Name : I Gusti Agung Prajna

Class : 6C

Nim : 1412021066

The Effect of Mobile Assisted Language Learning On Vocabulary Achievement:

Duolingo research

Abstract

This article try to exploring an idea to use a Duolingo as the instrument of learning as
MALL.and this type of application have a concern to improve vocabulary mastery
and could be be compliment instrument enhance Vocabulary achievement ,and as my
concern in Mobile assisted language I choose the Duolingo Mobile Version 3.48.0 (
the most stable Duolingo version nowadays) to improve vocabulary achievement in
class, this research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of application one of the
MALL , that is Duolingo for Senior High school, this research was design with
Posttest and Pretest in one class with sample population,
English is the one from many important languages around the world Furthermore, to
have acquire English that involves four language skills i.e. listening, speaking,
reading, and writing. However, being able to master the skills, the students need
vocabulary. (McCarthy ,1990) because no matter how good you are in the writing
skill, speaking, even reading, without vocabulary skill you cant express any idea in
your head. With his changing times and there are technological developments that are
already up-to-date, it is not difficult to learn English, because today the internet has
become an important commodity, and the things that make education increasingly
developed with the Invention of MALL (mobile assisted language), and the teacher
can provide the interesting media in order to develop the students activity in learning
vocabulary.

Introduction

According to the From Ogata and Yano Journal with the titles Knowledge awareness
map for computer-supported ubiquitous language-learning has stated about the
characteristic of mobile assisted language
The main characteristics of mobile learning, such as permanency, accessibility,
immediacy, interactivity, (Ogata, 2010, p. 6)
While definition differ from Mike Sharples (2009) in his journal with the title Mobile
learning: Small Devices, Big Issues learning is
process of coming to know through conversations across multiple contexts among
people and personal interactive technologies The technology to assist in this
process includes any kind of handheld mobile devices such as cell phones, personal
digital assistants (PDAs), smartphones, pads, pods, etc.

One of famous MALL program is Duolingo that application that can be use in the
learning in the global communication world, (Jaskova 2014:15) defines Duolingo is
seen as a future in learning languages and in global communication. Students work
with the program and get a chance to explore all the skills in English. Although the
content of the software is not suited to the students cultural background because
there some aspect of the language that cant be understood in some contex, it engages
students in a very interesting way that can motivate them. Based on the arguments
above, this research is aimed at finding out whether the use of Duolingo Application
can improve students vocabulary achievement. The deceiving Duolinggo application
its expected to solve the problems and it can help students and teachers in the
learning process, especially vocabulary. This research is also expected to find out
how is the implementation of teaching vocabulary through Duolingo application.

Duolingo, Definition, and Feature of application:

Duolingo is a free app created by Luis Von Ahn and Severin Hacker in November
2011. Its slogan is Free language education for the world. According to its website,
it has more than 30 million registered users. It offers several languages for English
speakers as well as others for non-English speakers. And Duolingo application has
two version, there is Desktop version for Using computer assisted language , and
Mobile version that I want to use for Mobile Assisted language

Purpose of the Study and Research Questions

In particular, this study aims to investigate and find the effectiveness of Duolinggo
Application on vocabulary learning. It addresses the following research questions:
1. What is the overall effectiveness of using Duolingo application on vocabulary
learning?
2. To determine variables influence the effects of Duolingo application vocabulary
learning.

Learning Vocabulary:
Kennedy and Levy in their journal with a title L'italiano al telefonino (2008) has been
done a research Using SMS to support beginners' language learning to give learners
the option to receive messages covering known words in new contexts through SMS
to their mobile phones amounting nine or ten messages per week. The results
indicated that the messages were very helpful for learning vocabulary here are other
strategies for learning vocabulary via mobile phones. Learners can be provided with
some interesting vocabulary practices based on activities performed in the classroom.
They are, then, asked to complete them on their mobile phones and send them back to
their instructors. From some strategy to learn vocabulary with mobile assisted
language Duolingo has some advantage in feature of observation a progress of the
learner by check on the level of the learner on the leaderboard, and after they reach
the certain level we can give them some quiz or testimony about Duolingo app, so
basically from Doulingo we can see the surface progress of the student.

MALL in vocabulary learning.

Vocabulary is the one of English basic skill that can use Mall as the instrument of the
learner, and there are some study who concern about that learning vocabulary use
MALL as instrument, there is (e.g., Hassan Saleh Mahdi , 2017; Tzu-Ying Liu,
2016;Nadia R. Granados, 2017; Fang ChuanOu-Yang and Wen-Chi Vivian Wu,
2012, )and all the result of that research show the positive significant score toward the
MALL ,thats because some of Mall application made a space repetition through the
study, that believed more effective in vocabulary study.
Hassan Saleh Mahdi (2017) made a comparative study the meta-analysis about the
effectiveness the MALL strategy toward the Vocabulary learning
Tzu-Ying Liu (2017) study about promoting MALL in the adult learner to investigate
the attitude adult learner toward the MALL and effectiveness in higher education.
And Nadia Granados (2017) conduct the comparative research about the bilingual
student who use MALL as the instrument of the learner and compare to student use
foreign language, and from all the study that I found, all of the study found that
MALL has beneficial thing in learning foreign language.
Fang ChuanOu-Yang and Wen-Chi Vivian Wu (2012) conduct a research of one
application MyEVA that has based of Linux Javamagz operating system that we
called android now, My Eva is the software where the student that could be learn the
English with some flashcard that existed in database, from how you pronounce, the
meaning of word in English , and Cantonese with picture.

Disadvantages of Duolingo
However there is some disadvantage of mobile E-learning, there is lack of feedback
or learning on E-learning, not comfortable for some people Potentially more
frustration, anxiety, and confusion Higher cost of buying the hardware facilities.

Method

For the method, I will conduct one Group pretest-post test, to prove the effectiveness
of Duolingo in vocabulary achievement. This research was conducted in eight
meetings for four week. And instruction of the method can be shown as follow:
P1X P2
In Which:
X: The treatment that will be given.
P1: Pretest (before treatment)
P2: Posttest (after treatment)
The test was conduct to determine the quality of the instrument of research. In second
meeting the researcher conducting the pretest to get to know the achievement of
vocabulary before giving the treatment, the test was consisted by 25 multiple choice.
And the time allotment of pretest is 50 minute. In the third meeting, and in the forth
till eight meeting, the researcher will give the treatment of Duolingo application as
the game material. And in the last meeting, there will be post test with a different test
but same form of the test that is multiple choices.

In order gathered data, then I have many steps, determined the data and sample, try to
look at some journal and look some material and data that can be used, conducting
pretest, conducting treatment, and then continue to the posttest, and analyze data.

The researcher use t-test to prove, weather there some significant improvement after
Duolingo Treatment, the researcher use repeated T-test using SPSS that before and
after test conduct.
The criteria are shown as follow: H0: theres indicate theres no significant
improvement between pre-test and post-test.the criteria Null hypothesis if alpha is
more than 0 , so the hypothesis will be accepted as no significant result.
H1: there significant improvement score after getting treatment of Duolingo. The
criteria H1 is accepted if alpha level is lower than 0.05.

Finding
And after doing some research about student attitude toward mobile e-learning, they
have more positive attitude toward English lesson, and because perceived usefulness
of the internet, they have a lot of time to create their own learning style without time
limitation
After make the comparison between two journals, synthesis between these two
journals about Mobile Assisted Learning Language, I can conclude the Mobile
Assisted Learning Language or we can call MALL its, its about deceiving potency
of mobile phone to access as the learning instrument in the language learning, from
this journals I can say MALL could developed well in with TAM to develop mobile
E-learning to make the learning very flexible .

Conclusion
after conducting research about Mall, we could prove the study to utilize mobile
media as the part of classroom study , when Duolingo is the part of it, the
controversial of this study happen when some of the school try to banned the smart
phone from the student, we could see from the two side of aspect, negative aspect
when the student use mobile phone for another activity out from the learning process,
and positive aspect when we could use Duolingo as the part of learning process , that
could learning process to be more powerful , not stiff , and engage some of positive
review from the student, and we cant deny in this Millennial era, the knowledge its
easy to reach, very mobile , and we cant stay in the conventional way to teach the
student, and all I can say, mobile media could be potential thing that could be use in
learning activity.

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