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INTRODUCTIO
N
Communication is the process whereby speech, sings or action transmit
information from one person to another. No matter the type or mechnism of
communication, every intace of communication must have a message that
being tranferred from sender to receiver. In order for communication to be
successful, that the sender and receiver must have some signs, word or signals
in common with each other so the sent message can be understood.
That response may lead us to react and give another message. This process
may than go on and on. It can be any form of messages that we wish to
communicate or share to the audience or someone else. It may be an idea,
thought or our feeling on particular issue.
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There are many languages spoken in the world. The first language learnt
by a baby is, his or her mother tongue. It is the language, which he or she
listens to from his or her birth. Any other language learned or acquired after
that is known as the second language.
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a will, English can be learnt easily, no matter who you are and where you come
from.
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While Erving Goffman sees the performance of self as the most important frame to
understand communication. Goffman wrote, what does seem to be reqired of the individual is that
he learn enough pieces of expression to be able to fill in and manage, more or less, any part that
he likely to be given(Goffman 73) Goffman is highlighting the significance of expression.
The truth in both cases is the articulation of the message and the package as one. The
construction of the message from social and historical contex is the seed as is the pre-exiting
message is for the transmission model. Therefore any look into communication theory should
include the possibilities drefted by such greta scholars as Richard A. Lanham and Erving Goffman
that style and performance is the whole process.
By using the Transactional Model oral communication, it assumes that people are connected
through communication; they engage in transaction. Firstly, it recognizes that communication
affects all parties involved. So communication is fluid/simultaneos. This is how most conversation
are like. The transactional model also contains ellipses that symbolize the communication
environment (how you interpret the data that you are given). Where the ellipses meet is the most
effect communication area because both communicators share the same meaning of the message.
For example talking/listening to friends. While your friend is talking you are constantly giving
them feedback on what you think through you facial expression verbal feedback without necessarily
stopping your friend from talking.
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As its name implies, a small group has a limited number of members. The
minimum number is three. (A group of two persons is called a dyad, and it
operates quite differently from a group of three or more.) There is some
difference of opinion about the maximum number of people who constitute a
small group. Most experts set the maximum number at seven or eight: some go
as high as twelve. The important point is that the group must be small enough
to allow free discussion among all members. In small-group communication, all
participants are potentially speakers and listeners.Members of small group
assembble for a specific purpose.They are not just a band of three to twelve
people who happen to end up in the same room. They gather to find solutions
for a particular problem.
Although speaking in a small group is not the same as public
speaking. It involves many similar skills. Members of small group influence one
another through communication. At times they inform their fellow members. At
other times they seek to persuade them. As a participant in asmall group, you
might influence our collegues by giving them important information, by
encouraging them to speak, by convising them to change their minds, by
leading them into a new channel of communication,even by getting them to
end a metting of the group. All other members of the group have the same
oppurtunity to influence you through effective communication.
For a group to succeed, members must allign their personal goals with
the groups goal. This sounds obvious, but it is not always easy. When we are
working with other people on a project, the group goal-and most likely the goal
of each member-is to get good grade, which should ensure a positive attitude
towards the group. There is strongincentive for members to cooperate and
commit them selves to completing the task.
Problems arise when one or more members have personal goals that
conflict with the groups goal. Here is the kind of situation than occur:
Sherri Baines is a member of the committe to buy new equipment for the
local newspapers employee cafetaria. Because the budget is very tight,the
committees goals to get the best equipment for the lowest price. But unknown
to the other members of the group. Sherris son-in-low is salesman for a
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PUBLIC
COMMUNICATION
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we usually can. On the other hand, if we predict disaster and doom, that is
almost always what we will get. This is especially true when it come to public
speaking.
Many psychologists believe that the ratio of positive to negative thoughts
in regard to stressful activies such as speech making should be at least five to
one. That is, for each negative thought, we should counter with a minimum of
five positive ones.
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CONCLUSION
blurred, it indirectly brings confusion to the listener and as a result, the listener
is not getting the accurate information. When the listener misinterpreted the
conversation, it will cause to misunderstanding.
Therefore, it is important that the message we want to convey to the
listener, can be received correctly.
In addition, mastering English is also important because it is the
universal language, and has been used in various levels of society in the world.
It is a critical requirement to succeed in all jobs today. Thats why we are
learning English as well as on how to speak this language perfectly today.
3333 Words
REFERENCES
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http://jurnal-sdm.bil
http://en.wilkipedia.org/wiki/interpersonal_communicationogspot.com/20
10/01
http://www.abacon.com/commstudies/interpersonal/indefinition.html
http://www.publicspeakingskills.com/
http://egate.oum.edu.my/pdf/oumh1303_eng_for_oral_comm.pdf
www.managementstudyguide.com/oral-communication.htm
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