Numerical Methods

Introduction to Fourier Series

Part: Introduction to Fourier
Series

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usf.usf.01: Introduction to Fourier Series Major: All Engineering Majors Authors: Duc Nguyen http://numericalmethods.edu Numerical Methods for STEM undergraduates 9/4/2010 http://numericalmethods. Lecture # 1 Chapter 11.eng.eng.edu 5 .

usf.edu .eng. Background The following relationships can be readily established T T ∫ sin( kw0t ) dt = ∫ cos(kw0t ) dt = 0 (1) 0 0 T T T ∫ sin ( kw0t ) dt = ∫ cos ( kw0t ) dt = 2 2 (2) 0 0 2 1 6 http://numericalmethods.

Background cont. T ∫ cos(kw0t ) sin( gw0t )dt = 0 (3) 0 T ∫ sin( kw0t ) sin( gw0t )dt = 0 (4) 0 T ∫ cos(kw0t ) cos( gw0t ) dt = 0 (5) 0 7 http://numericalmethods.edu .eng.usf.

eng.edu . w = 2πf 0 (6) 1 f = (7) T Where f and T represents the frequency in (cycles/time) and period (in seconds) respectively. A periodic function with a period T should satisfy the following equation: f (t + T ) = f (t ) (8) 8 http://numericalmethods.usf. Background cont.

edu . Example 1 Let T A = ∫ sin( kw0t )dt (9) 0  1  = − [cos(kw0t )]0 T  kw0  9 http://numericalmethods.eng.usf. Background cont.

Background cont.eng.usf.  −1  A =  [cos(kw0T ) − cos(0)] (10)  kw0   −1  =  [cos(k 2π ) − 1]  kw0  =0 10 http://numericalmethods.edu .

Example 2 T Let B = ∫ sin 2 (kw0t )dt (11) 0 Recall 1 − cos(2α ) sin (α ) = 2 (12) 2 T 1 1  B = ∫  − cos(2kw0t ) dt (13) o 2 2  11 http://numericalmethods.eng.edu . Background cont.usf.

Background cont.usf. T  1   1  1   =  t −    sin( 2kw0t )  2   2  2kw0  0 T  sin( 2kw0T ) − [0] 1 B= − (14)  2 4kw0  12 http://numericalmethods.eng.edu .

usf. T  1  = −   sin( 2k * 2π ) 2  4kw0  T = 2 Example 3 Let T C = ∫ sin( gw0t ) cos(kw0t )dt (15) 0 13 http://numericalmethods.eng.edu . Background cont.

usf.eng.edu . Background cont. Recall that sin(α + β ) = sin(α ) cos( β ) + sin( β ) cos(α ) (16) C = ∫ [sin[( g + k )w0t ] − sin( kw0t ) cos( gw0t )]dt (17) T 0 14 http://numericalmethods.

= ∫ sin[( g + k ) w0t ]dt − ∫ sin( kw0t ) cos( gw0t )dt (18) T T 0 0 T C = 0 − ∫ sin( kw0t ) cos( gw0t )dt (19) 0 Adding Equations (15). Background cont.usf.eng. (19).edu . T T 2C = ∫ sin( gw0t ) cos(kw0t )dt − ∫ sin( kw0t ) cos( gw0t )dt 0 0 = ∫ sin[( gw0t ) − (kw0t )]dt = ∫ sin[( g − k ) w0t ]dt T T (20) 0 0 15 http://numericalmethods.

usf. 2C = 0. since the right side of the above equation is zero Thus. T C = ∫ sin( gw0t ) cos(kw0t )dt = 0 (21) o 16 http://numericalmethods.eng. Background cont.edu .

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