Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute

Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 87~95, February, 2014

http://dx.doi.org/10.4334/JKCI.2014.26.1.087

1)* 2) 2) 3)
1) 2) 3)

Characteristics of Structural Behavior of Steel Fiber Reinforced

Ultra High Performance Concrete Beams Subjected to Torsion
In-Hwan Yang,1)* Changbin Joh,2) Jung-Woo Lee,2) and Byung-Suk Kim3)
1)
Dept. of Civil Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 573-701, Korea
2)
Structural Engineering Research Division, Korea Institute of Construction Technology, Goyang 411-712, Korea
3)
Korea Institute of Construction Technology, Goyang 411-712, Korea

ABSTRACT Experimental investigation on the structural behavior of steel fiber-reinforced ultra high performance concrete
(UHPC) beams subjected to torsion are presented. Six tests carried out on square beams under torsional moment are presented. The
experimental parameters were the volume fraction of the fibers and closed-stirrup ratio. The volume fraction of the fibers was 1.0%
and 2.0%. The closed-stirrup ratio was 0, 0.35%, and 0.70%. The test results indicated that ultimate torsional strength increased with
increasing fiber volume, and that ultimate torsional strength also increased with increasing the closed-stirrup ratio. In addition,
predictive equations for evaluating the ultimate torsional strength of UHPC beams were proposed. The comparison between
computed values and the experimentally observed values was shown to validate the proposed analytical equations. It was found that
predictions by using proposed equation provides good agreement with test results of UHPC beams.
Keywords : ultra high performance concrete, torsional strength, steel fiber, closed stirrups, crack

1. 1) .6-9)

, .10-13) ,
,
. . Thomas Ramaswamy,14) Narayanan Kareem-Palanjian,15)
Rao Seshu16)
.1,2) , Mansur
,17) Chalioris Karayannis18)
(bridging effect) .3-5) .

. , Karayannis,19) Karayannis Chalioris20)
,
. ,
. , (normal strength concrete)
150 MPa (moderately high-strength concrete)
(ultra high performance concrete) UHPC
.21)
*Corresponding author E-mail : ihyang@kunsan.ac.kr , UHPC
Received September 10, 2013, Revised November 11, 2013, .
Accepted November 12, 2013 12%
2014 by Korea Concrete Institute
150 MPa

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ 87
by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
. UHPC -
.
. , UHPC Table 2 .
,
. (notch) 3
. 100
2. 100400 mm3 .
10 mm ,
2.1
. 3 -

, Table 2 .
. - 0.2.
0.5 mm , 2.2
. (filler)
10 m SiO2 98%, 2600 kg/m3 3003003000 mm3
. . 1.0% 2.0%
. 7500 kg/m3, 3 6
2500 MPa, 0.2 mm. 16.5 . 6
19.5 mm, . D13 4 0.56%
1.0% 2.0%. , - . 1.0% 2.0%
1060 kg/m3 (0%), D10 200 mm
. SAC (0.35%) D10 100 mm
, . (0.70%) , S00,
Table 1 S35 S70 .
1600 mm
. , 700 mm
D10 50 mm
. Fig. 1
. - .
0% Table 2 F1-L56-S00 F2-L56-S00

Table 1 Mix proportion by weight ratio

Water Fine Water Fiber

Silica
-binder Cement Filler aggre -reducing (volume
fume
ratio gate admixture fraction) (%)
0.2 1.0 0.25 0.3 1.1 0.02 1, 2
(a) Stirrup content = 0%

Table 2 Details of test beams

Stirrup
Compressive Tensile Fiber Rebar
volume
Test beam strength strength content content
content
(MPa) (MPa) (%) (%) (b) Stirrup content = 0.35%
(%)
F1-L56-S00 174 9.8 1.0 0.56 0.00
F1-L56-S35 174 9.8 1.0 0.56 0.35
F1-L56-S70 174 9.8 1.0 0.56 0.70
F2-L56-S00 192 18.8 2.0 0.56 0.00
F2-L56-S35 192 18.8 2.0 0.56 0.35 (c) Stirrup content = 0.7%
F2-L56-S70 178 15.4 2.0 0.56 0.70 Fig. 1 Dimension of test beam (unit: mm)

88 26 1 (2014)
, 0.35% F1-L56-S35 . Fig. 3
F2-L56-S35 . , 0.70% .
F1-L56-S70 F2-L56-S70 . ,
. Fig. 4
2.3 .
, ( A-A)
1000 kN Fig. 2 (tiltmeter) .
. 3.0 m , ( B-B)
2.45 m . LVDT
, .
, (arc bearing) , ( B-B) 525 mm
( C-C) LVDT
. .
(loading beam) ,
0.8 m(lever arm) 3.
.
3.1

-
. Fig. 4
F1-L56-S35
- Fig. 5 .

(a) Elevation

(b) Section A-A (c) Section B-B Fig. 4 Measurement system (unit: mm)
Fig. 2 Details of test set-up (unit: mm)

Fig. 3 Actual test set-up Fig. 5 Torsional moment-twist curve (F1-L56-S35)

89
 -
, .
.
F1-L56-S00 .
Fig. 6 . Fig.
- . 6(b)
( ) 68 kN m . ,
. (major inclined
crack) .
. 4 ,
. .
,
( ) 73.3 kN m(Fig. 5). ,
( ) 0.0111 rad/m.
.
. , ( = 73.3 kN m) 0.2 mm,
= 57 kN m
5.0 mm. , ( = 32 kN m)
. 36 mm.

(post-cracking) . .
Fig. 7
, . .
.
,

(a) F1-L56-S00

(b) F1-L56-S35

(c) F1-L56-S70
(a) Inclined crack pattern

(d) F2-L56-S00

(e) F2-L56-S35

(b) Major inclined crack (f) F2-L56-S70

Fig. 6 Crack and failure pattern (F1-L56-S00) Fig. 7 Comparison of crack pattern

90 26 1 (2014)
 . (S1, S2 S3) Fig. 1
. 4 .
. ,
, . SS-F1-L56-S35
. S1 =
, 2394 m/m, S2 = 3071 m/m S3 = 1748 m/m.
2000 m/m S1 S2
. .
SS-F1-L56-S70
, S2 = 1318 m/m S3 =
1816 m/m . S2
. , S3
Fig. 7(a), (b) (c) = 1%, .
=0.0, 0.35%, 0.70%
. 3.2
.
Fig. 9 -
. , Fig. 6(d), (e) (f) . Table 3
= 2%, = 0.0, 0.35%, 0.70% . F1-L56-S00 F2-L56-S00
, 0.56%,
. , 1.0%(F1-L56-S00) 2.0%(F2-L56-S00)
.
SS-F1-L56-S35 SS-F1-L56- 1% F1-L56-S00
S70 Fig. 8 2% F2-L56-S00

(a) Fiber content = 1%

(a) F1-L56-S35

(b) Fiber content = 2%

(b) F1-L56-S70 Fig. 9 Comparison of torsional moment-twist curves at
Fig. 8 Torsional moment-stirrup strain curves various stirrup contents

91
Table 3. Test and analytical results of torsional strength

Test
SB(1) TW(2) Proposed analytical result Ratio of analytical result
result
Test (kN-m) (kN-m) at various (kN-m) to test result
(kN-m)
beam
(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
(1) (2) (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
(4) (5) (6) (7) (1)
F1-L56-S00 73.3 25.4 - 39.8 47.8 55.8 63.7 0.35 - 0.66 0.80 0.93 1.06
F1-L56-S35 75.3 33.1 13.2 47.5 55.5 63.5 71.4 0.44 0.18 0.63 0.74 0.84 0.95
F1-L56-S70 86.7 40.8 26.4 55.2 63.2 71.1 79.1 0.47 0.30 0.64 0.73 0.82 0.91
F2-L56-S00 66.1 26.7 - 48.3 58.0 67.6 77.3 0.40 - 0.73 0.88 1.02 1.17
F2-L56-S35 85.6 34.4 13.2 56.0 65.6 75.3 85.0 0.40 0.15 0.65 0.77 0.88 0.99
F2-L56-S70 109.8 41.1 26.4 63.7 73.3 83.0 92.7 0.37 0.24 0.58 0.67 0.76 0.84
Mean - - - - - - - 0.41 0.15 0.65 0.76 0.88 0.99
(1) (2)
Skew-bending theory, Thin-walled, space truss theory

. , UHPC
F1-L56-S00 - .
,
F2-L56-S00 - 3.3
.
UHPC F1-L56-S00, F1-L56-S35 F1-L567-S70
, 1%, 0.56%
.8) , 0, 0.35% 0.70% .
Fig. 9(a)
. . 0%
(fiber balling) (F1-L56-S00) 73.3 kN-m
, 0.70% (F1-L56-S70)
. 86.7 kN-m 18% .
, , F2-L56-S00, F2-L56-S35 F2-L56-S70
- Fig. 9(b)
. , . 2%,
2.0% F2-L56-S00 0.56% , 0, 0.35
1.0% F1-L56-S00 0.70% .
.
. 0% (F2-L56-S00)
F1-L56-S35 F2-L56-S35 66.1 kN-m 0.70% (F2-L56-S70)
0.56%, 0.35% , 109.8 kN-m
1.0 2.0% . , F1-L56-S70 66% .
F2-L56-S70 0.56%,
0.70% , 1.0% 2.0% ,
. .
. F1-
L56-S35 75.3 kN-m ,
F2-L56-S35 85.6 kN-m
14% .
F1-L56-S70 86.7 kN-m .
F2-L56-S70 109.8 kN-m
27% . ,

92 26 1 (2014)
 4. :
:

(skew-bending) ,22) Table 3
(thin-walled, space truss analogies),23,24) .
(modified compression field theory)25) Hsu F1-L56-S00 F2-L56-S00
(rotation angle softened truss model)26)
. . ,
,
( ) ( )
,
. .
UHPC

(1) ,


. UHPC
( ),
( )
(2)
( ) .

, : (mm) (4)
: (mm)
: (mm) .
: (mm)
: (leg) (mm2)
( )


: (MPa) (5)

: (MPa)
, : (mm)
Table 3 : (mm)
. : 2 (= 0.85)
: (MPa)
:
.
.

.
(6)



. (7)

.
, (6) (7) (1) (2)

cot (3) .

.

, :
(8)
= 0.85
: (= )
: , :
: :

93
 (8)
. Nanni27) 15002000 MPa
2012
= 0.42 . .
/
2500 MPa (13A02) .
= 0.60 .
Table 3 References
. (5)
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95