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Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Background of the study

Cell phones are being used by the students frequently. They used it

even in the school or in a public place. They found out that student is using

cell phone even during class hour despite the rules against doing so (Tindell

& Bohlander, 2012).

Cell phones in the Philippines have become remarkably popular by

around the numbers of reasons for their ubiquity. To begin with, there is a

long term difficulty and expense of acquiring land line phones in the

Philippines along with the erratic service provided by the Philippines Long

Distance Telecommunication and the more recent, cell phones are wireless

communication and more accessible and affordable than regular telephones

or computers. The insistence of having cell phones nearby, the fact that the

rational and the utilization as the remarks above indicate. It lends to its

holder a sense of being someone, in this case, who can reach and be

reached thus always in touch even if he or she is only a street vendor or

students having a cell phone. With the power to surpass crowded conditions

and congested surroundings brought about by states inability to order

everyday life (Rafael, 2006).

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Most of people nowadays owned cellphones. It shows that there is a

widespread use of cellphones all over the world and it is not controllable.

Even a young toddler know how to operate a cellphone. It is very clear that

not only a college and high school students owned cellphone but also an

elementary students have it too. Some of the students using cellphones during

their vacant time as a form of leisure, source, and spreading of information,

but some are just for entertainment only (Bacatan, J., et.al. 2006)

The researchers are well motivated to conduct their study in Angel

Villarica Central School to know if using cell phone could affect their study

habits.

Statement of the Problem

This study will aim to find out the Relationship of the Level of Cellphone

Use and the Level of the Study Habits of the Pupils of Angel Villarica Central

School.

Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions:

1. What is the level of cellphone use of Angel Villarica Central School

pupils in terms of:

1.1 text messaging;

1.2 calling;

1.3 mobile game; and

1.4 internet access?

2. What is the level of the study habits of Angel Villarica Central

School pupils in terms of:

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2.1 time preferred; and

2.2 learning environment?

3. Is there any significant relationship between the cellphone use and

the study habits of the pupils in Angel Villarica Central School?

Hypothesis of the Study

Ho: There is no significant relationship between the level of cellphone

use and the level of the study habits of the pupils.

Review of Related Literature

This section deals with the summary of various points of view published,

and some studies, which are relevant to the present study which give focus to

the Relationship of the level of Cellphone Use and the Level of Study Habits of

the Pupils in Angel Villarica Central School.

Cellphone Use

Allweb,(2005) emphasized that the concept of mobile learning is quite new,

it has developed at a fast rate and is becoming poplar with all age groups.

Cellular phone applications are becoming easier to use while offering complex

learning and education factors. Mobile learning can reach all fields of study

and no limits to what you can learn to cellular phone applications and you ca

use cellphones to get new facts about the business, culture, social issues,

education and entertainment.

Cell phone is exist continuously its rapid development, and it help the

student improved their learning about technology. The students can easily
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access new information and enhance their capability in interacting with

teachers and fellow students (Bull & McCormick, 2012; Tao & Yeh, 2013).

On the other hand, Sundari, (2015) states that in today’s generation, the

most famous and easiest way to communicate with other individual is through

cellphone. The teenager and young adults are more likely to engage in SMS

messing, making phone calls, accessing the internet from their phone and

playing a mobile driven game when they get bored. Some people use cellphone

as a source of entertainment, retrieving information and social connectivity

Text Messaging

Text messaging has become the primary way that teens reach their

friends, surpassing face-to-face contact, email, instant messaging and voice

calling as the go-to daily communication tool for this age group. However,

voice calling is still the preferred mode for reaching parents for most teens.

Cellphones are the most popular use of teens especially on texting and

calling, but textingis the most blow up to the young. It becomes the most

desirable channels to stay attached to their peers. The teens exhausted more

on cellphones through texting. Teen texters say that they favored in texting

rather than calling (Pew Research Center, 2010)

Calling

A phone call is the best way to get a personal response. If the person you

called is available, you can take care of business on the spot. With other

forms of communication, such as texting or email, you leave a message and

hope for a quick response. Phone calls have a vocal backup in the form of
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voice mail. The caller can leave a detailed voice message, without the

restriction of a certain number of characters or typing a text message on a

tiny cell-phone keypad (Harper, M. 2018).

Talking on the device is also a central function of cellphone. Based on

the study of Lenhart, Ling, Campbell, & Purcell, (2010) states that almost all

teens with cellphones (94%) say they use the phone to talk to their friends,

and half of teens (50%) say they do this everyday. Voice interaction provides

teens with access to friends and parents. The convenience of the cell phone

means that they are never out of touch. This is both a positive and a negative

thing in the eyes of the teens. The best thing is that it’s so convenient and you

can just talk to people and family all the time, even if you’re not at home.

(Lenhart, A., Ling, R., Campbell, S., & Purcell, K. 2010)

Internet Access

Internet usage is an ability where the person can adopt, access and use

internet for getting a huge variety of information. He also found out that

during his study that most of his project found out that internet gives more

convenience in their daily living (Perez, 2011).

The Internet has become an increasingly important feature of the learning

environment for teenagers. Research by the Pew Internet & American Life

Project shows that teens use the Internet as an essential study aid outside the

classroom and that the Internet increasingly has a place inside the classroom.

The research findings that 94% of youth ages who have Internet access say they

use the Internet for school research and 78% say they believe the Internet helps
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them with schoolwork and 71% of online teens say that they used the Internet as the

major source for their most recent major school project or report. Not only that,

41% of online teens say they use email and instant messaging to contact teachers or

classmates about schoolwork; 34% of online teens have downloaded an online

study aid; and 58% of online teens report using Web sites that had been set up

specifically for their school or for a particular class (Lenhart, A., Simon, M., &

Graziano, M., 2001).

Study Habits

To have an effective and good study habits be patient on your study,

don’t study on a single period of time because you cannot focus on your

study and it leads you a failing grade. Give more time to study than

communicating with nonsense chatting. Cellphone can be a distraction but

you must concentrate on your study to get a higher grades. Make a plan to

study and create a list of your subject to study. Make it into your daily

routine. When you study, try first the difficult one than a simple one

( Becton Loveless).

According to Valk, Rashid, et.al,(2010) cellphone can improve the study

habits of students. They can get more learning on technology. The instructors

in Bangladesh make a research and made a questionnaire for students if there

is a difference between face to face questions or via SMS. But the instructor

gives feedback that those students who use technology can really perform a

better answer than the face to face one.

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Time preferred

Santos, 2016 cited that the time preferred to study is it depends on

individualism. There are some students preferred to study at night while some

are preferred to study in the morning or afternoon. He said also that each

preferred time to study has its own benefits.

Grohol, J. (2017) cited that when you study you should in the right

mindset. Think positively in order to study smarter, because when you are

distracted on something you cannot focus on what you are studying. We can

make mistakes in every study we make because of some distraction but don’t

make yourself bad, just make some study techniques to improve your study

habits.

Learning Environment

Western Government University, 2012 states that the study environment

has a big influence on how the student be able to learn and preserved the

information and be able to apply it in real life situation. There are some

students can easily learn if the environment is noise or there is a music

background. But some are preferred in a silent environment that no one can

distract him/her.

Doraiswamy (2012) states on her research that some students wants in a quiet

environment. But some students preferred with music while studying. She stated also

that the time preferred to study of a students is it depends on students on how he/she

wants to study.
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Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

This study was postulated on the study of Anderson (2009) states that

cellphone through texting is not the hindrance of learning to a student instead it

can help them to enhance their performance. Students can easily ask question

by texting for convenient because sometimes teacher is not around. He said

also that cellphone is not a distraction, but a way of engaging students to the

new generation of technology for learning.

According to the research of Higgins (2013) states that cellphones is not a

distraction instead it can be use as a learning tools to both teachers and students.

Cellphones is not a new to us we are living now in a digital world. According

to his research even in poorer area owned a mobile device to use as a learning

tool. Even parents agreed to have their child a cellphone in school not only for

learning materials but also if there is unexpected happened or for emergency.

On the contrary , the research of Howard (2015) that cellphone can be a big

impact to the learning environment of a student. Most of the student will

focused to their cellphone because of someone texting or calling to them, rather

than studying. They preferred to cellphone first before studying. They make a

survey from students who owned cellphones during examination and they

found out that some of those students who owned cellphone got a low test score

than students who don’t have.

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Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Level of Study Habits

Level of Cellphone Use
 time preferred;and
 Calling;
 learning
 internet access; environment.
 text messaging; and
 taking videos.

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study

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Significance of the Study

This study may be significant to the following:

To the Administrator, this study will be the eye opener of the school

administrator of what really the impact of allowing students to use cellphone

inside the school. This study will guide him/her to make decision whether

he/she allow the students to bring and use cellphones in school and during class

hours or not.

To the Teachers, this study may give them an idea that will help them

realize and weigh the positive and negative contributions of using cellphone to

the pupils especially during class discussion.

To the Students, this study will also give them a realization to balance

between using cellphone and study time. This study will also inform them the

other use of cellphone and not just only using it for leisure. The realization that

this technology can make students learning interesting and meaningful if used

in proper way and thus transfer for learning and information would be possible.

And finally, to the Researchers, this study will also help them us being a

future educator to have a prior knowledge and it guide us to make a meaningful

learning material when the time comes when the school administrators of the

elementary schools will allow their pupils to use cellphones in class discussion.
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Definition of Terms

The following terms are defined operationally for the reader to clearly and fully

understand this study:

Cellphone use. A mobile phone can be used to communicate over a long

distance areas. These may be in the form of calling, text messaging, email and

other ways of communication or by to accessing the internet and mobile

gaming. It is the utilization of cellphone on how a person used it especially to

those students who owned it. It’s a manner on how the students manage their

self to use their cellphone in a very effective way that they can gain learning

through it.

Study Habits. Study habits are the behaviors used when preparing for tests

or learning academic material. It is a behavior style that is systematically

formed by students towards learning and achievement. It is the way a student

use to study or the habit that you have form during your school years.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study is delimit only to the relationship of the level of cellphone use

and the level of the study habits of the pupils. The level of cellphone use will

grounded with only four indicators such as calling, internet access, text

messaging and taking videos in which is the most usable feature of cellphones.

The level of the study habits is also grounded with time preferred, . These

variables will be measured through descriptive-correlation survey.

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The study will be conducted at Angel Villarica Central School at Babak

District, Island Garden City of Samal.The maximum target of respondents will

be 25 students in different grade level which will be selected randomly.

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Chapter II

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research design, research instrument,and data

gathering procedure.

Research Design

This study utilizes the descriptive-correlation method of research. The

level of cellphone use and the level of the study habits of the pupil will be

determine through survey.

Descriptive Survey. This approach is appropriate wherever of the

object of the class varies among themselves and one is interested is knowing

the extend to which different condition obtain among these(Good & Scates,

1972). Refers to establishing the range and distribution of some social

characteristics, such as education or training, Occupation, and location, and to

discover how these characteristics maybe related to certain behaviour patterns

or attitudes.

Correlation Studies. these studies are design to help the researcher

determine the extent to which different variables are related to each other in the

population of interest. The critical distinguishing characteristics is the effort to

estimate the relationship as distinguished from simple description (Fox, 1989).

The elements of this design include identification of variables of interest; the

groups of respondents where the variables would be applied and statistical

procedure to determine the extent of the relationship.

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Research Subject/Participants

The subject of this study will be the pupils of Angel Villarica Central

School. The researchers targeting a maximum of 50 pupils in every grade level,

from Grade 4 to Grade 6, which will be selected randomly.

Research Instruments

Two questionnaires will be use in the study. The first questionnaire

contains survey questions for cellphone use to be answered by the pupils. The

second questionnaire contains survey questions for study habits of the pupil.

In evaluating both the level of cellphone use and the level of the study

habits of the pupil using the questionnaire, the pupils will base their answer to

the following scale:

The rating level of cellphone use will be describes as follows;

5 Always This indicates that cell phone is using all the time.
This describes as very high.
4 Very Often This indicates that cellphone is used many times.
The level describes as high.
3 Often This indicates that cellphone is generally used. The
level is describes as moderate
2 Sometimes This indicates that cellphone is used sometimes.
The level describes as low.
1 Never This indicates that cellphone is used once in a
while or never. The level describes as very low.
The rating level for the indicators of study habits of pupils will be described as
follows:
5 Always This indicates that the study habits of the pupil
done all the time. The level describes as very high.
4 Very Often This indicates that the study habits of the pupil
done many times. The level describes as high.
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3 Often This indicates that the study habits of the pupil

done generally . The level is describes as moderate
2 Sometimes This indicates that the study habits of the pupil
done sometimes. The level describes as low.
1 Never This indicates that the study habits of the pupil
done once in a while or never. The level describes
as very low.
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Research Procedure

The following instruments will be administered such as;

1. Asking Permission to Conduct the Study. The researcher will going to

write a letter addressing to the school director of UM Peñaplata College asking

permission for allowing us to conduct the study to the other school. And also

we will be going to write a letter to the school principal of Angel Villarica

Central School asking a permission to let us conduct a study on their school.

2. Construction of questionnaires. The researchers will make survey

questionnaires to identify the level of cell phone use and the level of the study

habits of the pupil. The questionnaires will be validated first.

3. Validation of Questionnaires. The researchers made questionnaire will be

validated by the three panel examiners of UM Penaplata College.

4. Distribution of Questionnaires. The researchers will give two

questionnaires in each pupil- one questionnaire is for the level of cellphone use

and the other one is for the level of the study habits.

5. Retrieval of Questionnaires. The researcher will personally retrieve the

questionnaire right after the pupil finish answering the questions.

6. Tabulation of Questionnaires. The retrieved questionnaire will be tabulated

accordingly. The result of all the gathered data will be interpreted and analyzed

and is statistically computed to answer the questions being addressed in the

study with the help of statistician

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Statistical Treatment of Data

The statistical treatment tool that the researchers are going to use in this

study will be:

Mean. This is to utilized to answer the subproblems such as the level of

cellphone use in terms of text messaging, calling, internet access, and mobile

games; the level of the study habits of the pupils in terms of time preferred,

degree of noise, study mechanism.

Pearson “Product Moment” Coefficient of Correlation. This is useful to

determine the significant relationship between the level of cellphone use and

the level of the study habits of the pupils.

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