Parth P. Parekh Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.

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ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 7( Version 2), July 2014, pp.09-13

RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS

Experimental and Exergy Analysis of A Double Pipe Heat

Exchanger for Parallel Flow Arrangement
Parth P. Parekh*, Dr.Neeraj K. Chavda**
*M. E. Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering A.D.I.T., New V.V. Nagar, India
**Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, A.D.I.T., New V.V. Nagar, India

ABSTRACT
This paper presents For Experimental and Exergy Analysis of a Double Pipe Heat Exchanger for Parallel-
flow Arrangement. The Double pipe heat exchanger is one of the Different types of heat exchangers. double-
pipe exchanger because one fluid flows inside a pipe and the other fluid flows between that pipe and another
pipe that surrounds the first.In a parallel flow, both the hot and cold fluids enter the Heatexchanger at same end
andmove in same direction. The present work is taken up to carry experimental work and the exergy analysis
based on second law analysis of a Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger. In experimental set up hot water and cold water
will be used working fluids. The inlet Hot water will be varied from 40 0C and 50 0C and cold water temperature
will be varied from between 15 and 20 . It has been planned to find effects of the inlet condition of both
working fluid flowing through the heat exchanger on the heat transfer characteristics, entropy generation, and
Exergy loss. The Mathematical modelling of heat exchanger will based on the conservation equation of mass,
energy and based on second law of thermodynamics to find entropy generation and exergy losses.

I. INTRODUCTION
The Double pipe heat exchanger is one of the
Different types of heat exchangers. It is called
double-pipe exchanger because one fluid flows inside
a pipe and the other fluid flows between that pipe and
another pipe that surrounds the first. This is
concentric tube construction. Flow in a double
pipe heat exchanger can be co-current or counter-
current. There are two flow configurations: co-
current is when the flow of the two streams is in the
same direction. In this double pipe heat exchanger a
hot process fluid flowing through the inner pipe
transfer is heat to cooling water flowing in the outer
pipe. The system is in steady state until conditions
change, such as flow rate or inlet temperature. These fig 1 Experimental setup of Double Pipe Heat
changes in conditions cause the temperature Exchanger
distribution to change with time until a new steady
state is reached. II. LITERATURE REVIEW
When the design dicates a large number of 1)Naphon. P., in 2006 presented Second law
Hairpins in double-pipe heat exchanger designed for analysis on the heat transfer of the horizontal
a given service, it may not always be possible to concentric tube heat exchanger. In the present study,
connect both the annulus and the tubes in series for a the theoretical and experimental results of the second
pure counter flow arrangement.A large quantity of law analysis on the heat transfer and flow of a
fluid through the tube or annulus may result in high horizontal concentric tube heat exchanger are
pressure drops caused by high velocities which may presented. The experiments setup are designed and
excced available pressure drop. constructed for the measured data. Hot water and
In Such circumstances the mass flow may be cold water are used as working fluids. The test runs
separated into a number of parallel streams, and the are done at the hot and cold water mass flow rates
smaller mass flow rate side can be connected . ranging between 0.02 and 0.20 kg/s and between 0.02
and 0.20 kg/s, respectively. The inlet hot water and
inlet cold water temperatures are between 40 and
50 C, and between 15 and 20 C, respectively. The

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Parth P. Parekh Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 7( Version 2), July 2014, pp.09-13

effects of the inlet conditions of both working fluids Table 2 Observation table for Parallel flow (constant
flowing through the heat exchanger on the heat massflow rate of hot water and variable massflow
transfer characteristics, entropy generation, and rate of cold water)
exergy loss are discussed. The mathematical model Sr Cold water Hot water
based on the conservation equations of energy is N Mc T10 T2 T3 M T4 T5 T60c
0 0 0 0
developed and solved by the central finite difference o c c c h c c
method to obtain temperature distribution, entropy 1 2 38. 44. 49. 2 67. 60 60.7
generation, and exergy loss. 6 6 9 3 .2
2 1.5 38. 44. 50. 2 70. 62 62.1
2)Hepbasil A., in 2013 presented Low exergy 3 3 1 8 .9
modelling and performance analysis of greenhouses 3 2 38. 44. 49. 2 74. 65 64.1
coupled to closed earth-to-air heat exchangers 3 2 8 9 .3
(EAHEs) The present study deals with modelling, 4 2.5 38. 43. 48. 2 78. 66 64.4
analyzing and assessing the performance of 3 8 9 5 .8
greenhouse heating systems with earthpipeair heat 5 3.0 38. 42. 45. 2 68. 59 57.5
exchangers (EAHEs) in closed loop mode. In this 8 2 7 4 .2
regard, an EAHE system is considered as an
6 3.5 38. 42. 46. 2 73. 62 60.4
illustrative example. This system starts with the
9 7 2 7 .3
power plant, through the production of heat (EAHE),
7 4.0 36. 41. 44. 2 77. 62 60.7
via a distribution system, to the heating system and
8 8 3 1 .5
from there, via the greenhouse air, across the
8 4.5 36. 40. 43. 2 77. 63 58.9
greenhouse envelope to the outside environment.
5 7 6 5 .0
0
III. EXPERIMENT ON DOUBLE PIPE
HEAT EXCHANGER Where Mc=mass flow rate of cold water, T 10c=Inlet
The experiment on double pipe heat exchanger at Temp of cold water,
A.D.I.T. Heat and mass transfer lab. T2 0c=Middle Temp,
T3 0c=Outlet Temp of cold water, Mh=mass flow rate
3.1 Observations: of hotwater,
T4 0c= inlet Temp of hot water,
Table 1 Observation table for Parallel flow (constant T50c=Middle Temp of hot water,
massflow rate of cold water and variable massflow T60c=outlet Temp of hot water
rate of hot water)
Sr Cold water Hot water
IV. SAMPLE CALCULATION ON
N M T 10 T 2 T3 Mh T 4 T50 T60
o 0 0 0 DOUBLE PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER
c c c c c c c
1 2 37. 39. 42. 1 63. 53. 52. FOR PARALLEL FLOW
3 05 05 2 9 6 ARRANGEMENT
2 2 37. 41. 44. 1. 69. 59. 58. 4.1 For Parallel flow Arrangement:-
4 3 10 5 4 9 3 Hot Water Mass-flow rate at hot water in Kg/sec
3 2 37. 42. 48. 2 73. 63. 62. at 650.
5 8 7 7 8 6
4 2 37. 44. 51. 2. 78. 67. 66. mh
=
60
7 1 2 5 05 7 9
5 2 39. 46. 53. 3. 78. 69. 69.
0.0327Kg/sec
4 3 9 0 6 2 5
6 2 39. 47. 56. 3. 82. 73. 73. Heat transferred by Hot water to cold Water
4 05 8 5 6 1 6 Cph=4.178kJ/Kg.k
7 2 39. 48. 57. 4. 84. 74. 75. = (4 -6 )
6 00 8 0 0 6 5 =0.9027KJ/sec
8 2 38. 45. 52. 4. 70. 64. 65. Cold Water
9 00 05 5 9 2 7 Mass-flow rate at cold water at 400c
=m c
60
= 0.0165Kg/sec
Heat Gained by Cold water to Hot Water
= (3 -1 )
=0.7786 KJ/sec

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Parth P. Parekh Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 7( Version 2), July 2014, pp.09-13

Average Heat Transfer Coefficient =
+
Q= =0.0303 m/sec
2
Q =1.3333 KJ/sec Pr=4.89
Area A= do L Dc=Di-d0
= .1696 m2 Dc =0.014m
T4 T1 T6 T3 Re=

T =
T T1
ln 4 Re =704.7343
T6 T3
Re 2300
=18.31 0c
D/L=4.666710-3
Overall heat transfer co-efficient D
0.0677 Repr L 1.33
U o= Nu =3.657+ D
T 1+0.1pr Re 0.33
L
Uo= 0.2707 W/m2 0c Nu=4.6562
Nu=hcoldd/k
CC = mc Cpc hcold=212.9879 W/m2k
= 0.0.0689 Qc=hcoldA(65-45)
Ch= mh Cph hcold(practical)=0.2295 W/m2k
= 0.1368 [ Table 3 Result Table Case-I]
Ch > Cc
Considering case B in [Ref paper no 4 ]
S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
r
Cr = Cmin / Cmax
N
=0.5037
T 3 T 1
o
= T
60. 62. 64. 64. 57. 60 60 58.
T 4 T 1
= 0.3937 1 7 1 1 4 5 .4 .7 9
T
S!gen=(mcp)h ln 6 +(mcp)c ln 3 49. 50. 49. 48. 45. 46 44 43.
4 1 9 1 8 9 7 .2 .3 6
2
=0.0036 W/0c 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0. 0.0
Entropy Generation Number 327 327 32 32 328 03 03 326
S!gen
Ns= 6 6 27 26
C min
=0.0522 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0. 0.0
Exergy Loss 165 248 33 41 496 05 06 744
I!=T0S!gen 3 79 15
= 0.1426 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.9 1.4 1. 2. 2.5
Reynold Number For Hot Water at 650c 027 899 74 24 937 81 23 388

V= 2 6 9 85

0.7 1.1 1.5 1.8 1.4 1. 1. 2.2
= D2 786 703 84 28 285 76 92 049
4
=1.76710-4m2 8 2 42 53
V=0.1887 m/sec (
0.2 ) 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0. 0. 0.4

Re= 666 508 47 53 403 42 43 989

1 7 9 6 9 99
=6394.7126
Pr=2.77 at 650c (
161 ) 161 16 16 154 16 16 168
f=(3.64log Re-3.28)-2 8.1 8.1 84. 84. 3.7 18 84 4.8
f=0.008945 497 497 90 90 251 .1 .8 712
(f/2)(Re1000 )pr 24 24 49 71
Nu == 0.5
2 7 2
1+12.7 ((pr)3 1)
2
0.2
( ) 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0. 0. 0.4
Nu =36.6042
295 45 73 31 211 41 37 333
Nu=hd/k 8 2 61 84
Hhot= Nuk/d
212
( ) 284 33 38 376 41 63 824
Hhot(Thero)=1618.1497W/m2k
.98 .57 1.1 0.5 .39 8. 4. .11
QH= HhotA(65-45)
79 08 78 53 4 30 43 56
Hhot(Practical)=0.2661 W/m2k
3 1 46 67
Reynold Number For Cold Water at 450c
0(
0.2) 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0. 0. 0.5
Ac=/4 (Di2-do2)
707 376 8 26 452 45 46 365
Ac=5.497810-4 m2
8 97 18

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Parth P. Parekh Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 7( Version 2), July 2014, pp.09-13

0(
163) 202 22 24 243 26 33 383 .64 2. 5906 3.6 .45 2.9 2.1 6.5
.50 .63 6.7 8.8 .11 2. 6. .90 17 71 83 61 77 74 31
88 92 11 05 2 37 97 52 42 6 3 8 9
1 7 2 15 0.4 0. 0.30 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4
0.5 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0. 0. 0.4 093 34 66 34 699 02 09 10
113 809 95 50 682 38 40 537 69 6 8 9 9
1 7 22 69 0.0 0. 0.01 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0. 0. 04 00 38 15 181 22 23 16
036 087 14 15 109 01 01 017 49 9 9 7
9 1 44 5 7 0.0 0. 0.10 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0. 0. 0.1 584 04 09 15 312 66 67 21
522 839 09 10 737 10 10 297 77 4 2 3 2
2 6 53 99 ! 0.1 0. 0.54 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.6
!
0.1 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.3 0. 0. 0.7 584 19 65 29 168 06 10 61
426 445 9 97 999 57 59 009 4 6 8 8 3
9 02 4
[Table 4 Result Table for Parallel Flow(case-II).]
S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
r
N
o
T 52. 58 62.6 66. 69. 73. 75. 65.
1 6 .3 9 5 6 5 7

T 42. 44 48.7 51. 53. 56. 57. 52.

2 05 .1 2 9 8 8 05
0.0 0. 0.03 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
164 02 27 40 487 56 64 73
46 7 9 8 5
0.0 0. 0.03 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
331 03 31 33 33 33 32 33
31 9 Fig 2
0.7 1. 1.51 1.9 1.8 2.1 2.3 1.5
263 14 81 587 46 10 98 Fig 2 shows that Effectiveness of the case1 is
08 2 6 6 higher to the effectiveness of the case-2.Fig 2
0.6 0. 1.54 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 1.8 indicate the Effectiveness vs No of Reading.
563 92 74 60 006 97 01 12
57 4 9 7 2
(
0.2 ) 0. 0.35 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3
855 33 8 48 653 21 54 14
63 1 8 1 2
(
676 ) 21 1618 20 251 28 32 33
.59 31 .149 66. 2.8 77. 98. 55.
3 .3 7 84 589 53 47 90
77 33 57 93
3
0.2
( ) 0. 0.36 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5
579 27 49 38 932 71 91 34
29 8 3 7 3 Fig 3
296
( ) 17 296. 33 331 33 30 33
.44 3. 4418 1.1 .19 1.1 6.3 1.1 Fig 3 shows that Entropy generation of case2 is
18 46 78 2 92 58 78 higher to the Entropy generation of the case-1.Fig 3
59 3 9 3 indicate the Entropy generation vs No of Reading.
0(
0.2) 0. 0.38 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
385 27 79 24 443 79 88 66
81 5 3 7 8
0(
171) 14 208. 23 239 24 23 24

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Parth P. Parekh Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 7( Version 2), July 2014, pp.09-13

V. Conclusion
The Second Law analysis on the Heat Transfer
of Horizontal Double tube Heat exchanger are
presented.
The Outcome of the Double Pipe Heat
Exchanger for a parallel Arrangement.
As the const mc and varies mh Effectiveness is
higher to the const mh and varies mc
Fig 4 As the const mh and Varies mc Entropy
Generation is higher to const mc and varies mh.
Fig 4 shows that Entropy generation As the const mh and Varies mc Entropy
Number of case2 is higher to the Entropy generation Generation no is higher to const mc and varies
Number of the case-1.Fig 4 indicate the Entropy mh.
generation Number vs No of Reading. As the const mc and varies mh overall heat
Fig 5shows that Overall Heat Transfer Co- transfer coefficient practical is higher to the
efficient-Practicalof case1 is a Gradually Higher to const mh and Varies mc.
the Overall Heat Transfer Co-efficient-Practical of As the const mc and varies mh overall heat
the case-2.Fig 5 indicate the Overall Heat Transfer transfer coefficient theoretical is higher to the
Co-efficient Practical vs No of Reading. const mh and Varies mc.
As the const mh and Varies mc Exergy Loss is
Higher to the const mc and varies mh.

References
Fig 6
Fig 6 shows that Overall Heat Transfer Co-
efficient-Theoraticalof case1 is higher to the Overall
Heat Transfer Co-efficient Theoratical of the case-
2.Fig 6 indicate the Overall Heat Transfer Co-
efficient-Theoretical vs No of Reading.
Fig 7 shows that Exergy lossof case2 is higher to
the of the Exergy lossof case-1.Fig 7 indicate the
Exergy loss vs No of Reading.
[1] Khairul M.A; Heat transfer performance
and exergy analyses of a corrugated plate
heat exchanger using metal oxide nano
fluids. International Communications in
Heat and Mass Transfer.,2013.
[2] Hepbasil. A; Low exergy modelling and
performance analysis of greenhouses
coupled to closed earth-to-air heat
exchangers (EAHEs) ., Energy and
Buildings,2013, Volume 64, Pages 224-230.
[3] Qureshi .B .A and Zubair. S.M; Second-
law-based performance evaluation of
cooling towers and evaporative heat
exchangers, International Journal of
Thermal Sciences, 2007; Pages 188-198.
[4] Naphon. P.; Second law analysis on the
heat transfer of the horizontal concentric
tube heat exchanger. International
Communications in Heat and Mass
Transfer,2006; Pages 1029-1041.
[5] Akpinarn. K. E and Bicer; Investigation of
heat transfer and exergy loss in a concentric
double pipe exchanger equipped with swirl
generators, International Journal of Thermal
Sciences,2005, Pages 598-607.

Fig 7
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