Vol09 Pt01 Issue 01 Submarine Structures PDF

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AUSTRALIAN DEFENCE FORCE

MARITIME MATERIEL REQUIREMENTS SET
DEF(AUST)5000Vol 09 Pt 01 Iss 01
Dated: 12th Oct. 2009
Replacing/Superseding
Nil
Volume 09
Submarine System requirements
Part 01
Submarine Structures
Usage: Maritime
Commonwealth of Australia 2009

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Uncontrolled when printed or downloaded. Refer to web-site:
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DEF(AUST)500&Vol09 Pt 01-lss 01
PROMULGATION
Sponsor MRS-CMA
Audit Document Format Requirements
1
Signed: > Signed:
Name: G. K. Watson Name: P. F. King
Appointment: Appointment:
Principal Naval Architect - Directorate of MRS - Configuration Management Authority
Submarine Engineering
Date: .............................................. 7O C 0
~4
Date: .............................................
MRS Peer Review Group Assistant Director
Assign Document Maturity Level Pass Technidil Content

/ i ,'
-- I
Signed: > Signed:
Name: G. K. Watson > Name: G. K. Watson
Appointment: Appointment:
Principal Naval Architect - Directorate of Principal Naval Architect - Directorate of
Submarine Engineering Submarine Engineering
Date: ............ P%.?./.~.Y ......... DML 2 Date: .... .?-.9/.9.l!?.q................

5
Director Head Navy Engineering Division

Approve Technical Content Autho-iseflelease for ADO Use
A
Signed: Signed:
Name: Andrew Horobin
Appointme
Date: .. x.7... ............... Date:
II
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htt~://defweb.cbr.defence.qov.au/home/documents/navvcoll.htm
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DEF(AUST)5000Vol 09 Pt 01 SecIss 01
DEF(AUST)5000 CHANGE PROPOSAL

INSTRUCTIONS
1. This page is to be used to report specific errors, omissions or to suggest improvements to this publication.
2. Please attach additional comments/drawings/sketches as necessary.
3. Copies are to be forwarded for follow-up action to:
a. Director of Submarine Engineering (DSME), South Australia and
PO Box 1292, North Haven SA. 5018
b. Navy Specification and Technical Documents Centre (NSTDC), Campbell Park Offices, CP4-SP-WS013,
MDP9401, Department of Defence, CANBERRA ACT 2600, or alternatively
c. Change proposals can be submitted electronically using the User Feedback form located on
the DEF(AUST)5000 DEFWEB site: http://defweb.cbr.defence.gov.au/home/documents/navycoll.htm
PROPOSED CHANGE
Proposal:
The Above Discrepancy Materiel Safety Materiel Capability Other
ORIGINATING SOURCES CONTACT DETAILS

Organisation/Ship/Establishment:
Submitted by:
Signature Printed Name Rank/Designation E-mail Address Date
Recommended by Yes No
SPONSORS ACTION
Change Proposal is
Document Sponsor: Yes No
Approved:
Comments:
Authorised by MRS-PRG:
1
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ISSUE HISTORY
Issue No. Issue Date Description of Changes Affected Pages Sponsors Name
01 12 Oct 2009 Initial Issue All Graham Watson

02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
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PREFACE
1. This document was prepared by the Directorate of Submarine Engineering and is an element of the
DEF(AUST)5000ADF Maritime Materiel Requirements Set.
2. The general requirements specified herein are to be used in the generation of capability-specific function
and performance specifications associated with procurement, modification, maintenance, and repair of
maritime materiel.
3. This document will be updated at regular intervals to reflect lessons learned and changes in National
Standards, or to incorporate other nations standards required for collaborative activities.
4. Queries and comments regarding the use and/or interpretation of this document are to be directed to the
sponsor.
3
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................ 5
1.1 Life Cycle .................................................................................................................................. 5
1.2 What is Covered ....................................................................................................................... 5
1.3 What is Not Covered................................................................................................................. 5
2 Documents ........................................................................................................................................ 6
2.1 Applicable Documents .............................................................................................................. 7
2.2 Referenced Documents ............................................................................................................ 8
3 DEFINITIONS, ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................... 9
3.1 Definitions ................................................................................................................................. 9
3.2 Acronyms ................................................................................................................................ 10
3.3 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................... 10
4 Background ..................................................................................................................................... 11
4.1 Significance to RAN ................................................................................................................ 11
4.2 Consequences of Poor Performance or Hazard ..................................................................... 11
5 Functional and Performance Requirements .................................................................................... 12
5.1 General ................................................................................................................................... 12
5.2 Loads ...................................................................................................................................... 12
5.3 Pressure Hull Safety Factors .................................................................................................. 13
5.4 Overall Structure ..................................................................................................................... 14
5.5 Structural Elements................................................................................................................. 14
5.6 Watertight and Oil Tight Structure........................................................................................... 17
5.7 Materials ................................................................................................................................. 17
5.8 Fabrication .............................................................................................................................. 18
5.9 Welding ................................................................................................................................... 19
5.10 Non Destructive Examination.................................................................................................. 19
5.11 Maintainability ......................................................................................................................... 20
5.12 Signature................................................................................................................................. 20
6 DESIGN AND PRODUCT CONSTRAINTS..................................................................................... 21
6.1 Specific Design/Engineering Constraints................................................................................ 21
6.2 Navy Practice Constraints....................................................................................................... 21
6.3 Navy Personnel Constraints ................................................................................................... 21
6.4 Navy Logistic Constraints ....................................................................................................... 21
6.5 Australian Industry Constraints ............................................................................................... 21
6.6 Legislative Constraints............................................................................................................ 21
6.7 Interoperability Constraints ..................................................................................................... 21
6.8 Commonality Constraints........................................................................................................ 21
6.9 Regulatory Constraints ........................................................................................................... 21
7 Deliverables (DIDs) ......................................................................................................................... 22
7.1 General ................................................................................................................................... 22
7.2 Tender Deliverables................................................................................................................ 22
7.3 Pre Contract Deliverables ....................................................................................................... 24
7.4 During Contract Deliverables .................................................................................................. 24
7.5 Contract Deliverables.............................................................................................................. 24
7.6 Manufacture ............................................................................................................................ 24
7.7 Test Regime............................................................................................................................ 24
7.8 Maintenance/Hull Survey ........................................................................................................ 24
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1 SCOPE
1.1 Life Cycle

1.1.1 This document is applicable throughout the life of the submarine from conception until disposal.
Together with the documents and drawings referred to herein, it is subject to periodic revision. The
Shipbuilder must ensure that he is in possession of the correct edition for each particular tender or
contract. Enquiry in this regard should be made to the Department.
1.2 What is Covered

1.2.1 This document specifies high level structural requirements for RAN Submarines. It is generally based
on the supposition that acceptable rules and requirements for the particular submarine hull design
basis are currently in existence. The set of structural design rules, codes and standards employed for
a particular submarine must be authorised in accordance with Navy regulatory requirements. In
cases where the design deviates from this MRS Part, the designer is to itemise and justify non
adherence for these requirements.
1.2.2 Reference to any document/drawing also implies reference to any other relevant document/drawing
cited therein.
1.2.3 The requirements of this standard shall take precedence over all documents quoted herein. Where
anomalies occur in the documents quoted this should be brought to the attention of the MRS
Configuration Management Authority.
1.3 What is Not Covered

1.3.1 The document may not cover all aspects of submarine structural design. The onus on the designer is
always to use good practice and best engineering judgement to ensure that the whole structure is fit
for purpose and safe to personnel, the public and the environment.
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2 DOCUMENTS
DISCLAIMER NOTICE
If any information in this publication is attributed to another work the reader should consult
that work to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication.
Should there be any discrepancy between this publication and the other work no person
should rely on the contents of this publication without first obtaining advice from the Office of
the Head Navy Engineering.
The Commonwealth, the authors, consultants and editors are not responsible for the results
of any actions taken on the basis of information in this publication which is attributed to
another work if:
(a) the reader has failed to consult that other work to ensure the accuracy of
the information contained in this publication which is attributed to that other
work; or
(b) there is a discrepancy between the information contained in this publication
which is attributed to another work and that other work and the person has failed
to first obtain advice from the Office of the Head Navy Engineering.
The Commonwealth, and the authors, consultants and editors, expressly disclaim all and any
liability and responsibility to any person, whether a reader of this publication or not,
in respect of anything, and of the consequences of anything, done or omitted to be done by
any such person in reliance, whether wholly or partially, upon the whole or any part of
the contents of this publication which is attributed to another work if:
(a) the reader has failed to consult that other work to ensure the accuracy of the
information contained in this publication which is attributed to that other work; or
(b) there is a discrepancy between the information contained in this publication
which is attributed to another work and that other work and the person has failed
to first obtain advice from the Office of the Head Navy Engineering.
If the reader of this publication discovers any item of information in this publication which
appears to be incorrect, then the onus is on the reader to verify whether this information is
correct with the Office of the Head Navy Engineering.
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2.1 Applicable Documents

2.1.1 The following documents are called up in this document. When applying this DEF(AUST)5000
document, the user is required to use the dated version if specified, or otherwise negotiate with the
sponsor a suitably dated version for each applicable document.
2.1.2 In accordance with DI(G) LOG 4511 Defence Policy on Materiel Standardisation document
selection shall be based on the following order of precedence. Noting that in situations where no
other standard adequately addresses the ADOs requirements, Australian Defence Standards are to
be used in preference to other standards. Government, operational and/or technical imperatives can
override preference to other standards:
Australian Defence Documents

List of Applicable Documents Applicability and Availability
ABR 6492 Navy Technical Regulations Manual Australian DOD specification.
http://intranet.defence.gov.au/ - policy / documents
SUBSAFE Series Australian DOD specifications.
http://intranet.defence.gov.au/ - policy / documents
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 2 Part 2 - General requirements Australian DOD specification
for RAN Submarines
http://defweb.cbr.defence.gov.au/navysyscom/mrs/homepa
ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 9 Part 11 Watertight Integrity Australian DOD specification
and Recovery from Flooding
ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 3 Part 5 - RAN Welding Australian DOD specification
Standard
ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 2 part 6 - General Shock Australian DOD specification
Requirements
ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 2 part 7 Classified Shock Australian DOD specification
Requirements - General
ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 2 part 8 Vibration Australian DOD specification
ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 2 part 19 RAN Engineering Australian DOD specification
Drawing Requirements.
ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 2 part 28 Ship Electronic Australian DOD specification
Product Modelling.
ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 3 part 4 - Painting Australian DOD specification
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ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 3 part 10 - Weight Control Australian DOD specification
ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 3 part 16 - Cathodic Protection Australian DOD specification
ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 9 Part 7 - Submarine Escape Australian DOD specification
and Rescue
ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 9 Part 5 - Explosive Stowages in Australian DOD specification
Submarines
ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 9 Part4 Submarine Australian DOD specification
Hydrodynamics, Manoeuvring and Control
ge.asp
DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 9 Part 2 - RAN Submarines Hull Australian DOD specification
Survey Requirements
ge.asp
2.2 Referenced Documents

2.2.1 The following documents were used in the development of this MRS Part. The appropriate
information from these documents has been included and the authors are hereby acknowledged.
General Specifications for Ships of the United States Navy, 1994 Ed.
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3 DEFINITIONS, ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
3.1 Definitions
3.1.1 Requirement definitions used throughout DEF(AUST)5000 documents are contained in the
DEF(AUST)5000Vol 01 Pt 03MRS Definitions and Abbreviations. Additional definitions not
currently provided in the fore mentioned reference are listed as follows:
Minimum Collapse Depth is the depth at which the pressure hull as built has an acceptably low
(MCD) probability of collapse if taken there once, assuming that all allowable
(by specification) departures from standards are adverse.
Nominal Collapse Depth is the depth at which pressure hull collapse is predicted by calculation
assuming that material properties, structural scantlings and ring frame
out of circularity are their nominated rather than minimum values.
Deep diving depth (DDD) is the maximum depth, measured to the underside of the keel, to which
the submarine shall be capable of unrestricted operation.
Deep Diving Depth is the sea water pressure at DDD.
Pressure (DDDP)
Watertight: Structure that is watertight must withstand the designed head of

pressure without deformation and without weeping or beading at seals or
penetrations.
Airtight: Structure that is airtight must withstand an overpressure test of 15

millibars.
Gastight Structure that is gastight must withstand a vacuum test of 5millibars.
Minor Structure
Structure that does not in any way contribute to the main structural
strength or watertight integrity of the vessel. Examples of minor structure
are linings and false deckheads, partitioning, lockers and furnishings and
non-watertight bulkheads.
Secondary Structure Structure that does not contribute significantly to the strength of the
vessel but does contribute to significant operational, OHS, water and
airtight integrity. Examples of secondary structure are, External tanks
structure not subject to full DDD pressure, Internal tanks structure not
subject to full DDD pressure and Flats and decks.
Primary Structure Structure that contributes significantly to the watertight integrity and
strength of the vessel. Failure in this structure would lead to overall
collapse of the submarine or to uncontrollable flooding. Examples of
primary structure include pressure hull, pressure hull frames, watertight
bulkheads including frames and shear plates, hatches and coamings,
SUBSAFE boundary equipments
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Critical Structure Structure within high stress areas of the pressure hull where FOS is
approaching design limits. Critical structure is determined by design
analysis or through test and examination of existing structure. Examples
of critical structure may include junction of pressure hull with bulkheads
or deep frames, junction of shear plates with bulkheads or pressure hull,
junction of hatch coamings, conning or escape towers, SSEs or other
large penetrations with the pressure hull, primary structure with known
defects which increase local stress levels above original design stresses
and any other structural discontinuities.
3.2 Acronyms
3.2.1 The majority of acronyms used in this document are contained in the ADFP 103Abbreviations and
Military Symbols or the Macquarie Dictionary
3.3 Abbreviations
3.3.1 Requirement abbreviations used throughout DEF(AUST)5000 documents are contained in the
DEF(AUST)5000Vol 01 Pt 3MRS Definitions and Abbreviations. Additional abbreviations not
currently provided in the fore mentioned reference are provided as follows:
MCD Minimum Collapse Depth

DDD Deep Diving Depth
DDDP Deep Diving Depth Pressure
OCD Operational Concept Document
DAR Design Acceptance Representative
TRA Technical Regulatory Authority
UUC Usage Upkeep Cycles
IP Intellectual Property
Lbp Length between perpendiculars
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4 BACKGROUND
4.1 Significance to RAN

4.1.1 Safety Aspects. The design of the pressure hull is critical to the maintenance of the safety of the
submarine crew through the full range of operating depths of the submarine. The design of
secondary structure and equipment mounts is also critical to the maintenance of safety under a
shock environment.
4.1.2 Capability Aspects. The design of the pressure hull, secondary structure and equipment mounts is
critical to the maintenance of operational capability following shock loads. The detail of the design to
minimise the likelihood and impacts of corrosion is also critical to the ability to sustain the capability
in a cost effective and timely manner.
4.1.3 Environmental Aspects. Ensures sufficient strength to prevent an environmental hazard in the
case of a minor collision.
4.2 Consequences of Poor Performance or Hazard

4.2.1 Poor design can lead to catastrophic loss of the submarine or loss of life. Poor detailed design can
also lead to expensive and drawn out repairs to structure to repair corrosion, weld failures or fatigue
cracking which can create high cost of ownership and reduced submarine availability.
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5 FUNCTIONAL AND PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
5.1 General
5.1.1 The operational conditions ie, operation area and required life for which the submarine is to be
designed shall be as detailed in the OCD. The OCD shall define the required DDD and the design
fatigue life of the pressure hull against diving cycles.
5.1.2 RAN submarines shall be designed to withstand all the loads and environmental condition to which it
may be subjected over its lifetime. The resulting stresses, deformation and failure after damage are
to be within acceptable limits as appropriate to the calculation method employed.
5.2 Loads
5.2.1 Loading on structure as a minimum is to consider the following:
5.2.1.1 hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressure on the hull,
5.2.1.2 pressure/ load due to internal fluid loadings, equipment and stowage,
5.2.1.3 pressure/ load due to operational equipment,
5.2.1.4 pressure/ load due to flooding after damage,
5.2.1.5 environmental loads such as wind, green seas and ice,
5.2.1.6 shock pressure loads and accelerations,
5.2.1.7 rolling and pitching motions of the submarine and
5.2.1.8 accidental loadings for example detonation of pyrotechnics or Special Forces weapons.
5.2.1.9 Bottoming/docking submarine
5.2.2 The resulting stresses from such loading shall be to a level of accuracy appropriate to the calculation
method employed.
5.2.3 For the purpose of calculation, the submarine loading to be considered is to include the maximum
combined static and dynamic loads applied with and without End of Life (EOL) growth margins. If any
other conditions are more severe then this is also to be considered.
5.2.4 The calculation procedures are at the discretion of the designer but subject to the approval of the
DAR. Regardless of the procedure used the initial imperfections and residual stresses expected
during construction are to be taken into account in all relevant calculations.
5.2.5 Shock
5.2.5.1 Underwater weapons can produce damage to the hull by shock and whipping effects. If the
explosion is in the near vicinity of the hull, the effect can be catastrophic.
5.2.5.2 Requirements of the OCD and DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 2 Parts 6 and 7 shall be satisfied.
5.2.5.3 In order to avoid rupture of structure resulting from underwater explosion the following design
guidance should also be employed:
5.2.5.3.1 Avoid hard spot which can cause stress concentration,
5.2.5.3.2 Avoid large difference in stiffness of adjoining members,
5.2.5.3.3 Ensure good continuity of girders and other structural members,
5.2.5.3.4 Avoid use of unsymmetrical stiffening,
5.2.5.3.5 Do not employ brittle materials in the hull structure, associated fittings and pressure tight
enclosures exposed to external seawater pressures,
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5.2.5.3.6 Adequately support the hull fittings,

5.2.5.3.7 Shock clearances shall be provided where required,
5.2.5.4 Pressure hull material and weld shock survivability shall be demonstrated by bulge explosion
testing or another method deemed appropriate by the DAR.
5.2.5.5 Compliance to performance criteria after exposure to shock at the levels detailed in the OCD shall
be demonstrated by OQE to the extent deemed suitable by the DAR.
5.2.6 Vibration
5.2.6.1 Consideration is to be given to structural vibration either from cyclic sea loads, machinery or other
sources. Appropriate measures are to be taken to eliminate high stress or resonance resulting
from such phenomenon. Further requirements are provided by DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 2 part 8
Vibration.
5.2.7 Docking
5.2.7.1 The keel and hull structure shall be designed to withstand the loads imposed by the worst docking
condition, taking account of any overhang at bow or stern. Limiting docking conditions imposed
by the hull structure are to be identified on the docking drawings.
5.2.8 Damage
5.2.8.1 Strength and watertight integrity of the submarine structure following damage due to abnormal
loadings must be assessed.
5.2.8.2 The type and extent of damage due to military action will be as detailed in the OCD.
5.2.8.3 The extent of collision damage to external non-pressure hull plating is to be taken as:
5.2.8.3.1 Length - 4 percent Lbp anywhere along the external tank structure
5.2.8.3.2 Width - inboard up to but not including the pressure hull plating
5.2.8.4 The extent of grounding damage is to be taken as:
5.2.8.4.1 Length - 10 percent Lbp anywhere forward of amidship
5.3 Pressure Hull Safety Factors

5.3.1 The chosen order of failure and the factors of safety against failure are to be consistent with a well
proven pressure hull design methodology. The rationale used for the selected factors shall be
documented and subject to acceptance by the TRA. The factors of safety shall be developed in
conjunction with the selected builder with due regards for the actual manufacturing capabilities
relative to circularity, straightness, frame tilt and available materials. An important criterion to be
satisfied in the selection of the factors of safety for the submarine structure shall be the minimising of
self weight.
5.3.2 As a minimum, design factors of safety for the pressure hull shall consider residual stresses, hull
circularity, frame and plate tolerances as follows:
5.3.2.1 Initial yielding not causing instability (typically 1.3 DDD)
5.3.2.2 Frame yielding due to out of circularity (typically 1.75 DDD)
5.3.2.3 Axi-symmetric yielding (typically 2.0 DDD)
5.3.2.4 Local instability (typically 4.0 DDD)
5.3.2.5 Global instability (typically 4.5 DDD)
5.3.2.6 In-plane compressive and/or shear stresses within plates
5.3.2.7 Primary and secondary stiffening members subject to axial compression and shear.
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5.3.3 Cyclic stresses shall be at a level which does not incur fatigue cracking in the primary or secondary
structure at any stage through life. Diving cycles shall be as defined in the OCD.
5.4 Overall Structure

5.4.1 Hull construction details shall not adversely affect the quiet running of the submarine. Hatches,
fittings, topside gear, and piping shall be designed and installed to be free of rattles. Hull attached
protuberances shall be hydrodynamically shaped to minimise the generation of flow noise. Structural
details, such as size of panels or relatively long thin struts connected to plating, shall be designed to
be as resonance-free as possible, both locally and generally.
5.4.2 Every effort shall be made to minimize the number of pressure hull penetrations.
5.4.3 Hollow shafts and masts that penetrate the pressure hull shall withstand an internal pressure equal to
the pressure at minimum design collapse depth.
5.4.4 Holes shall have smooth boundaries, free from notches or re-entry angles from which cracks may be
propagated. In general, holes in structure shall be circular. Where circular openings are not
practicable, the corner radii of rectangular openings in pressure hull shell plating shall be designed to
minimise stress concentration. If the size or location of an opening is such as to impair the strength of
an important structural member, measures shall be taken to reduce the unit stress in way of the hole.
5.4.5 Drain and air holes shall be provided to avoid the entrapment of water pools or air bubbles within
tanks and bilges.
5.4.6 Openings with portable covers shall be provided for access to equipment requiring maintenance
outside of docking availabilities and for anode replacement. Access to such equipment shall not
require cutting of structure. Replacement of anodes shall not require cutting in close proximity to the
pressure hull.
5.4.7 Particular attention is to be paid to the bilges because of the history of general wastage and
microbiologically induced corrosion found there. Where possible the bilges should be sited in areas
of low stress. Alternately consideration should be given to the use of thicker plate to provide an
increased allowance for corrosion.
5.4.8 Any pressure tight enclosures exposed to external seawater pressure shall be designed to avoid
sudden collapse or sited to minimise the effects of implosion on surrounding structure, equipment,
piping etc.
5.5 Structural Elements

5.5.1 Pressure Hull
5.5.1.1 The pressure hull, all trunks and other types of structure penetrating the pressure hull shall be of
approved material.
5.5.1.2 A representative number of randomly selected sites shall be ultrasonically inspected for possible
cracking into the pressure hull prior to delivery and as part of the in service hull survey program.
5.5.1.3 Any discontinuities discovered ultrasonically shall be pursued to their extremities.
5.5.1.4 Submarine pressure hull structure to be designed to a minimum factor of safety of collapse depth
over DDD.
5.5.1.5 An assessment of the consequences of an impact by an exercise torpedo on the pressure hull
shall be undertaken.
5.5.2 Pressure Hull Frames
5.5.2.1 Pressure hull frames, and structure acting as pressure hull frames, shall be located within the
tolerances specified.
5.5.2.2 Framing tolerances shall be designed for local stiffness, to resist panting, shock, and vibration and
support the shell plating against wave impact.
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5.5.2.3 Struts shall be so designed that they will not tend to tilt the frames when subjected to explosive
loading.
5.5.2.4 Framing in way of torpedo ejection pumps or cylinders shall be arranged to allow full free-flow of
water to the inlets of the pumps or cylinders.
5.5.2.5 The pressure hull framing shall be strengthened in addition to normal frame requirements, as
necessary, to support the local loads exerted by the various components located in the space.
5.5.2.6 The attachment of structure such as tank tops, lead pocket boundaries and foundations, to the
edges of pressure hull frame flanges shall be accomplished by using full penetration welds.
5.5.2.7 Attachments to the edges of pressure hull frames shall be kept to a minimum.
5.5.3 External Hull Plating (excluding Pressure Hull Plating)
5.5.3.1 Seams and butts of shell plating shall be full penetration welded joints. Plating shall be secured to
frames, floors, tanks, and longitudinals by welding. An accurate fit shall be obtained between all
members, and the designed form of all surfaces of plating and supporting framework shall be
maintained. Plate thickness shall be retained within tolerances.
5.5.3.2 Location and sizing of the main ballast tank flood holes shall minimize residual water in these
tanks. The flooding area for ballast tanks shall be large enough to ensure that the allowable stress
for the ballast tank structure will not be exceeded when the tanks are blown at the specified air
blow rate.
5.5.4 Stanchions
5.5.4.1 Stanchions shall be designed to withstand the most severe probable combination of forces to
which they will be subjected.
5.5.4.2 The connections at the heads and heels of stanchions shall be sufficient to develop the full
strength of the stanchions.
5.5.4.3 Where it is necessary to fit portable stanchions, the bolted connection shall develop the full
strength of the stanchion in the appropriate direction of loading. No other holes for bolts, threaded
connections, or for any other purpose shall be made in stanchions.
5.5.5 Bulkheads
5.5.5.1 Bulkheads are to be designed elastically. The load is to be based on the test head that the
bulkhead is to withstand and if exposed to DDD this shall be a pressure equivalent to Minimum
CD. Other loads are to be considered taking into account the dynamic effects of tank filling and
the effects of fluid motion due to ship motion.
5.5.5.2 Due account is to be taken of in-plane loads on bulkheads such as heavy equipment and water
pressure such that buckling of plating or stiffeners do not occur.
5.5.5.3 Where transverse bulkheads connect to the hull they are to be designed to resist underwater
explosion at the shock level specified in clause 2.1.2. The structure is to be designed such that
neither the hull nor the bulkhead structure ruptures prematurely following significant plastic
deformation that could be expected.
5.5.5.4 Watertight structural bulkheads shall provide support to the pressure hull, decks, machinery, and
equipment, and serve as a water-containment boundary between compartments.
5.5.5.5 Bulkheads shall be designed to provide adequate strength for the submarine as a whole and shall
withstand the following loads:
5.5.5.5.1 Design hydrostatic heads.
5.5.5.5.2 Dead loads due to mass of structure and equipment and due to docking.
5.5.5.5.3 Design shock loads.
5.5.5.5.4 Loads induced by supporting the pressure hull when subject to combined loading of
submergence and shock.
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5.5.5.6 Transverse bulkheads shall be continuous through platforms.

5.5.5.7 Attachments to bulkheads for the purpose of supporting local masses shall be made so as not to
impair the strength or tightness of the bulkhead. Insert and margin plates, special framing and
stiffening shall be fitted as necessary to distribute local stress, and, as far as practicable, the
attachments shall be made to the special framing and not directly to the bulkhead.
5.5.5.8 Primary stiffeners shall be continuous for the full width of bulkhead. Generally, stiffeners shall be
fitted on only one side of a bulkhead.
5.5.5.9 Butts in stiffeners shall not be located in regions of high bending stress, insofar as practicable.
5.5.5.10 Wherever practicable, bulkhead stiffeners shall be kept out of passageways, showers,
washrooms, and water closet spaces.
5.5.5.11 Doors and other openings shall be located so that as few stiffeners as practicable are cut, and the
structural efficiency of the bulkhead is not impaired.
5.5.5.12 Where necessary, chafing plates, castings, or half-rounds shall be fitted to protect the structure
from the whip of the anchor chains. Stiffeners on chain locker bulkheads shall be fitted on the
side opposite the chain.
5.5.5.13 Non-tight structural bulkheads are those which support platform decks, machinery, or equipment,
but do not serve as a containment boundary. Provisions shall be made to prevent damage due to
radial and longitudinal hull contraction due to submergence.
5.5.5.14 Provision shall be made to prevent damage caused by the longitudinal and radial contraction from
the combined loading of both submergence and shock.
5.5.5.15 Bulkheads supporting noise-generating equipment shall not be attached to stanchions which are
connected to pressure hull frames.
5.5.6 Decks and Platforms.
5.5.6.1 Platform plating shall be of watertight construction, but not required to withstand pressure.
Coamings, or a method of sealing shall be provided in the platform decks around openings for
groups of pipes and cables to prevent incidental water spilling into the spaces below. Sufficient
clearance shall be maintained between the coamings and resiliently hung piping passing through
to eliminate the possibility of sound shorts. Drainage of deck water shall be provided from the
platform decks to the bilges.
5.5.6.2 Portions of platform decks shall be portable to permit removal of complete equipments which are
sized to pass through the logistics hatch without disassembly.
5.5.6.3 Portable or hinged section of platform decks shall be provided where access is required. These
sections shall be rattleproof.
5.5.6.4 The connection used to join the deck structure to the hull structure shall be designed to allow for
hull flexure during depth changes with a minimum of joint-induced noise and to minimize transfer
of such noise as may be generated through the hull to the water.
5.5.7 Casing
5.5.7.1 The casing shall be designed for wave-slap loading
5.5.7.2 The structure shall be designed with a minimum safety factor of two for elastic instability of a
member under stresses caused by wave-slap.
5.5.7.3 The casing shall also be provided with rattleproof hinged or portable sections to provide access to
all parts under the casing.
5.5.7.4 Vent holes shall be sized to the minimum which will permit submergence in the time specified.
5.5.7.5 Sufficient drain holes shall be provided to permit the casing to drain completely when surfacing
without exceeding stability limits.
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5.5.8 Fin
5.5.8.1 The fin shall be free flooding with flooding and venting openings to permit submergence in the
time specified in the OCD. Venting openings shall be located and designed to minimize the entry
of seawater from waves and spray.
5.5.8.2 Fin scantlings including bridge shall be designed for a sea slap loading on the projected areas.
5.5.8.3 The structure shall be designed with a minimum factor of safety of two for elastic instability of the
member under stresses caused by wave-slap and shock.
5.5.8.4 Foundations for diving planes may be part of the fin structure.
5.5.8.5 Care shall be taken in the design to prevent deflection of diving plane supports or other fitted
equipments from affecting alignment of periscopes and masts.
5.5.8.6 Acoustic window foundations and supporting structural members shall have sufficient strength
and rigidity to maintain fin integrity under wave-slap.
5.5.9 Bollard, Anchoring and Mooring
5.5.9.1 Structure supporting any bollard or deck used for anchoring, mooring or towing shall be designed
such that the structure shall not fracture before the cable breaking load is reached.
5.5.10 Control Surfaces and Hydroplanes
5.5.10.1 The rudder and stock shall be designed for the maximum shock and hydrodynamic loadings..
The structural arrangement shall be conducive to ease of access for construction and
preservation.
5.5.11 Keel
5.5.11.1 Although keels do not significantly contribute to the strength, they experience similar longitudinal
stress levels. The design of the keel shall ensure that stress concentrations are reduced to a
minimum, appropriate grade of material selected and that appropriate measures are taken to
ensure that crack propagation would be terminated prior to reaching the pressure hull.
5.5.12 Masts
5.5.12.1 Masts are to be designed to ensure that they provide adequate stiffness and strength for the
equipment they support.
5.5.12.2 Account is to be taken of all vibration excitations and it is to be ensured that no resonant
frequencies occur. The submerged speeds at which the masts will be used are defined in the
OCD.
5.6 Watertight and Oil Tight Structure

5.6.1 Watertight or oil tight structure shall not leak when subjected to pressure of the specified fluid,
equivalent to the design head on the boundary. Tightness, in any degree, shall be attained by
positive means such as welding or gaskets/seals (for mechanical fastened structure only).
5.6.2 Stuffing tubes, flanged joints, or stuffing boxes shall be provided, as necessary, to safeguard the
tightness of the bulkhead or deck wherever wiring trunks, pipe tunnels, or shaft tunnels terminate at
the bulkhead or deck..
5.7 Materials
5.7.1 The selection of material for the submarine structure shall take into consideration the existing
technology and infrastructure available to form and weld the material.
5.7.2 The material selected in the design of the ship is to be appropriate to its location within the structure
and the environmental condition in which the ship has to operate.
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5.7.3 The materials used in the construction of the ship are to be manufactured and tested in accordance
with ISO or equivalent standards.
5.7.4 In addition to any other criteria deemed necessary to meet OCD requirements, the materials
proposed for the pressure hull structure should meet the following criteria regarding mechanical
properties:
5.7.4.1 High yield strength
5.7.4.2 High toughness levels
5.7.4.3 Ability to withstand extreme deformation at high strain rates
5.7.4.4 Low susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking
5.7.4.5 Resistance to high stress low cycle fatigue
5.7.4.6 Resistance to corrosion or loss of properties at environmental extremes.
5.7.5 Forgings and Castings
5.7.5.1 The materials proposed for forgings and castings connected to the pressure hull shall have similar
properties to the pressure hull material while also proving resistant to the corrosion and erosion
mechanisms associated with flowing or stagnant sea water under the specified environmental
conditions. They shall also be suitable for the proposed method of attachment to the pressure
hull without increasing the potential for corrosion.
5.7.6 Materials Protection
5.7.6.1 All material is to be protected in accordance with DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 3 Pt 04 Painting and Vol 3
Pt16 Cathodic Protection as applicable.
5.7.6.2 Coatings in highly corrosive areas (eg Bilges and battery compartments) shall be individually
qualified by testing.
5.7.6.3 Coatings for use in conjunction with anechoic tiles or radar absorbent materials shall be
individually qualified by testing.
5.7.6.4 Adhesives and procedures for attaching anechoic tiles shall be individually qualified by testing.
5.7.6.5 The hull and ballast tanks are required to be cathodically protected. Where dissimilar materials
are employed measures are to be incorporated to preclude galvanic corrosion.
5.7.6.6 Corrosion margins employed in the design of the structure are to be clearly identified in design
documentation. If for any reason the structure can not be preserved in accordance with specified
requirements then an additional corrosion allowance is to be incorporated in the design.
5.8 Fabrication
5.8.1 Hull circularity and straightness of hull segments shall be achieved consistently to the required
tolerances using proven and qualified fabrication control processes. These controls should utilise well
designed jigs and fixtures that accept and hold the hull plate segments in precise positions to enable
proven weld procedures and sequences to be used to fabricate the circular hull form with a minimum
of residual stress at welded joints.
5.8.2 In the fabrication and erection of hull structure, particularly welded structure, discontinuities,
undercuttings, notches, nicks, or other mechanical damage which might initiate or propagate cracks
or points of weakness leading to possible total failure of the structure shall be avoided.
5.8.3 Where local structure is subjected to significant loading, then the structure is to be fully integrated in
to the main hull structure.
5.8.4 Where part of a structural member has to be cut away, the reduction in strength shall be
compensated for.
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5.8.5 Discontinuous members on opposite sides of a through member shall line up back-to-back within
specified limits of error in offset.
5.8.6 Cold working of high tensile and high yield strength steels shall be restricted as much as practicable.
Because of the cold working effects of punching and shearing, notches cut in high strength steels
shall be cut by drilling or oxygen cutting only. Such material that has been cold-worked by shearing
shall be removed by machining, oxygen cutting, or grinding.
5.8.7 Flanges and webs of pressure hull frames or bulkhead stiffeners shall not be drilled or punched for
attachments of gratings, platforms, foundations, fittings and hangers.
5.8.8 Sharp or ragged edges of exposed structure, where likely to injure personnel or equipment, shall be
removed. Corners in passageways shall be rounded to present a finished appearance.
5.8.9 Where portions of bulkheads, decks, or other hull structures are left incomplete during the process of
work, temporary fastenings or supports shall be fitted as necessary to prevent damage to the rest of
the structure. Structure which will be inaccessible after erection shall be fully preserved.
5.8.10 The designer shall define all dimensional tolerances in conjunction with the selected builder.
5.8.11 The designer shall set requirements for the quality and traceability of all materials and components
used during the fabrication process. These requirements shall be subject to approval by the DAR.
5.9 Welding
5.9.1 Welding of RAN submarines shall be in accordance with DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 3 Part 05.
5.9.2 All welds for primary structure including frame fabrication and shell connections shall be full
penetration welds. Partial penetration joints shall not be used in any structure designed to withstand
DDD pressure.
5.9.3 For design of welded joints, reference shall be made to the appropriate design or equipment
Standards.
5.9.4 The weld classification, positioning qualification procedures and NDE requirements are at the
discretion of the designer but they shall consider the technical capability of the selected builder and
minimise the need for additional infrastructure.
5.9.5 Wherever possible the welds shall be placed in areas of low stress to allow the use of lower strength
consumables and minimise weld preparation requirements while meeting the other criteria for the
submarine structure materials. Where this is not possible the welds shall have similar performance
or better than the base material.
5.9.6 All welding and related processes shall be subject to approval by the DAR.
5.9.7 During fabrication a summary of the weld repairs undertaken shall be provided to the CoA on a
regular basis at intervals to be agreed.
5.9.8 Fabrication contractors and subcontractors shall be accredited iaw DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 3 Part 05
requirements.
5.10 Non Destructive Examination

5.10.1 NDE shall be in accordance with standards approved by the DAR to provide assurance that no
surface or subsurface defects exist in any plane ie transverse or longitudinal
5.10.2 An NDE plan detailing the scope of examination to be undertaken on welds shall be developed by
the designer and endorsed by the DAR.
5.10.3 The NDE contractor shall be independent of the fabricator.
5.10.4 Proposed NDE procedures shall be submitted to the DAR for endorsement.
5.10.5 NDE personnel shall be subject to proficiency testing prior to starting and periodically when engaged.
Results shall be available for audit by the TRA.
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5.11 Maintainability
5.11.1 Access is to be provided for structural maintainability.
5.11.2 The maintenance policy shall aim for maximising the number of sea days while minimising the
through life cost.
5.11.3 Areas with a high likelihood of corrosion shall be designed to enable inspections to be conducted
with minimal equipment removal.
5.11.4 Corrosion/metal loss allowances (general and localised) shall be provided for each component of the
primary and secondary structure.
5.11.5 Minor structure (brackets etc) attached to the outside of the pressure hull shall be attached using
doubler plates to minimise the requirements for removal and reattachment of the structure to the hull
through life.
5.11.6 When designing the layout of anechoic tiles consideration shall be given to the necessity to remove
tiles in some areas to provide access for external NDE of areas with difficult access and a high
likelihood of internal corrosion or fatigue induced cracking.
5.12 Signature
5.12.1 The geometric shape of the exposed surface of the hull above water shall be designed to reduce
signatures to a level consistent with the requirements in the OCD.
5.12.2 The geometric shape of the hull shall be designed to reduce both the self radiated noise signature
and reflective sonar signatures to a level consistent with the requirements in the OCD.
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6 DESIGN AND PRODUCT CONSTRAINTS
6.1 Specific Design/Engineering Constraints

6.1.1 There are no specific design/engineering constraints.
6.2 Navy Practice Constraints

6.2.1 There are no Navy Practice constraints.
6.3 Navy Personnel Constraints

6.3.1 There are no Navy Personnel constraints.
6.4 Navy Logistic Constraints

6.4.1 There are no Navy Logistic constraints.
6.5 Australian Industry Constraints

6.5.1 There are no Australian Industry constraints.
6.6 Legislative Constraints

6.6.1 There are no Legislative constraints.
6.7 Interoperability Constraints

6.7.1 There are no interoperability constraints.
6.8 Commonality Constraints

6.8.1 There are no commonality constraints.
6.9 Regulatory Constraints

6.9.1 There are no regulatory constraints.
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7 DELIVERABLES (DIDs)
7.1 General
7.1.1 A statement by the DAR confirming compliance of the design with agreed requirements and rules
shall be provided.
7.1.2 All deliverables are to be presented as hard copy and as computer files (format agreed between the
contractor and TRA) on CD.
7.1.3 CoA ownership and/or access to IP and CoA access to designer support services throughout the life
of the Class shall be subject to TRA agreement.
7.2 Tender Deliverables

7.2.1 Structural Report:
7.2.1.1 A structural calculation report demonstrating that the submarine has been designed to a
consistent set of recognised naval material standards as appropriate and acceptable to the TRA
shall be provided. The report shall provide details of theoretical approach and methodology
employed.
7.2.1.2 Calculations and analyses in English are to employ proven methods. For each main area of
analysis, the report shall also include a discussion of calculation and analysis methods used,
evidence of their accuracy and a discussion of assumptions made.
7.2.1.3 The report shall cover as a minimum hull, decks, frames, bulkheads, towers and all other structure
subject to operational loadings. Strength calculation shall include all hatches and covers that are
subject to load.
7.2.1.4 The report shall provide calculations showing that the pressure hull strength and local scantlings
comply with the requirements of the design rules. The calculations shall provide a description of
the longitudinal weight distribution of adequate frame increment for the full length of the
submarine. The worst case loading conditions taking into account the full combination of loading
factors shall be applied to the structural elements.
7.2.1.5 In the case of an existing design, the calculation shall include the original design and highlight the
changes to the parent hull structure with the impact of the highlighted change.
7.2.1.6 Separate calculations shall be provided for masts and periscopes to demonstrate that the
structural design with regards to strength, stiffness and vibration avoidance of resonant
frequencies fully meets the design requirements.
7.2.1.7 Separate calculations shall be provided to demonstrate that frequencies of hull vibration are in
avoidance of the resonant frequencies of major sources like shaft and propeller.
7.2.1.8 A report on the performance of hull against underwater shock and a report on post damage
Residual Strength Assessment (RSA).
7.2.2 Design Data
7.2.2.1 The structural report shall be supported by the following set of DAR approved design data:
7.2.2.2 Source and data for environmental and military loading.
7.2.2.3 Calculations for fatigue, local strength and buckling of primary and secondary structure and
foundations for major equipment.
7.2.2.4 Finite Element model determine with a level of detail and accuracy acceptable to the DAR
7.2.2.5 Finite Element Analysis input and output data
7.2.2.6 Acceptable stress and deformation limits
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7.2.2.7 Material selection and supporting test results

7.2.2.8 Circularity measurement method and results
7.2.2.9 Design and manufacturing tolerances for primary and secondary structure.
7.2.2.10 Calculations supporting acceptability of loads applied during docking.
7.2.2.11 Weld plans (showing locations of welds)
7.2.2.12 Collision Safety Assessment covering survivability of the pressure hull and ballast tank structures
in the event of a collision. Should also cover the consequences of a exercise torpedo colliding
with the hull.
7.2.3 Drawings:
7.2.3.1 The following DAR approved structural drawings shall be provided:
7.2.3.1.1 General Arrangement;
7.2.3.1.2 Midship Section;
7.2.3.1.3 Profile and Decks;
7.2.3.1.4 Shell Expansion;
7.2.3.1.5 Watertight Bulkheads;
7.2.3.1.6 Deep and Ring Frames;
7.2.3.1.7 Longitudinal Section;
7.2.3.1.8 Pillars and Girders;
7.2.3.1.9 i). Fore end construction;
7.2.3.1.10 j). Aft end construction;
7.2.3.1.11 Machinery Seating;
7.2.3.1.12 Conning tower structure
7.2.3.1.13 Escape tower and rescue seat structures
7.2.3.1.14 Casing and Support Structure;
7.2.3.1.15 Fin and Mast Support Structure;
7.2.3.1.16 Rudders and supporting structure;
7.2.3.1.17 Propeller support structure;
7.2.3.1.18 Sonar Dome and Appendages;
7.2.3.1.19 Drawings as noted in the ILS Certification Matrix; and
7.2.3.1.20 Any other drawings required by the TRA.
7.2.3.2 The purpose of these drawings is to assist the evaluation of the principal characteristics of the
structural design. The drawings shall be approved by the DAR and will form one of the base
documents of the construction contract.
7.2.3.3 All drawings shall show full details of material thickness, welding detail etc. Cross-references and
revisions to relevant drawings shall be clear and concise.
7.2.3.4 All additions and changes to major structural elements such as frames and watertight bulkheads
detailing all connection methods, structural pillars etc and impact on existing design structure shall
be highlighted.
7.2.3.5 A full 3d CAD model of the submarine iaw DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol 2 Part 28 Ship Electronic
Product Modelling.
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7.3 Pre Contract Deliverables

7.3.1 A design disclosure document on the structural design shall be provided to establish the credibility of
the designer to provide a quality design that complies with proven submarine structural standards
and methodologies.
7.3.2 This design disclosure shall provide the preliminary calculations of the proposed structure using
pressure and shock loads at DDD and CD. This shall include the design philosophy and application
of the safety factors proposed and their traceability to the standards and requirements.
7.3.3 The designer shall provide evidence where their design philosophy has been applied to similar
submarine design that has been accepted, and design validation data from trials.
7.4 During Contract Deliverables

7.4.1 In the detailed design/construction phase, further details of data, calculations and drawings capturing
all the up-to-date information of the capability shall be provided.
7.4.2 There shall be a gradual delivery of structural reports as they are completed.
7.5 Contract Deliverables

7.5.1 The final structural calculation report(s) together with complete set of approved as fitted structural
drawings shall be provided.
7.6 Manufacture
7.6.1 Where as built measurements show the design tolerances have been exceeded a re-assessment of
the relevant calculations shall be undertaken and submitted to the DAR.
7.6.2 For each submarine a report documenting the dimensional tolerances of the submarine structure
achieved during build and highlighting any deviations from design tolerances.
7.7 Test Regime

7.7.1 Tank tightness test
7.7.1.1 Prior to submergence tests, boundaries of tanks shall be tested with seawater.
7.7.1.2 Tightness tests are performed by applying water pressure equivalent to the specified design head
of the structure.
7.7.1.3 Tightness tests shall not be performed until structural work, including any structural attachments
which might affect the tightness of the structure, is complete. Permanent access fittings and
closures shall have been installed.
7.7.2 Vacuum test
7.7.2.1 A vacuum test of the whole submarine and of all compartments and bulkheads which may be
subjected to DDD or CD pressure shall be conducted to prove boundary integrity in way of
hatches and penetrations prior to any dived tests.
7.7.3 First of Class tests
7.7.3.1 A test plan shall be produced to conduct strain gauging of the hull of the First of Class during its
first dive to DDD. A report shall be produced comparing the results obtained with those predicted
and highlighting any significant variations.
7.7.3.2 A test plan shall be produced for monitoring accelerations and strains of the pressure hull during
First of Class Shock Trials.
7.8 Maintenance/Hull Survey

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7.8.1 To ensure maintenance of adequate through life strength, an ongoing Survey program shall be
undertaken iaw DEF(AUST) 5000 Vol9 Pt 02 Submarine Hull Survey.
7.8.2 Circularity measurements of pressure hull plating shall be taken, both at build and following structural
modifications, throughout those portions of the pressure hull and pressure hull appendages that are
intended to be circular.
7.8.3 The designed survey program shall be consistent with UUC requirements and shall detail acceptable
in-service and through life corrosion limits, survey of high stress welds and structure and metal loss
repair procedures.
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AUSTRALIAN DEFENCE FORCE

Commonwealth of Australia 2009

Audit Document Format Requirements

MRS Peer Review Group Assistant Director

Assign Document Maturity Level Pass Technidil Content

Date: ............ P%.?./.~.Y ......... DML 2 Date: .... .?-.9/.9.l!?.q................

Director Head Navy Engineering Division

Date: .. x.7... ............... Date:

DEF(AUST)5000 CHANGE PROPOSAL

The Above Discrepancy Materiel Safety Materiel Capability Other

ORIGINATING SOURCES CONTACT DETAILS

Signature Printed Name Rank/Designation E-mail Address Date

01 12 Oct 2009 Initial Issue All Graham Watson

1.1 Life Cycle

1.2 What is Covered

1.3 What is Not Covered

2.1 Applicable Documents

Australian Defence Documents

2.2 Referenced Documents

3 DEFINITIONS, ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Watertight: Structure that is watertight must withstand the designed head of

Airtight: Structure that is airtight must withstand an overpressure test of 15

MCD Minimum Collapse Depth

4.1 Significance to RAN

4.2 Consequences of Poor Performance or Hazard

5 FUNCTIONAL AND PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

5.2.5.3.6 Adequately support the hull fittings,

5.3 Pressure Hull Safety Factors

5.4 Overall Structure

5.5 Structural Elements

5.5.5.6 Transverse bulkheads shall be continuous through platforms.

5.6 Watertight and Oil Tight Structure

5.10 Non Destructive Examination

6 DESIGN AND PRODUCT CONSTRAINTS

6.1 Specific Design/Engineering Constraints

6.2 Navy Practice Constraints

6.3 Navy Personnel Constraints

6.4 Navy Logistic Constraints

6.5 Australian Industry Constraints

6.6 Legislative Constraints

6.7 Interoperability Constraints

6.8 Commonality Constraints

6.9 Regulatory Constraints

7.2 Tender Deliverables

7.2.2.7 Material selection and supporting test results

7.3 Pre Contract Deliverables

7.4 During Contract Deliverables

7.5 Contract Deliverables

7.7 Test Regime

7.8 Maintenance/Hull Survey

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