See SS y QB conn : MENO2098 , - ILA MENAS! ; 7 memo NAGHS / CORPORATION sussecr: eeting with county rom Bs tove Public Health Department. An informal meeting was held with Mr. Jeff Lubbers of the Allegan County Public Health Department to discuss the contamination problens with the MMMMMMMve2. The following attended: D. Thorne : N. gohnstone K. B. Lowe To: Dick Thorne : pare, 3/13/73 | | | ‘The Company told mr. Lubbers that it was our intent to provide the MMMM with a safe water supply. This - satisfied the county man and we agreed to work directly withthe BBB but_keep-the county—informed-on—what— approaches are taken. Two approaches are planned: i + ghort Term: To provide water to the house from barn well. This is now being done and should be complete by March 16, 1973. A Culligan color reuoval unit is also being installed on this well. é + Leng Term: To provide City well to the Jy house. ‘This means running a water main under the Penn Central lines and for a distance of about 1000 feet, The approval of City and County agencies is required for this approach. { | 1 3, Mr. Lubbers also asked if we knew of any other contaminated wells in this area and if we had sampled any of the private wells on 106th Street. We replied no to both questions, He felt we . should pericdically moniter the other private wells for contamination. We told him that part of the Williams and Works Survey was to make recommendations on water monitoring and We would probably be monitoring the ground water in this area. 4, It is important to realize in analyzing these problems that liquor and white water seepage has been ccourring for a number of years. Contamination has been picked up in #3, #6, and 97 wells for at least 3 years. Therefore, it is likely that the ground water at the houses on 106th Street could be contaminated. If this occurs we will be obligated to pipe city water to these homes. co: N, Johnstone A. Brindley is 14232 Bye May 13, 1974 Roger Przbysz Basin Water Quality Investigator Water Resources Conmission 4056 Plainfield ave. N-E. Grand Rapids, Michigan 49505 Dear Roger: In response to your inquizy regarding Menasha's approach to solving well water contamination problem on 106th Ave, Tam submitting the following outline of action. tthe short tora; activated charcoal filtration units} being installed on fAMMNMMMl-esidence vell vater to inprove condition so that it may be used for washing purposes. Water cooler is being provided to hold drinking water. ‘These two improvenents should be completed today. 2. Menasha has sent inquiry to Wes Clark of City of otsego regarding installing city water down 106th ave. + We axe contacting those residences which may have a well water discoloration problem to sample their water. Spray disposal of Clarifier sludge is being implemented as quickly as possible to improve dispersion of sludge and eliminate possible seepage into the aquifer of Liquid fxom sludge. I believe that the above outline covers what you require. Fine ada Norman E. Johnstone~~ Technical Superintendent ¥-792 Sm ec: Dick Thorne Allen Schenck E. C. Manders NA MENO2094 |to: s mez IZA MENAS mero L Con aN ASRS Dick ‘Thorne a MENO2099 bate December 3, 19/5 1974 Well Water Treatment Program, a : calgon. Bruce Buchanan ec: E. C. Manders A. Schenck N. Johnstone J. Scott tab (3) History of Contamination of the Aqui‘: ‘The sand and gravel base aquifer from which we draw our water at No. 6 6 7 wells has a southwesterly travel of approximately one (1) foot per Gay. This aquifer seems also to be part of the source of No. 445 wells. To the east and northeast, several sources of contamination were established during 1973. The approximate chronolgy of events is as follows: A._Slnage. : 1. Began shallow ponding of sludge early summer 1973. : 2. Began deep diked ponding of sludge August 1973. B. Liguor 2. Hauled about 1.4 am gallons of liquor to southwest gravel Liquor pond from mia March to mid April. * * During the time hauling was being done, it was noted that after the pond reached a cortain level, it remained at that level even though approximately 50,000 gallons ver day were being brought into pond. This type of leaching indicates a probable significant source of ground water contamination. 2. Hawled out of southwest gravel pond during June. 3. Wauled about 1.0 mm gallons of liquor to southwest gravel from mid November to mid December, 4. Subsequently, only intemmittant hauling of Liquor to southwest occured as demanded by lack of space in mill pond. ‘These two sources of contamination provide distinctly separate problans, which have no simple solution, ‘The Liquor contamination causes increased organic loading of the well water in the-form of lignosulfonates. Lignosulfonates are thenselvgs sources of food for nunerous bacteria. The decomposition and partial decomposition products do not have the excellent dispersant properties of the original Lignosulfonates and tend to form deposits, especially ia areas of reduced flow slich as in seal vater lines. Heat also accelerates biodegredation (approximately double for each 10°c) thus the accentuated problems in heat exchangers. ‘The sludge ponding and subsequent leaching results in the influx of inordinately high levels of bacteria into the aquifer. These bacteria are, of course, particularly well acclimated to reduction of NSSC biodegradables. QO3S1974 Well Water Treatment Program, Calgon page 2 MENO2100 Well water contamination has increased over the last year, and due to the slow mass movement of the aquifer, well water quality will most probably - continue to degrade for some tine to come. Initiation of 6 Month trial with calgon During the later part of 1973, as the well water became increasingly unmanageable and the Naleo 236 then being used was taxed beyond its capability, both Buckman Labs and Calgon Corporation were brought in to submit proposals for treatment programs. ‘The Calgon Program was chosen and the trial began in February of 1974. Chronolgsy of Calson Treatment Program A. Treatment began with CL-14 dispersant and #-130 biocide on February 26, 1974 at No. 4 & 5 wells and on February 7, 1974 at No. 6 & 7 wells. Foed Rake * set at 25 pom 1 hr. per shift on biocide (H-130) and 10 ppm ‘continuous on dispersant (Cl-14). * See chart on Paramaters Affecting 003 REf1uent 8.0.0. @ay. B. H-204 Biocide used as substitute for H-130 because of lack of availability of H-130. #-204 fed from August 7 - September 20. for pounds feed per - Week of October 24,Longer duration of feed reduced rate. . Week of October 30. Synchronization of all H-130 timers. Week of November 24,Continvous feed at 3ppm. * P. Novenber 29 ~ December 2,uigh dosage shock feed of biocide. Decenber 4 to year end. Substitute Cl-14 with c1-36 wetting agent. Results of Various Phases of Extended Trial During the first fow months of the Calgon treatment program, results looked encouraging. No really dramatic improvement in sline problems was noticed, but a significant reduction of iron floc plugging of filters was verified. Overall slima problems seemed to be held in check, or at least did not worsen. However, during the latter part of the year, control of sline associated problens deteriorated and, as can be seen in the Chronology Table, numerous modifications were made to the treatment program in a futile attempt to regain control over the worsening situation, None of t these attempts showed any dramatic improvenent in conditions except for j item F, and this approach could not be economically justified, and in light of plate counts, this approach should not need to be taken. Listed below are the pexcent kill of bacteria on the indicated dates. | DATE WELL NUMBER PERCENT 99 739 99 p35 399 March 4 4,5, May 29 4,5. gune 18 43, October 16 a5 December § 5.6 tae em QOZE1974 Well-Water Treataent Program, Calgon page 3 Because of the improvement seen‘over the weekend cited under item : an the Chronology, item G vas initiated. the reasoning being that a wetting agent fed just prior to biocide feed would help wet out the slime masses and Ba allow the biocide more effective penetration. This approach needs more time to determine its efficacy. Gost of Calgon Well Water treatment Program histed below is the year's total and monthly average costs. j MENO2104 7130 §1900.00/mo, Cl-14 —§1750.00/mo. TOTAL —§3650,00/mo. or $44,090. 00/year. Conclusions and Recommendations In view of the continuing deterioration of our current aquifer along with the inordinate costs incurred in this and most probably any other treatment ‘ program, an alternate source of water supply should ke sought. River water, which is even now of fax better quality than our well water may prove the ‘Host attractive alternate. Tests are currently being run by both Calgon and —--—-Bualman—Labs-to-revealthe-difference between well-and-river“water-with respect — to both initial quality and overall treatment costs. a During the next few months a short extension of the Calgon program should be ! granted to fully evaluate the wetting agent approach. In the event this : fails, a short trial should be made with the Buckman materials with a long ee term eye, however, toward an alternate source of supply, i.e. river water and chlorination. BB/aa A037[NATURAL RESOURCES COMMISSION HILARY &, SNELL EM, LATALA OBERT M, BOUDEMAN (CARL T. JoHNSON Hana 4. winTELey JOM L. WOLFE (CHARLES 6. YOUNGLOVE STATE OF MICHIGAN S WILLIAM G. MILLIKEN, Governor DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES STEVENS T. MASON BUILDING, LANSING, MICHIGAN 48926 A. GENE GAZLAY, Director MENO2095 WATER RESOURCES Commission CHARLES 0, HARRIS (halen so €. voor VieeChaicman STWILEY QUACKENBUSH JOH P, wooorORD ©. wouuans coLBUEN CLeAWON &. Lay | aemoe us cca WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION 4056 Plainfield Avenue, N. E, Grand Rapids, Kichigan” 49505 i June 4, 1974 Hr. Norman Johns tone, Technical Supervisor Menasha Corporation Otsego, Michigan 49078 . Dear, Johnstone isted below aré the analytical results of samples taken on 1974 from the suspected contaminated wells on 106th Avenue: Menasha Corp, Sludge Supernatant Well Well Well beats Tannin & Lignin m5 m2 0.2 0.1 SOk Interference 470 84 36 Hg 3 67 26 28 { Fe 28 8.0 0.50 1S ! in 0.30 aa 0.70 0.60 Color 6500 2000 75 10 ] pH 8.3 7.6 77 7.6 i (Concentrations are expressed In mg/), except pM and color) The sample results support our previous conclusions, Your letter of May 13, 1974 outlined Menashs's course of action to solve this well water degradation. | 1 am sure you will keep us informed regarding the developments on the | installation of city weter dawn 106th Avenue. | i Very truly yours, ! WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION | Cay To | RogerPraybysz, 77 | Water Quality invéStigator RP /me ~ ec: Karl Zollner LHF