Guidance

1. emotional, discipline, academic, vocational problems,

2.
3. Every person is unique each individual have their own way of coping in the different challenges in
life. As what the basic guidance principle stated “Consider all individual as normal being” this
mean that as a counselor don’t rashly jump in to conclusion or diagnosing or pre assuming a
person’s behavior just by seeing his/her visible and observable trait.

Psychology

Learning style and teaching style

We all have a way in which we best learn. Odds are, every student in your class has a different
preferred learning style, which can make it difficult for you to be the most effective
teacher. However, by trying to incorporate various methods into your teaching, you may be able
to reach the majority of your students. By understanding what kind of learner you and/or your
students are, you can now gain a better perspective on how to implement these learning styles
into your lesson plans and study techniques.. Teachers often use their preferred learning style
as their main mode of teaching and if students do not share those same preferences then
learning can be very difficult and frustrating.
Learner cnterd principles
The purpose of student-centered learning is for the student to develop independence in their
learning skills. Teachers should initiate innovative learning practices, testing, as well as
encourage students to ask their own questions. "Learner centered" is the perspective that
couples a focus on individual learners - their heredity, experiences, perspectives, backgrounds,
talents, interests, capacities, and needs - with a focus on leaning - the best available knowledge
about learning and how it occurs and about teaching practices that are most effective in
promoting the highest levels of motivation, learning, and achievement for all learners. This dual
focus then informs and drives educational decision making. Learner-centered is a reflection in
practice of the Learner-Centered Psychological Principles - in the programs, practices, policies,
and people that support learning for all.
This definition of learner-centered is thus based on an understanding of the Learner-Centered
Psychological Principles as a representation of the current knowledge base on learners and
learning. The Principles apply to all learners, in and outside of school, young and old. Learner-
centered is also related to the beliefs, characteristics, dispositions, and practices of teachers -
practices primarily created by the teacher. When teachers and their practices function from an
understanding of the knowledge base delineated in the Principles, they (a) include learners in
decisions about how and what they learn and how that learning is assessed; (b) value each
learner's unique perspectives; (c) respect and accommodate individual differences in learners'
backgrounds, interests, abilities, and experiences; and (d) treat learners as co-creators and
partners in the teaching and learning process.