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Heroes, Mythical Greek Myths and Stories - Free Comprehension Questions and Answers may not be included
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written permission of S. Kay Seifert. All rights reserved. First printing, 2014.
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An Achilles Heel him that both Scylla and Charybdis were to be feared, but that
he should steer his boat closer to Scylla than Charybdis. She
adapted from excerpts out of Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome by
E.M. Berens, The Golden Fleece and the Heroes Who Lived Before Achilles by Pad- knew six of his crew would die if he followed her advice, but the
raic Colum, and Aunt Charlottes Stories of Greek History by Charlotte M. Yonge whole ship would perish in if they sailed near Charybdis.
1. Who were Achilles parents? How did they meet? 2. How did Odysseus help his men?
Achilles parents were Peleus and Thetis. Peleus, a prince and Odysseus gave his crew a pep talk when they stopped rowing
Greek hero, saw Thetis, a goddess of the sea, and fell in love because they were afraid. The sea seemed to boil around them,
with her. After Zeus helped him find her, he held her hands as and the constant spray of water blinded them. He reminded
she became a bird, then a tree, then a leopard. Because Peleus them that theyd been in worse circumstances, but he didnt tell
had mastered her, she married him. them about the sea monster Scylla. He was afraid she would
terrify them, and no one on the ship would survive.
2. How did Thetis try and then make Achilles invincible?
Thetis tried to make Achilles invincible by using the last of her 3. What did Charybdis look like? How did it affect the crew?
immortal powers to protect him with a fire chant. When it was The waters of Charybdis shot into the air, as if they had been
interrupted, she took him to the River Styx, the sea between the belched up. Circe called it spouting water. A lot of this water
living and the dead, and dipped him in the water. This made fell on the ship. Then a large, black hole opened in the sea and
him completely invincible, except for where she held his heel was compared to the large throat of a monster. Water rushed
when she dipped him. into the hole, as if Charybdis was gulping the water. Circe said
that no ship could survive if it were caught in the water that
3. How did Thetis try to hide her son? Why did she do this? How Charybdis sucked down. If Odysseus ship had been near Cha-
did Odysseus find him? rybdis, it would have been pulled into the whirlpool. The men
Thetis knew that if Achilles fought in the Trojan War, he would looked on fearfully, and Odysseus was amazed by it.
die. So she dressed him as a maiden and hid him in the court of
4. What did Scylla look like? What was the worst sight Odysseus
the king of Skyros. Odysseus pretended to be a merchant and
showed his wares to the women in the court. Only one of them had ever seen?
looked at swords. Thats how Odysseus found Achilles. Scylla had six necks with hideous faces on each one and shark-
like teeth. The Charybdis whirlpool was fearsome as it pulled
4. How did Achilles die? water downward toward the seas floor, but the worst sight
Achilles led the Greek army to storm the gates of Troy. Paris of Odysseus had ever seen was his six men in the mouths of the
Troy, with Apollos help, shot an arrow into Achilles heel. The six-headed monster Scylla. They cried for Odysseus to help
poisoned arrow was fatal, and he died. them as the monster took them to her den to eat them.
Additional Resources at TeachersPayTeachers.com: Additional Resources at TeachersPayTeachers.com:
Buy reproducible reading sheets at the 2nd, Buy full curriculum and a reproducible reading sheet at 4SL-
3rd, and 4th grade reading levels, plus full Between Scylla and Charybdis.
curriculum: 4SL - An Achilles Heel Curriculum. Buy a game with these monsters in it in SL
Buy a game that includes achilles heel in Games - Monsters From Greek Myths or a game
it: SL Games: Idioms, Phrases, and Proverbs. that includes between Scylla and Charybdis:
Get all the resources in this download for SL Games: Idioms, Phrases, and Proverbs.
less in the Greek Myths and Stories Bundle! Get all the resources in this download for less
in the Greek Myths and Stories Bundle!
v v v
v v v
Comprehension Questions for
4. The king did not want either friend to suffer. What did he do? Hercules and Atlas
The word suffer refers to how each friend would feel at the loss adapted from A Wonder Book for Girls and Boys by Nathaniel Hawthorne
of a good friend. King Dionysius did not want to take this gift *Note: The Roman name Hercules is used instead of the Greek form.
away from Damon or Pythias so he did not execute Pythias. He
let them both live. 1. Who was Atlas? What did he offer Hercules?
The giant Atlas held up the sky for thousands of years. He of-
Additional Resources at TeachersPay- fered to get Hercules the needed three golden apples if Hercu-
Teachers.com: les would hold up the sky while he was gone.
Damon and Pythias
CURRICULUM
Buy a reproducible reading sheet at the
3rd grade reading level plus full curriculum 2. Why did Hercules hesitate to hold the sky on his shoulders?
for this story in 3SL - Damon and Pythias Why did he accept the task?
illustration from Golden Deeds Curriculum. Hercules was strong, but for the first time in his life he hesitat-
ed to accept the challenge because the task seemed too enor-
The Greek myth/story "Damon and Pythias" adapted by Kays Simple Literature
from Fifty Famous Stories Retold by James Baldwin Get all the resources in this download for
mous, even for him. He eventually did hold up the sky, though,
less in the Greek Myths and Stories Bundle!
for he thought that holding it up was a greater challenge than
v v v defeating a dragon with one hundred heads. Hercules was also
kind and wanted to let Atlas go for a walk, which Atlas hadnt
Comprehension Questions for been able to do for over a thousand years.
The Golden Touch 3. What worried Hercules while Atlas was gone? What was the
from A Wonder Book and Tanglewood Tales for Girls and Boys by Na- problem when Atlas returned?
thaniel Hawthorne Once Atlas was gone, Hercules wondered what he would do if
Atlas drowned in the sea or was defeated by the dragon with
1. At first, what did King Midas love most? one hundred heads. He didnt know if he could hold the sky
King Midas loved his daughter, but he loved gold more. This forever, for it became a heavier and heavier burden. When
can be seen through how he spent most of his time. He thought Atlas returned, he refused to take the sky back from Hercules
about gold, found ways to get gold, and counted gold coins. because he liked his freedom.
2. What did the king think would make him happy? 4. How did Hercules trick Atlas into taking back the sky?
The king thought that more gold would make him happy. He Hercules pretended to agree to hold the sky indefinitely. Then
also reasoned that he could show his love for his child by giving he asked Atlas to take it back for just a moment so he could put
her a large mound of gold when he died. Nothing else mattered. a lions skin on his shoulders. He told Atlas that he needed the
soft animal skin there because the sky chafed his skin. Atlas,
3. What kind of person was the king?
who was not a mean-hearted giant and who understood the
The king was a smart, but greedy, person. He recognized that
burden of holding the sky, agreed to take it back for five min-
the glowing person in his counting chamber was an immortal.
utes. Once Atlas took the sky, Hercules left.
When the immortal asked a question, King Midas didnt speak
quickly. He wanted his response to work to his advantage. Additional Resources at TeachersPayTeachers.com:
4. In the end, what was more important than gold? Buy a reproducible reading sheet for the 2nd,
When everything he touched turned to gold, the king realized 3rd, and 4th grade reading levels and full cur-
how important life was. He was no longer able to eat, which riculum in 4SL - Hercules and Atlas Curriculum.
meant that he would starve to death. He could not drink, so he Buy a game with carrying the weight of the
would die of dehydration. He also lost his daughter when she world on your shoulders and herculean task
turned to gold. The king realized that his and his daughters in SL Games: Idioms, Phrases, and Proverbs.
lives were most important.
Hercules and the Wagoner 3. (from verse 2) What did this poem say all people do? What did
by Aesop it say was better than those things?
*Note: The Roman name Hercules is used instead of the Greek form. The poem said that all people were curious about what was be-
yond their daily lives. That was why people seek and wander.
1. Why did the Wagoner want to get to town on time?
They liked to find out things by asking questions. From doing
The Wagoner wanted to get to town on time so he could get a
this, they gained knowledge. But no matter what someone
good place in the market to sell his wares. If he was late, other
found or learned, getting wisdom was better than finding
merchants would take the best selling spots.
knowledge. And above all things, finding love was best love
2. What happened to the wagon? Who did the Wagoner ask for of family, friends and others. Loving others and being loved by
help? others was greater than knowing and understanding things.
The wagon wheel on the Wagoners wagon sunk into a very 4. Why might people long for home in early Greece?
deep rut. His wagon would not go forward or backward. The Greece is a land with water on three sides of it. There are also
Wagoner asked Hercules for help. many islands off its coast, and people lived on these islands,
3. Who came when he was called? What did he tell the Wagoner? such as Lesbos, as they do today. Those who lived in Greece
Hercules, a Greek demigod ( half human, half god), appeared received some of their food from the ocean. They also sent out
before the Wagoner. Hercules asked the Wagoner what he had explorers to fish and find treasure. And they defended their
done to fix the problem. When the Wagoner said that he had land against those attacking from the sea. They also traveled to
done nothing, Hercules told him that he shouldnt ask for help places to explore and trade goods. Therefore, many would be
unless he had first done everything he knew how to do to fix the able to relate to the feelings found in this poem.
problem. Additional Resources at TeachersPay-
4. How was the Wagoners problem fixed?
One Hundred Lyrics
No. 39
Teachers.com:
Buy a reproducible reading sheet at the third
CURRICULUM
1. (from verses 1 and 3) Who was homesick? Where did he want 2. Why did Pandora open the lid? Tell how the escaping creatures
to go? looked and sounded.
A mariner was homesick. During this time period, a mariner Pandora remained curious about the box that was clasped shut
was another name for a sailor. This sailor wanted to see the with a knot. When the knot magically untwined, she knew she
island of Lesbos and the city of Mitylene, where he lived, per- would be blamed for looking inside. Since she would be blamed
haps with family. He was tired of his many adventures in other anyway, she thought she might as well open the lid and take a
lands. He longed for home. peek. When she did, out flew a swarm of little creatures that
sounded like a swarm of flies or mosquitoes. They had wings
2. (from verses 1 and 3) How did this sailor feel? like bats and long stingers on the end of their tails.
This sailor was tired of seeing all the new things in all the
foreign lands that he had been visiting. He said, Even the clear 3. What were the creatures in the box? Who were the first crea-
was the first to injure the animal. The queens brothers did not
The Sphinxs Riddle road. In its hurry to get away from Oedipus, the want a girl to get the prize. They were mean to her. Meleager
CURRICULUM
monster fell over a cliff and died. defended her. Soon he had to fight for his life to keep his uncles
Additional Resources at from killing him. In their fury, the uncles killed each other.
TeachersPayTeachers.com:
6. When Atalanta returned home, what filled her woods? What
Buy a reproducible reading sheet at the third
The Greek myth/story "The Sphinx's Riddle" by H.A. Guerber
is from The Story of the Greeks
2. What was the contest? What was at risk for each woman? Buy a reproducible reading sheet and full
Athena and Arachne had a weaving contest. The world would curriculum at the third grade reading level in
watch the two women weave, and Jupiter would decide which From Old Greek Stories by James Baldwin
3SL - The Wonderful Weaver Curriculum.
fabric was best. If Athena lost, she would never weave again. If
The Greek myth/story "The Wonderful Weaver" by James Baldwin
is from Old Greek Stories
1. Set the booklet sheet on a 5. Fold one short edge to the Stop at the first fold you
flat surface, such as a table. center fold. Match corners to come to.
folded corners. Slide a pen
2. Fold the sheet in half over the crease.
the long way, matching the
corners.
12. Push together so these
front-back pages form: cov-
9. Unfold. er-1, 2-3, 4-5, 6-7.
6. Fold the second short edge
to the center fold. Match
corners to folded corners.
Slide a pen over the crease.
Choice 2: If you leave them, using Choice 1: If you get the secret for how
strangers approach you.
Hermes sword, go to C on page 2. Make a choice. Check the box.
her turns to stone. One day two
from various myths and stories Choice 1: If you pay the nymphs with What will you do?
adapted by Nick & Sheila Seifert
and anyone who looks directly at
Make a choice. Check the box. stories. She has serpents for hair, lake and hurry to find the nymphs.
What will you do? the monster Medusa, you hear escape so you toss it into a nearby
Head a wallet. As you wander the world to find you and hurt you. You need time to
to look like a small bag the size of because you have no choice. you give them their eye, they will see
Medusas hold large items and then contracts
hold Medusas head. It expands to
dangerous and impossible quest
Gorgon Medusa. You agree to this
where Medusa lives. You know that if
find the Nymphs of the North and
it. They also give you a small bag to He says, I want the head of the get it back. They tell you where to
makes you invisible when you wear give you whatever you want! You steal it. They will do anything to
M The nymphs give you a cap. It L You are embarrassed. I will J They all share one eyeball.
A You are Perseus. You and your C You will need the sword. You F You greet Athena and the god H They give you magical items,
mom live on the island of Seriphos. do not pay them. Go to I on page 4. Hermes. She lends you her shield to not secrets. Go to M on page 7.
Its evil king, Polydectes, has fallen in help kill Medusa. Hermes gives you
love with your mom, but you protect D After many adventures, you a strong sword and winged shoes. I You travel to Medusas lair
her from him. The king demands gifts arrive home. You realize the king sent They point you toward the Gray using the winged shoes. You must
from the people in his kingdom to win you on this quest to get rid of you. He Sisters as your next step. You thank not look at Medusa so you arent
the favor of a foreign princess. Most wanted to marry your mother. She them and find the Gray Sisters. turned into stone. You use the shiny
families give him a horse. You are not now lives in a temple for protection These three women refuse to help. shield as a mirror so you look at it,
rich. He asks what you will give him. from him. You enter the throne room not Medusa. You put on the invisible
What will you do?
and pull out Medusas head. The Make a choice. Check the box. cap. You sneak up on this monster,
What will you do?
Make a choice. Check the box. king and his men look at it and turn remove its head, and put the head
Choice 1: If you steal an eyeball from
to stone. You put Medusas head into the nymphs expandable bag.
Choice 1: If you brag you will give him a them, go to J on page 5.
back in the bag and give it to Athena.
flying horse, Pegasus, go to G on page 3. Choice 2: If you steal a tooth from What will you do?
You also return the shield, sword, Make a choice. Check the box.
Choice 2: If you agree to give him the them, go to B on page 1.
shoes & magical objects. Then you
head of a Gorgon, go to L on page 6. Choice 1: If you head back to
and your mom move. The End
G The king laughs at you. Seriphos, go to D on page 2.
B You steal a shared tooth but E Neither are Gorgons. One is
You cant afford even a regular Choice 2: If Medusa comes back to
also an eye. Go to J on page 5. horse! Go to L on page 6. life, go to K on page 5.
a goddess. Go to F on page 3.
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