Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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0 Ron Blank & Associates, Inc. is a registered provider with The American Institute of
Architects Continuing Education System. Credit earned upon completion of this program
will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion are
available for all course participants upon completion of the course conclusion quiz with
+80%.
Please view the following slide for more information on Certificates of Completion through
RBA.
0 This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As
such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or
endorsement by the AIA or Ron Blank & Associates, Inc. of any material of construction or
any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or
product.
An American Institute of Architects (AIA)
Continuing Education Program
0 Course Format: This is a structured, web-based course with a final exam
0 Course Credit: 1 AIA Health Safety & Welfare (HSW) CE Hour
0 Completion Certificate: A confirmation is sent to you by email and you can print one upon
successful completion of a course or from your RonBlank.com transcript. If you have any
difficulties printing or receiving your Certificate please send requests to:
certificate@ronblank.com
0 Usage, length and how you exit the ladder determine what options are
required to meet code (cages, walk-thru, overshoot, etc…).
STAIRWAY
Disappearing Stairway:
0 An inclined climbing system that disappears into the ceiling when not in
use.
Ladders and Stairways
Typical Applications
0 Schools
0 Banks
0 Restaurants
0 Sports arenas
0 Churches
0 Drug stores
0 Government buildings
0 Hospitals
0 Laboratories
0 Libraries
0 Museums
0 Better residences
0 Airport control towers
0 Retail stores
Three Types of Fixed Vertical Ladders
0 Hatch Access =
Exiting through a
Hatch
Typically the most narrow and can be equipped with hand-hold devices
(i.e. safety post) to aid the climber entering and exiting the opening (roof
hatch, floor door, sewer, etc…).
Fixed Vertical Ladders with
Walk-thrus for Roof Access
0 A Walk-thru can also be called a
roof-over or side rail extension.
Typically the most narrow and can be equipped with hand-hold devices
(i.e. safety post) to aid the climber entering and exiting the opening (roof
hatch, floor door, etc…).
Crossover Ships Ladders
This option is used when the climber exits the ladder straight ahead
between the rails.
Alternating Tread (Ships) Ladders
0 OSHA and ANSI code are similar. The more stringent code element in
each is used as a guideline in this presentation.
0 OSHA refers to ANSI but alters its version of the code.
0 Best Practice: Select manufacturers that choose to build to the more
strict of the two codes in all cases and will inform you when your ladder
can not comply with one or the other.
0 Some states may have special code requirements (example: Minnesota
Section 306.5 [Roof Equipment Access] – no vertical ladders, spiral
stairs, or half tread ships ladders. (alternating tread devices)
Manufactures will advise you on exact requirements.
Three Areas of Angle
Loading Requirements:
0 Live Load per Rung
0 250 lbs. (ANSI)
0 Note: Industry standard is +/- 1000 lbs.
Fixed Vertical Ladders
Width of Step:
0 16” min clear width between side rails.
16” min
Fixed Vertical Ladders
7”
MIN
Climber Clearance:
0 Clear Width – 15” left and right
of the center line of the ladder
except when cages are
required.
From the center line of the rung to the nearest object shall be 30” on
vertical ladders, 36” at a pitch of 76°, and on all others a proportional
distance determined by the slope. (24” with deflector plate)
2’ - 6”
7”
min
Fixed Vertical Ladders
Treads:
0 Fixed stairways shall
have a minimum width
of 22 inches.
22” min
1910.28(b)(11)(ii)
Each flight of stairs having at least 3 treads and at least 4 risers is equipped with stair rail systems and handrails as follows:
Table D-2 -- Stairway Handrail Requirements
Stair Rail =
42” minimum
Handrail = 42”
min 38”
38” maximum max
Applicable Code for
Disappearing Stairways
Tread Depth:
0 3” minimum residential
0 5” minimum commercial
Tread Width:
0 11” minimum residential
0 15” minimum commercial
Disappearing Stairways
Load Rating:
0 200-350 pounds residential
0 500 pounds commercial
300 pound residential
500 pound commercial
Angle:
0 All disappearing climbing
devices must be 66 degrees
or less from the horizontal.
Manual Disappearing Stairways
(Folding)
Can be installed in various
types of ceiling assemblies.
0 Truss ceilings
0 Suspended ceilings
Frame Types:
0 Box
0 Deep Box
0 Deep Angle
Check with
manufacturer
sizing.
Manual Disappearing Stairways
0 Fire-Rated
0 Non-Rated
0 Placement
0 Roof access (with hatch)
0 Attic access
0 Through ceilings to other level,
including fire-rated ceilings
0 ASTM E-119:
Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and
Materials (This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials,
products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions.)
0 UBC 43-7:
0 Revised to 43-2 (Fire Test of Door Assemblies)
0 IBC:
0 406.1.4 Fire Separation (In regards to the material used to assemble)
0 711.3.2 Access Doors (Fire-Resistance Rating)
0 315.2.4 Attic (General precautions against fire)
Horizontal Fire Test of
a Disappearing Stairways
Check with
manufacturer
0 Fire-Rated Test for Fire-Rated
Unit tested in these images was installed in a complete Label
ceiling assembly.
Proliferation of
2003 / 2006 IBC
Summary
When incorporating Access Ladders & Stairways into your next project,
remember:
1. Determine which type of access ladder or stairway is needed for your
application.
2. Incorporate access ladders and stairways into the design
development phase of building.
3. Always use manufacturers who build access ladders and stairways to
OSHA, ANSI and IBC design criteria.
Course Summary