English IV Lesson 2.

English Level 4
Lesson 2.2
Activities

Actividad de prctica 2.2: IF YOU PLAY WITH FIRE

Esta es una leccin muy importante, por lo que debes considerar que en la leccin uno
repasamos algunas notas gramticas del condicional cero se utiliza para expresar hechos o
situaciones que siempre se cumplen, es decir, para expresar verdades universales.
Si llueve la carretera se moja.

PARA QU SIRVE?
Utilizamos las condicionales para indicar una condicin y un resultado y por lo tanto
consiste en dos frases, la principal y la que indica la condicin.
Este tipo de frases se utilizan para hablar de situaciones que siempre tienen lugar.

CMO SE FORMA?
AFIRMATIVA: La condicional cero se forma con el Presente Simple en la 'if-clause' y en la
'main clause'.
[IF... + PRESENT SIMPLE] + [PRESENT SIMPLE]
Si llueve la carretera se moja.
If it rains, the road gets wet.

* En este caso indicamos algo que siempre ocurre, es decir, una verdad universal.
Tambin se puede utilizar junto a un imperativo. Ve los ejemplos:
Si llueve no cojas el coche.
If it rains, dont use the car.

NEGATIVA: Para hacer una condicional negativa podemos utilizar dos estructuras
diferentes. La primera sera negando los verbos normalmente.
 Si no llueve la carretera no se moja.
If it doesn't rain, the road doesnt get wet.

Sin embargo, tambin podemos utilizar 'unless' seguido del verbo en afirmativa,
manteniendo el mismo significado.
A menos que llueva, la carretera no se moja.
Unless it rains, the road doesnt get wet.

QU DEBO RECORDAR?
ORDEN: Recuerda que estas dos frases pueden intercambiarse el orden, es decir, que
podemos tambin encontrar la 'main-clause' primero y luego la 'if-clause'.

If it rains, the road gets wet.

The road gets wet if it rains.

*1 Cuando la 'if-clause' est delante separamos las frases con una coma, de lo contrario
no es necesario.

Actividad 1 : Write examples using zero conditionals:

For example:

(Not / rain / the flowers / die)- If it doesnt rain, the flowers die.

1. (I / wake up late / I / be late for work)

_________If I wake up late, Im be late for work___________________________________

2. (My husband / cook / he / burn the food)

____________If my husband cooks, he burns the food__________________________________

3. (Julie / not wear a hat / she / get sunstroke)

_________If Julie doesn't wear a hat, she gets sunstroke_____________________________

4. (children / not eat well / they / not be healthy)

__________If children don't eat well, they aren't healthy____________________________

5. (You / mix water and electricity / you / get a shock)

_________If you mix water and electricity, you get a shock______________________________

6. (people / eat / too many sweets / they / get fat)

___________If people eat too many sweets, they get fat______________________________

7. (You / smoke / you / get yellow fingers)

___________If you smoke, you get yellow fingers_____________________________________

8. (Children / play outside / they / not get overweight)

_________If children play outside, they dont get overweight__________________________

9. (You / heat ice / it / melt)

_____________If you heat ice, it melts______________________________________________

10. (I / speak to John / he / get annoyed)

___________If I speak to John, he gets annoyed_____________________________________

1st conditional : Se forma con if + simple present + simple future.

Se emplea cuando una situacin es real o posible.

If it rains today, I'll stay at home.

Aqu tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos.

If clause Main clause

If + Present tense will / can / may / must + verb

If it rains today, I'll stay at home

 If it rains today, I'll stay at home.
Si llueve hoy, me quedar en casa.
If he is busy now, I will come back tomorrow.
Si est ocupado ahora, regresar maana.
If I have time, I'll visit my parents this afternoon.
Si tengo tiempo, visitar a mis padres esta tarde
If it is warm tomorrow, we'll go to the beach.
Si est caluroso maana, iremos a la playa.
If it is cold, you must wear warm clothes.
Si est fro, debes usar ropa abrigada.
If he doesn't do his homework, he can not go to the party.
Si l no hace su tarea, no puede ir a la fiesta.
If she doesn't call you, you can call her.
Si ella no te llama, t puedes llamarla.
If you work hard, you may become a millionaire someday.
Si trabajas duro, puede que te conviertas en un millonario algn da.

Actividad 2:
Complete the sentences using the first conditional structure.

1) If I _________go______ (go) out tonight, I ____ll go___________ (go) to the cinema.

2) If you _________get__________ (get) back late, I_______II be_____________(be) angry.

3) If we_____dont see____(not/see) each other tomorrow, we______II see______(see) each

other next week.

4) If he ___________comes_________ (come) , I __________II be____________ (be) surprised.

5) If we ____________wait__________ (wait) here, we_______II be____________ (be) late.

6) If we _________go_______________ (go) on holiday this summer, we _____II go_______(go)

to Spain.

7) If the weather ____doesnt improve___(not/improve), we _____doesn't have ______(not/have)

a picnic.

8) They ______ go _________(go) to the party if they_______ II be ____________(be) invited.

9) If I _________ dont go ___________(not/go) to bed early, I ______ 'll be __________ (be)

tired tomorrow.
 10) If we _________ eat _______(eat) all this cake, we _________ 'll feel _______________(feel)
sick .

2nd conditional : Refiere a una situacin hipottica y se forma segn la estructura if + simple
past + simple condicional. Aqu tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos.

If clause Main clause

If + Past Simple would / could / might + verb

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world.

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world.

Si ganara la lotera, viajara por todo el mundo.
If I were in Brazil, I would go to Rio de Janeiro.
Si yo estuviese en Brasil, ira a Ro de Janeiro.
If I were you, I would buy that car.
Si yo fuese t, comprara ese auto.
If he were in my place, he wouldn't do this.
Si l estuviese en mi lugar, no hara esto.
If I had more money, I would buy a nice apartment.
Si yo tuviese ms dinero, me comprara un lindo apartamento.
If she had more time, she would travel more often.
Si ella tuviera ms tiempo, viajara ms a menudo.
If it were not raining, we could go out.
Si no estuviese lloviendo, podramos salir.
If we didn't have to work today, we could have a picnic.
Si no tuvisemos que trabajar hoy, podramos tener un picnic.
Actividad 3: Answer the following exercise with the 2nd conditional

1. Poor William! Complete the sentences with the correct verb. In the sentences where both
was/were are possible, use were:

didn't w atch w ouldn't be

a) If William (not/watch) so many horror films, he (not/be) scared of
the dark.

w ere w ouldn't feel

b) If William (be) braver, he (not/feel) frightened of thunder and lightning.

didn't spend w ould get

c) If William (not/spend) so much time playing video games, he (get)
better grades at school.

ate w ouldn't be
d) If William (ate) healthier food, he (not/be) ill so often.

w eren' w ouldn't miss

e) If he (not/be) ill so often, he (not/miss) so many classes.

didn't allow w ould sleep

f) If his parents (not/allow) him to drink so much coke, he (sleep)
much better.

slept w ould start

g) If William (sleep) better at night, he (start) his day with more energy.

started w ould do
h) If he (start) his day with more energy, he (do) many more things.

practiced w ould keep

i) If William (practice) a sport, he (keep) fit and healthy.