Introduction

This research plan conducted for Triple A Company where we need to determine the employees’
attitude in the company. If these attitudes keep ongoing in the company, it will affect the
performance of the company in a short term period. Thus, we need to come out with the research
plan in order to identify the company’s problems where data can be gathered and analyzed to
arrive at a solution for the problem that affects the performance of the company. Therefore, we
propose a research plan to discover the factors that influence employees’ attitude in the company
where it can help the company to find a solution to solve them.

From other research show that job attractiveness and job satisfaction were found to be the factor
that influence employees’ attitude at workplace. The employees’ attitude was influence by their
attractiveness on their current job which depending on how their hard work been pays off and
how well the organizations treat them so that they feel valuable in the organization. Job
satisfaction also affects the general attitude of an employee where the dispositional factor or
characters of the employees themselves influence their positive or negative attitude towards their
job. Therefore, we will see whether this two variable affect the Triple A Company.

There previous research found that job factors such as stress, pay, work environment and the
workload have contributed most towards job performance among the employees. The researcher
defines stress as a bad feeling that related to emotions of fear, anxiety, anger, sadness and grief.
As in Triple A Company, the stress that they face on the job might be due to the communication
or argument with the colleagues, workload or lack of motivation from the superior. Salary is a
strong objective why employees want to work. There is positive relationship between salary and
the performance of an employee at the workplace. For the employees, the fairness in the payment
of salary is an important issue for every employee in an organization.

Research design is a fundamental step for the collection, measurement and analysis of data for
the problems research. In this step we need to take the appropriate method that we could use to
obtain the information. There are two types of method that could be used which are qualitative or
quantitative method. Qualitative method is the usage of observation or individual interview as
the data collection method while quantitative method is methods where it will be conducted by
using numerical analysis which is obtain by using the survey or questionnaires. Since this
research aimed to collect data regarding the factor that influence the employees’ attitude in
Triple A Company, thus we can use both quantitative and qualitative method for this research.

Sampling Design

In this research, survey research will be used as it can provide an accurate and efficient data
where it can describe the employees’ thought, opinion and feelings. Sampling is one of the
elements in research design. Sampling is the process of selecting a sufficient number of the right
elements from the population in order to understand the characteristics of the populations. The
determination of the sample frame is also important where Triple A need to consider the how
large number of employees in the company. The company needs to choose the right sample in
order to meet with objective of the research. Thus, in Triple A Company we need to define the
total number of employees, the number of department, the number of employees in every
department and so on where this information are useful to do the sampling process. The
employees in the company will be the target population and some of the employees of Triple A
Company will be selected to be the respondents of the research for the sampling process.
However, there are two different ways of sampling design which are probability sampling and
nonprobability sampling. Probability sampling also known as random sampling where the
population in the company will has an equal chance to be the sample. While for the
nonprobability sampling is a technique which the population does not have the chance of being
chosen as the sample subjects. As for Triple A, we will use the probability sampling since the
population of the research is the employees whom we need to know their behavior because every
employee has different attitude and the reason behind their own attitude at workplace. Thus, we
will randomly pick half of the employees from every department to be the sample of the
research.

Instrument for data collection

As we have chosen both qualitative and quantitative research method, we will use the surveys
and observations to collect data from the employees. Survey is a method of collecting
information from the target employees to describe, compare and explain their knowledge,
attitudes and behavior. Questionnaire instrument will be used as it is a strategy that commonly
used to access the problem when the purpose is to measure the attitude of the respondents or
employees. It is a written set of questions which use to record the employees answers. This
method was said to be cost effective, save time and data can easily be obtained in short time
period. The questionnaires will be developed base on the problem or issue that need to be
clarified from the employees of the company. It need to through various stages of development
which are determining the content, the form of response, wording and the sequences of the
questionnaires. The questionnaires need to be developed with full of content and suitable with
the purpose of the research.

First of all, the questionnaire will consist of the demographic details of the employee. This detail
will explore the gender, marital status, age, job performance, position in the company and
qualification. On the next section, the questionnaire will be related to the job attractiveness and
job satisfaction of the employees. We will measure the job attractiveness by the salary payout to
the employee is reasonable, fringe benefit which can benefits the employee and family and also
the working environment. Other than that, it also will be measure by recognition of employees’
achievement, the opportunities to be promoted and responsibility that put on the employees. Job
satisfactions will be measured by the satisfactions of the employees with the job challenge,
communication with the co-workers, the pay reasonable with the workload and the cultural
factors. We need to see among of these factors, which will be the factors that contribute most to
the employees’ attitude in an organization.

The development of the questionnaire is an important process where the data is crucial to obtain
a better result. In the questionnaire, we will use the rating scale or The Likert scale to get the data
from the employees. The Likert scale will be constructed by using the 5 point scale; (1) Strongly
Disagree, (2) Disagree, (3) Not Sure, (4) Agree, (5) Strongly Agree, which is used to allow the
employees express how much they agree or disagree on the question. The rating scale is
commonly used to measure the job satisfaction where the employees will report their responses
towards their job. A variety of scales can be applied ranging from 4 to 7 which depend on the
size of the company itself. The larger scale is use because it offers a variety of behaviors or
attitude than a small scale.
In conducting the survey, the time taken to complete the survey also need to be take into
consideration where we need to estimate the time consume to complete every question in the
questionnaire. The data collection for this questionnaire is important as we need to ensure that
the data collected is accurate and from a relevant source. The data collected from the
questionnaire will reveal the factors that influence the employees’ attitude in the workplace such
as the job attractiveness, job satisfaction and job content and context. By having such
information, it will help us too find out the solution to Triple A issue.

The second instrument that we will use is observation. Observation is a method of collecting data
through actions and behavior of the employees by watching what they do and analyzing their
behavior. In this method, there are four method of observation that can be done which are
control, natural, participant or conceal observation method. We will use the participant
observation method where we will joins in and become part of the employees group in order to
get closer with them. There are two approach to use this method either cover which carries out
under cover or overt where researcher will reveal their identity and get permission to observe the
respondent. Since this research aimed to observe the attitude of the employees, thus we will use
the cover method in order to observe their actual attitude. In this method, data can be collected
by recording what have been observed and records of informal conversations with the target
employee.

Survey Method

As the survey method is use in this research, the responses from the employees are important for
the process of collecting the data. In order to ensure the rate of response for the survey is high,
there are a few approaches that can be used to distribute the questionnaire to the targeted
employees which are internet-based survey where we will send the softcopy of questionnaire or
used a paper questionnaire and handover them to every employee. However, the most effective
method is the internet-based survey where the questionnaire can be distributed and collected
through email to the targeted employees. Apart from that, this kind of method also offers a fast
response, lower cost and easy to be administered. In this method, we will distribute the
questionnaire by sending the questionnaire for the employees to answer and submitted the survey
through online. By doing this way, it can ensure the confidentiality of respondents and their
feedback results where it will make the employees comfortable to answer the questionnaire
besides to ensure that the results are genuine. As for observation, we will involve one observer
being the employee of the company which will collect the data. We will be undercover and the
identity of the observer will not be revealed to the employees of the company so that the
information that obtains from the employees will be reliable.

Data Analysis

The analysis of data for both quantitative and qualitative method is different. As for quantitative
method, after the data obtained from the questionnaire the data need to be coded, keyed in in the
database and edited. In order to sort out the relevant data from the questionnaire, data reduction
procedure will be used to collect the data from the surveys that will be done. We can use the
SPPS (Statistical Package for Social Science) software to code and analyze the data collected
from the questionnaire. The validity and reliability are needed to evaluate the error or mistake in
the measurement. Validity test is an important testing to measure the reliability of the data while
reliability test is one of the tests that allow the respondent to answer questions the same in the
same way each time. It will be measured using the Cronach’s coefficient alpha. The Cronach’s
alpha value of 0.70 and above indicates that the data are reliable to be used. Meanwhile, for the
alpha value that less than 0.6, the reliability value are considered weak and the data are not
reliable to be used.

There are several tools that can be use in data analysis which are descriptive analysis and
hypothesis testing. For descriptive analysis, the data analysis is a technique that sensibly
requesting them with the goal that questions can be raised and replied. The least difficult type of
representing is the Frequency Distribution or Tabulation. Other general kind of summary of a
frequency distribution incorporates measures of scattering, for example, the standard deviation
and the coefficient of variety. For the second tools which is a hypothesis testing, it is generated
and tested from the hypothetical system which created with the help of ideas extricated from the
literature review.
Since we will use internet-based survey where the questionnaires are distributed through email,
the data collection is the same as if we use the paper questionnaire. After received all the
response from the employee, we will manually transfer the response from the questionnaires into
the spreadsheet. Once the data has been entered into the spreadsheet, checking is an important
step to ensure the accuracy of the data. After the necessary checking has been done, the data can
be compiled and presented by using graph, pie chart or tables.

As for observation, as we will participate as the employee in the company, we will observing the
employee in their everyday lives, listening and talk to them about what are they thinking and
analyze on their work. Utilizing unstructured and adaptable techniques, an observer can acquire
the insider’s point of view and definition of the situation in a rich manner. The flexibility of
qualitative research is the most critical incentive since it can be altered effectively and making it
particularly suitable for studying real life situation.

Summary

Workers are expected to portray good attitude to their customers both within and outside the
organization. Attitude towards work has a significant importance on organizational development,
because of this; poor attitude has been and is still a source of concern to owners, regulators,
customers and some co-workers. Consequently, in a professional work setting, poor attitude can
affect everyone and cause conflicts among workers. In some instances, poor attitude might be
ignored by most of the workers and a good worker with a slight poor attitude does not affect the
corporation. Worker regardless of his discipline, have a moral attitude to play in an organization.

Poor attitude to work might include laziness, rudeness, tardiness, rumor mongering or any other
activity or behavior that deter the overall organizational goals and objectives. Hence poor
attitude can have a detriment effect on work, causing workers to become apathetic and
despondent which would result to occurrence of mistakes more often, and output would likely to
be down. Most at times, group of workers can cause poor attitude to work by underlying for
general discontent. Furthermore, involvement of human beings in running the affairs of any
formal corporation is significant, many writers have highlighted that workers are one of the
primary element aspect that promote organizational effectiveness.
Therefore, by having these research design, management can systematically determine on how
their employee attitudes in the workplace and also can determine whether they could continue
with their business or not.

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Sarasvathy Munisamy, Identifying Factors That Influences Job Performance Amongst

Employees In Oil Palm Plantation, 2013

Marijn Van Ijsel Smits, Coping With The Challenge Of An Ageing Workforce? Don’t Worry,
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Uma Sekaran And Roger Bougie, Research Methods For Business 6th Edition, 2013