a, @ Figure 7-10 Example of DCT and IDCT. 7S2A Image Processing The first step of image processing in the baseline mode (baseline process in [0rg93), as shown in Figure 7-9, is a tansformation coding performed using the Dis- ‘rete Cosine Transform (DCT) [ANR74, NP78]. The pixel values are shifted into the zero-centered interval (~128, 127). Data units of 8x8 shifted pixel values are defined by 5,., where cand y are in the range of zero to seven. The following FDCT (Forward DCT) is then applied w each transformed value: LoS 5, cool EE ME gg 2+ Det $60 EY, 500s cog Ht} for u,»=05 other where: ¢, Altogether, this transformation must be carted out 64 times per data unit. T result is 64 coefficients S.,. Duc to the dependence of DCT on the Discrete Fouri ‘Transform (DET), which maps values from the time domain to the frequency domi ‘each coefficient can be regarded as a two-dimensional frequency.