BH USING HELMOLTZ GALVANOMETER

AIM: To determine the reduction factor of the Helmoltz tangent Galvanometer using
potentiometer.

APPARATUS: Helmoltz tangent galvanometer,battery,eliminator,Daniel cell,Rheostat, a

potentiometer.

PRINCIPLE: The currentflowing through a helmoltz galvanometer is directly proportional to the

tangent of the angle of the deflection .The currentis measured using a potentiometer,the
principle being that the p.d is directly proportional to the balancing length of measuring the
deflection for known current reduction factor is calculated using the formula,

K=I/tan A

I =1.08/R *l2/l1 A

Where, k=reduction factor

R=standard resistance

I=current

=deflection in HTG

L1 is balancing length in Daniel cell

L2 is balancing length for p.d across resistance

FORMULA:

BH=80nk/55r T

Where , 0 =permittivity of free space

N=number of turns in the coil

K=reduction factor

r=radius of HTG coil

PROCEDURE: The circuit connections are made as shown in fig. The balancing lenth is
determined for the Daniel cell when the galvanometer shows 0 deflection without alternating
the primary current.The secondary circuit is made as shown in fig1.
PRELIMINARY ADJUSTMENTSOF HTG:

I. The base of HTG is made perfectly horizontal and hence the plane of the coil vertically
by adjusting the living screw by using spirit levels.
II. The plane of the coil is kept parallel to the magnetic meridian.
III. The compass box done is gently turned till the ends of the admission pointer reads zero.

Keeping the R=1,the rheostat in the secondary circuit is adjusted to get a

deflection of about 30 in the HTG the delection 1 and2 in HTG at two ends of the alluminium
pointer is noted the balancing length l1 is measured. Current is reversed using the commutator
and deflection 3 and4 are noted,the balancing length is again determined.The mean value of
deflection is calculated.The Reduction factor k is calculated by using the formula

BH=80nk/55r T

Where , 0 =permittivity of free space

N=number of turns in the coil

K=reduction factor

r=radius of HTG coil

OBSERVATION:

1. Length of the potentiometer which balances the emf of the Daniel cell , L=
m
2. The value of standard resistance R=
3. The radius of HTG r=c/2=
4. The number of turns of the coil ,n=

TABULAR COLUMN:

T NO Balancing Deflection in Tg mean tan K=1.08*l/4Rtan

length
Result:

The reduction factor of HTG k is A

The BH of HTG is T