Test Report for steam turbine generator

Protection Relay 7UM62

Definite Time Over-current Protection
 Settings :

 Testing :
Sr. No. Phase Injected Phase angle Time Setting Measured
Current (msec) (msec)
(Amp) ᶲ
R 2.66 0 100 148.7
1 Y 2.66 120 100 148.7
B 2.66 240 100 148.7

Inverse-time Over-Current Protection

 Settings :

 Testing :
Sr. No. Phase Injected Phase angle Time Setting Measured
Current (sec) Time
(Amp) ᶲ (sec)
R 1.2 0 10 10.22
1 Y 1.2 120 10 10.22
B 1.2 240 10 10.22
Negative sequence Protection - 46
 Settings :

 Testing : ( Pickup )
Sr. No. Phase Injected Phase angle Sequence Status
Current currents
(Amp) ᶲ
R 1.0 0 3io = .3 A
1 Y 0.7 120 i1 = .9 A Pickup
B 1.0 240 i2 = .1 A

 Remarks : ( Pickup )
 As pickup valve was achieved ( i2 = 10 % ) there was indication of pickup on relay and after 20
sec ( warning time delay ) there was a warning message I2 > war . Thermal utilization capacity
( TUC ) was also observed on the thermal meter in measurement menu . TUC was incremented
after pickup and as it reached 100 % tripping was issued by relay.

 Testing : ( tripping )
Sr. No. Phase Injected Phase angle Sequence Trip time
Current currents msec
(Amp) ᶲ
R 1.0 0 3io = .66 A
1 Y 0.34 120 i1 = .78 A 547
B 1.0 240 i2 = .22 A

 Remarks : ( Tripping )
 Tripping was observed at set valve ( i2 = 22 % ) & at set time ( .5sec ) .
Over excitation ( U/f ) Protection - 24
 Settings :

 Testing : ( Pickup & trip )

Applied
Sr. No. Voltage Frequency U/f Pickup / trip Trip time
( VAC ) Hz ( sec )

1 63.5 45.45 1.10 Pickup Warning msg

2 63.5 42.37 1.18 Pickup 113.7
3 63.5 41.67 1.20 Trip 1.27

 Remarks :

Pickup

 Voltage was kept constant and frequency was reduced as U / f ratio was 1.10 there was
overexcitation pickup and after expiry of pickup time delay (10sec) a warning message
U/ f > war was issued by relay.

Thermal trip

 Voltage was kept constant was frequency was reduced such that U / f ratio was 1.18 and
thermal utilization capacity was observed on thermal meter as it reached 100 % in 113.7sec
trip command U / f > th.TRIP was issued by relay .

U /f >> trip

 For U / f > 1.20 fast tripping was observed & trip time accuracy was also verified.
Frequency (over/under)Protection
 Settings :

 Testing :
Applied Voltage
Sr. No. ( VAC ) Frequency Time setting Trip time
Hz ( sec ) ( sec )
1 63.5 48 3.0 2.972
2 63.5 52 3.0 3.139

Under Voltage Protection

 Settings :

 Testing :

F
Sr. No. Function Applied voltage Time setting Trip time
( sec ) ( sec )
1 U< 99 3.0 2.972
2 U << 65 0.5 .588
Over Voltage Protection
 Settings :

 Testing :
F
Sr. No. Function Applied voltage Time setting Trip time
( sec ) ( sec )
1 U> 121 3.0 2.972
2 U >> 132 0.5 .721

Sensitive Earth Fault Protection

 Settings :

 Testing :

Sr. No. Applied Voltage Applied Current Time setting Trip time
Vab , Vbc , Vca ( sec ) ( sec )
1 110 .15 2.0 2.014
 Remarks :
 Current was passed through terminals Q7 & Q8 and tripping was observed. Voltage should be
applied for testing sensitive earth fault protection.
Reverse Power Protection-32
 Settings :

 Testing : ( without Stop value Input )

Sr. No. Applied Applied Phase Reverse Time Trip

Phase voltage Current angle Power setting time
mA sec sec
R 63.5 13 180
1 Y 63.5 13 60 -1.32 % 2.0 2.01
B 63.5 13 300

 Testing : ( with Stop value Input )

Sr. No. Applied Applied Phase Reverse Time Trip

Phase voltage Current angle Power setting time
mA sec sec
R 63.5 13 180
1 Y 63.5 13 60 -1.32 % .05 sec .0499
B 63.5 13 300

 Remarks :
 First no input was assigned to stop value tripped and set point reverse power was applied.
Delayed tripping ( 2.0 sec ) was observed.
 >SV tripped was assigned BI1 and BI1 was set as low in I/O masking , now as soon as set point
reverse power was achieved fast tripping ( .05 sec ) was observed as given in above results .
 >SV tripped was assigned BI1 and BI1 was set as High. 110 Vdc was applied at F5 & F10 terminal
of the relay for BI1 high. As reverse power was applied fast tripping was verified.
 Delayed & fast tripping was confirmed.
Differential Protection-87
 Settings :

 Testing : ( minimum Pickup)

Sr. No Phase Current LSC Current NSC status Time ( msec )

mA mA
Value angle Value angle setting trip

R 0 0 70 0
1 Y 0 0 70 120 trip 0 37.80
B 0 0 70 240
R 82 0 0 0
2 Y 82 120 0 0 trip 0 41
B 82 240 0 0
 Remarks :
 Tripping was observed as current reached minimum pickup 42 A primary.

 Testing : ( High set trip)

Sr. No Phase Current LSC Current NSC status Time ( msec )

A A
Value angle Value angle setting trip

R 0 0 3 0
1 Y 0 0 3 120 trip 0 28.10
B 0 0 3 240
R 3 0 0 0
2 Y 3 120 0 0 trip 0 28.60
B 3 240 0 0

 Testing : ( differential current)

Applied Current Applied Current Status
Sr. Phase ( LSC ) ( NSC )
No Primary Secondary Angle Primary secon Angle Pickup Trip
dary
R .7 0 .58 180
1 Y 350 .7 -120 350 .58 60 No No
B .7 120 .58 300
R .7 0 .533 180
2 Y 350 .7 -120 320 .533 60 Yes No
B .7 120 .533 300
R .7 0 .523 180
3 Y 350 .7 -120 314 .523 60 Yes No
B .7 120 .523 300
R .7 0 .513 180
4 Y 350 .7 -120 308 .513 60 Yes Yes
B .7 120 .513 300 39msec

 Remarks :
 Tripping was verified as differential current became equal to minimum pickup 42 A primary as
at Tripping LSC current was 350 and NSC 308 A .
 Testing : ( Thorough fault stability)
Applied Current Applied Current Status
Sr. Phase ( LSC ) ( NSC )
No
Primary Secondary Angle Primary Secon Angle Pickup trip
dary
R 397 .794 0 397 .662 180
1 Y 1×FLA .794 -120 1×FLA .662 60 No No
B .794 120 .662 300
R 794 1.588 0 794 1.323 180
2 Y 2×FLA 1.588 -120 2×FLA 1.323 60 Yes No
B 1.588 120 1.323 300
R 1191 2.382 0 1191 1.989 180
3 Y 3×FLA 2.382 -120 3×FLA 1.989 60 Yes No
B 2.382 120 1.989 300
R 1588 3.176 0 1588 2.646 180
4 Y 4×FLA 3.176 -120 4×FLA 2.646 60 Yes No
B 3.176 120 2.646 300

 Testing : ( Slope verification)

Applied Current currents

Sr. Phase Slope Status
No LSC NSC differential restraining %

R
1 Y 1.588 1.323 0 4 0 Restrain
B
R
2 Y 1.588 1.173 .23 3.79 6 Restrain
B
R
3 Y 1.588 1.073 .38 3.62 10 Restrain
B
R
4 Y 1.588 1.063 .39 3.61 11 Restrain
B
 Remarks : ( slope verification)
 Thorough fault stability was thus verified. Up to 4×FLA there was no tripping just pickup.
 Slope setting is 15 % and restrain was verified up to 11 % of slope.
 Formula Y = mX + C can also be verified from above results , in our case of percentage
differential protection
Y = differential current
m = slope setting
X = restraining current
C = X-intercept – Value of Y at X = 0 , in differential protection as base point of slope is >0 so
and calculation is in 1st quadrant so C = 0 .


 Hence in differential relay tripping will be if differential current is greater that product of set
slope and restraining current e.g. in above test results .
Y = Id = .39
X = Ir = 3.61
M = Slope setting = 15 %
C =0
Y = m X + C = 3.61 × .15 = .514
Y (.39 ) < .514 hence no tripping .
 Using above equation differential current for tripping can be calculated for specific value of
restraining current and set slope
Y > mX + C
Hence for tripping differential current should be greater than .514 .
Loss of Excitation Protection-40
 Settings :

 Testing procedure ( impedance Method ) :

 7UM62 detects loss of excitation by susceptance method not with conventional impedance
method .But fact is that it measures voltage & current and susceptance is calculated by its
internal logic so we can use impedance method for testing loss of excitation protection .
 Settings for Loss of excitation by impedance method are given below.
 Testing : ( impedance Method )

Sr. No. Voltage Current Z

Phase V I ohms Status
ᶲ ᶲ
R 45 0 .180 100 250
1 Y 45 -120 .180 -20 250 No tripping
B 45 120 .180 220 250
R 45 0 .205 100 219
2 Y 45 -120 .205 -20 219 Char 1 trip at
B 45 120 .205 220 219 10sec
R 45 0 .187 100 240
3 Y 45 -120 .187 -20 240 Char 2 trip at
B 45 120 .187 220 240 10sec
R 45 0 .411 100 109
4 Y 45 -120 .411 -20 109 Char 3 trip at
B 45 120 .411 220 109 .5sec

 Remarks :
 For case 1 when impedance is greater than C2 and in susceptance plane below char 2 there
was no tripping .
 When impedance just enters C2 char2 is achieved.
 Char 1 is achieved same way.
 When impedance enters inner circle char 3 is obtained and fast tripping was confirmed.

 Testing procedure ( Reactive Power Capability ) :

 As loss of excitation settings are based on the reactive power capability that can be imported to
generator so by observing reactive power import ( -Q ) under-excitation settings can be verified.
 In Siemens susceptance method abscissa equals to Q / V2 . which is equal to our set values of
susceptance for char1 , char2 & char3 .
 Hence using above Q was calculated for different characters & verified by observing –Q in the
measurement menu
  Testing : ( impedance Method )

Sr. No. Voltage Current Q

Phase V I KVAR status
ᶲ ᶲ
R 63.5 0 .285 100
1 Y 63.5 -120 .285 -20 -3208 Char 1 trip at
B 63.5 120 .285 220 10sec
R 63.5 0 .264 100
2 Y 63.5 -120 .264 -20 -2971 Char 2 trip at
B 63.5 120 .264 220 10sec
R 63.5 0 .628 100
3 Y 63.5 -120 .628 -20 -7071 Char 3 trip at
B 63.5 120 .628 220 .5sec

 Remarks :
 Tripping was observed at same value of Q as calculated by formula. For char1 inclination angle
Was also verified by increasing valve of P by varying phase angle and observing tripping at
lower value of Q .

Under-excitation Protection with Excitation

voltage supervision
 Settings :
 Testing :
Case A : supervision enabled , Voltage applied = 0

Sr. No. V I Z Status

1 45 .150 300 ohms No char entered no
tripping

Case B : Supervision enabled , Voltage applied = 0

Sr. No. V I Z Status

Char 1 entered but fast
1 45 .206 218 ohms tripping observed at
.745sec

Case B : Supervision enabled , Voltage applied = 5 > Supervision-pickup

Sr. No. V I Z Status

1 45 .206 218 ohms Char 1 entered and
tripping of char1 was
observed at 10 sec

Case B : Supervision enabled , Voltage applied = 3 < Supervision-pickup

Sr. No. V I Z Status

1 45 .206 218 ohms Char 1 entered but fast
tripping observed at
.745sec

 Remarks :
 When excitation voltage supervision was switched on – As soon as no characteristics was
achieved no tripping , but as char is entered and voltage at
TD3 ( K17 & K18 terminal) < excitation voltage supervision pickup fast tripping is achieved .
 When any char is entered & voltage > pickup tripping is obtained at trip time of that char .
Masking ( I / O ) Configuration Matrix

Power system data