarelui | from top to | de sus si pana bottom jos atnight [la vreme de) in bed pat (cu v. to noapte lie) athome | acasit in debt in situatie de datornic 36 Ta scoala in doubt in stare de dubiu | la mast inlove indrdigostit in stare de | in memory (of) | in memoria ‘on business | eu scopul de a face ceva to aliend ala frecventa o (ericita) school _seoali dupa ureche without doubt_| tara indoiala datorita norocului | side by side | alaturi in gregeata handinhand | de mani (a fine) | prin telefon ‘arm in arm | brat la brat pe uscat day after day | zi dupa zi prin aer week ——_afier | siptamand week dupa siptimand year fier | an dupa an year 5 cu] But: at the table 10 the school ‘cu avionul 10 the market prin posta ion the bed pe nume din vedere welevi, p.25) 37 ve 1. Insert the definite article or the zero article: Mariana Téranu, Limba englesd, probleme de gramatic’ sihouse and shut ... g00d for ... children. ++ Testaurant near me is very good. bread, and ... eggs in ... door. 6. One of Mark Twain's works is “Life on ... Missssip 7.1m... Asia ... elephants are used for carrying ... goods. 8, ... man on her right is ... Englis 9. We often go to ... Manchester by 11. He came to his room late at how he had spent ... evening at ... We have ... breakfast rather early. left ... Chapmans three weeks ago. village go to ... church on ... Sunday. 15, In some houses ... dinner is ... biggest meal of ... day. Exercise 2. Insert the indefinite article or the zero article: 1. He made ... mistake in his addition. 2. Would you do me ... favour? 3. The electric light was ... important invention. 4, Where there's ... smoke, there’s ... fire. 5. Meeting you has _ great pleasure, 6. Hes studying ... religion, 7. They asked him ... difficult question. 8. She wants to become ... murs 9. The lawyer gave his client ... very good advice. She likes to eat ... good food. honesty and ... loyalty are ... rare virtues. 12, Eggs are 50 p. ... dozen, 13, What ... bad weather we are having today! 14, She bought ... yellow dress and ... pair of ... shoes. 15. ... Glasgow is... 38 refrigerator. weise 3. Supply the required articles: speaks with ... great authority on the subject. He is with... authority on urban development. water used in this beer comes from a special spring. In order we must have ... water. is been called the staff of life. ... bread you baked is cer in this ring is of inferior quality. ... silver is used for d jewellery. 10% inspiration and 90% perspitation, ... genius of is universally recognized. ch milk tastes good. ... milk which I bought yesterday surprised me, a ‘ive 4, Fill in the blanks with the required articles: Ast . Plaza” cinema. I walked to . and read ... name above ... door. cise 5. Fill in the blanks with the indefinite article a/an, ular countable nouns, or the indefinite pronoun some, ountable nouns or plural nouns: 39