Pollution

Induction

Pollution such as air pollution,water pollution,Nutrient

pollution has diverse and far-reaching effects on the
Malaysia economy, impacting tourism, property values,
commercial fishing, recreational businesses and many
other sectors.

Haze / Air pollution

Haze been an ongoing problem in many countries in the Southeast
Asian region, and Malaysia is one of the worst affected. The main
cause of this haze is the slash & burn practice by farmers and peat
fires blown by the wind from Indonesia. especially Sumatra, which
mainly affects the Peninsular Malaysia and Kalimantan, which
mainly affects East Malaysia. A state of emergency was
announced once in 2005 at Port Klang as the Air Pollution Index
(API) went above the 500 level.[1] Malaysia is working with the
Indonesian authorities to help curb peat fires.[2] Malaysia and
Indonesia, together with other members of the ASEAN community,
signed the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution in
2002 as a result of a 1997 haze. However, Indonesia is the only
country that has not ratified the agreement. A repeat incident in
2005 and 2006 has forced Malaysia and Singapore to pressure
Indonesia to ratify it.

*Haze/Air pollution affect on economic

Singapore and Malaysia could face a bigger economic
impact than from their worst air pollution crisis 16 years
ago if slash-and-burn fires in Indonesia continue to rage in
the coming weeks, turning off tourists and raising business
costs.
Restaurants, tourist attractions and some other
businesses are already feeling the pain as haze
envelopes the Southeast Asian neighbors, from
Singapore's upscale shopping districts to Malaysia's
popular beach resorts.
The haze crisis in 1997 lasted about three months and
cost Southeast Asia an estimated $9 billion from
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disruptions to air travel, health expenses and other
business impacts. Economists and businesses say the
costs are already mounting about a week since air
pollution levels in the countries shot up to unhealthy and
sometimes hazardous levels.

Water Pollution & Nutrient pollution

Water pollution is a serious problem in Malaysia and impacts
negatively on the sustainability of water resources. It reduces
total water availability considerably as the cost of treating
polluted waters is too high and in some instances, polluted
waters are not treatable for consumption.
The sources of water pollution in Malaysia have been
identified as sewage treatment plants, manufacturing, agro-
based industries, animal farms , agricultural activities and
surface runoffs.
Rivers are easy conduits for disposal of domestic,
commercial, industrial and agricultural effluents. Agriculture
expansion and industrialisation have overstressed river
systems. Many river basins have reached their limits of water
supply and are now susceptible to water stress and droughts.
Rapid development has produced great amounts of human
wastes, wastes from man's activities, including agriculture,
industrial, commercial and transportation wastes. A large
number of rivers are polluted, some to the extent of being not
rehabilitable.

*Water Pollution affect on economic

Drinking water costs
Water & Nitrates pollution and algal blooms in drinking
water sources can drastically increase treatment costs.
Nitrate-removal systems in Minnesota caused supply costs
to rise from 5-10 cents per 1000 gallons to over $4 per
1000 gallons.
It can also cost billions of dollars to clean up polluted
water bodies. Every dollar spent on protecting sources of
drinking water saves in water treatment costs.
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Tourism losses
The tourism industry loses close to $1 billion each year,
mostly through losses in fishing and boating activities, as
a result of water bodies that have been affected by
nutrient pollution and harmful algal blooms.
Airborne nutrient pollution can also affect visibility at
popular outdoor destinations like national parks. This kind
of pollution can also damage buildings and other
structures, especially those made of marble and
limestone.

Commercial fishing and shellfish losses

Fishing and shellfish industries are hurt by harmful algal
blooms that kill fish and contaminate shell fish. Annual
losses to these industries from water/nutrient pollution are
estimated to be in the tens of millions of dollars.

Solution to limit pollution

To help limit and stop pollution as a country we must work together.
Each person must be responsible to keep their homes and surroundings
clean. Neighbours must care about how things look and smell. This will
help us live better and also help with our tourism industry in the
Bahamas.

1. To help limit Land Pollution

Teach the people about pollution and against littering
laws against littering and fines for people who break the rules.
organic waste can be dumped in places far from residential areas;
Recycling inorganic materials such as metals, glass and plastic, and also
paper,

Recycling is an important part of keeping our country clean and green.

In our yards, we must determine whether additional nutrients are needed before
fertilizers are applied, and look for alternatives where fertilizers might run off into
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surface waters. We have to preserve existing trees and plant new trees and shrubs
to help prevent soil erosion and promote infiltration of water into the soil. Around
our houses, we must keep litter, pet waste, leaves, and grass clippings out of
gutters and storm drains.

2. To help limit Air Pollution

Although individual people can help to combat air pollution in their own
immediate environment
the best control can be best achieved by legislation. Some commonly enforced
control measures include

the establishment of more smokeless zones;

control over the kinds of fuel used in cars, aeroplanes, power stations, etc.

3. To help limit Water Pollution

Keep our beaches and lakes clean; do not throw bottles, plastic bags and other
trash in the water.
Clean up after beach parties.
Protect sea and marine life with laws to prevent persons trying to destroy
them.