ABNT 4340 STEEL GRINDING WITH

GEOMETRY INTERRUPTED BY
CONVENTIONAL GRINDING WHEEL
Authors: MSc. Marcel Yuzo Kondo FEG/UNESP
Prof. Manoel Clber de Sampaio Alves PhD. FEG/UNESP
Prof. Eduardo Carlos Bianchi PhD. FEB/UNESP
Prof. Paulo Roberto Aguiar PhD. FEB/UNESP
MsC. Hamilton Jos de Mello FEB/UNESP
MsC. Cleverson Pinheiro FEG/UNESP
Prof. Marcos Valrio Ribeiro PhD. FEG/UNESP

23rd ABCM International Congress of

Mechanical Engineering
23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

SUMMARY
Introduction;
Experimental description;
Results and discussion;
Conclusion;
References.

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23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

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INTRODUCTION
23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

INTRODUCTION

ABNT 4340 hardened steel Uses in automotive,

aeronautical and machine industries;

Good resistance and tenacity combination;

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23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

INTRODUCTION
Conventional lubrication problems:

High costs of fluid;

High disposal costs of emulsion-based cooling fluids;
Growing need to develop environmentally correct
production techniques.

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23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

INTRODUCTION
One of the alternatives is the method of minimum
quantity lubrication (MQL), where small amounts of
lubricant are sprayed in a compressed air flow
(SILVA et al., 2007).

MQL system is able to penetrate more effectively the

region of contact between the grinding wheel and the
workpiece (TAWAKOLI et al.,2009).

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23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

INTRODUCTION - Objective

This study aims to analyze the influence of

lubrication type, the interrupted cutting and grinding
wheel cutting depth on the flat grinding of hardened
steel ABNT 4340 by measuring the roughness Ra and
Rt.

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23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

EXPERIMENTAL DESCRIPTION

Quenched and temperated ABNT 4340 steel, 60 HC.

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23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

EXPERIMENTAL DESCRIPTION
Flat Grinding;

Wheel Speed =
30m/s;

Work Speed = 0,021

m/s

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23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

EXPERIMENTAL DESCRIPTION

Taguchis Method (DOE) L16 (4 levels, 3 parameters)

Parameters
Levels
1 2 3 4
Lubrification MQL
type
conventional MQL (low) MQL (high)
(medium)
Interrupted
cutting 0 1 2 3

Cutting depth 10 m 15 m 20 m 5 m
10
 Parameter

Test (A_B_C) A (Lubrication B (Interrupted C ( Penetration

type) cut) depth) (m)
1_1_1 Conventional 0 10
23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

1_2_2 Conventional 1 15
EXPERIMENTAL
1_3_3 Conventional
DESCRIPTION
2 20
1_4_4 Conventional 3 5
2_1_2 MQL (low) 0 15
2_2_1 MQL (low) 1 10
2_3_4 MQL (low) 2 5
2_4_3 MQL (low) 3 20
3_1_3 MQL (medium) 0 20
3_2_4 MQL (medium) 1 5
3_3_1 MQL (medium) 2 10
3_4_2 MQL (medium) 3 15
4_1_4 MQL (high) 0 5
4_2_3 MQL (high) 1 20
4_3_2 MQL (high) 2 11
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23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

EXPERIMENTAL DESCRIPTION

To create discontinuities in the surfaces to be grinded,

the samples were prepared with grooves, creating the
interrupted cutting condition.

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23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

EXPERIMENTAL DESCRIPTION

Ra and Rt roughness MarSurf M 300 + RD 18

Mahr.

Taguchi method was processed in the commercial

statistic software Minitab 17.0.
The chosen options for calculation of the signal to noise
ratio was smaller is better.

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23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Ra and Rt results;

Main effects for means;

ANOVA.

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 23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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 23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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 23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Fcrit,=0,95 (3,6)=4,757
ANOVA for Ra Means:
Source DF F - value p - value
Lubrication
3 0.42 0.745
type
Interrupted
3 0.07 0.972
cutting
Cutting depth 3 0.34 0.801

Residual error 6 - 18 -
23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

CONCLUSION
By the analyses of Ra and Rt, the parameters hasnt
shown influence in the values of superficial
roughness;
looking just the superficial roughness, conventional
lubrication for MQL substitution can be made in
grinding machining;
Its a great result because the fluid used in
conventional lubrication has high financial and
environmental costs and the substitution for MQL
could bring a reduction in grinding costs. 19
23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

REFERENCES
SILVA, L. R. DA; BIANCHI, E. C.; FUSSE, R. Y.; et al.
Analysis of surface integrity for minimum quantity lubricant-
MQL in grinding. International Journal of Machine Tools and
Manufacture, v. 47, n. 2, p. 412418, 2007.
TAWAKOLI, T.; HADAD, M. J.; SADEGHI, M. H.
Investigation on minimum quantity lubricant-MQL grinding of
100Cr6 hardened steel using different abrasive and coolant-
lubricant types. International Journal of Machine Tools and
Manufacture, v. 50, n. 8, p. 698708, 2010. Elsevier.
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2010.04.009>.
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23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

MsC. Marcel Yuzo Kondo

E-mail: yuzokondo@gmail.com

THANK YOU

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