17/11/2016 JapaneseParticleTable

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JapaneseGrammar

JapaneseParticleTable

11.04.2016 byWasabiAdmin

InJapanese,beingabletouseparticlescorrectlyhasasignificantimportanceondeterminingwhetherasentencemakessenseor
not.Wehavemadeatableshowingallofthefunctions.

JapaneseParticle

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17/11/2016 JapaneseParticleTable

Particle Function Example Note

1.
Lit.Tomorrowisrain.
1.Topic
2.Contrast

2.

Lit.Japanisnotrain.
*Impliesitrainssomewhere.

1.
ItsnotrainintheUS,too.
1.Inclusion
2.Surprising
2.
Itrained(surprisingly)for10hours.

1.
Rainiscold.

2.
RainistheonethatIdislike.
1.SubjectofPredicate
2.ObjectofEmotion 3.
3.ObjectofPotential [I]canspeakJapanese.
4.NewInformation

5.Identifier
4.
Thebuswillcome.
*Saidwhenyouvefoundabusisabouttocome.

5.
Whowilltake?

1.
[Iwill]eatcake.

2.
1.DirectObject
[Iwill]leavemyhouse. 2.vs1.
2.LocationtoLeave
3.LocationtoPass

3. 3.vs1.
4.DirectionofAction
[Iwill]crossthebridge.

4.
[Iwill]turnright.

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17/11/2016 JapaneseParticleTable

Particle Function Example Note

1.
[I]aminmyhouse.

2.
[Iwill]headthenorth.

3.
1.LocationofExisitence [Iwill]gotoschool.
2.DirectionofMotion
3.Destination 3.vs1.
4.
4.Target(IndirectObject)
5.Source
[Iwill]meetmyteacher.
5.vs2.
6.SpecificTime

7.NotionofPer 5.
[I]receivedthebookfrommybrother.

6.
[Iwill]getupat6oclock.

7.
Ifailonceinthreetimes.

1.
[Iwill]headthesouth.

1.DirectionofMotion
1.=2.
2.Destination

2. 2.=3.
[Iwill]gototheUS.

1.
[Iwill]getmarriedtomygirlfriend.
1.PartnerofInteraction
2.ObjectofSimilarity/Difference
2.
[I]resemblemyfather.

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17/11/2016 JapaneseParticleTable

Particle Function Example Note

1.
[Iwill]sleepinmyhouse.

2.
[Iwill]makeachairby[using]wood.

3.
1.LocationofAction [Iwill]gobytaxi.
2.Material
3.Means

4.
4.Reason(Causation)
5.Range(PeriodofTime)
[I]amsleepyduetosickness. 2.vs3.

6.Amount

7.State 5.
[Iwill]domyhomeworkforanhour.

6.
[Iwill]workalone.

7.
[Iwill]walkwithbarefeet.

1.
[Iwill]departfromTokyo.

2. 1.vs2.
1.StartingPoint
[I]heard[it]frommymother.
2.Source
2.vs5.
3.RawMaterial

4.StateBeforeChange 3.
Iwillmakewinefromgrapes. 3.vs2.

4.
[Itwill]changefromredtoblue.

1.
1.EndingPoint
[Iwill]workuntilnight. 1.vs3.

Note
=meansthefunctionsareinterchangeable.
VSmeansthefunctionscanbereplaced(notalways).
EnglishtranslationsmaynotbenaturalintermsofEnglishgrammar.

RecommendedLinks

JapaneseVerbConjugationTable
WasabisOnlineJapaneseGrammarReference
CompleteRoadmap:HowtoSpeakJapanese

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