Hawke ChairGun Pro (ChairGun4)

Welcome to Hawke ChairGun Pro

ChairGun4 is a Trajectory
Calculator in which the user enters
various parameters of the gun - or
crossbow, projectile and scope as
input and is rewarded with graphs
and tables depicting and predicting
the flight of the projectile, external
ballistics and trajectory details.

ChairGun4 uses an enhanced

point-mass ballistic algorithm that
yields better accuracy for transonic
and supersonic muzzle velocities
associated with rim-fire
applications and more energetic
airguns.

ChairGun4 is a complete, ground-

up rewrite in the Java language so
that it can be run on any platform
that supports the Java Runtime Environment although this initial instance is tailored
particularly for the Windows and OSX environments.
Installation

Windows:
Download the ChairGun4_Setup.exe file into a temporary directory and run it.
If the Java JRE is not already installed on the PC then youll be prompted to download and
install it.
By default, this will properly register and load the ChairGun4.exe executable into a sub-
directory of Program Files,

i.e., 'C:\Program Files\ChairGun4\' ....

(or, if you're using 64-bit Windows7, 8 or 10 ... 'C:\Program Files (x86)\ChairGun4\' ....)

A directory structure will also be created in C:\ProgramData\ChairGun4\

i.e.,
C:\ProgramData\ChairGun4\Data - user Data files.
C:\ProgramData\ChairGun4\Images - user Image (.jpg) files.
C:\ProgramData\ChairGun4\CSV - user CSV (.csv) files.
C:\ProgramData\ChairGun4\Pel - user Pellet (.tsv) files.
C:\ProgramData\ChairGun4\Profiles - user Custom Profile (.pro) files.
C:\ProgramData\ChairGun4\Stats - user Statistics (.dat) files.
C:\ProgramData\ChairGun4\Etc - various system files.
C:\ProgramData\ChairGun4\Etc\CalMag - reticle calibration files.

To run ChairGun4, navigate to the installation directory (C:\Program Files\ChairGun4 or

C:\Program Files (x86)\ChairGun4) and click on ChairGun4.exe. It may be a good idea to
make a link to ChairGun4.exe and put it on your desktop if you didn't allow the setup to do
it for you.

Alternatively, Start > Programs > Hawke Sport Optics > Hawke ChairGun Pro and click on
the Hawke ChairGun Pro icon.

OSX:
Older versions of OSX have Apples version of the Java JRE preinstalled but it may be a
good idea to download the latest update from Apple.
Download the ChairGun4_pkg.zip file, unzip the ChairGun4.pkg installation file and run it.

A <user name>\ChairGun4\ directory structure will also be created in your user directory

i.e.,
<user name>\ChairGun4\Data - user Data files.
<user name>\ChairGun4\Image - user Image (.jpg) files.
<user name>\ChairGun4\CSV - user CSV (.csv) files.
<user name>\ChairGun4\Pel - user Pellet (.tsv) files.
Page 2
 <user name>\ChairGun4\Profiles - user Custom Profile (.pro) files.
<user name>\ChairGun4\Stats - user Statistics (.dat) files.
<user name>\ChairGun4\Etc - various system files.
<user name>\ChairGun4\Etc\CalMag - reticle calibration files.

To run ChairGun4, simply click on the ChairGun4 application icon in your Applications
folder.

The Least You Need To Know

When you first run ChairGun4 the display should look something like this:

.... A specimen data file

(called default.cgp4) has been
pre-loaded so that you can
start immediately.
The supplied default
configuration file has setups
for popular applications.
Select the particular
combination/calibre by
clicking on the appropriate
Tab (0.177 Airgun, 0.22 Airgun,
0.17 HMR or 0.25 Airgun) and
select your preferred
projectile by clicking on the
Projectiles menu item and
selecting a calibre and
particular projectile from
there. The banner below the
tab markers shows the current scope, reticle, projectile, ballistic curve and combo.
The Tabs and Combos can be any calibre that you want - they could all refer 0.177 (for
example) if that's what you need.
Left-click on the Hawke Scopes menu item to select a Hawke scope from the dialogue -
this will then preset the correct reticle, magnification and click-size for you.
Alternatively, if you don't yet own a current Hawke scope, left-click on the Reticles
menu item to select a suitable reticle, right-click on the Profile item to select an
appropriate ballistic profile (GA is fine for most airgun pellets, RA4 for .22 LR, GS for
ball and G1 for almost everything else). Right-click on the summary banner and select
Edit Combo Name to enter an appropriate name for the projectile/rifle/scope
combination.
Change the values in the textboxes to suit your particular combination by manually
entering a value and, clicking on the Table or Graph items, select the graph or table
(or both) that you want to display.

Page 3
Tooltips
Hovering the mouse-pointer over a control or item will present a transient tooltip.

Popup Menus
In general, right-clicking on an object will raise a popup-menu with a selection of items
relevant to the particular textbox, function, etc. These popups (listed and amplified in
the text below) all have a Do Nothing item which simply closes the popup without
further action.

That's got you started. Play with the numbers, menus and buttons - the following will
show you how. Click on the Quit option (File Menu/Windows, Main Menu/OSX) to exit.

Page 4
Main Menu
The menus and menu items shown below are taken from the OSX version of ChairGun4.
Although the Windows items are generally identical some platform-dependent differences
do exist and these are described in the text.

File Menu

Options for manipulating ChairGun4s data files:

Save ...
saves the current setup under its current name as
a ChairGun4 .cgp4 file.
Save As ...
saves the current setup with a user-defined name
(as a ChairGun4 .cgp4 file).
Open ...
opens an existing .cgp4 datafile for use.
Pellet Database Management ...
Provides options to: Save Current Database, Open an Alternative database and to
Backup the current database (preferably under a different name).
Save Screen as Image
Copies the current screen as an image. Note that, the image will contain images of
all attached monitors.
Print Screen
Prints the current screen image. Note that, the image will contain images of all
attached monitors.

The OSX File Menu is shown here. The Windows equivalent also has a Quit option -
which closes the application. The Quit option - on OSX - appears on the System Menu
instead.

Hawke Scopes

Selecting the 'Select A Hawke Scope' item opens

the Hawke Scope Selection applet. See 'Applets'
below.

Page 5
Reticles Menu

If an Internet connection has been

found then selecting the 'Hawke
Reticle Information' item opens a
browser and displays a general
information page on the Hawke
server.
The 'General Purpose Reticles',
'Crossbow Reticles', 'Mil-dot Reticles'
and 'X-Act Reticles' items all expand
to list the current 2015 Hawke reticle
range (as supplied in various 2015 Hawke scopes). 'Pre 2015 Reticles' opens a list of
earlier Hawke reticle designs and the 'Generic Mil-dot' item selects a generic mil-dot
reticles.
General Purpose Reticles:
30/30 Duplex
30/30 Centre Cross (IR)
LA4
TMX (20x)
LR Dot (8x)
LR Dot (16x)
Slug Gun Reticle
SR Pro
AMX
AMX IR
Crossbow Reticles:
Hawke XB30 Pro SR
Hawke XB1 MAP
Hawke XB1 SR
Hawke XB MAP
Hawke XB SR
Mil-Dot Reticles
Mil-Dot (non IR)
1/2 Mil-Dot (non IR)
Mil-Dot IR
Mil-Dot (centre dot IR)
10x 1/2 Mil-Dot
20x 1/2 Mil-Dot
X-Act Reticles
17 Rimfire Mach 2
17 Rimfire HMR
22 Rimfire WMR
22 Rimfire SubSonic (9x)
22 Rimfire SubSonic (12x)
22 Rimfire HV
223/308 Marksman (9x)
223/308 Marksman (16x)
223/308 Marksman (24x)
Pre 2015 Reticles
SR6
SR12
Page 6
 MAP6
MAP6a
MAP8
Deer PASS SR
Deer PASS MAP
XB 1x32SR
XB30
XB30 Pro SR
XB30 SR/Compact
XB30 MAP/Compact
Generic Reticles
Generic Mil-Dot Reticle

Projectiles Menu

Projectiles are selected by initially clicking

on the appropriate menu item:
0.177 Projectiles
Database of projectiles less than
0.19 diameter.
0.20 Projectiles
Database of projectiles between
0.19 and 0.21 diameter.
0.22 Projectiles
Database of projectiles between
0.21 and 0.23 diameter.
0.25 Projectiles
Database of projectiles between
0.23 and 0.26 diameter.
BigBore projectiles
Database of projectiles greater than
0.26 diameter.

Clicking on any of the above will open the

Projectile Selection applet. See 'Applets'
below.

Print projectiles Database

Print the entire database or one of
the defined categories.
Save Projectiles DataBase as CSV
Save the entire database or one of
the defined categories to a .CSV file.

Page 7
Embellishments Menu

The Embellishments Menu controls the way in

which artefacts are added to graphs and tables.
POI Graph:
POI Graph limits
limits the maximum and minimum y-axis of
the POI graph.
Show POI Telltale
Shows a ballistics summary when the
mouse pointer is positioned on the POI
graphs trajectory curve and the left mouse
button pressed.
Show/Hide Features:
Kill Zone
Turns the Kill-Zone ON/OFF as
depicted on the POI graph.
Point Blank Range
Displays/hides the Point Blank
Range on the POI graph.
Laser Line
Displays/hides the Laser line on the
POI graph.
Laser Kill Zone
Displays/hides the Laser Kill Zone
(provided that the Laser is turned on
and the current graph is POI
Bore Line:
Shows/hides the bore-line.
Energy & Momentum Markers:
indicates retained energy and/or momentum on the POI graph.

Righthand side Markers:

determines what gets shown on the righthand side of the POI graph:
Units
Same as the lefthand side.
Reticle Intercepts
The intersections of reticle points and the trajectory.
Minutes of Arc (MoA)
The intersections of multiple MoAs with range.
Clicks
The intersections of clicks (at the current Clicks/MoA setting) with range.
Mil-Dots
The intersections of Mil-Dots (at the current True Mil-Dot setting) with range
Milliradians (mils)
The intersections of multiple milliradian increments with range.
Windage Graph:
Right hand side markers:
Determines what gets shown on the righthand side of the windage graph:
Units
Same as the lefthand side.

Page 8
 Minutes of Arc (MoA)
The intersections of multiple MoAs with range.
Clicks
The intersections of clicks (at the current Clicks/MoA setting) with range.
Mil-Dots
The intersections of Mil-Dots (at the current True Mil-Dot setting) with range,
Milliradians (mils)
The intersections of multiple milliradian increments with range.

Configuration Menu

Configures the manner in which ChairGun4 works:

Units
Imperial (Ft/s, Yards, Inches, etc.), or
Metric (m/s, m, cm, etc.).
Default Image Format (???) ...
Sets the default image format with options:
png, jpg, bmp and gif.
Colour Gradient on Tables/Graphs
Displays/hides a colour gradient on
displayed tables and graphs.
Colour Gradient on Prints
Displays/hides a colour gradient on prints.
Show Key in Compare Mode
Show/hide the combo key on compared
graphs.

Graph Resolution
Select Auto, Course or fine resolution for
displayed graphs.
OZR Inclusive
When selected, calculates the zero range
such that the Kill zone contains all of the
projectile. Otherwise, the zero-range is
calculated such that the centre of the
projectile coincides with the Kill zone.
Ballistic Table columns
Select which columns to show in the
Ballistic table. See 'Applets' below.
Turn Windows-style Menu Bar ON/OFF
OSX only. Displays the main menu on the
application or at the top of the screen.
Tool Tips Management
Options to enable/disable tool tips and set
the open delay and dismiss times

Page 9
Edit Applets:
Edit Tab Names
Opens the Tab Name Editor.
Edit Combo Names
Opens the Combo Name Editor.
Edit Colour Scheme
Opens the Colour Scheme Editor.

Strategies:
Pellet Update Strategy
If, having changed the weight or BC value of a
pellet, the application can:
a) Always update the pellet database
accordingly,
b) Ask if the pellet database is to be
updated, or
c) Never update (ignore any differences)

Exit Strategy
If the application variables have been changed,
the application can:
a) Always save the changes,
b)Ask if the changes are to be saved, or
c)Never save (the changes are ignored)

Compare Trajectory Mode

Determines on what basis trajectories are
compared:
a) As per input values (default)
b) At the same zero range as the prime
setup, or
c) At the same barrel angle.

Page 10
Toolbox Menu

A collection of useful applets, each designed for a specific task.

View Applets menu (See Reticle Views below)

Intercept View
Shows/hides a view of the current reticle
complete with intercept points.
Scope Cap View
Shows/hides a Scope Cap view of the
current reticle.
Visualisation View
Shows/hides a view of the current reticle
complete with trajectory.
Full Reticle View
Shows/hides a view of the current reticle
complete with trajectory.
Rangefinder Applets menu
Rangefinders (See Rangefinder Views below)
Universal Rangefinder
A base-line bracketing rangefinder
applicable to all reticles.
FT Mil-Dot Rangefinder
Applicable only to Mil-Dot reticles,
this is an FT-style rangefinder with
preset FT target sizes.
Specialised Rangefinders
Specialised rangefinders for SR
(SR6 & SR12), SRPro, MAP6a, Deer
PASS SR and Mil-Dot (10x & 20x 1/2
Mil-Dot) reticles.
Calculate and Calibrate menu
Energy Calculator
Calculates any of: Kinetic Energy (Ft.Lbf,
Joule), Velocity (Ft/s, m/s) or projectile
Weight (Grain, Gram) given the other two
parameters. See 'Applets' below.
Calculate BC from ...
Velocity Difference, or POI at Range, or
Time to Target.
Calculate Gyro Coefficient
Calculates the Gyroscopic/aerodynamic
coefficient. See 'Applets' below.
Maximum Parallax Error
Calculates the maximum possible parallax
error for any combination of target range,
focus range and objective diameter.
Scope Mount Shims
Calculates the shims (or adjustment)
required to optically centre a scope at a
particular range.

Page 11
 Click-size Calibration
Calculates the actual click calibration of a
scope.
Reticle Calibration
Calculates the base design calibration with
respect to the scopes zoom ring.
PCP Fill Calculator
Calculates the number of PCP reservoir fills
to be expected.
Projectile Database Tools menu
Reset Projectile Database
Deletes the current database and
substitutes the built-in version - as when the
application was first run.
Update Projectile Database
Optionally updates the current database
with items from the Hawke Optics server.
Custom Profile Tools menu
Select Custom Profile ...
Allows selection of an existing custom
profile (if available) from the Profiles
directory.
Edit Custom Profile (*)
Opens the Custom Profile Editing applet
(see below) where existing custom profiles
can be edited, copied or new profiles
created.
Miscellaneous Functions
Imperial/Metric Conversions
Convert Length, Velocity, Energy, etc.,
between Metric and Imperial units.
Statistics
A simple statistics applet.
PCP Efficiency
Displays the PCP Efficiency applet
Zero Range Functions (menu)
Quick Zero
Gives correction clicks to zero a
reticle.
Optimum Zero Range
set the far zero range to fit
the current kill zone,
Single Zero Range
set the zero range or kill-zone = 0
Set Laser Zero for Maximum PBR
set the laser zero range to optimise
the PBR based on the current kill
zone.

Page 12
 Range Cards
Generates simple range cards.
Maximum Range
A table and series of graphs indicating
maximum height, range, velocity, etc. for
various inclination angles.
Scope Tape
A simple scope-tape generator.
Vertical Stringing
Opens the vertical stringing applet (below)
Validate
Opens the Validation applet. See 'Applets'
below.

Help Menu

A generic help menu.

Help Topics
Shows this helpfile via a .pdf
application.
Feedback
Send comments/suggestions/etc. to
the developer via email.
Hawke Optics Website
Visit the Hawke Optics Website for
more information on Hawke
products.
Check for Updates at startup
If checked, automatically polls the
Hawke Optics server for information
of later versions of
ChairGun4 on startup.
Check for Updates now
Polls the Hawke Optics server for
information of later versions of
ChairGun4.

The OSX Help Menu is shown above. The Windows variant also has an About option
(See Applets below) and this is available to OSX users via the System Menu.

Page 13
Tabs

Any ChairGun4 datafile retains the details of all four separate setups (profiles) and any
one of these can be selected simply by clicking on the appropriate tab (e.g., 0.177 Airgun,
0.17 HMR Rimfire above) and the background gradient of the app will change to the
appropriate colour. To put ChairGun4 into comparison mode, simply click on the check-
boxes on the left of each tab; the graph will then display the results of both the main and
the compared selection on the same axes. Note that the checkbox of the primary selection
is always and automatically checked. The primary selection can be compared to up to
three other others by ticking the appropriate checkboxes. Clicking on a tab selects the
particular profile and releases (clears) the checkboxes of all of the other profiles.
Right-clicking on any Tab opens a popup menu with options to:

Do Nothing
Closes the menu with no further action.
Select This Tab
Same as Left-clicking on the Tab.
Edit Tab Name
Opens the Tab Name applet. See 'Applets' below.
Edit Combo name
Opens the Combo Name applet. See 'Applets'
below.
Clone these details to all Tabs
Copies all data in the selected profile to all other
profiles. This is useful if the effect of changing
(say) one or two parameters is being investigated.
Summary Bar

The Summary Bar is located immediately below the tab bar and displays information about
the currently selected setup.
Scope: The number of the currently-selected Hawke Scope (or 'Unknown' if a Pre-2015 or
Generic Mil-dot reticle has been selected),
Reticle: The currently selected reticle name,
Projectile: The current projectile calibre and name,
Profile: the current Ballistic Profile name, and
Combo: the user's name for this setup.

Right-clicking on the Summary Bar opens a popup menu with

options to:
Do Nothing
Closes the menu with no further action.
Select Hawke Scope
Opens the Hawke Scope selection applet. See 'Applets'
below.

Page 14
 Edit Combo Name
Opens the Combo Name applet. See 'Applets' below.

The button on the right-hand side of the Summary Bar hides or displays the data panel.

Page 15
Data Textboxes, Action Buttons and Popup Menus

Data Textboxes are really a collection of three or four items:

a) the textbox itself into which data is entered,
b) +/- labels which increment/decrement the value of the textbox content when clicked,
c) a relevant popup up menu that is opened when the textbox is right-clicked,
d) and (in some cases) a 'units' drop down menu.

Weight

Projectile Weight (Imperial) or Mass (Metric)

Program Limits: 5 Grain to 1000 Grain

Drop-down menu options: Gram or Grain

+/- increment: 0.01

Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Changing Weight changes Velocity
ChairGun4 will assume Constant Energy.
Changing Weight changes Energy
ChairGun4 will assume Constant Velocity.
This is the default.

BC (Ballistic Coefficient)

Ballistic Coefficient
Program Limits: 0.005 to 0.750

Drop-down menu options: G1, GA, GL, GS, RA4,

GC, GI, G7, G8, GU (User defined)

+/- increment: 0.0001

Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Calculate BC from Velocity Change
See Applets below.
Calculate BC from POI Change
See Applets below.
Page 16
 Calculate BC from Elapsed Time
See Applets below.
Muzzle Velocity

Muzzle Velocity
Program Limits: 200 to 4000 Ft/s

Drop-down menu options: Ft/s, m/s

+/- increment: 0.1

Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Minimum (0.178 Mach)
Equivalent to 200 Ft/s @ NTP
0.250 Mach
... Various reference velocities ...
2.500 Mach
Maximum (3.583 Mach)
Equivalent to 4000 Ft/s @ NTP

Zero Range

Zero Range
Program Limits: 5 to 1000 m/Yard (or 0.4 *
maximum range, whichever is the lesser)

Drop-down menu options: Yard, m

+/- increment: 0.1

Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Optimum Zero Range
Sets the Zero Range to give the maximum
Point Blank Range (PBR) with the chosen
Kill-Zone.
Single Zero
Sets the Zero Range at the peak of the
trajectory.

Sight Height

Sight Height
Program Limits: 0.0 to 12.0 Inch

Drop-down menu options: Inch, cm

+/- increment: 0.01

Page 17
 Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
... various predefined scope-heights ...

Mag (Magnification)

Magnification
Program Limits: depends on selected reticle

+/- increment: 0.01

Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Minimum Mag
Sets the magnification to the minimum for
the selected reticle.
Calibration Mag
Sets the magnification to the calibration
magnification for the selected reticle
Best Fit Mag
Sets the magnification of the selected
reticle to fit the selected End Range (if
possible; if not then the minimum
magnification is selected instead).
Maximum Mag
Sets the magnification to the maximum for
the selected reticle.

Cal. Mag.
Calibration Magnification
Program Limits: 0.1x to 100x

+/- increment: 0.01

Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Reset Cal. Mag
Resets the Calibration Magnification to the
nominal value.
Calibrate Reticle
Opens the Calibrate Reticle applet.
Maximum Mag
Sets the magnification to the maximum for
the selected reticle.

Page 18
Incline

Incline
Program Limits: +75 to -75

Drop-down menu options: none

+/- increment: 1

Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
... various preset angles

Start Range
Program Limits: 0 to End Range - 10 Yard/m

Drop-down menu options: none

+/- increment: 1

Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Reset to Zero
Resets the Start Range to 0 Yard/m.
End Range

End Range
Program Limits: 10 to 1100 Yard/m (maximum
calculated range, whichever is the lesser)

Drop-down menu options: none

+/- increment: 1

Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
... various preset End Ranges

Near Zero Range

Sets the End Range to the near-zero range
(or 10 Yard/m, whichever is the greater).
Zenith Range
Sets the End Range to the range at which
the Zenith occurs (or 10 Yard/m, whichever
is the greater).
Far Zero Range
Sets the End Range to the Far Zero Range.

Page 19
 Max. Range
Sets the End Range to the maximum
calculated range .
Kill-Zone

Kill-Zone
Program Limits: 0.0 to 12.0 Inch

Drop-down menu options: Inch, cm

+/- increment: 0.01

Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Fit KillZone to current ZR (far Zero Range)
Adjusts the Kill-Zone to the current Zero
Range.
Fit Zero Range to current Kill Zone
Adjusts the Zero Range to the current Kill-
Zone.
Kinetic Energy

Kinetic Energy
Program Limits: none

Drop-down menu options: Ft.Lbf, Joule

+/- increment: 0.01

Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Changing Energy changes Velocity
Changing the Energy value changes the
Muzzle Velocity value (constant projectile
weight).
Changing Energy changes Weight
Changing the Energy value changes the
Weight value (constant Muzzle Velocity).

Page 20
Click Size

Click Size
Program Limits: 1.0 to 100.0

Drop-down menu options:c/moa, moa/c

+/- increment: 0.0001

Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
... various pre-defined values ...
Click Calibration
Opens the Click Calibration applet (see
Applets below).

Gyroscopic Coefficient

Gyroscopic Coefficient
Program Limits: -5.0 to 5.0

Drop-down menu options:- Gyro, + Gyro

+/- increment: 0.001

Popup ...
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Enable Gyro Effects
Toggles Gyro Effects on/off
Calculate Gyro Coefficient
Opens the Calculate Gyro Coefficient
applet (see Applets below).

Laser Details

Left-click to open the Laser Details applet.

Right-click to open popup menu having options:
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Set Laser Zero for Maximum PBR
Sets laser zero range for maximum laser
PBR
Show/hide Laser Kill Zone
Show/hide the laser kill Zone
Show Laser Line
Show/hide the laser line
Open Laser Applet
Opens the Laser Details applet (same as
left-click)
Page 21
Wind Profile

The button displays the current wind parameters

in its tooltip.
Left-click to open the Wind Profile dialogue.
Right-click to open popup menu having options:
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Set Zero Wind
Sets the Windspeed to zero.
Use Single Windspeed
Sets the current Windspeed and angle to
the 'All Ranges' option. The specific details
are displayed in the item's tooltip.
Use Windspeed from profile
Sets the Windspeed and angle according to
the current wind profile.
Open Wind Profile Applet
Opens the Wind Profile Applet (same as
left-click)

Environment

The button displays the current environmental

settings and it's tooltip displays the alternative
values (Imperial or Metric).
Left-click to open the Environment dialogue.
Right-click to open popup menu having options:
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Set NTP Conditions
Sets NTP Conditions: 20C (68F),
29.95"Hg, 50%RH, 0Ft.
Set ICAO Conditions
Sets ICAO Conditions: 15C (59F),
29.92"Hg, 0%RH, 0Ft.
Open Environmental Applet
Opens the Environmental Applet (same as
left-click)

Page 22
Hawke Banner

Click on the Hawke Banner to access the Hawke Optics website.

Tables and Graphs

Table Popup

Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Ballistic Table Columns
Starts the Ballistic Table Column Selector applet
below.
Ballistics
Presents a table of trajectory & ballistics
details
Windage
From the sub-menu choose to print the wind-drift
of the current trajectory in terms of Units (Inch or
cm), Minutes of Arc, Clicks, Mil-Dots (if the current
reticle is a Mil-Dot type) or milliradians (mils) - or
all of the above.
Click Values
A table of near and far intercept ranges versus
click values
Graph Values
A table of what ever is currently being displayed
on the graph
Print Table
Print the current table
Save as CSV file
Save the current table as a .csv file suitable for
spreadsheet analysis
Show every (Yard/Metre) ...
Increment current table by 1, 2, 5,10,25, 50 or 100
Yard/m.

Page 23
Graph Popup

Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Compare Trajectory Mode
Unavailable when a single setup is selected.
Graph Resolution
Select from Auto, Coarse or Fine modes.
Point of Impact
Point of Impact (POI) v. selected Range.
Velocity > Absolute
Absolute Velocity v. selected Range.
Velocity > Retained
Velocity relative to muzzle velocity v.
selected range.
Windage
Wind drift at current windspeed and wing angle
values v. current range.
Elapsed Time
Elapsed (flight) time v. current range.
Drop from LoD
Vertical drop from horizontal line of
departure v. current range.
Kinetic Energy > Absolute
Kinetic energy v. current range.
Kinetic Energy > Retained
Kinetic Energy relative to muzzle energy v.
current range.
Momentum > Absolute
Momentum v. current range.
Momentum > Retained
Momentum relative to muzzle energy v.
current range.
Minutes of Arc (MoA)
Trajectory deviation from LoS (in MoA) v.
current range.
Clicks
Trajectory deviation from LoS (in Clicks at
he current clicks/MoAsetting) v. current range.
Mil-Dots
Trajectory deviation from LoS (in Mil-Dots
at the current Calibration and physical
magnification) v. current range.
Only accessible if a Mil-Dot reticle is
currently selected.
Laser Holdover
Displays the relationship between laser and
trajectory

Page 24
 Penetration
Penetration using the Poncelet/Steve_NC
expression
Ballistic Profiles > All Profiles
Displays all (6) ballistic profiles v. velocity
Ballistic Profiles > Current Profile
Display the currently selected ballistic
profiles v. velocity (in Mach & Ft/s or m/s).
Print Graph
Prints the current graph to an attached printer.
Save as PNG Image
Saves the current graph as a PNG Image.
Reticle Views
Reticle views display the current reticle information in different ways depending on
requirement. The Reticle Views are opened/reopened from the Toolbox main menu. None
of the views can be resized on the screen but they can be moved about by left-clicking on
the title bar and dragging it into position. The background gradient can be switched ON/
OFF via the Colour Gradient on Tables/Graphs option of the Embellishments main menu.

Intercept View
Displays the current reticle with Trajectory
intercepts superimposed together with the
relevant ballistics data in the top left-hand corner.
A popup menu (right-click) gives options:
Switch Rounding ON/OFF
Rounds the far ranges to the nearest 5
Yards/ Metres. Not available if the furthest
distance displayed on the reticle is less
than 100 Yards/Metres.
Show MoA Peak
Indicates the MoA peak range on the
reticle.
Reticle Lefthand Side
The sub-menu determines what is to be
displayed on the lefthand side of the Reticle
(and Scope Cap) views.
Print Reticle
Print the Reticle image to an attached
printer.
Save as JPG Image
Save the Reticle image as a JPG file
Close
Remove the Reticle View from the screen.
It can be opened again via the Toolbox
main menu.

Page 25
Scope Cap View

Displays the current reticle with Trajectory

intercepts superimposed in a format suitable
for fitting into/onto a scope-cap. The printed
(and JPG Image) diameter is controlled by the
textboxes at the bottom of the view.
A popup menu (right-click) gives options:
Print Scope Cap
Print the Scope Cap image to an attached
printer.
Save as JPG Image
Save the reticle image as a JPG file.
Close
Remove the Scope Cap View from the
screen. It can be opened again via the
Toolbox main menu.

Right-Clicking on the Range colour or Zero

Colour labels opens a popup menu where the
colours of the ranges can be changed.

Page 26
Rangefinder Views
Universal Rangefinder View

Displays the current reticle with range finding intercepts

with regard to a Magnification and Target Size - both of
which can be adjusted via the textboxes.
A popup menu (right-click) gives options:
Print Rangefinder
Print the Rangefinder image to an attached printer.
Save as JPG Image
Save the Rangefinder image as a JPG file.
Close
Remove the Rangefinder View from the screen. It
can be opened again via the Toolbox main menu.

SR Rangefinder

Available only when an SR6 or SR12 reticle is currently

selected, the SR6/SR12 rangefinder mimics the
rangefinder feature available on the SR reticles.
The SR6 reticle as calibrated @ 6.0x whereas the SR12
reticle is calibrated @ 12.0x. Alter the magnification and
the required target size (in Inches and millimetres) using
the textboxes provided.
The popup menu (Right-click) has options to print the
rangefinder image, save it as a JPG image or close the
applet.

SR Pro Rangefinder

Available only when the SR Pro reticle is currently

selected, the SR Pro rangefinder mimics the rangefinder
feature available on the SR Pro reticles.
The SR Pro reticle as calibrated @ 8.0x.
Alter the magnification and the required target size (in
Inches and millimetres) using the textboxes provided.
The popup menu (Right-click) has the same options as the
SR Rangefinder above.

Page 27
Deer PASS Rangefinder

Available only when the Deer PASS SR reticle is currently

selected, the Deer PASS SR rangefinder uses the reticle
dimensions to estimate ranges via three target sizes - 2,
12 and 36.
The Deer PASS SR reticle as calibrated @ 6.0x.
Two modes are available: where changing the
magnification changes either the target sizes or the
ranges. In both cases, the range equivalents to the shown
target sizes are displayed next to the horizontal ranging
bars.
Alter the magnification using the textbox provided.
The popup menu (Right-click) has the same options as the
SR Rangefinder above.

Mil-Dot Rangefinder
Available only when a Hawke 10x or 20x 1/2 Mil-Dot
reticle is currently selected, the Mil-Dot rangefinder
displays the reticle features against target ranges at the
selected target size and magnification.
The Hawke 10x 1/2 Mil-Dot reticle as calibrated @ 10.0x
whereas the Hawke 20x 1/2 Mil-Dot reticle is calibrated
@ 20.0x. Alter the magnification and the required target
size (in Inches and millimetres) using the textboxes
provided.
The popup menu (Right-click) has the same options as the
SR Rangefinder above.

MAP 6a Rangefinder

Available only when the MAP 6a reticle is currently

selected, the SR Pro rangefinder mimics the rangefinder
feature available on the SR Pro reticles.
The MAP 6a reticle as calibrated @ 6.0x.
Alter the magnification and the required target size (in
Inches and millimetres) using the textboxes provided.
The popup menu (Right-click) has the same options as the
SR Rangefinder above.

Page 28
FT Mil-Dot Rangefinder

Available only when a Mil-Dot reticle is currently selected, the FT

Mil-Dot rangefinder displays the reticle features against a target
image at the selected target size and magnification; the dots-
spanned and the target ranges (in Yards and metres) displayed in
a moving panel.
The target size can be selected either from a popup menu (right-
click on either Target Size textbox) or by entering a value into
either of the Target Size textboxes directly.
The number of dots spanned can be changed by entering a value
(0.1 to 5.0 dots) into the Dots textbox or by moving the slider or by
clicking on the slider's track at the appropriate place.
Hovering the mouse pointer over the Mag textbox displays the
reticle's Maximum, Minimum and Calibration magnifications.
The popup menu (Right-click) has the same options as the SR
Rangefinder above.

Page 29
Quick Access buttons

Situated along the bottom of the ChairGun application are two drop-down menus and five
buttons. In order these are:

Drop-down menus:
a) Range Unit menu: Yard or metre. This simply changes the Range variable on the
graphs and tables to Yards or metres as required.
b) POI/Drift Unit menu: Inch or cm. The setting changes the POI and Drift units on the
graphs and tables as required.

Toggle buttons:

c) Intercept button: Toggles the Intercept image of the current reticle on/off.
d) Scope Cap button: Toggles the Scope Cap image of the current reticle on/off.
e) Range Finder button: Toggles the Universal Range Finder image of the current reticle
on/off.
f) Visual button: Toggles the Visualisation image of the current reticle on/off.
g) Reticle button: Toggles the Full Reticle image of the current reticle on/off.

Page 30
Applets
Applets are sub-applications - opened from the main ChairGun4 application - designed for
one specific function.
The gradient colour of particular applets refers to the dataset (tab) on which it is operating
whereas, if the background is graduated grey, it reflects a system-wide function (e.g.,
Environment, About, etc.).

Hawke Scope Selection

The 'Select a Hawke Scope' item opens the Hawke Scope Selection applet:

Sort the 2015 range of Hawke

Scopes by:
a) Model Range,
b) Reticle,
c) Magnification range &
Objective Diameter,
d) Focusing arrangement or
e) Tube Diameter

... or any combination of the above by clicking on the drop-down menu and selecting from
the list.
Selections can be reset to the above state (listing all scopes) at any time by clicking on the
Reset button.
Having selected a scope of interest, a click on the Web Details button opens a browser (if
the computer is connected to the Internet) to display the particular web-page on the
Hawke Optics server.
Clicking on the 'Use Selected' button (or double-clicking on the selected item) closes the
applet and sets the application to use the selected scope's details - Reticle, Magnification
Range and click size.
The Close button closes the applet with no changes made.

Page 31
Trajectory Visualisation View

Displays the selected reticle with the trajectory

superimposed.
A popup menu (right-click) gives options:
Show/hide Target
Shows or hides a target (based on the
current End Range value).
Targets
A popup of various sample targets.
Show/hide Data
Shows or hides the ballistics data in the top
lefthand corner.
Show Grid
This option is available only for Mil-Dot
reticles.
Show every (yard/metre)
Dont show Ranges

... various increment settings

Print Reticle
Print the Reticle image to an attached
printer.
Save as JPG Image
Save the Reticle image as a JPG file.
Close
Remove the Visualisation View from the
screen. It can be opened again via the
Toolbox main menu.

Text boxes and popup menus are provided (in both Inches and mm) to change the 'blob'
target size - changing the apparent size of the target on the applet - whereas the target
range (corresponding to the End Range), wind speed and angle are changed via the
textboxes of the main application.
+ Gyro Colour raises a simple popup menu to change the colour of the indicated trajectory
with the Gyro function enabled.
- Gyro Colour does a similar thing for use when Gyro function is disabled.

Page 32
BC Calculators:

The choice of BC calculator will depend to a very large extent on the equipment available.
An accurate Chronograph is always required to measure Muzzle Velocity but, additionally,
to calculate BC from Velocity Difference, a second - equally accurate - Chronograph will be
required. Calculating the BC by measuring the POI at a distant range can give results
good enough for practical use although it is very sensitive to the POI measurement
whereas BC calculations using the Time to Target method are probably best attempted if
you have access to a recording oscilloscope and a sensitive microphone. Alternatively,
adequate results can sometimes had by using a stopwatch ...
All BC calculation applets use the currently selected ballistic profile.
Note that the values in the various textboxes are initially copied from the main application
and will probably need to be changed before the calculation is performed.

Calculate BC from Velocity Difference

Enter the realMuzzle Velocity, the velocity at

the target (V2) and the distance between the
chronographs.
Click on the Calculate button to perform the
calculation then the OK button to accept the
new BC value or the Cancel button to reject
the calculation and close the applet.

Calculate BC from Point of Impact

Enter the real Muzzle Velocity, Sight Height,

Zero Range, Target Range and measured
POI in the appropriate textboxes. Click on
the Calculate button to perform the
calculation then the OK button to accept
the new BC value or the Cancel button to
reject the calculation and close the applet.

Page 33
Calculate BC from Elapsed Time

Enter the real Muzzle Velocity, Target

Range and either the measured Time-to-
Target or the Round Trip time (the
elapsed time between the shot and the
target impact as heard from the shooting
position) in the appropriate textboxes.
Click on the Calculate button to perform
the calculation then the OK button to
accept the new BC value or the Cancel
button to reject the calculation and close
the applet.

Scope Clicks Calibration

Position a ruler at a suitable range

(longer ranges yield better accuracy) and
carefully clamp your rifle/scope securely
such that the cross-hairs are positioned
and focused on some reference point on
the downrange ruler.
Rotate the elevation knob through one or
two whole turns and note how far the
ruler image has moved with reference to
the scopes crosshairs.
Return the scopes elevation setting to
normal again, check the alignment on the
ruler and turn the elevation knob again -
maybe two or three turns.

Jot down the vertical difference observations and enter them - together with the
respective number of clicks and the range - into the applet.
The corresponding Clicks/MoA will then be calculated.
Click on the OK button to accept the value or on the Cancel button to reject and close
the applet.

Page 34
Scope Shims Calculator

Optical centering ...

Remove the scope from the rifle and rotate it on two
suitable wooden V-blocks, adjusting the elevation
and windage controls until the crosshairs remain in
the centre of the view regardless of the rotation. Refit
the scope and shoot at a target positioned at your
desired (far) Zero Range. Measure the vertical
distance between the aim-point and the point-of-
impact (the Vertical Distance). Measure the distance
between the centres of the scope mounts (Mount
Span) and the Target Range (Range) and enter the
values into the appropriate textboxes of the Scope
Shims applet. The calculation will indicate the
difference required between the front and rear mount
heights. This could be achieved by adding a suitable
shim under the scope tube (FRONT or - usually -
REAR mount as indicated) or by suitably adjusting
an adjustable mount. The latter - adjustable mount -
option is always to be preferred.

Maximum Parallax Error Calculator

Parallax Error - in this context - refers to the apparent

displacement of the target with regard to the reticle.
There is no parallax error if the scope is focused on
the target OR the target is viewed along the optical
axis of the scope. However, in an imperfect world,
there are situations when the target and focus are
different (e.g., HFT where the scope cannot be re-
focused between shots) or when normal eye
positioning cannot be guaranteed.
The Maximum Parallax Error Calculator indicates -
for any Focus Range, Target Range and Objective
Diameter combination - the maximum parallax error
that can occur. Note that this is a Maximum value; in
practice, eye-relief considerations may dictate that
the image may white-out before the indicated error
is realised.

Page 35
Statistics

The Statistics applet displays shot-string data

and performs rudimentary statistical operations
on it. The raw data is displayed on the left-hand
Velocity v. Shot Count graph and the
frequency of repeated velocities on the optional
right-hand histogram panel.
Raw data is entered and/or edited in the left-
hand editor window and the panel below the
graphs displays the computed data for both the
entire dataset and any subset defined by the
textboxes in the button left-hand corner.
The File menu gives options:
Open ...
Open an existing dataset.
Save
Save the current dataset.
Save As ...
Save the current dataset under a different
name.
Save Graph as JPG Image
Saves the current graph (including the
histogram if required) as a JPG file.
Print Graph
Prints the current graph to a local printer.
Save Data as CSV File
Saves the current dataset to a .CSV file.
Close
Closes the applet.

The Histogram menu has only one item -

Toggle Histogram on/off - used to display/hide
the histogram.

PCP Efficiency

The PCP Efficiency applet indicates - in terms of bar-

cc/Ft.Lbf - the amount of high-pressure air used per
Ft.Lbf of Kinetic Energy per shot. Lower values
indicate better energy conversion that higher ones.
The applet also displays the notional (simplistic)
efficiency of the system, i.e., the potential energy
converted for n shots divided by the total potential
energy available.

The drop-down menus allows selection of the units

used for pressure (Lbf/in or bar), volume (in or cc)
and Kinetic Energy (Ft.Lbf or Joule)

Page 36
Quick Zero

The applet opens with the Range textbox set at the current
zero range - but this can be changed as appropriate. Simply
left-click on the grid to indicate the position of impact with
respect to the centre black target and the Elevation: and
Windage: labels indicate the appropriate correction (in
clicks at the current click/moa setting) and the direction.
A right-click popup menu gives options to print the QuickZero
image, save it as a .JPG image file or close the applet.

Pressure Vessel Fill Calculator

This applet calculates the number of PCP reservoir

fills that can reasonably be expected from a given
pressure vessel and charging gear.
The Capacity textbox is only really useful for USA
users; the rest of the world use the actual volume
(water volume) instead.
Enter :
the Pressure Vessel values: Volume (Litres) and the
fill pressure (Bar),
the internal volume of the Charging Gear (cc), and
the PCP cylinder parameters: Volume (cc), the
pressure to which it is refilled (Max. Pressure (Bar))
and the refill pressure (Bar).
The number of full charges is indicated as well as the
pressure remaining in the pressure vessel (Bar).
The table displays the pressure remaining in the
pressure vessel after each fill (in Bar and psi), the
percentage of air wasted in the charging gear and
the popup has options to:

Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Print Fill List
Print the table as displayed.
Save List as .CSV File
Save the list for subsequent analysis.

Page 37
Range Cards

This applet displays a simple range card of the current

trajectory parameters in the units of choice, i.e., POI,
Clicks, MoA, Mils (milliradians) or, if a Mil-Dot reticle is
currently selected, Mil-Dots.
The size of the output printed range card is specified
with
the Width and Height textboxes (maximum 6 x 6
Inches).
For the content; specify the minimum and maximum
ranges to appear on the card together with the
increment
(Step) size.

Clicking the Print button sends an image of the specified size to the printer whilst clicking
on the Close button closes the applet.

Maximum Range Calculator and display

The opening page of the Maximum Range applet

displays the ballistic envelope of the current Muzzle
Velocity, Ballistic Coefficient and Cd Profile setup in
terms of Altitude v. Range for inclinations between 0 and
90 - the angle for Maximum Range being marked in red.
A popup menu (right-click) gives access to other graphs
each expanding on various specific aspects of the
ballistic envelope:
Ballistic Envelope
As described above.
Maximum Range
Maximum Range v. Inclination Angle.
Maximum Height
Maximum Height v. Inclination Angle.
Elapsed Time
Elapsed Time v. Inclination Angle.
Terminal Velocity
Terminal Velocity v. Inclination Angle.
... and items to ...
Print Graph and to save the Graph image as a JPG file.
Clicking on the Table tab displays a table of envelope-
related data with a popup to:
Do Nothing
Closes the popup without any action.
Print Table
Print the table to an attached printer.
Save as CSV file
Save as the table as a CSV file for analysis.
Show every ...
various increments to display the table.
The OK button closes the applet.

Page 38
Scope Tape Generator

Generates a simple scope-tape for the

currently selected trajectory.
Enter the scope knobs diameter and height
and the number of clicks/revolution of the
elevation knob. Set the Turns value at 2 to
start.
Next, choose a Numbering Scheme ...
choose from:
Step: a user specified increment,
Odd Ranges: 1, 3, 5, 7 etc.,
Even Ranges: 2, 4, 6, 8 etc., or
Custom: edit the ranges in the textbox leaving
a single space between each value.

Increase the Turns value until the label

contains the longest range required.

Change Text and background colours by:

a) selecting the radio-button corresponding to
the Turn to be altered,
b) selecting the appropriate Text or Back
radio-button, and
c) clicking on the colour swatch to choose the
required colour.

The label can have its text size altered to fit, made bold and/or italic and the click lines
can be shown or hidden. The whole tape can

be reversed if necessary for some scopes.

Click the Print button (or select Print Scope Tape from the labels popup) to print the
tape, the Save as Image button (or the popup item) to save the tape image as a JPG
file and the Close button to exit the applet.

Page 39
Tab Details Editor

Select the appropriate Tab detail to change

and edit the text accordingly.
Click the OK button to save any changes or
the Cancel button to abandon them.

Combo Details Editor

Select the appropriate Combo detail to change

and edit the text accordingly.
Click the OK button to save any changes or
the Cancel button to abandon them.

Colour Scheme Editor

Select the radio-button corresponding to the

Tab to edit from the top horizontal row and the
particular item to change from the vertical
column.
Click on the colour-swatch to change the
items colour as required.

The Cancel button abandons any changes

whereas the Reset button changes the whole
colour scheme to the original state.
The OK button accepts any changes made.

Page 40
Environment Applet

Set the Air Temperature (in C or F), Air Pressure (Inches Hg,
mmHg or mBar) and Relative Humidity (0-100%) in the
appropriate text-boxes.
If the Ambient Pressure at the shooting site is unknown then
set the Altitude (Foot or metre) select the 'Ambient Air Pressure'
radio-button and enter the station pressure. Note: some
wristwatches and later smartphones monitor the Ambient Air
Pressure directly and accurately enough for this purpose.If the
Ambient Air Pressure is unknown then select the 'Mean Sea-Level
Pressure (MSLP)' radio-button instead and enter the MSLP (as
published on TV, radio, Internet, etc.) and the current altitude
above sea-level. Altitude is often available on smartphones via
GPS.
Note: If the MSLP is unknown then enter the ICAO pressure
(29.92"Hg) instead. This may incur a small - but usually
insignificant - error.
Limits:
Temperature: -20 to 60 C (-4 to 140 F )
Pressure: 19.38 to 31.28 Hg (655 to 1058 mBar
Altitude: -1000 to 10000 Ft. (-305 to 3048 m)
Relative Humidity: 0 - 100%
Wind speed: 0 to 60 mph (0 to 96 km/h)

The NTP button resets the ambient temperature and pressure to

Normal conditions, i.e., 20 C (68 F), 29.92Hg(1013 mBar),
50% R.H. and 0 Ft. whereas the ICAO button resets the ambient
temperature and pressure to ICAO Standard Atmosphere
conditions, i.e., 15 C (59 F), 29.92Hg(1013 mBar), 0% R.H. and
0 Ft.

Favourite Conditions
The Save button saves the current environmental conditions for
later use.
The Load button loads a pre-saved favourite set of environmental
conditions into the applet.

The OK button accepts any changes whereas the Cancel button

rejects them.

Page 41
Full Reticle Image

Displays the full details of the

selected reticle. If the reticle
is in the current 2015 range
then a descriptive note will
appear to the right of the
image.

A right-click popup menu has

the following options:
Do Nothing
Do nothing but close
the menu.
Print Image
Print the reticle image
to an attached printer (if
present)
Save as JPG Image
Save the reticle image
using the .JPG format.
Close
Close (hide) the image.

About ChairGun4

The ChairGun4 About applet gives

system details in the scrolling textbox:

Software:
the application name, version,
compilation build and current
installed location.
User:
name and the location of the home
directory
Local Machine:
O/S, version, architecture, screen
size and the presence of an Internet
connection.
File System:
The location and enumeration of
Data, Image and CSV Files on the
local machine.

Page 42
Projectiles Database

As mentioned above, the pellet database is

opened by clicking on the Pellet: item
beneath the first Tab. Left-clicking opens the
database with the current pellet diameter
whereas a right-click will present a popup
menu from which the pellet category can be
chosen.Scroll up and down to find and select
a pellet of choice. Note that the database can
be sorted on any of the available fields by
clicking on the appropriate header (Calibre,
Name,BC, Weight and WSF). Clicking again
on the same header toggles the sort between
ascending and descending modes.A single
click highlights the record (as opposite).
Clicking the OK button accepts the pellet
into ChairGun4 and closes the database.

The Cancel button closes the database leaving the current pellet selection unchanged.

Clicking the Add button presents and selects

a new record with average values for Calibre,
BC, Weight and WSF and the name set to
Un-named 0.177 Pellet. This record can
then subsequently be edited by first double-
left-clicking on subsequent fields in and editing
the contents.

The Delete button deletes the current - selected - record.

Page 43
Update Pellet Database

If an Internet connection is found then ChairGun4

will access a file on the Hawke Optics server
containing updated or new pellet/projectile
records that have been added after the current
release. Internally, the update file is downloaded
and analysed such that any new records that
dont appear in your local database are presented
for inclusion.
The Update All button accepts all of the new
(unique) records into the database and closes the
applet although individual records can be
accepted simply by double-left-clicking on the
particular item of interest.

If there are no new unique records on offer then

then the applet makes this clear.

Clicking the OK button closes the applet.

Page 44
Custom Profile Editor
The Profile Editor opens showing the current
custom profile - CustomProfile.pro is the
default - but an existing profile can be selected
from the File menu as required.
The profile can be modified in a variety of way
to fit your data. These are:
Individual zones:
Left-click on the graph to highlight (in orange)
the zone of interest (the 0.4 Mach zone is
shown on the diagram) then either enter a new
value in the Zone Adjustment or, hovering the
mouse-pointer over the textbox, scroll the
value up/down with the mouse-wheel. Note
that the yellow area defines the range of
velocities consistent with the particular dataset
selected in the main app. Selecting and
adjusting the Cd value of a Zone outside of the
yellow area will have no effect on the
trajectory.

Overall Level Adjustment:

Click on the + or - buttons or, positioning the
mouse-pointer over the graph area, scroll the
level up/down using the mouse-wheel to
increase the Cd value of the whole profile.
Note that if the main app is currently a graph
then the effect of any adjustment is shown in
real time. Likewise, if the Reticle View,
ScopeCap View and/or the Visualisation View
and/or the ScopeTape applet is displayed the
trajectory changes will be apparent.

Buttons:
Cancel:
returns the Custom profile in use to
the original custom profile and
closes the applet.
Use:
Accepts any changes, saves the
profile and makes the profile (as
shown in the graph and title bar) the
current GU selection.

Page 45
File Menu:
has options to:
Open:
opens an existing profile (.pro) file.
Save:
saves the contents of the current
graph (altered or not) to the
filename shown in the title bar.
Save As ...
saves the current configuration
under a user-supplied filename.
Print Graph:
Prints the current custom profile to
an attached printer (if any).
Save As JPG Image:
saves the current custom profile
graph as a .JPG file.
Quit:
as the Use button above.

Profile Menu:
Reset To:
resets the curve (shown in red) to
any of G1, GA, GL, GS, RA4, GC or
a basic flat curve (@ Cd = 0.500).

Show Base Profile:

displays a guide base curve (shown
in blue); any of G1, GA, GL, GS or
GC.

Page 46
Vertical Stringing
The Vertical Stringing applet calculates the zero range and changes in POI for
corresponding variations in Muzzle Velocity and at a constant Barrel Angle.
Textboxes for Sight Height, Zero Range,
Ballistic Coefficient, Muzzle Velocity and
Drag Law are initially filled from the current
setup.
The Variation textbox contains the expected
(observed) variation in Muzzle Velocity.
The Barrel angle refers to the angle that
exists between the Line of Departure (LoD)
and the Line of Sight (LoS) for the Sight
Height, Zero Range, Ballistic Coefficient and
Muzzle Velocity parameters above.
The display area shows variation in Muzzle Velocity and the resulting changes in Zero
Range (ZR), Point of Impact (POI) or the corresponding correction in MoA, clicks (at the
current C/MoA setting) and Mil-Dots if a mil-dot scope has been selected.
The 'Absolute Values' and 'Relative to mean MV' buttons give a choice as to how the data
is to be presented and the POI, MOA, Click, mrad (milliradians) and Mil-dot buttons
buttons allow the displayed parameter to be changed.
Right-clicking on the display area raises a popup menu giving options to print the table to
an attached printer, to save the table as a .CSV file and to set the table step size.
The applet is closed by clicking on the 'Close' button.

Ballistics Table Column Selector

Select which Ballistic Table columns appear for

display, printing and .CSV storage.
Use the Select ALL, Default and Select NONE
buttons and click on individual check boxes to
select the appropriate columns. The Close
button accepts the current checked items and
the Cancel button abandons any changes.

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Metric / Imperial conversions

A simple applet for converting between Imperial and

Metric units for:
Weight (Mass), Energy, Velocity, Length, Volume,
Pressure and Temperature.
Edit the value in one paired frame and press the
Enter key to display the Metric/Imperial equivalent in
the corresponding text box.

Clicking on the 'OK' button closes the applet.

Reticle Calibration

The Calibration Magnification is that

magnification at which the reticle is
correct to its design parameters.
To use the applet; position a suitable
ruler at a measured distance (Target
Range) and view it through the scope.
Jot down the magnification setting on
the scopes zoom ring (Indicated
Magnification) and record the apparent
vertical distance that equals the height
of the (orange) section shown (Target
Height).

Enter the Indicated Magnification. Target

Range and the Target Height into the
applet to have the applet calculate the
Calibration Magnification.

The radio-buttons can be used to alternate between a square and circular target as
preferred. Click on the OK button to accept the value or on the Cancel button to reject
and close the applet.

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Energy Calculator

Using the radio-buttons on the left-

hand edge, select the value to be
calculated. The image shows that, in
this case, Kinetic Energy is to be
calculated from the weight and
velocity values input into the
respective textboxes.
The righthand panel shows the
equation being used.
The 'Close' button hides the applet.

Gyro Coefficient Calculator

The Gyro Coefficient Calculator empirically

determines a value for the Cg coefficient.
True only for the projectile/barrel combination
under consideration, it is used to determine the
vertical gyroscopic/aerodynamic lift experienced
by a rotating projectile when subject to a
transverse disturbance - a side wind.
Values for Muzzle Velocity and BC/ballistic profile
are copied from the main application but all values
can be adjusted as necessary.
Setup a target at some (long) but convenient
measured range and, under zero-wind conditions,
zero on a defined point (POA in the diagram). At a
later time/date - when there is a perceived cross-
wind - shoot again at the POA mark. Depending
on the wind direction, the POI will be seen to have
not only drifted sideways but vertically too.
Measure the vertical and horizontal drifts and
enter them into the applet together with the wind
direction (left or right) and the rifling direction
(RightHand or Lefthand). The diagram should
reflect the physical target and the resulting Gyro
Coefficient calculated.
As a guide, waisted airgun pellets will normally have a Cg positive of between 1.0 and 3.0
depending on calibre, aerodynamics, etc., whereas bullets (or bullet-shaped pellets) will
have a negative Cg value. Solid or lathe-turned projectiles will probably have Cg = 0.0
since their centre of gravity and centre of area coincide.

Click the 'OK' button to accept or the 'Cancel' button to reject the calculated value.

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Laser Details Applet

The Laser Details applet is where the laser details

are entered.
Laser Height can be anything between -12.0 and
12.0 Inches and referenced (via the adjacent
radio-buttons) to either the line-of-sight or the
barrel bore.
Similarly, the Laser Zero can be referenced to the
line-of-sight (i.e., the range at which the laser line
crosses the line-of-sight) or to some range on the
trajectory.

Check-boxes are provided to toggle the laser line (on the POI graph) on/off and to indicate
the kill zone surrounding the laser line. Note that the 'Show Laser Kill zone' check-box is
only available when the laser line is toggled on ... and that the kill zone depicted is the
same height as the kill zone of the main application.
Clicking the 'OK' button accepts any changes to the laser setup whereas clicking the
'Cancel' button rejects them.

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Validate Applet
Trajectory Validation is the process of comparing
the calculated trajectory (based on user input) to
the real-world trajectory.
Only two inputs are required:
Target Range: (Yard or metre via the drop-down
menu). This should be greater than the far zero
(1.5 times or more). When a Target Range has
been entered, the value in the second textbox -
Point-Of-Impact - will change according to the
entered Target range and the pre-calculated
trajectory. The Point-of-Impact can be expressed
in a number of equivalent ways depending on
the selection from the drop-down menu, i.e.,
Inch, cm, MoA, Click, Mil, mil/10 and mil/20.

For example; if the POI at 55 Yards was

measured to -3.25 Inches instead of the -3.50
Inches predicted by the main application then,
on entering the new value into the POI text-box,
alternative parameter variations appear on the
four buttons. i.e, the Muzzle Velocity would have
had to have been 808.5 Ft/s instead of the 783.0
Ft/s originally entered or the Zero Range was
36.8 Yards instead of 35.0 Yards or the Ballistic
Coefficient was really 0.0249 instead of 0.021 or
the effective Sight Height was 2.18 Inches rather
than the 1.75 Inches originally entered.

Apply a little logic - suspect the values that were assumed/estimated rather than measured
- and click on whichever button corrects the most likely source of error to substitute that
value in the main application. Clicking on the 'Close' button closes the applet without
changing anything.

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Wind Profile

The applied wind profile is selected by clicking

either:
a) the 'All Ranges' radio button which sets the
selected wind speed and angle over the whole
of the trajectory or,
b) the wind speed at various ranges as defined
by a wind profile (.wpro) file. Six steps of
Range/WindSpeed/angle are provided.

Note that a default wind profile file

(default.wpro) has been provided.

The range units (Yards/metres) can be

selected with the combo-box at the foot of the
Range column and the WindSpeed unit (MPH,
Ft/s, km/h, m/s and Knots) selected from the
appropriate combo-box.

The 'Cancel' button discards any changes

made whereas the 'OK' button saves any
changes to the wind profile to the currently
selected wind profile (.wpro) file.

File menu options allow the wind profile to be

saved (Save Wind Profile), saved under a new
name (Save Wind Profile As ...) or an existing
wind profile file retrieved (Open Wind Profile).

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Glossary

Apogee
The highest point in the pellet's/bullet's trajectory. Sometimes known as the Zenith
or Peak.
Ballistic Coefficient (BC)
A measure of aerodynamic efficiency. Primarily varying with the projectiles
sectional density, the BC value is altered to some extent by its shape (or form).
BC = w/(FF * d)
where:
BC = Ballistic Coefficient (Lbf/in),
W = Projectile weight (Lb),
d = Projectile diameter (inch), and
FF = Form Factor = Cd.proj/Cd.ref
where:
Cd.proj is the actual Drag Coefficient of the projectile at some given velocity and
Cd.ref is the Drag Coefficient of a reference projectile at the same velocity.
The units of the Ballistic Coefficient are the same as Sectional Density (Lbf/in aka
psi) although these are rarely stated explicitly.
Ballistic Profile (Drag Law)
The characteristic curve of Drag Coefficient v. Velocity for a particular projectile
form. For various reasons, the G1 profile is generally used for comparison
purposes although assuming G1 for every projectile shape may not give optimised
results.
Drag Coefficient (Cd)
The Drag Coefficient is a dimensionless quantity that is used to quantify the drag
or resistance of an object in a fluid environment - air in the case of External
Ballistics. Se Ballistic Profile above.
Exterior Ballistics
The study of the projectile in flight between muzzle and target.
Gyro Coefficient (Cg)
An empirical constant (on an individual projectile/barrel basis) used to quantify
vertical lift resulting from a cross-wind. The sign of this value is also used to
determine the sign of the gyroscopic/aerodynamic spin-drift. Positive Cg values
suggest that projectiles drift to the left, negative Cg suggests drift to the right -
assuming a right-hand rifling twist.
Interior Ballistics
The study of the projectile while still restrained by the barrel.
Line of Sight (LOS)
The imaginary line between the shooter's eye and target (POA).

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Line of Departure (LOD)
The imaginary line (corresponding to the bore centre) along which a projectile first
emerges from the muzzle.
Muzzle Velocity (MV)
The velocity of a projectile (pellet, bullet or arrow) as it emerges from the muzzle.
Measured as Feet per second (Ft/s) or Metres per second (m/s).
Sight Height (SH)
The sight height is the distance between the line-of-sight and the line-of-departure
measured at the muzzle, i.e., where the trajectory begins.
Terminal Ballistics
The study of the projectile after it has hit the target.
Trajectory
The arc of a projectile through the air from muzzle to target.
Spin drift
The tendency for a spinning projectile - in still air - to deviate laterally from the line
of departure. The magnitude depends on the projectile's dynamic/gyroscopic
stability, spin-rate, range and other esoteric factors and the direction on the sign of
the Gyro Coefficient (above).
Point Of Aim (POA)
The intended impact point on a target.
Point Of Impact (POI)
The point on the target where the pellet/bullet strikes or, in this context, the vertical
distance between the point of impact and the point of aim.
Wind drift
The tendency for a projectile to drift laterally at range under the influence of a
disturbing wind force.
Zero(ed) Range (ZR)
The point at which the pellet/bullet/arrow crosses the Line of Sight. In most cases
there will be two such points; confusingly, the furthest from the muzzle is usually
called the Primary Zeroed Range whilst the nearer point is often called the
Secondary Zeroed Range. If there is only one point then this, by definition,
corresponds to the point where the Apogee (above) is zero (i.e., the trajectory lies
on the LOS).

________________________________________________________________________
Hawke is a registered trademark. Deben Group Industries Ltd, 2012 - 2017

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