UNIT I 12EI2503 BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION SREC - EIE

CAPACITIVE SENSORS
 UNIT I 12EI2503 BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION SREC - EIE

RESISTIVE SENSORS

POTENTIOMETERS

(A) (b)

(A) Translational and (B) Rotational

 UNIT I 12EI2503 BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION SREC - EIE

STRAIN GAUGE
 UNIT I 12EI2503 BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION SREC - EIE

INDUCTIVE TRANSDUCER
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PIEZOELECTRIC
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ULTRASONIC SENSOR

A pulse of sound is emitted from some source. One or more receivers then pick up the
sound wave after it has bounced off any obstacles. This echo is then interpreted in various
ways to obtain information about an obstacle

Pros

Cheap

Easy to Use

Cons

Resolution rapidly decreases with distance

Ghost echoes can give false readings

Physical properties of objects can give very different responses

Calculating distance

The speed of sound in air is about 343 m/s

Ex : The sonar sends out a sound to an object that is an unknown distance away.

o That means the sound has to travel this unknown distance twice (there and back).

o Now suppose your microcontroller says the time passed was .03 seconds. How
many meters away is the object from the robot?

Speed_of_Sound * Time_Passed / 2 = Distance_from_Object

343 m/s * .03 s / 2 = 5.145 m