Eyes

Parts of the eyes.

Light waves enter through the cornea which bends it so that they can pass through the
iris.
The cornea is a thin, transparent membrane that forms the front of the eye
The iris changes the size of the pupil to control the amount of light that can go in.
The muscles around the lens change the thickness of the lens to focus the light on the
retina and to see distance objects in focus.
Retina

The retina detects light signals and sends them to the brain.
The retina is made up of cones and rods.
Cones detect bright light and colors and rod detect dim light.
The cones and rods detect light and convert them into electrical signals.
These electrical signals are send to the brain via the optic nerve.
Brain

The brain interprets the color, shape, movement, and location of the object.
As the image is upside down, the brain interprets it as right side up.
The brain also combines images from the left and right eye to create a sense of depth
and distance

Parts of the eye

Lens

Color deficiency

Color deficiency occurs when the cone cells dont function properly.
About 5% to 8% of men and 0.5% of women have color deficiency.

 Vision Problems
Nearsightedness

Nearsightedness happens when the cornea is curved too much or the eye is too long.
People with nearsightedness can only see near objects clearly.
Faraway objects look blurry.
Nearsightedness

Correcting nearsightedness

Nearsightedness can be corrected with eye glasses, contact lenses, and laser surgery.
Nearsightedness can be corrected by using a concave lens (diverging).
Nearsightedness can also be corrected by laser surgery which flattens the cornea.

Farsightedness

Farsightedness happens when the cornea is too flat or the eye is too short.
People with farsightedness can only see faraway objects clearly.
Near objects look blurry.

Farsightedness can be corrected with eye glasses, contact lenses, and laser surgery.
Farsightedness can be corrected by using a convex lens (converging).
Farsightedness can also be corrected by laser surgery which increases the curve of the
cornea.