March 2009
Self Esteem - Its Role in Nursing Education & Practice
If you touch me soft and gentle, If you look at me and smile, If you listen to me talk sometimes before you talk, I will
Self-esteem is the individual’s evaluative
appraisal of self. In the broadest sense it
is more or less synonymous with such
concepts as self worth, self-respect and
personal acceptance. Abraham Maslow
distinguishes two types of esteem needs.
E s t eem derived from others and self
esteem. Esteem from others is primary,
apparently it is difficult for us to think well
of ourselves unless we are assured that
others think well of us. Externally-derived
esteem can be based on reputation,
admiration, status, fame, prestige or
social success - all characteristic of how
others think of us and react to us.
When we feel a sense of internal or self-
esteem we are confident and secure in
ourselves, we feel worthy and adequate.
Whenever we lack self-esteem we feel
inferior, discouraged and helpless in
dealing with life.
VOL. C No.
Saramma Samuel
grow, really grow.
t y p e of recognition have been seen to be
retarded and may even die. Recognition of
existence of another person is termed as
psychological stroking. Positive strokes are
good to receive; they create a sense of well
being in the giver as well as the receiver.
Th i s is the early phase when self-esteem
begins to take birth. Negative strokes have the
opposite effect, creating a negative feeling in
the receiver but not necessarily in the giver.
Since strokes are so essential to our well
being we will accept negative strokes rather
than have none at all.
Self Esteem and Learning Several thousand
y ears ago a social critic chronicled the sad
plight of our society and in particular the failure
of its educational system. He said, our
students have grown lazy and are disrespectful
of authority, they criticise others excessively
and are equally ill disposed towards their own
efforts.
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it in such a way that students
become the Masters – not the
prisoners of their knowledge and
develop the confidence to transform
it for the right purposes. Hence
teachers must foster confidence in
their students.
S el f-es t eem is not something
separate from performance but
rather integral to it. It is through
achievement that academic self-
confidence grows; increased
confidence in turn promotes
achievement by inspiring further
learning.
Educational institutions offer the
first major opportunity outside the
home for a child to test his abilities
and to gain admiration and respect.
Success reinforces the pursuit of
excellence and leads to an
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Development of Self Esteem Strokes
are the currency of recognition. In order
for infants to survive and grow physically
and mentally they need to be touched,
fondl ed and shown recognition. This
physical handling stimulates the release
of growth hormones from the adrenal
cortex of the brain. Infants who do not
receive this
T h e author is Vice Principal, R.V.S.
College of Nursing, Coimbatore.
Self Esteem - Its Implications in
Nursi ng Practice The expanded and
extended role of a nurse enables her to
function better in the hospital,
community, educational institutions,
industries, old age homes, hospices,
orphanages to name a few.
The community health nurse plays a
vital role in improving the self-esteem
needs of the community. She imparts
knowledge, helps in changing health
behaviours that are detrimental to health
and empowers the community members
to own responsibility for their own health.
Henc e not surprisingly - Institutions are little
more than jails. Education must be founded on
systematic interaction in how to think more
than what to think. Educational institutions
must foster a will to learn and relearn; in effect
they must develop a capacity for life long self-
renewal.
Students must be encouraged to believe in
them and in the validity of their own thought
process. The challenge therefore is clear. Not
only must schools accelerate the acquisition
of knowledge, but also they must do
great sensitivity and thus improves self-esteem
of the adolescent. In the hospital the new
environment brings in the fear of the unknown
in terms of loss of self-identity, which can
degrade one’s self-esteem.
A professional nurse can inculcate a feeling
of belongingness and worth thus building self-
esteem in her clients. In the maternity ward the
confident behaviour of the
obstetric nurse can aid a new mother handle
and experience her bundle of joy with pride,
develop confidence in new activities such as
breast-feeding and neonatal care thus
increasing sense of competency.
A success-oriented student
steadily gains confidence in his
abilities, whereas the student who
encounters failure is most likely to
blame it on insufficient efforts or on
others. Children who are
categorised as falling into the high
self-esteem group have the following
characteristics:
T h e y tend to be active, to be
successful socially and
academically and have high levels
of aspirations for leadership. They
are creative and able to express
opinions with little anxiety, and
show interest in public affairs. The
teachers’ willingness to trust
students will in turn motivate them
to perform better.
Conclusion Self esteem is not
static; it is affected by a number of
factors such as pregnancy, birth,
abortion, drugs, mental retardation,
neurol ogi c al deficits, mutilating
surgeries etc.
A nurse as a teacher aids to build
self-esteem of her students by
validating the efforts put in. Her
willingness to trust her students will
cause the students to believe in
their efforts and thus ignite the
desire to work hard and succeed.
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T h e school health nurse handles
delicate issues such as menarche, the
change in voice, body image changes
etc. with
enhancing the mother’s self esteem needs.
The dying client also has self-esteem needs;
the professional nurse recognises these and
provides privacy by involving the family
members who in turn fulfil his self-esteem
needs.
Let us make learning a delight for
our students and enable them to
believe in their ability to achieve
giving due credit for efforts taken to
complete a task and not just the
final scores received in an
examination.

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March 2009 VOL. C No. 3

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Cabbage Leaves vs Hot and Cold Compresses in the Treatment of Breast Engorgement
Smriti Arora , Manju Vatsa & Vatsla Dadhwal

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of cold cabbage leaves and alternate hot and cold compresses in decreasing breast engorgement
and pain in post-natal mothers admitted in AIIMS, New Delhi.

Introduction
Engorgement is the physiologic condition
characterised by the painful swelling of the breasts
as s oc iated with the sudden increase in milk
volume, lymphatic and vascular congestion, and
interstitial oedema during the first two weeks
following birth.
It is caused by insufficient breastfeeding and/or
blocked milk ducts. Breast pain that interferes with
successful breastfeeding leads to abandonment of
e x c l u s i ve breastfeeding (Woolridge, 2006).
Numerous strategies have been adopted over the
years in the treatment of breast engorgement.
These include kangaroo care, fluid limitation,
binding the breasts or wearing a tight bra, hot and
cold compresses, application of cabbage leaves
etc. Very few researches have been conducted to
monitor the effect of cabbage leaves on breast
engorgement, even these have come up with
inconclusive and conflicting results.
A study on the effectiveness of cabbage leaves can
contribute to providing evidence for introducing the
intervention in clinical practice
a n d thus the present study was
conducted. The objective of this
study was to assess and compare
the effectiveness of cold cabbage
leaves and hot and cold
compresses in the treatment of
breast engorgement.
Material and Methods
This was a quasi experimental
study, using time series, non-
equivalent control group design
with multiple institutions of
treatment, done in post-natal ward
in AIIMS, New Delhi on 60 subjects
during May to December 2006.
Inclusion criteria
Post-natal mothers with breast
engorgement
Willing of the subjects to
participate in study
Exclusion criteria
Identification data and obstetric characteristics of
each subject were recorded in validated subject data
sheet. The study was conducted in two phases. In
the first phase, first 30 mothers in control group were
given alternate hot and cold compresses. The
temperature of water for hot compress ranged
between 43-460C, and for cold compress it ranged
between 10-180C as assessed by lotion
thermometer.
O n completion of first phase, next 30 mothers in
experimental group were given cold cabbage leaves
treatment for relieving breast engorgement. Cabbage
leaves were refrigerated for approximately 20-30
minutes prior to the procedure in the freezer
compartment of the refrigerator. Cold cabbage leaves
were kept inside mother’s bra for 30 minutes.
Both the treatments were performed three times a
day for two subsequent days. The intervention was
done six times on each subject. The duration of each
intervention was 30 minutes. Pre-treatment and post-
treatment scores of breast engorgement and pain
were recorded after each treatment session.
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 Mothers with allergy to sulfa
drugs and cabbage Breast engorgement was measured using six point
The authors are : MSc Nursing student, College of
Mothers with soft breasts; breast engorgement scale and pain score was
Nursing, AIIMS; Principal, College of Nursing,
mothers receiving lactation assessed using numeric rating pain scale. The data
AIIMS; and Associate Professor, Department of
suppressants obtained was entered into MS Excel sheet. The
Gynecology and Obstetrics, AIIMS, respectively.
Mothers with infected breasts, statistical software STRATA was used for analysis.
breast abscess, mastitis, broken
skin of breasts, bleeding or
cracked nipples After enrolling the
subjects based on inclusion and
exclusion criteria, information
sheet was given to them and
consent obtained.

b o t h were equally effective in decreasing breast

Pre-treatment Mean (SE) N=30 Post-treatment Mean (SE) N=30 P-value
engorgement (p=0.07) as shown in Table 2. Hot and
cold compresses were found to be more effective
Control group
than cold cabbage leaves in relieving pain due to
Breast engorgement score 5.03 (0.7) 2.97 (0.2) <0.001*** breast engorgement (p £ 0.001) in post-natal mothers
as shown in Fig. 2.
Pain Score 6.1 (1.5) 0.51 (0.4) <0.001***
Experimental group Discussion
Breast engorgement score 5.17 (0.7) 3.02 (0.2) <0.001* This study is supported by the findings of Snowden
et al (2001) who did a review of research studies to
Pain score 6.4 (1.2) 3.45 (0.4) <0.001* determine the effects of several interventions to
* p value significant at 0.001 level. relieve symptoms of breast engorgement among
breastfeeding women and found that cabbage leaves
Table 1: Comparison of pre-treatment & post-treatment scores for breast were effective in the treatment of engorgement.
engorgement and pain in groups Roberts et al also compared the effectiveness of
cabbage leaf extract with that of a placebo in treating
Results The two groups were homogeneous with u s e d to compare correlated breast engorgement in lactating women and
regard to all demographic and obstetric variables as responses for post-treatment concluded that both the groups received equal relief
analysed by chi square and Fisher’s exact test s c o r e s for both the outcome in discomfort and decreasing breast tissue hardness.
except for breastfeeding for which adjusted analysis variables between the groups and The present study also supports the findings of Hill &
using GEE (generalised estimating equations) was to compare pre-treatment and post- Humenick (1994)
done. There was no difference between the groups treatment scores within the groups.
with regard to pre-treatment scores of breast Both the treatments i.e. hot and
engorgement and pain as analysed by student ‘t’ cold compress and cabbage leaves
test (Fig. 1). GEE was were effective in decreasing breast
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 engorgement and pain in post-natal
mothers (p £ 0.001) as shown in
Table 1. Cold cabbage leaves and
hot and cold compress

Table 2 : Comparison of post-treatment breast engorgement scores in postnatal mothers in control and experimental groups

No. of Control group Mean (SE) Experimental group Mean (SE)

Mean Difference 95% C.I. p-value
applications N=30 N=30

1 5.14 (0.205) 4.22 (0.160) 0.18 30-0.48 0.288

2 3.48 (0.185) 4.06 (0.158) 0.22 0.13-.56 0.225

3 3.51 (0.189) 3..92 (0.155) 0.42 0.05-0.2 0.026*

4 3.743 (0.205) 4.26 (0.171) 0.52 11-0.91 0.012**

5 3.18 (0.178) 3.23 (0.176) 0.1 0.22-0.33 0.73

6 2.97 (0.171) 3.03 (0.130) 0.1 0.17-0.27 0.6

*p value significant at 0.05 level
**p value significant at 0.01 level

who reported that type of delivery and parity are not
critical variables in predicting engorgement.
Conclusion
Cold cabbage leaves as well as alternate hot and
cold compresses both can be used in the treatment
of breast engorgement. Hot and cold compresses
are more effective in decreasing pain as compared
to cold cabbage leaves in relieving pain due to
breast engorgement.
Acknowledgement
I thank my guide Dr. Manju Vatsa and the co-guide
Dr. Vatsla Dadhwal for their guidance throughout the
study.
I am grateful to the mothers who
participanted in this study and
nurses of post-natal ward of AIIMS
who helped me during the course
of study. I thank the statistical
department for statistical analysis
and the ethical review board for
giving ethical clearance.
References
1. Woolridge M. Aetiology of sore
n i p p l e s . Midwifery. 1986;2:172
–176. Available
h t t p : / / w w w . n c b i . nlm.nih.gov.
Accessed January 23, 2006
cessed December 11, 2005
3. Snowden HM, Renfrew MJ, Woolridge MW.
Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001;(2): CD000046.
Review. Available from: http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov.
Accessed January 2, 2006
4. Roberts KL, Reiter M, Schuster D. Effects of
cabbage leaf extract on breast engorgement. J Hum
Lact. 1998; 14:231-6. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Accessed January 2,
from: 2006

2. Hill PD, Humenick SS. The

occurrence of breast engorgement.
J Hum Lact 1994; 10:79-86.
Available from:
http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov
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UNCLAIMED NURSING JOURNALS OF INDIA
We have been informed that a large number of copies of the NJI are accumulating in the Nursing Offices and Nurses’ Hostels of many institutions.
We request the Chief Nursing Officers, Nursing Superintendents, Principals, Tutors and other members to kindly return the unclaimed copies of
the NJI to us, if the addresses of the members who left the institutions are not known.We shall be grateful if you would give us the details like
TNAI numbers, names and present addresses, if available, of those recipients of the NJI who have left your institution. This will help us to update
our list.
Chief Editor

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Donation:Rs.10,000 /- Ms Durga J Mehta, Former President, TNAI;

Central Institute of Nursing & Research: Rs.5,000: TNAI Orissa State branch;

DONATION- CENTENARY CELEBRATION:

Rs.10,000/-: Omayal Achi College of Nursing, King Cross Road, Avadi, Chennai.

ELDERLY CARE HOME FUND: Rs.505/-: Ms B Mariammal, Retd Tutor, Madhya Pradesh.

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Brain Death and Organ Donation

Anitha Ravi

Every day, significant number of people die due to failure of one organ in the body or the other. One of the life saving measure for
these kind of patients is organ transplantation. The success of human organ transplant is steadily being improved. The increase in
mortality and morbidity rate is basically attributable to unavailability of suitable organs in time.

Receiving a human organ from a healthy, living donor is not always possible, and exposes a healthy person to risk. So, receiving
healthy organs from a dead person will be ideal, as the donor is already dead and many organs can be removed from one donor.
Still there is a lot of confusion in understanding the concept of brain death with beating heart. This concept is not widely
understood yet.

Traditionally we accept death as stoppage of functioning of heart. However, studies over the years have shown that death occurs
with irreversible changes in brain, although the heart may continue to beat for sometime beyond that. The heart has its own pace
maker independent of brain, as long as it has oxygen it continues to beat. So the brain can be dead yet the heart may continue to
beat.

Once the brain is dead, the patient is already dead. Since the patient is already dead, the health professionals cannot kill him
again by removing the respiratory support. The respiratory support gives only the appearance of live person at a high cost. Medico-
legally, the patient is pronounced as dead on the basis of brain death with the heart still beating.
Determining death of a client is difficult with all tubings and respiratory support.

Death is indicated by :
- No pupil response to light
- No unassisted breathing.
- No response to stimuli.

Organ

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March 2009 VOL. C No. 3

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Announcement

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XXIII SNA Biennial Conference - 2009

Theme : “Quality Nursing Education: Right of every student”

Sub-themes (i) Bridging the gaps in Nursing education and practice.

(ii) Competency-based Nursing education.
(iii) Effective clinical learning environment.

Guidelines for Scientific Paper Presentation : The Scientific Paper to be presented in the Conference should be on any one of the
Conference Sub-Themes, and include:
Introduction; Objectives; Review of Literature; Brief description of methods and procedures; Findings and interpretation;
Conclusion and recommendation; Bibliography

NOTE: Two copies of the typed Scientific Paper containing not more than 1500 words (4-5 pages in A4 size) should be submitted to
the State SNA Advisor by 15 May 2009. Best three Scientific Papers, one from each sub-theme, selected at the State Level are to be
forwarded by the State SNA Advisor to the TNAI Headquarters by 15 June 2009 for final evaluation at national level. The Best three
papers, one from each Sub-theme, selected by the TNAI Headquarters will be intimated to the concerned person(s) for presentation at
National level SNA Conference - 2009.
SCIENTIFIC PAPER PRESENTATION FORM

Topic for the Scientific Session:________________________________________________________

Mode of Presentation:__________________________________________________________________

Audio-Visual Aids required: Overhead Projector:_________________ LCD Projector:____________

Names of the Student Researcher(s) (in CAPITAL LETTERS):______________________________

Course & Year of Study:_______________________________________________________________

SNA Unit Address & State:_____________________________________________________________

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Last SNA Unit Subscription Paid on: TNAI Receipt No.___________________Date:____________

Entry Fee: Rs.100 (Individual Entry)______sent by M.O./Paid in cash_______(tick[ Ö ]as applicable)

Date:______________ Receipt No:_________________________

Sponsored Organisation (of the Research Study):_________________________________________

CERTIFICATE OF RECOMMENDATION
This is to certify that the above mentioned research is a bonafide work of the student(s) who is/are member(s) of the above SNA Unit
and have paid its subscription for the year 2009.
The Scientific Paper was contested at the State Level Competition and selected for presentation at the National Level. To the best of
my knowledge this paper will be presented first time at the National Level.

___________________ ____________________________
Student(s) Signature Seal & Signature of Principal SON/CON
Forwarded by:

___________________ ________________________________
Signature of Unit SNA Advisor (Seal and Signature of the State SNA Advisor)

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Topics for the Scientific Exhibition: Poster Presentation

S.No. Section Topic Suggested Mode of Presentation Award

1 Anatomy and Physiology
F i r s t Aid & Basic
2
Procedures
3 Medical & Surgical Nursing
4 Paediatric Nursing
5 Psychiatric Nursing
6 Community Nursing
7 Obstetrical Nursing
8 MCH Section
9 Midwifery
10 SNA Activities in India
History & Trends in Nursing in
11
India
Structure of Liver Poster Indira Dorabji Cup
Nursing M a n a g e m e n t of Foreign Poster Dufferin Cup-1
bodies in Ear/Nose/Throat
M anagem ent of Congestive Poster Ms. Edith Paul Shield
Cardiac Failure
Newborn resuscitation Poster Dufferin Cup-4
P s y c h i a t r i c facilities at Poster
Pramda Bajaj Shield
Community setting
Prevention of accidents in old Poster
General Chakravarty Cup
age
Emergency obstetric care Poster Dettol Shield (Ist Prize)
Mac Naughton Lamp
(2nd Prize)
Kangaroo care Poster Sr. Elizabeth Shield
Role of skilled birth attendant Poster Ms. H. Chabook Shield
- Poster Ms. Adranvala Shield
- Poster

Sections 1-7 are for GNM/B.Sc Nursing Students.

Sections 8-9 are for ANM students/MPHW(F) students.
Sections 10-11 are for all categories (ANM/GNM/B.Sc) of Nursing students.

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Poster Presentation
The participants exhibiting the posters during the SNA Biennial Conference in Kolkata, West Bengal (October 2009), may kindly note
the following points while preparing and displaying the posters:

Criteria for Poster Presentation

- Size: Standard size (22"x26") approx. for both individual and group poster presentations.
- Topics: Ideas depicted in the poster should be relevant to the topics given above.
- Lettering and design of the poster should be bold and big enough to be well visible from a distance.
- For bringing clarity of the poster, restrict yourself to one idea relevant to the topic.
- The layout of the picture must be properly balanced to give a correct sense of proportion.
- Extra fixing of clippings/cuttings or any other form on the poster should be avoided.
- The poster should depict originality and innovative ideas.

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 March 2009 VOL. C No. 3

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TNAI Scholarships - 2009

Th e Trained Nurses’ Association of India invites applications for awarding scholarships for higher studies for the year 2009.
Scholarships are available for the following courses. The members intending to pursue courses and who wish to avail TNAI
Scholarship should apply in advance as indicated. No application will be entertained after June 30, 2009. Incomplete
application forms will not be accepted.

FOR GENERAL NURSES

(a) Master of Nursing (b) Post-Basic B.Sc. (Nsg.) (c) Post Certificate Diploma course in Nursing Education and Administration, and
other specialty courses (d) Ph. D, M. Phil in Nsg. and Master of Nursing (one time grant of Rs. 5000/- is also available for
dissertation, provided the Research topic relates to Nursing) (e) Students pursuing Post-Basic B.Sc. Nsg. through Indira Gandhi
National Open University (IGNOU) can also apply if they have successfully completed the first year. First instalment of Rs. 3000/- on
completion of first year and s00econd instalment of Rs. 3000/- on successful completion of 2nd year will be paid.

FOR HEALTH VISITORS AND AUXILIARY NURSE MIDWIVES / MPHW(F)

1. General Nursing and Midwifery course.
2. Any short-term course of not less than three months duration.
The above mentioned courses/institution should be recognised by Indian Nursing Council.

Eligibility criteria
The candidates should have at least 3 years’ membership of the TNAI. Preference is given to life members.
All the three confidential reports will be received timely from the referees mentioned in their applications.
The application should be recommended by the President/Secretary of the State Branches.
Preference will be given to the candidate’s active participation in TNAI activities at National, State, District/Zonal and Unit levels.
The evidence of annual family income of the candidates (who wish to apply for scholarship) should be obtained from competent
authority and attached along with the filled-in application.
The Candidate should not be a recipient of any other scholarship or any financial help from any other source.
The candidate should not have been a recipient of TNAI scholarship for at least last 5 years.

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General Conditions
Requests for Application forms should be addressed to: The Secretary-General, The Trained Nurses’ Association of India, L-17
Florence Nightingale Lane, Green Park, New Delhi-110016, alongwith a self-addressed envelop of 24x10 cms bearing postage stamp
worth Rs. 5.
Application forms complete in all respects should be submitted through the State Branch President or Secretary alongwith a fee of
Rs. 100/- by demand draft drawn in favour of “The Trained Nurses’ Association of India”. Application forms without fee will not be
accepted. Advance information must be sent to this office about submitting your application form to the State Branch President or
Secretary.
Last date for receiving Application Forms is 15 June 2009. Application forms received after the above date should carry a late fee of
Rs. 150/- till 30 June 2009.
Information regarding the admission should reach TNAI Headquarters latest by 31 July 2009.
The selected candidates will be paid Rs. 9000/- per year; besides a sum of Rs. 2000/- (one time only) is also paid for purchase of
books etc.
Candidates selected for the Scholarship are required to sign an agreement to the effect that they will serve for atleast two years within
India. In case of default, the awardee will be required to refund the entire Scholarship amount with interest.

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SNA Scholarships - 2009

The Trained Nurses’ Association of India (TNAI) invites applications for award of SNA Scholarships for the year 2009. Scholarships are
available for Basic Nursing Training Programmes in each course of study as follows:

Multipurpose Health Work ers (Female) / Revised ANM Programme.

Diploma in General Nursing and Midwifery.

Degree Course in Basic B.Sc Nursing.

Selected candidates will be paid Rs.9,000/- per scholastic/academic year disbursed monthly i.e.Rs.750/- p.m. Besides, there is
provision of Rs.2,000/- for books, in the first year only.

Minimum Requirements
Successful completion of first three months of preliminary training period.

Application shall be recommended by the (1) Incharge/Principal, College or School of Nursing, and (2) President/Secretary/SNA
Advisor of the TNAI State Branch.
Incomplete application forms will not be accepted.

Other Conditions
The SNA unit sponsoring the candidate for the Scholarship should be an active Unit for at least three years, and should have
contributed to the Association in some way.

The applicant should not be receiving any financial support/benefits from any other source by way of stipend/fellowship/scholarship,
etc.

Certificate of annual income of the family/guardian of the candidate issued by the competent authority must be attached along with
the filled-in application form for scholarship.

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 The applicant should be a bonafide student of a School/College of Nursing, recognised by Indian Nursing Council.

I. Preference will be given to the candidate’s active participation in SNA activities at National/State/District/Zonal and Unit Levels.

II. On completion of the study, each awardee is obliged to become a Life Member of the Association. A sum of SNA to TNAI
Membership fee will be deducted while paying the Scholarship and the student will be enrolled as a Life Member of the TNAI. The
Head of the Institution would forward membership application of the candidate to the TNAI Headquarters soon after the successful
completion of the programme.

III. The candidates selected for the Scholarships are required to sign an agreement that they will serve the country for the period as
under:
(a) Multipurpose Health Worker (Female)/ANM for one year.
(b) GNM and B.Sc Nursing graduate for two years.

Failure to serve for the specified periods stated above shall render a candidate liable to refund the scholarship amount paid along with
interest thereon as decided by TNAI. The refund of scholarship shall be as follows:

Refund in full
If the above specified period is less than half, i.e. below six months in the case of MPHW (F) candidate, and below one year in the
case of GNM and B.Sc. Nursing Graduate.

Half refund
If the above specified period is six months or more in the case of MPHW (F), one year in case of GNM and B.Sc. Nursing Graduate.

Request for Application form should be addressed to the Dy. Secretary-General, Trained Nurses’ Association of India, L-17, Florence
Nightingale Lane, Green Park, New Delhi – 110016, alongwith a self-addressed stamped envelop (size 24x10 cm) bearing postage
stamp worth Rupees five (Rs.5/-).

Application complete in all respects should be submitted through State Branch President/Secretary/SNA Advisor together with a
Demand Draft of Rs.100/- as Application Fee. Applications without fee will not be entertained.

The last date for receipt Applications is 15 June 2009. Applications received after this date will be charged a late fee of Rs.150/- till
30 June 2009 after which no application will be considered.

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Guidelines for Material Being Submitted for Publication in The Nursing Journal of India

The Nursing Journal of India is a monthly publication, the official organ of The Trained Nurses’ Association of India. It contains a mix of
special articles of professional interest and other features on developments in the field of Nursing in general and reports of activities
from different Units and Branches of the Association in particular. According to the scheme of material approved by the Editorial
Advisory Board, each issue of the Journal would normally contain two special articles, one concise Research Report of an important
study conducted by an individual or a team, if available, plus regular features like ‘Nursing World’, ‘Students forum’, ‘Branch Affairs’,
‘Book Reviews’, ‘Readers View’, other items like poems of interest to Nurses, and Nomination Sheets, Ballot Papers and other forms,
Announcements and Circulars connected with the functioning of the Association.

Special Articles / Research Reports

1. Special Articles/ Research Reports have to be on subjects related to Nursing Practice, Management, Education, Research, etc.
2. Preference is given to articles based on patient care studies concentrating on Nursing components rather than medical aspects of
treatment.
3. Articles should be exclusively for publication in the Journal and concise, ideally running into 1200 to 1800 words with CD as well as
hard copy of the articles.
4. Only essential illustrations or one photograph with good contrast colour) may be sent by contributors in a camera-ready form, i.e.
neatly finished in black ink, to be sent for printing so that it is directly reproducible. Photographs in black and white are preferred
(printed on glossy paper). However, photographs in colour may be accepted, if they have good contrast of colours.
5. References of all works cited or consulted in preparation of the article should be complete, and in the format given below.
6. Research Articles should be sent within three years of the studies; it should mention the TNAI number, designation, address and
the year in which the study has been conducted.
Reference Sample
Books : Kakar DN (1980). Dais: The Traditional Birth Attendants in Rural India, 1st edn. New Delhi: New Asian Publishers, Ch 1-14;
pp 11-57
Articles : Kakar, DN (1982). ‘The Role of Midwife in North India with Special Reference to Cultural Factors’. The Nursing Journal of
India, LXII (1), pp 32-35

Reports
1. Reports from TNAI and SNA Units and Branches and other features should be very brief (50 to 100 words only) and typed in double
space on one side of the paper.
2. Efforts should be made to lay emphasis on reporting the new thoughts expressed by Nurses or dignitaries invited to functions and
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ceremonies and achievements of Nursing personnel or Student Nurses instead of giving mere lists of officials or office bearers who
presided over or attended these events.
3. Photographs of all these events are not expected to be the work of professionals. Care should be taken to send only those
photographs (in colour, only if not available in black and white) that show a good contrast and clear features and objects. Captions of
all photographs should be written on the back of the photograph clearly.
4. The emphasis again should be on creative work or achievements of Nurses or Nursing Students instead of mere dignitaries
inaugurating or participating in a particular event. The person sending a report should give her or his name, address and designation or
post held in the Unit or Branch.

Book Reviews
Reviewers of books (commissioned or not commissioned by the Editor) should deal with the subject content of a book reviewed from
an expert’s angle and not only list chapters or give recommendations that a particular book should be bought or acquired by students
or the likely readers.

Readers’ Views
Readers’ Views should be concise and concentrating on issues or problems rather than supporting or criticising individuals or certain
groups and should avoid any element of defamatory references. Material intended for publication should be sent as soon as the event
is over. The date of posting of the Journal is first or second day of the month of a particular issue.

Advertisements
Special care has to be taken by advertisers with regard to the deadline and date of posting. All advertisers are advised to check the
last dates of issue or submission of application forms, etc., being advertised, before sending the advertisements and ensure that the
advertisements appear well before such dates. For Admission Notices for Nursing Schools and Colleges, copy of the INC recognition
certificate for the specific academic year should be provided.

Advertisements for a particular issue are accepted till the first day of the month preceding the month of the issue of the Journal. For
example, if you like to get your advertisement published in the issue of August, the advertisement matter and the payment (to be
made in favour of the Nursing Journal of India, New Delhi), should reach TNAI Headquarters by July 1. Recruiting Agencies are
required to provide the authencity certificate.

Suitability
The Chief Editor is authorised to reject articles that are not found suitable for publication and to edit articles, reports or other features
in the interest of space and clarity.

All manuscripts should be send in duplicate to:

The Chief Editor, The Nursing Journal of India, L-17, Florence Nightingale Lane, Green Park,
New Delhi - 110 016. Fax: 26858304 Email: tnai@ndf.vsnl.net.in, tnai_2003@yahoo.com.

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Revised TNAI Membership Fee
As follow-up to the decision of TNAI Council, the Membership Fees shall be revised upwards from 1 April, 2009 as under:

S. No. Life Membership Fee

Existing Revised (w.e.f. 1-4-

2009)

1. Trianed Nurses Rs. 2500 Rs. 3000

2. Retired Nurses (provide Certificate) Rs. 1000 Rs. 1100

3. Religious Sisters drawing no salary (Please enclose Rs. 1000 Rs. 1000
certificate for no salary drawn from the employer)

4. HVL / ANM / MPHW

5. SNA to TNAI (for students) Rs. 1500 Rs. 2000

Students should apply immediately on passing the final
examination not later than one year to avail the concession
in life membership.

Life Membership Fee (Foreign) Trained Nurses $250 (USD) $275 (USD)
Add Postal Charges (subject to change) $20 (USD) $50 (USD)
[Airmail: 1 year; Surface Mail: 3 years] $20 (USD) $50 (USD)

Annual Membership Fee (with Nursing Journal of India)

Trained Nurses (India) Rs. 1000 Rs. 1100

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Trained Nurses (Foreign) $150 (USD) $165 (USD)

LHV / ANM / MPHW Rs. 500 Rs. 550

Journal for Student Nurses Rs. 500 Rs. 500

SNA Unit Subscription per student Rs. 100 Rs. 100

Nursing Journal of India for non-members

1. India (Inclusive of postage) Rs. 1000 Rs. 1100

2. Foreign (Inclusive of postage) $ 150 (USD) $ 165 (USD)

Revised Advertisement Rate for Nursing Journal of India (NJI) of TNAI with effect from April 2009 issue

Advertisement Size Existing Revised Existing Revised Existing Revised

Contract Contract Casual Casual Foreign Adv. Foreign
Rates (Rs.) Rates (Rs.) Rates (Rs.) Rates (Rs.) Rates in ($) Adv. ($)
USD USD

Front Cover Inside, Back 22,500 33,750 27,000 40,500 $ 1500 $ 2250
Cover Inside and Back
Cover (Single Colour)

Full Page 16,500 24,750 18,000 27,000 $ 1200 $ 1800

Half Page 9,000 13,500 12,000 18,000 $ 600 $ 900

Quarter Page 6,000 9,000 9,000 13,500 $ 300 $ 450

Job Work Existing Rs. 900/-per column Revised Rs. 1,350/-per

centimeter. Minimum charges column centimeter with a
Rs. 6,000 minimun of Rs. 9,000/-

Lost & Found Existing rates Rs. 6, 000/- Revised rates Rs. 1,000/-

Contractual rates applicable to a minimum of 6 insertions in twelve months.

Advertisement matter mentioning the size of advertisement, desired month of publication alongwith payment should reach TNAI
office latest by the first day of the previous month (e.g., for publication in January issue, the advertisement matter and payment
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etc., should reach us latest by December 1).
Outstation Cheques will not be accepted.
Telephone: 011-26966873, 26566665; Fax: 011-26858304; Email: tnai_2003@yahoo.com

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