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There are numerous methods available for out Object, such as:
clear
clearBuffer
flush
isAutoFlush
getBufferSize
getRemaining
newLine
println
Below is the usage with syntax, example and explanation of above methods.
clear:
As the name implies, the clear method of out object is used to clear the output buffer.
This method does not write any contents to the client. An exception is thrown by this method if
the buffer was flushed.
clearBuffer:
The clearBuffer method of out object is used to clear the output buffer. This method does
not write any contents to the client.
The only difference between the clear method of out object and clearBuffer method is clear
method throws an exception when the buffer is flushed, clearBuffer method does not throw an
exception when the buffer is flushed.
out.clearBuffer();
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flush:
Two methods of out object, clear and clearBuffer are used to clear the output buffer
without writing any contents to the client. If you wish to flush the buffer and write contents to the
client, then you can use the flush method of out object. The flush method of out object is used to
flush the buffer by writing the contents to the client.
For example:
out.flush();
-The above example will output only the first line of text. This text will be the only thing
viewed in the browser. In the above example, no forwarding will take place. This is because of
the out.flush() method. This method will flush the JspWriter buffer.
Once the content is written to the browser, a forward cannot be invoked. Trying this
throws the exception IllegalStateException. The user can handle this exception by catching it
using the catch block. Handling Exceptions will be covered in detail in a later section of this
tutorial.
isAutoFlush:
The isAutoFlush method of out object returns a true value if the output buffer is
automatically flushed.
The returned value from this method is Boolean value of true or false.
getBufferSize:
The getBufferSize method of out object is used to return the size of the buffer. The
returned value of the size of the buffer is in bytes. If the output is not buffered, then the
getBufferSize method returns a 0 byte.
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getRemaining:
The getRemaining method of out object is used to return the number of empty bytes in
the buffer.
newLine:
As the name implies, the newLine method of out object is used to write a newline
character to the output.
For example:
out.write("Welcome!!!");
out.newLine();
out.newLine();
Welcome!!!
To CMC Training
The newLine method of out object gives a new line to the output and thus, the parameter given
in third out.write statement "To CMC Training" is written in the next line.
print:
The print method of out object writes the value to the output without a newline character.
out.print("Welcome!!!");
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would give output as :
This is because the print method of out object writes the output without a newline character.
println:
The println method of out object is used to write the value to the output, including the
newline character.
Here the string concatenation operator + is used along with println method of out object.
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