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PAUL’S LETTER

TO THE ROMANS

ROMANS

Presented by:

Pastor Ilango Anthony Raj

Church Planters’ Training School

HARVEST TRAINING INSTITUTE


Chennai
PAUL’S LETTER TO THE ROMANS
CONTENT

I. Background information to the letter to Romans

II. Introduction -1:1-15

III. Theme - 1:16-17 (The Righteousness of god )

IV. All mankind under condemnation (1:18-3:20)

(Need for the righteousness of God)

V. Righteousness Imputed : Justification -3:21-5:21

VI. Imparted Righteousness : Sanctification (5:12-8:17)

VII. Righteousness consummated :Glorification (8:18-39)

VIII. God’s dealings with Israel -9:1-11:36

IX. Righteousness practiced -12:1-15:13

X. Conclusion – 15: 14-33

XI. Commendation & Greetings – 16:1 -27

XII. Reflection & Memory Verses:


I. BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Authorship: PAUL 1:1

Audience/ Recipients: saints in Rome 1:7

Date : AD 57-58

Occasion: Acts 20:2, 3

Rom. 15:25-33

Theme: Rom. 1:16, 17

_ ‘The Righteousness of God’

_ ‘The Just shall live by faith’

Romans is a book about the utter depravity and moral decay of unregenerate mankind and the awesome
grace of a loving God

Why Romans is placed immediately after Acts, even though Paul has written Galatians,1 & 2
Thessalonians 1 & 2 Corinthians prior to his epistle to the Romans?
II. INTRODUCTION 1:1-15
The Writer –Paul v.1

The recipients – Saints at Rome v. 2

The Master – Jesus v.7

The purpose – vv.8-15

Life Application:

1. With what gifts has God equipped you and what do you believe to be your Calling in
service to the LORD?

2.In Eph. 6:18 we are encouraged to “always keep on praying for all the saints. “Why do you
think we are given this specific charge by the Holy Spirit? What are the benefits of such
intercessory prayer?

3.What obligations do you believe you have and to whom, now that you are a Christian?

III THEME -1:16-17

16. Revelation of the Gospel

17. Revelation of the righteousness of God.

18. Revelation of the wrath of God.

Life Application:

1. Paul was able to proclaim that he was not ashamed of the Gospel. What do you
suppose contributed to his strong conviction to spread the Goodnews?
2. Are you to identify hindrances n your life that keep you from sharing your faith with
others? IF so, can you think of anything which may help you to over come these
hindrances?
IV ALL MANKIND UNDER CONGEMNATION -1:18-3:20
A. The pagan/ Gentiles stands condemned 1:18-321
B. The moral person stands condemned 2:1-16
- The principle of God’s judgment
i) According to ‘Truth’
ii) According to the ‘deeds’
iii) Without partiality v.11
iv) According to the light one receives vv. 14-15
v) According to the secrets v. 16

C. The religious person stands condemned -2: 17-3:8

D. Conclusion: There is none righteous 3: 9-20

V RIGHTEOUSNESS IMPUTED –JUSTIEICATION (3: 21-5:21)


A. Justification 3:21-31
1) It’s fountain is GRACE 3:24
2) It’s ground is BLOOD 3:25;5:9
3) It’s channel is FAITH 3:28,26,22
4) It’s proof is RESURRECTION 4:25
5) It’s evidence is WORKS Jas. 2:14-26 3: 24

v. 23- All men are not sinners alike; yet all are alike sinners.

B. The example of ABRAHAM & DAVID

Justification by faith is new doctrine. It is not some new idea. Abraham was

Justification by faith.

Gen. 15:6

i) Abraham was justified by faith and not by works 4:8


ii) Abraham was justified by faith and not by religious ritual of circumcision
4:13-17

iii) Abraham was justified by faith and not by adherence the Mosaic Law

4: 18-15

iv) Abraham was justified by faith in the promise God had made to him 4:18-
15
David faith to keep the law
David was justified by his faith 4:8; psalm 32: 1, 2.

C) The result Of Justification 5:1-11

In the case 5th chapter Paul discusses both the basis for justification and the blessing
to be derived from justification. In this chapter Paul also presents the contrast of the
first man
Adam to the second Adam, JESUS CHRIST.

JUSTIFIED: “JUST AS IF I’D NEVER SINNED”

Blessings:-
1. PEACE v.1
2. ACCESS v.2
3. JOY v.2
4. GLORY v.3
5. LOVE OF GOD v.5
VI IMPARTED RIGHTEOUSNESS: SANCTIFICATION

(5:12-8:17)

a) The Basis for Sanctification is a change in heredity (5:12-6:4)


i) Contrast and comparison between Adam & Christ 5:12-19
Sin entered through one man Adam
ii) Adam is the pattern of one to come cf. 1 Cor. 15:45-49
The basis of Sanctifications is of Grace

b) The secret of Sanctification is to live in light of who you are (6:5-14)

 Sanctification is a process. Whereas the justification occurs at the time a


person places saving faith in the finished cross-work of Christ and is imparted with
perfect righteousness; Sanctification is never completed while on earth.

 One of the most important concepts for new Christians to realize is that the
process of sanctification is carried out by the Holy Spirit in cooperation with the
individual believer . Transformation in to the image of Christ is directly
proportional to the submission to the Holy Spirit

Process :

i) Know v.3,6
ii) Recall v.11
iii) Believe v V.8
iv) Yield v 13
v) Be led by the Spirit 8:1

C) Sin no Longer needs to be your Master (6: 15-23)

D) Sanctification & the Law (7: 1-25)

i) The believe and the law (1-6)


ii) Struggling with sin under the law (7-13)
iii) The believer, struggle with sin (14-250)
E) In chapter 6 & 7 Paul answered 4 objections

1. Rom. 6:1-14 Dead to sin, Alive in CHRIST The first objection is that Salvation by grace would
Encourage man to go sinning (6:1)
Ans: Being united with Christ implies sharing in His death & resurrection (6:2-10)
The believer is to act on this (6.11) refuse to sin (6:12) and yield himself to God’s will (6.13)

2. Rom. 6: 15 – 7 : 6 Slaves to righteousness


The second objection (6: 15) is the fear that the gospel of grace implies a freedom to sin.
It is impossible for believer to continue sinning. Serving God Vs Serving Sin.
6: 22, 23. Grace Controls attitude; Law controls actions.

7: 1-6 - Illustration from marriage: Through faith in Christ the believer died to the law and now belongs
the Christ ( 7 :4)

Rom: 7-12 - The Law is Holy


- 3rd objection is whether the law is sinful ( 7: 7)
- Foundation of the law
- Law cannot sanctity (7: 10-11) but the
Law is blameless

Rom . 7: 13-25 Struggling with sin

The 4th objection is (7 : 13) whether the law caused death

The answer is that the law having its origin condem the carnal nature (7:13-14) conflict between law of
sin Law of sin & Law of God.
How can the conflict be resolved? 7:25

F) Sanctification and the Holy Spirit (8: 1-17)

a) God has done what the law could not do (8: 1-2)
b) What blessings are experienced when the Holy Spirit Lives in the believer (8: 1-17)

- No Condemnation ( 8: 1)
- Free from law of sin death (8:2)
- Life & peace (8:6)
- Victory over sinful nature (8:9)
- Being sons of God (8:14)
- Heirs of God (8:17)

Note especially the privileges of being sons of God (8:14-17)

VII RIGHTEOUSNESS CONSUMMATED: GLORIFICATION

(8:18-39)
i) CONNECTION BETWEEN PRESENT SUFFERING & Glorification 8: 17 (b)
ii) Contrast between present suffering & Glorification 8 : 18
iii) Glorification is the hope
- Groaning of creation 8: 19-22
- Groaning of Christian 8: 23-25
- Groaning of Spirit 8: 26-27

iv) Guarantee of our Glorification 8: 28-39

i) God’s determination ( God’s promises) 8:28-34


ii) God’s love 8: 35-39
iii) We are more than conqueror

VIII GOD’S DEALING WITH ISRAEL (9-11)

This Section deals with the Jewish of the Gospel. If Jews have received special privileges, what
would become of them? Why did they reject the gospel? How do they fit into God’s plan of
salvation?

9: 1-5 The Fact of Rejection

a) Note Paul’s love & intense anguish over Israel’s rejection (vv. 1-3)
b) Note the eight privileges of Israel 4& 5

9: 6-29 The Justice of Rejection


a) Despite Israel’s unbelief, God’s sovereign choice of Israel is still valid ( 9:6-13)
Not all Jews are God’s children, God’s sovereignty. Illustrated in the case of
Jacob & Esau
b) God is not unjust He is free to show mercy or wrath because Israel belongs to
Him.Eg.Potter & Clay

9: 30- 10: 21 Causes of Rejection

a) Jews rejected god’s provision of righteousness by faith -9:30-10:4.


b) Jews failed to recognize that they and the gentiles are put right with God in the same
way (10: 12-13).
Salvation required no human effort (10: 6-7) Note what is involved is receiving the
righteousness of God (10:9-11, 14-15)
c) This method leaves no room for excusing Israel’s unbelief (10: 16-21) the O.T bears
witness to the fact that Jews have understand the message but have rejected it
( 10:16-21).

Rom. 11: 1-10 Rejection not total

God’s rejection of Israel is not complete

- There is a remnant 11:5,1


- At the time of Ellijah 11: 2-4
- Those who refused the way of faith experience a hardening of heart ( 11: 7-10).

Rom.11.11-24 Rejection not final

The rejection of Israel is not final. There is a divine purpose for this
- The blessing of the gospel have been extended to the gentiles (11.11-12)
- The salvation of the gentiles will make Israel jealous (11.11)
- The future restoration of the Jews will bring greater riches 11:12, 15.
- The rejection of the Jews serves as a warning to the Gentiles ( 11:16-24).

Note the 2 illustrations:


i) The dough 11:16
ii) The root

The metaphor of the olive tree and its broken branches and the wild olive shoot which was grafted
in.

Rom. 11: 25-36 – Future Restoration of Israel

All Israel will be saved 11:26

The restoration of Israel is according to God’s plan and purpose and mercy (11:28-32)

This section concludes with

Praise to God’s wisdom & knowledge 11:33-36

IX RIGHTEOUSNESS PRACTICED ROM. 12-16

Rom. 12 Moral & SPIRITUAL DUTIES

Rom. 12: 1-8 Christian Consecration & Service

a) The only fitting response to god’s mercy in providing justification by faith is by dedicating
one’s self body completed to Him.
- Living Sacrice – 12:1
- How can one know the will of God? 12:2.

b) Spiritual gifts are given to be used for the service of others. (12:3-8)
In what way should a Christian think of himself and his abilities?
12: 9-21 Christian character & behavior Love is to shape and control the Christian’s character
and behaviors.
Rom 13- Civil & Political Duties:

1-7 CHRISTIAN ATTITUDE towards authority

- The keyword is submission. What reason are given to explain this?


- Civil government is by divine appointment
- Exists as God’s servant to do good.

What practical examples of good citizenship are given? (13: 6-7)

13: 8-14- Christian obligation to fellow citizen. The key is love your neighbor as yourself (13: 9-10)

The compelling reason for godly living is the urgency of the times ( 13: 11-12)

Rom. 14 & 15 – Social & individual duties

14: 1-23 Christian conscience & liberty. What should be done when there are difference of practice?

15: 1-13 1CHRISTIAN UNITY


X CONCLUSION

Rom 15: 14-33 The plan & purpose of Paul’s ministry

Note – Paul’s calling 15: 16

- Paul’s ministerial signs – 15: 19

- His ambition to be pioneer 15: 22-29

- His longing to visit Rome and the reason for the delay 15: 22-29

- His prayer request 15: 30-33

XI COMMENDATION & GREETINGS – 16: 1-27


Paul ends the letter by sending greetings to many - 16: 1-16

He also warns against division & false teaching - 16: 17-20

The closing verses of praise make reference to the gospel of Jesus Christ (16: 25-27)

XII (A) REFLECTION

1. How should Christians react to a government which is hostile to the gospel?

2. List the qualities & attitude, which indicates new life in Christ.

3. How would you answer a person who says that Christianity is a Jewish religion & not meant for
Asians?

4.What verse would you pick to give encouragement to a Christian who is in suffering?
5.Memories & Meditate: 5:1 ; 6:11 ; 7:24-25.

6.How would you answer to someone who said that it is enough to please god by doing your best?

7.How does cross reveal God’s justice & love? What does it teach about sin?

8.Explain to a “religious” or respectable person why he needs justification?

XII (B) MEMORY VERSES

1 : 14-16; 1 :17; 2 : 11-12; 3 : 23-26; 5 : 1-4 ; 6 : 6, 14, 23; 7: 12;

8 :6, 31-34 ; 35-39; 9 : 1,2; 10:: 10-12; 11: 33-36; 12: 1,2,9,17,21;

13: 7-10; 14: 1; 15:1; 15:32, 37; 16: 19, 20.

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