Benefit Pembangunan

Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi

Untuk Kepentingan Publik

Djoko Santoso
Rektor ITB
 Kerangka Pemikiran TIK Untuk
Pembangunan
Isu strategis Sasaran strategis:
-Kemandirian bangsa - Tata kelola pemerintahan
- Daya saing bangsa - Ekonomi
-Knowledge

Tujuan Nasional
Terciptanya suatu masyarakat yang adil,
makmur, sejahtera, aman dan bersatu
dalam naungan NKRI Strategi pemerintah:
Suprastruktur Informasi
Realisasi tujuan nasional
Sinergi
dalam era informasi Fungsi: Konsep:
- Knowledge based Tata Kelola TI
Governing O-O-K-T
Sasaran
society Strategis Tata Ekonomi Knowledge
Kelola
Mind
Early winning program
Man sebagai wahana mencapai
tujuan nasional
Machine
Early Winning Program
Impact

e-layanan,
e-Pendidikan
e-procurment,NSW

Nomor Identitas
Palapa Ring Nasional

Resistance
Nilai dari Pembangunan TIK

Biaya tinggi
Impak Rendah
Biaya Tinggi
Impak Tingii
Biaya
Tinggi
Kondisi
Saat ini
Biaya
Zona Perbaikan
TIK Value
Biaya Rendah
Impak Rendah
Biaya
Rendah
Impak Bottom Line Impak
Rendah Impact Tinggi
Apakah Arti Sebuah Nilai (Value)

Biaya rendah — IT and Operating

Peningkatan Pendapatan
alue
V
Value
e Value ? Peningkatan Kualitas
lu
Va Valu
Peningkatan Pelayanan
e

e
lu
Va

Pelayanan Lebih baik

Kecepatan Waktu ke pasar

Sesuai objevtive politik

Impak sosial yg baik
Pembangunan ekonomi
Beberapa Penyebab Kegagalan Proyek TIK

Perencanaan proyek yang jelek (vendor

driven?)

Ketidaktahuan kebutuhan (requirement)

Tidak pernah selesai (never ending project)

Kepemimpinan yang lemah

Ketidak cukupan melakukan evaluasi/testing
dengan baik

Tidak ada tata kelola TIK yang mencukupi
 From ‘Business’ to ‘Public’ Value of IT

Mengukur Benefit TIK dari sekedar bisnis

menuju kepada kepentingan Konstituen,
efisiensi layanan dan Nilai Balik Politik

Government Role Citizen Role Principles Government Goal

Representation Elector - Access Minimize friction
- Responsive
- Involvement
Protector Beneficiary - Economic security Efficient service, but
- Physical security only when necessary
Authority Subject - Transparent processes Minimize resources
- Respond to requests
Supplier Customer - Customer service Maximize revenue

Gartner
Impak Organisasi pembangunan TIK

The IT Use The Competetive

IT Conversion Process Process
Process

Organizational
IT IT Impact Performance
IT Asset
Expenditure
 Creating a Business Case
for a Government Project
Costs
• What problem must be solved? Head count
Transformation
• Which stakeholders does this Policy objectives
problem affect? Operational Private partnerships
• What solutions are available? efficiency
Greater participation
• What are the benefits of each
Closing the digital divide
solution? Political Economic impact
• What is the relative cost of each return Greater transparency
solution? Greater accountability
More-effective policy
• Which stakeholders are affected by
making
the solution?
Constituent
• How can these stakeholders affect service
my political future? Constituent value
• How will this solution be funded? Lower constituent cost
Greater availability
• What other problem goes unsolved? Constituent centricity
Fewer, more-effective interactions
Single point of contact
Gartner
 The Five Pillars of Benefit Realization
Economic development Increased consensus
Speed to market Reduced transaction cost
Constituent reach Increased organizational agility

IT Value Achievement
Constituent
service
Operational
efficiency
Strategic Direct Business
Political Alignment Process Architecture Risk
Payback
return Impact
Context (Ever-Changing)

Political priorities Business demands

Regulations Citizen demands Economic situation
Gartner
 Government Performance Framework
Political Return

Political Consensus and Social and Economic

Policy Alignment
Management Participation Development

Supply Constituent Supplier/Partner Internal Operational

Management Responsiveness Effectiveness Efficiency
Constituent Value
Operational Efficiency
Support
Services Human Resources IT Finance and Regulatory
Responsiveness Responsiveness Responsiveness

On-Time Total Cost of Use Constituent

Delivery Improvement Value Increase
Constituent Service Customer Care
Service Accuracy
Responsiveness Performance Performance

KPI Effectiveness

Gartner
 E-Government Assessment Framework
Constituent Operational Political
Service Efficiency Return
Cost/transaction Media hits
Cost PR
Depth No. of trans./empl. E-mails

No. of channels Skill demand

Maturity Economic and supply
Time Trans. time
Push/pull dev.
B2B volumes
Head count
Availability Technology
Degree of No. of org. units penetration
transform. Closing
divide
Usefulness TCU B2C volumes
% joined services

Value/cost Public access

points
% aborted trans.
Use Use Visits on
Success Increased
policy pages
Channel impact (G2E+G2B)/G2G participation
% voters
 Continuously
Improving 5 - Optimizing
process

Predictable 4 - Managed
process

3- Defined
Standard,
Consistent
process

Disciplined 2 - Repeatable
process

1 - Initial

Tingkat Kematangan Proses Penerapan TIK

 Penutup

Banyak Initiative proyek TIK yang belum diukur dengan

baik, termasuk proyek-proyek Flagship TIK.

Ukuran proyek pemerintah harus digeser dari sekedar
bermakna bisnis, menjadi harus ada nilai publiknya pula.

Ukuran dan target pada dasarnya dilihat dari kenaikan
tingkat layanan, penurunan biaya dan “political return”.

Perlu dibuat model dalam basis waktu bahwa
pembangunan TIK mendukung tujuan dan strategi nasional.

Perlu peran pemimpin yang lebih efektif.