Lubomír Doležel 1972,59 defines a motifeme in the following logical form: a

motifeme (M) is a proposition predicating an act (Act) to an actant (Ant) . Hence,

M=Ant+Act. Martin & Ringham (2000,18) define an actant as

someone or something who or which accomplishes or undergoes an act.

It may be a person, anthropomorphic or zoomorphic agent, a thing or an
abstract entity. Situated on the level of narrative syntax, the term
describes a narrative function such as that of subject or object.