Student ID No.

: _____________________

THE UNIVERSITY OF TRINIDAD & TOBAGO

ALTERNATE ASSESSMENT/EXAMINATIONS DECEMBER 2012

Course Code and Title: RESR1001 – Basic Reservoir Engineering for Technicians

Programme: Diploma in Petroleum Engineering

Date and Time: Duration: 3hrs

Read all instructions carefully before you begin this examination.

Instructions to Candidates

1. This paper has 7 pages and 4 questions.

2. You are required to answer ALL questions.
3. This exam accounts for 55% of your overall course grade.
4. You are reminded of the need for clarity of expression and logical working steps must be
shown.
5. You must return the question paper along with your answer booklet to and other writing
paper to the Invigilator at the end of the examination.

Key Examination Protocol

1. Students please note that academic dishonesty (or cheating) includes but is not limited to
plagiarism, collusion, falsification, replication, taking unauthorised notes or devices into an
examination, obtaining an unauthorised copy of the examination paper, communicating or trying
to communicate with another candidate during the examination, and being a party to
impersonation in relation to an examination.
2. The above mentioned and any other actions which compromise the integrity of the academic
valuation process will be fully investigated and addressed in accordance with UTT’s academic
regulations.
3. Please be reminded that speaking without the Invigilator’s permission is NOT allowed.

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December 2012 Alternate Examinations
RESR1001-Basic Reservoir Engineering for Technicians
 Student ID No.: _____________________

ANSWER ALL QUESTION

Question 1

a) The UTT Oil Field has acreage of 650 acres. The oil bearing region has an average
thickness of 30 ft. The following rock properties are known:

Effective Porosity: 15%

Water Saturation: 25%
Oil formation volume factor: 1.306 rbbl/STB

Calculate the initial oil in place and the volume of this oil that can be recovered if
the recovery factor is 42% (6 marks)

b) State three (3) means of recovering this initial 42%. (3 marks)

c) Discuss in detail two (2) secondary oil recovery methods that can be used to
recover the remaining 58%. (6 marks/ 3 marks each)

Question 2

Using Figure 1: Pressure –Temperature Phase Diagram of a Reservoir Fluid below:

a) Name the Reservoir Types at points A, B, C and D. (4 marks)

b) Describe the Phase Composition from Point A to A1 (3 marks)

c) Describe the Phase Composition from Point A to A2 (3 marks)

d) Describe the Phase Composition from Point B to B4 (3 marks)

e) Describe the Phase Composition from Point C to C2 (3 marks)

f) Describe the Phase Composition for Point D (3 marks)

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December 2012 Alternate Examinations
RESR1001-Basic Reservoir Engineering for Technicians
 Student ID No.: _____________________

Figure 1: Pressure –temperature phase diagram of a reservoir fluid

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December 2012 Alternate Examinations
RESR1001-Basic Reservoir Engineering for Technicians
 Student ID No.: _____________________

Question 3

a) Define the term “Two Phase Formation Volume Factor”. (2 marks)

b) What is the Two phase Formation Volume factor of a reservoir

at 2000 psia and temperature of 250 F, given the following:

Oil Formation Volume Factor at 2000 psia 1.125 rb/stb

Solution Gas Oil Ratio at 2000 psia 450 scf/stb
Initial Solution Gas Oil Ratio 600 scf/stb
A Gas deviation factor (z factor) 0.85
(4 marks)

c) Given the following:

Reservoir Pressure at boundary 3000 psia

Well bore flowing pressure 2500 psia
Length of reservoir 2,500 ft
Area of reservoir 1 acre
Permeability of reservoir 250 md
Viscosity of oil 1.1 cp

i) Calculate the oil flow rate for linear flow in the reservoir (3 marks)

ii) Calculate the wellbore flowing pressure required to achieve a flow rate of
2,500 bopd. (3 marks)

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December 2012 Alternate Examinations
RESR1001-Basic Reservoir Engineering for Technicians
 Student ID No.: _____________________

Question 4

a. Write expressions for:

i. Mobility ratio of a waterflood [2 marks]
ii. Fractional Flow for a horizontal system [2 marks]

b. Draw sketches to illustrate:

i. Normal five-spot injection pattern [3 marks]
ii. Inverted five-spot injection pattern [3 marks]
iii. Normal nine-spot injection pattern [3 marks]

c. A waterflood is being designed for the 10-acre UTT reservoir. The viscosity of
the oil is 1.20 centipoise while the water viscosity is 0.80 centipoise. The
reservoir is 75 feet thick, with a porosity of 34% and formation dip is 0o. The
formation volume factor is 1.15 bbls/stb. Attached is the Relative
Permeability Curve.
i. Calculate the fractional reservoir water cut at water saturation
values marked of 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9.
(8 marks)
ii. Plot the fractional reservoir water cut versus water saturation curve
for the values obtained above.
(6 marks)
iii. Determine the water saturation at the front, Swf. (3 marks)
iv. Determine the average water saturation behind the flood front,
̅ . (3 marks)
v. Calculate the displacement efficiency at breakthrough, EDBT
(2 marks)

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December 2012 Alternate Examinations
RESR1001-Basic Reservoir Engineering for Technicians
 Student ID No.: _____________________

Relative Permeability curve

0.9

0.8

0.7
Relative permeability %

0.6

Kro
0.5
Krw

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
Water Saturation %

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December 2012 Alternate Examinations
RESR1001-Basic Reservoir Engineering for Technicians
 Student ID No.: _____________________

FORMULAE:

zT
Bg = 0.02829 cu ft./ SCF
P

zT
Bg = 0.00504 bbl/ SCF
P

Bt = Bo + Bg (Rsoi – Rso )

1.127 x10 3 kAP

Q
L
S wbt  S wi
E DBT 
1  S wi

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December 2012 Alternate Examinations
RESR1001-Basic Reservoir Engineering for Technicians