ZIMBABWE POWER COMPANY

KARIBA SOUTH EXTENSION

TENDER DOCUMENTS FOR THE SERVICING OF STANDS AND CONSTRUCTION OF EMPLOYERS
HOUSES
INDEX

1: SCOPE OF WORKS

2: INSTRUCTION TO BIDDERS

3: SPECIAL CONDITION OF CONTRACT

4: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

5: HEALTHY AND SAFETY ENVIROMENT

6: PREMEABLES TO SCHEDULE OF QUANTITIES

7: DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS

1 SCOPES OF WORKS
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 a) THE BACKGROUND
The construction of the Employers houses is part of the Kariba South Extension
project. the Zimbabwe Power Company has identified stands in Batonga and
Baobab to be used for this housing project. The drawings and specifications
were agreed upon by ZPC and its consultant ZENT enterprise. Per the
Employer’s requirements, the quantities of the houses that should be
constructed are as follows:
Family houses for 3 Managers 196m2
Family houses for 15 supervisors 100m2
Family houses for 25 workers 78m2
Single accommodation for 15 workers 60m2
The scope of works involved in the servicing of the Batonga stands involve:
1 Road construction
-road top soil clearing
-road water formation with storm water drainage and one gravel base
-bitumen tarring of the 2.6km road
2 Sewerage Reticulation
-excavation of trenches
-sewer laying
-Sewer back filling
-manhole construction
3 Water Reticulation
Trenching
Pipe installation
Valves and valve camber installation

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 4 Public lightning
Installation of street lights or tower lights
b) THE CONTRACTOR

The Contractor is to afford every reasonable facility to the Council and to

other contractors who may be engaged on work associated with the Works
and he must allow in his scheduled prices for any interference or delay in the
commencement or continuity of his work that may result from the need to
co-ordinate his Programme of work with that of work to be executed by the
Project Manager or by other Contractors. No separate payments will be
made because such delays due to the above operations.

c)PROGRAMME OF WORKS

It is the Employer’s desire that the housing project be completed in the

shortest possible time, within 10 months. Prior to the commencement of
work, the Contractor shall submit his programme for the timing of the
various sections of the work and his proposed methods of execution of the
works.

The programme of works as accepted by the Employer may be amended

from time to time by the Project Manager or the Contractor with the
approval of the Employer

d) SITE FACILITIES AVAILABLE

i) Source of Water Supply

Municipal water is available. If not available Employer shall make
alternative arrangements for supply of water.

ii) Power
There is currently no power connection at the site.

iii) Neighborhood

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 The Contactor shall take all responsibility for damage and claims resulting
from
trespass by his employees and depredations willful or otherwise, to land
and
buildings in the neighborhood.

iv) Temporary Amenities

The Contractor shall provide temporary amenities to his staff as is
necessary

e) QUALITY AND WORKMANSHIP

All workmanship shall be in accordance with the appropriate Standards

Association of Zimbabwe or otherwise where applicable with the
appropriate British standards current at the date of tender, including any
amendments.

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 2: INSTRUCTION TO BIDDERS
a) PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The project consists of servicing of the Batonga stands and construction
of 58 houses for employees.
b) Employer
ZIMBABWE POWER COMPANY
Kariba South Extension Project

1 SITE VISIT

Before quoting for the said job the contractor is required to visit the site and
make himself acquainted with the scope of the job and quote accordingly.
The bidder is advised to visit and examine the site of works at all location and
surrounding and obtain for himself on his own responsibility all information
that may be necessary for preparing the bid and entering the contract. The cost
of visiting the site shall be at bidder’s expenses. No extra claim because non-
familiarity of site conditions shall be entertained during execution of works.

The bidder and any of his personnel or agents will be granted permission by the
Owner to enter upon his premises and lands for such inspection, but only upon
the explicit condition that the bidder, his personnel or agents will release and
indemnify the Owner and his personnel and agents from and against all
liability in respect thereof and will be responsible for personnel injury
(whether fatal or otherwise), loss of or damage and expenses incurred thus
hereof.

2 COMPLETION OF TENDER DOCUMENTS

The bidder shall provide the following information

a) Previous Experience

b) Provisional Programme

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 c) Schedule of Plant List to be used in the project

d) Schedule of Basic Rates and Prices for Labour & services

e) Dayworks

f) Key Personnel (Brief CVs), certified copies of company

registration number, company name and active Directors or
Members.

g) Schedule of category within recognised Building Industry

Organisation in Zimbabwe (where applicable)

h) Original Tax Clearance Certificate and last one year audited

review financial statement.

i) Letter of guarantee from a registered financial institution or

financier covering three months’ operational costs as per bidders
proposed cost.

j) Proof of public indemnity cover for a minimum 3 year

k) Ministry of Local Government Public Works and Urban

Development, ZBCA/ CIFOZ Category ‘A’ Civil Contractors.

VALIDITY OF OFFER

Bid submitted by Bidder shall remain valid for a minimum period of ……….
MONTHS from the due date/extended due date for submission of Bids.
Bidders shall not be entitled during the said period of ……., without the

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 consent in writing of the Owner, to revoke or cancel their Bid or to vary the
Bid given or any term thereof. In case of Bidders revoking or cancelling their
Bid or varying any of the terms in regard thereof without the consent of
Owner in writing, Owner shall reject such Offers and forfeit Earnest Money
paid by them along with their offers.
Bidders are advised to refrain from contacting by any means Zimbabwe
Power Company (ZPC) and/or their employees / representatives on their
own, on matters related to Bids under consideration. Zimbabwe Power
Company (ZPC), if necessary, will obtain clarification on the Bid by
requesting for such information/clarifications from any or all Bidders, either
in writing or through personnel contact. Bidders will not be permitted to
change the substance of Bids after opening of Bids.
Notwithstanding sub-clauses … and … above, ZPC may solicit the bidder’s consent
to an extension of the period of validity of offer. The request and the response
shall be made in writing. If the bidders agree to the extension request, the validity
of Bank Guarantee towards Earnest money shall also be suitably extended.
Bidders may refuse the request without forfeiting his EMD. However, bidders
agreeing to the request for extension of validity of offer will neither be permitted
to revise the price nor to modify the offer.

SUBMISSION OF TENDER DOCUMENTS

Three copies of the completed Tender Documents shall be submitted and the
original shall be clearly marked “ORIGINAL”.

Tender must be posted in time to be sorted into Post Office Box CY408
Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe or delivered by hand to the Principal Officer, State
Procurement Board, 76 Samora Machel Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe before 10.00
hours on the closing date.

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2.8.3 Tenders are to be in a sealed envelope bearing the name and address of the
Tenderer and clearly endorsed on the outside with the description of the Tender,
namely, name and number of the project.

2.8.4 A tender may not be withdrawn or amended during the period of 90 days
from the advised closing date

FOREIGN CURRENCY REQUIREMENTS

The prices quoted by Tenderers shall be expressed in U.S dollars. All payments will
be made in U.S dollar. There will be no payments in other currency.

BID CLARIFICATION \AMMENDMENTS

Zimbabwe Power Company may issue clarifications/amendments in the form of

addendum/corrigendum during the bidding period and may also issue
amendments after receiving the bids. For the addendum/corrigendum issued
during the bidding period, bidders shall confirm the inclusion of
addendum/corrigendum in their bid. Bidder shall follow the instructions issued
along with addendum/corrigendum.
Bidders shall examine the Bidding Document thoroughly and submit to ZPC any
apparent conflict, discrepancy or error. ZPC shall issue appropriate clarifications
or amendments, if required. Any failure by Bidder to comply with the aforesaid

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shall not excuse the Bidder from performing the Services in accordance with the
contract if subsequently awarded.

CONFIDENTIALITY OF DOCUMENTS

Bidder shall treat the Bidding Document and contents therein as private and
confidential and shall not use the Bidding Document for any other purposes.

DEVIATION TO TENDER REQUIREMENTS

The bidders are required to submit offers strictly as per the terms and
conditions/specifications given in the Bidding Document and not to stipulate any
deviations. The offer of bidders stipulating deviations to any of the following
terms/conditions of the Bidding Document shall not be considered for price bid
opening.
i. Security Deposit
ii. Defect Liability period
iii. Suspension & Termination
iv. Increase in Time Schedule of Completion
v. Liquidated Damages
vi. Force Majeure
vii. Scope of work
viii. Validity of offer
ix. Retention Money
x. Deviation in payment terms
xi. Firm Price

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 In case Bidders wish to stipulate any deviation to Bidding Document
requirements other than those stated above, they shall indicate the same as per
the proforma enclosed in the Bidding Document. Bidder shall note that
clarification/queries/deviations mentioned elsewhere in the offer shall not be
given any cognizance. However, ZPC reserves their right to reject bids containing
deviations to any of the Bidding Document stipulations.

3: CONDITION OF CONTRACT

a) GENERAL

Conditions of Contract (CC) shall be read in conjunction with the General

Conditions of Contract (GCC) also referred to as General Terms & Conditions of
Works Contract, Schedule of Quantities, specifications of work, drawings and any
other document forming part of this Contract wherever the context so requires.
Notwithstanding the sub-division of the document into these separate sections
and volumes, every part of each shall be deemed to be supplementary of every
other part and shall be read with and into the Contract so far as it may be
practicable to do so.
Where any portion of the GCC is repugnant to or at variance with any
provisions of the Conditions of Contract, then unless a different intention
appears, the provision(s) of the Conditions of Contract shall be deemed to
override the provision(s) of GCC only to the extent that such repugnancy or
variations in the Conditions of Contract are not possible of being reconciled
with the provisions of GCC.
Wherever it is stated in this Bidding Document that such and such a
supply is to be affected or such and such a work is to be carried out, it
shall be understood that the same shall be affected and /or carried out by
the Contractor at his own cost, unless a different intention is specifically

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and expressly stated herein or otherwise explicit from the context. Contract
Price shall be deemed to have included such cost.
The materials, design & workmanship shall satisfy the applicable Zimbabwe
Standards, the job specifications contained herein & codes referred to. Where
the job specifications stipulate requirements in addition to those contained in the
standard codes and pecifications, these additional requirements shall also be
satisfied. In the absence of any Standard / Specifications / Codes of practice for
detailed specifications covering any part of the work covered in this bidding
document, the instructions / directions of Engineer-in-Charge will be binding
upon the Contractor.
In case of contradiction between relevant Zimbabwe standards, GCC, Special
Conditions of Contract, Specifications, Drawings and Schedule of Rates, the
following shall prevail in order of precedence.

i) Detailed Purchase Order along with Statement of Agreed Variations, if

any, and its enclosures.
ii) Schedule of Quantities and Technical specifications
iii) Conditions of Contract
iv) Drawings/data sheets/job procedures
v) Instructions to Bidders
vi) General Conditions of Contract
vii) Relevant Zimbabwe Standards.

b) SAFETY, FIRE FIGHTING AND ISPECTING REQUIREMENTS FOR THE

ZIMBZBBWE POWER COMPANY

Contractor shall provide adequate number of standard lengths of IS Stamped Fire

hoses, IS Stamped DCP Fire extinguishers, fire buckets with sand and nozzles.
These items can be taken back by the Contractor after completion of work. Sand

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shall also be maintained dry by the Contractor with fresh supply, whenever
required. Work permit may not be issued by Zimbabwe in the absence of above
items.
Safety Helmets shall be provided to all the employees of Contractor including
that of his labor contractors.
Safety Belts and Harnesses shall be provided by the Contractor in adequate
number for the workers working at heights and proper safety nets around the
building.
Proper earthing shall be provided for all equipment and generators.

TIME SCHEDULE

The Completion period for this job shall be 10(TEN) Months from the date of LOI.
Time is the essence of this Contract. The period of completion given includes the
time required for mobilization as well as testing, rectifications, if any, retesting,
demobilization and completion in all respects to the satisfaction of the Engineer-
in-Charge.
A joint program of execution of work will be prepared by the Engineer-in Charge
and Contractor. This program will consider the time of completion period of the
Contract.
Monthly execution program will be drawn up by the Engineer-in-Charge jointly
with the Contractor based on availability of materials, work fronts and the joint
program of execution as referred to above. The Contractor shall scrupulously
adhere to the Targets / Program by deploying adequate personnel, Construction
Equipment, Tools and Tackles and by Timely Supply of required materials coming
within his scope of supply as per Contract. In all matters concerning the extent of
target set out in the monthly program and the degree of achievement, the
decision of the Engineer-in-Charge will be final and binding upon the Contractor.

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Contractor shall give every day category-wise labour and equipment deployment
report along with the progress of work done on previous day in the proforma
prescribed by the Engineer-in-Charge.

TEMPORARY WORKS
All temporary works, enabling works, including dewatering of surface and
subsoil water, preparation and maintenance of temporary drains at the
work site, preparation and maintenance of approaches to working areas,
adequate lighting, wherever required, for execution of the work, shall be the
responsibility of the Contractor and all costs towards the same shall be
deemed to have been included in the quoted prices

QUALITY ASSURANCE

Detailed quality assurance programme to be followed for the execution of

Contract under various divisions of works will be mutually discussed and agreed
to.
The Contractor shall establish, document and maintain an effective quality
assurance system as outlined in the specifications and various codes and
standards.
Zimbabwe power Company (ZPC) or their representative shall reserve the right to
inspect/witness, review any or all stages of work at shop/site as deemed
necessary for quality assurance and / or timely completion of the work.

In case Contractor fails to follow the instructions of Engineer-in-Charge with

respect to above clauses, next payment due to him shall not be released unless
and until he complies with the instructions to the full satisfaction of Engineer-in-
Charge.

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LABOUR, LABOUR LAWS AND SITE REQUIREMENTS

LABOUR LICENSE

Before starting of work, Contractor shall obtain a license from concerned

authorities under the Contract Labor Act ………, and furnish copy of the same to
Owner.

LABOUR RELATIONS

In case of labour unrest/labour dispute arising out of non-implementation of any

law, the responsibility shall solely lie with the Contractor and they shall
remove/resolve the same satisfactorily at his cost and risk.
The Contractor shall always take all reasonable precautions to prevent any
unlawful, riotous or disorderly conduct by or amongst his staff and labour and to
preserve peace and protection of persons and property in the neighborhoods of
the Works against such conduct.

EMPLOYMENT OF LOCAL LABOUR

The Contractor shall ensure that local labour skilled and / or unskilled, to the
extent available shall be employed in this work. In case of non – availability of

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suitable labour in any category out of the above persons, labour from outside
may be employed.
The Contractor shall not recruit personnel of any category from among those
who are already employed by other agencies working at site but shall make
maximum use of local labour available.

SITE CLEANING
The Contractor shall clean and keep clean the work site from time to time to the
satisfaction of the Engineer-in-Charge for easy access to work site and to ensure
safe passage, movement and working.
The Contractor shall dispose of the unserviceable materials, debris etc., to the
earmarked area within the premises or any other location outside the premises
as decided by the Engineer-in-Charge. No extra payment shall be paid on this
account.

REVIEW/APROVAL OF DRAWINGS DESIGN AND OTHER DOCUMENTS.

ZPC will normally require and utilize a maximum time frame of seven (07) working
days from the date of Review/Approval of Drawings, Design and other documents
submitted by Contractor. Upon Review of the submitted documents, ZPC may
give their comments and ask for redesign/ resubmission after necessary
rectifications/ modifications and the time frame of 7 working days will be
applicable for same.

PROTECTION OF EXISTING FACILITIES

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Contractor shall obtain all clearance (work permit) from the Owner, as may be
required from time to time, prior to start of work. Work without permit shall
not be carried out within the existing premises.
Contractor shall obtain plans and full details of all existing and planned
facilities/services/utilities from the Owner and shall follow these plans closely
always during the performance of work. Contractor shall be responsible for
location and protection of all facilities/utilities and structures at his own cost.
Despite all precautions, should any damage to any structure / utility etc. occur,
the Contractor shall contact the Owner / authority concerned and Contractor
shall forthwith carry out repair at his expenses under the direction and to the
satisfaction of Engineer-in-Charge and the Owner/concerned authority.
Contractor shall take all precautions to ensure that no damage is caused to the
existing facilities etc., during construction. Existing structures/facilities/utilities
damaged / disturbed during construction shall be repaired and restored to their
original condition by Contractor after completion of construction to the complete
satisfaction of Owner.

SITE FACILITIES

The Contractor shall arrange for the following facilities at site, for workmen
deployed/engaged by him / his sub-contractor, at his own cost:
i) Arrangement for First Aid.
ii) Arrangement for clean & potable drinking water.
iii) Any other facility/utility as may be required under the Contract as per
the existing legislation/regulations.

CONTRACTORS SITE OFFICE AND STORES

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Owner shall provide land only for contractor’s site office and stores and
fabrication yard, if any at site. However, same shall be dismantled prior to
submission of Final Bill. Also, the office/stores, etc. to be relocated if found
hindering the project in a planned manner.
The Contractor shall remove all temporary buildings / facilities etc., before
leaving the site after completion of works in all respect.

CONSTRUCTION POWER AND WATER

Owner shall not provide power and the Contractor shall be exclusively responsible
to make his own arrangements for supply of power, without any extra cost to the
Owner.
Water required for the works shall be arranged by the Contractor. The contractor
must make all necessary arrangement for drawing water including making
temporary storage, pumping etc.

CEMENT

Cement shall be procured and brought to site at least 15 days in advance. Sample
from every batch of cement brought to site shall be tested for standard test as
per the specification of relevant IS standards in approved Laboratory and Test
Certificate shall be submitted to the responsible personnel for verification. Only
after obtaining approval of, cement shall be put into use. Manufacturer’s Batch
Test Certificates backed by Factory’s Invoice for the batch will also be acceptable
for approval of cement. Contractor shall bring cement well in advance before full
consumption of previous lot. No claims for extension of completion period for

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stoppage of work because non-availability of cement / delays is testing
procedures will be entertained/accepted by Zimbabwe Power Company.
For all computation purposes, the theoretical cement consumption shall be
considered as per IS standards. Empty cement bag shall be the property of the
contractor. Cement not consumed within 3 months after bringing to site shall not
be used and shall be removed from site with prior written permission, Contractor
shall construct suitable temporary go down at site for storage of cement under his
lock and key. The contractor will be fully responsible for safe custody of cement.

Zimbabwe Power Company will not entertain any claims by the Contractor for
theft, loss or damages to cement. Contractor shall not remove from the site any
cement bags at any time.
Permissible wastage shall be total 3% of the theoretical consumption.
However, these wastages shall be considered more than the theoretical quantity
required for the various items of work. No extra payment will be made towards
this wastage and the same will be in the contractor’s account.
STEEL
In the case of steel reinforcement or structural steel the theoretical quantity of
steel shall be taken as the quantity required as per design or as authorized by zip
Engineer. No further claim towards additional wastage due to lap length / full
length bars or other consideration including rolling margin will be entertained.
No payment will be made or measurement recorded for binding wires and shall
be provided by the contractor. For dealing and accounting, only linear
measurements will be taken and any difference in weight based on linear
measurement and actual weight shall be to contractor’s account. Quoted rate
shall be deemed to include the above and the wastage mentioned below. No
claim whatsoever shall be entertained because wastage and difference in weight
as referred to above.
All binding wires required for tying the reinforcement in position etc. will
be supplied by the contractor. Cost of this binding wire and labour will be
included in the item for binding and placing reinforcement in position.
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 It will be necessary that the contractor get the steel tested at his own cost
at a Govt. approved laboratory as per the testing schedule or as per the ZPC
advise,
for strength and other properties specified in ……… latest edition before using it in
the work.
Final bill will be accompanied by steel consumption statement.
CONSTRUCTION
RULES AND REGULATIONS
Contractor shall observe in addition to Codes specified in respective specification,
all national and local laws, ordinances, rules and regulations and requirements
pertaining to the work and shall be responsible for extra costs arising from
violations of the same.
PROCEDURES
Various procedures and method statements to be adopted by Contractor during
the construction as required as per the respective specifications shall be
submitted to Engineer-in-Charge in due time for approval.
SECURITY
As the premises, will be protected area, entry into the area shall be restricted and
may be governed by issue of photo gate passes. The Contractor shall arrange to
obtain through the Engineer-in-Charge, well in advance, all necessary entry
permits/gate passes for his staffs and laborer’s and entry
and exit of his men and materials shall be subject to vigorous checking by the
security staff. The Contractor shall not be eligible for any claim or extension of
time whatsoever on this account.
It shall be the responsibility of the contractor to safeguard all his
materials/owned from theft, damage etc. For this purpose, the contractor shall be
allowed to keep his own security inside ZPC premises
DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTS

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Drawings accompanying the Bidding Document are indicative of scope of work
and issued for bidding purpose only. Purpose of these drawings is to enable the
bidder to make an offer in line with the requirements of the owner.

TESTS INSPECTIONS AND COMPLETION

TEST AND INSPECTIONS

The Contractor shall carry out the various tests as enumerated in the technical
specifications of this Bidding Document and technical documents that will be
furnished to him during the performance of the work at no extra cost to the
Owner.
All the tests either on the field or at outside laboratories concerning the
execution of the work and supply of materials by the Contractor shall be carried
out by Contractor at his cost.
The work is subject to inspection always by the Engineer-in-Charge. The
Contractor shall carry out all instructions given during inspection and shall ensure
that the work is being carried out per the technical specifications of this bidding
document, the technical documents that will be furnished to him during
performance of work and the relevant codes of practice.
Compressed air for carrying out works, if required shall be arranged by the
Contractor at his own cost.
If any material supplied by Owner, Contractor shall carry out the tests, if required
by the Engineer-in-Charge, and the cost of such tests shall be reimbursed by the
Owner at actual to the Contractor on production of documentary evidence.
All results of inspection and tests will be recorded in the inspection reports,
proforma of which will be approved by the Engineer-in-Charge. These reports
shall form part of the completion documents. Any work not conforming to
execution drawings, specifications or codes shall be rejected and the Contractor
shall carry out the rectifications at his own cost.

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FINAL INSPECTIONS

After completion of all tests as per specification the whole work will be subject to
a final inspection to ensure that job has been completed as per
requirement. If any defect is noticed, the Contractor will be notified by the
Engineer-in-Charge and he shall make good the defects with utmost speed. If,
however, the Contractor fails to attend to these defects within a reasonable time
(time shall be fixed by the Engineer-in-Charge) then Engineer-in-Charge may have
defects rectified at Contractor’s cost.

INSPECTION OF SUPPLY ITEM

All inspection and tests on bought out items shall be made as required by
specifications forming part of this contract. Various stages of inspection and
testing shall be identified after receipt of Quality Assurance Programme from the
contractor / manufacture
Inspection calls shall be given for association of Owner, as per mutually agreed
programme in prescribed proforma, giving details of equipment and attaching
relevant test certificates and internal inspection report of the contractor. All
drawings, general arrangement and other contract drawings, specifications,
catalogues etc. pertaining to equipment offered for inspection shall be got
approved by Owner and copies shall be made available to Owner beforehand for
undertaking inspection.

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The contractor shall ensure full and free access to the inspection engineer of
Owner at the contractor’s or their sub-contractor’s premises at any time during
contract period to facilitate him to carry out inspection and testing assignments.
The contractor / sub – contractor shall provide all instruments, tools, necessary
testing and other inspection facilities to inspection engineer of Owner free of
cost for carrying out inspection.
Where facilities for testing do not exist in the contractor’s / sub-contractor’s
laboratories, samples and test pieces shall be drawn by the contractor /
subcontractor in presence of Inspection Engineer of Owner and duly sealed by the
later and sent for tests in Government approved test house or any other testing
laboratories approved by the Inspection Engineer at the contractor’s cost.
The contractor shall comply with the instructions of the Inspection Engineer fully
and with promptitude.
The contractor shall ensure that the equipment / assemblies / component of the
plant and equipment required to be inspected are not assembled or dispatched
before inspection.
The contractor shall not offer equipment for inspection in painted conditions
unless otherwise agreed in writing with the Owner.
The contractor shall ensure that the parts once rejected by the inspection
engineer are not used in the manufacture of the plant and equipment. Where
parts rejected by the inspection engineer have been rectified or altered, such
parts shall be segregated for separate inspection and approval, before being used
in the work.
On satisfactory completion of final inspection and testing, all accepted part of the
work and equipment shall be stamped suitably and inspection certificate shall be
stamped suitably and inspection certificate shall be issued in requisite copies for
all accepted items. For stage inspection and for rejected items, only inspection
memo shall be issued indicating therein the details of observations and remarks.
All inspections and tests shall be made as required by the specifications forming
part of this contract. Contractor shall advise Zimbabwe Power Company in

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writing at least fifteen days in advance of the date of final inspection / tests.
Manufacturers inspection or testing certificate for equipment and materials
supplied may be considered for acceptance, at the discretion of Engineer-in-
Charge. All costs towards testing etc. shall be borne by the contractor within
their quoted rates.

PROJECT REVIEW MEETINGS

The CONTRACTOR shall present the programed and status at various review
meetings as required.
Level of Participation: Senior Officers of Owner & Contractor.
Agenda
a) Progress Status/ statistics.
b) Completion Outlook)
c) Major hold ups / slippages.
d) Assistance required.
e) Critical issues.

f) Client query / approval.

Venue:
Site

Progress Reports
Monthly Progress Report This report shall be submitted in three copies
monthly within Ten calendar days from cut-off date as agreed upon, covering

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overall scenario of the work. The report shall include but not be limited to the
following:
a) Brief introduction of the work.
b) Activities executed / achievements during the month
. c) Scheduled vs actual percentage progress and progress curves for sub ordering,
manufacturing / delivery, sub-contracting, construction activities and overall
quantum wise status of purchase orders against scheduled.
d) Areas of concern / problems / hold ups, impact and action plans.
e) Resource deployment status.
f) Annexure giving status summary for Material Requisitions and deliveries, sub-
contracting and construction
Distribution: To the Owner-Two copies & One at Site.

GENERAL ENVIROMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

The contractor must ensure efficient use of natural resources like water, fuel oil
and lubricants. The contractor should ensure proper awareness to workers to
maintain a green and clean environment inside / outside the building premises.
The contractor must collect and dispose of all the waste and scrap materials at
the designated place only as directed by Engineer – in – Charge.

DEFECT LIABILITY PERIOD

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The defect liability period of the project will be six (6) months including a rainy
season hence the Owner of the project will retain 5% Retention money that will
be deducted on the total contract sum and is payable after the period stated
above after all defects had been repaid if they are any.

4: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS CIVIL WORKS

INTRODUCTION

The intent of this technical specification covers all construction of all civil works as
covered in the scope of contract as per drawings supplied by Zimbabwe Power
Company.
All civil works shall be carried out as per design/drawings standardized by the
Consultant (ZENT Enterprise) / Owner(ZPC) and the specification provided by the
Consultant / Owner. All standard drawings are enclosed with the tender
documents. In case any item is not covered under specification then the same
shall be carried out as per Zimbabwe Public Works specification and applicable
Standards and Codes. Any item for which specification is not provided herein and
is not covered under Zimbabwe Public Works specification shall be executed as
per manufacturer guidelines. All materials shall be of best quality conforming to
relevant Zimbabwe Standards and Codes. In case of any conflict between
Standards/ Code and Technical Specification, the provisions of Technical
Specification shall prevail, and the Architect’s decision on interpretation shall be
final.
The Contractor shall furnish all labor, tools, equipment, materials, temporary
works, constructional plant and machinery, fuel supply, transportation and all
other incidental items not shown or specified but as may be required for
complete performance of the Works in accordance with drawings, specifications
and direction of Owner.
Excavated earth is to be disposed from site as instructed, only into approved
landfill areas and dump yard, and the contractor will indemnify ZPC from any
25
QS
liability towards the same. The cost of excavation to include for necessary lead
and lift as specified.
All materials including cement, reinforcement steel and structural steel etc. shall
be arranged by the Contractor. All testing required shall be arranged by the
Contractor at his own cost. The contractor shall execute the work as per the
standard Field Quality Plan (FQP) of Zimbabwe Power Company.
The bidder shall fully apprise himself of the prevailing conditions at the proposed
site. Climatic conditions including local conditions and site specific parameters
and shall include for all such conditions and contingent measures in the bid,
including those which may not have been specifically brought out in the
specifications.
Level and date of concreting shall be marked on the building from outside at
every floor level with proper paint, etc.
All levels and survey work shall be measured by total station and electronic level
machine at all floors and places.

Schedule Items:
The work shall be executed in accordance with the specification stipulated in the
Bill of Quantity and other bidding documents read along with (Public Works
Department) specification for civil works and codes with up-to-date corrections
for non-schedule items specification as given along with tender document and
similar items of Public Works shall be applicable.
For deep excavations, necessary shoring is to be done, the design of which will be
provided by the contractor, after assessing site and soil conditions, and work only
to be commenced on site after the same is duly approved by the Architect / ZPC.
Any approval if required from the Mineral department or any other statutory
body that has jurisdiction on such excavations must be obtained by the
contractor.

26
QS
All earth used for back filling should be of approved quality.

The cost towards cement quantity reduced from the specified quantity in the item
due to mixing of fly ash shall be deducted as per relevant BOQ item.

WATER
The waters used in concrete and cement work shall be clean and free from such
acid, organic matter, salts and impurities as in the opinion of the Project Manager
will render it unsuitable for use.
CEMENT
Tenderers shall state the Brand name of the cement they will use.

No consignment shall be dispatched from the manufacturer’s works until it has

been tested and found to comply with the specification. Test sheets indicating
precisely the consignment to which they refer shall be sent to the Project
Manager not later than three days after the dispatch of the cement. All costs of
tests for cement shall be to the Contractor’s account.

The Project Manager shall, at all times, have the right to take samples of cement
as delivered and as stored on the site of the Works and have same tested as he
may deem fit, and shall likewise have the right to order that part or whole of any
consignment of cement shall not be used until any tests carried out have proved
the cement to be satisfactory.

In the event of the samples or further samples failing to comply with the
provisions of the SAZ, the Project Manager may order the consignment to be
removed from the Site and the contractor shall forthwith remove such cement
and replace it at his own expense.
27
QS
No defective or set cement or any cement which has suffered deterioration from
exposure or any other cause shall be used in the Works.

FINE AGREGATE
Unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Project Manager sand to be used for
concrete, mortar or plaster shall comply with SAZ 233:1978 together with SAZ
190:1978. It shall consist of durable, uncoated, non-organic rock particles ranging
in size from fine coarse particles.

The sand must be free from dust, soft or flaky particles, shale, clay, organic
matter, loam or other deleterious substances or chemicals, especially calcium
carbonate and shall be of approved origin. The Project Manager shall have the
right to insist upon any sand being washed which he considers to be dirty or to
contain an excess of undesirable impurities capable of being removed by this
means, whereupon the Contractor shall arrange to have such sand washed in an
approved manner at his own expense, before it is used for any purpose of the
Works.

Sand used for concrete shall be from an approved source and to the satisfaction
of the Project Manager.

COURSE AGREAGATE

The various sizes of aggregates shall be stored in such a manner that they remain
separate and are not subject to contamination from any source.

28
QS
25
The Project Manager shall have the right to order any aggregate which he may
consider to have become dirty on the site, to be washed at the expense of the
Contractor.

STEEL
All steel used in the works shall comply with BS 449, 4360, 4449, 4461, 5650 or
4483 as appropriate

Steel shall be free from rust, pitting, scale or laminations. Surface rust in the case
of steel to be used for reinforcing will be allowed provided it does not form a
loose scale on the surface of the metal, or has not penetrated to a depth which
may impair the strength of the reinforcing.

Steel reinforcement for concrete work shall be round mild steel roads or square
twisted rods of the diameter, dimensions and shape required by the drawings or
as detailed in he Bar Bending Schedules of reinforcing steel to be supplied to the
Contractor.

All bending dimension shall be in accordance with BS 4466: 1981.

Steel reinforcement shall be carefully retained in position by spacers, stools, clips

or distance blocks with all tying wires bent away from the shutters and excess
tying wire tied around bars.

29
QS
The cost of all spacers, stools, tying wire etc, and all fixing of steel to be included
in the relevant reinforcement items in the Bill of Quantities. The rates in these
items must also allow for all cutting (including waste), bending,

26
loading and unloading, transporting to site and everything connected with the
supply, delivery and use of reinforcement.
TIMBER
Timber for shuttering and forming for concrete work shall be of the most suitable
quality procurable and where re-used shall have all adhesions from previous
concrete work carefully removed so as to present a smooth working face for
subsequent work.
BITUMINOUS COATING

Bituminous coatings on steel work iron, piping, etc. shall be “Wailes Dove”
Bitumastic Black Paint or other approved bituminous paint.

All Bituminous coatings on concrete work shall be “Plasticote Primer (Black)” or

other approved bituminous coating material.
BRICKS
Bricks shall be of the best quality, hard burnt and shall be subject to the approval
of the Project Manager before being laid. All Burnt Clay Building Bricks and Blocks
shall be in accordance with S.A.Z 221:1996. They must be new, well burnt, of
uniform size and shape, with straight sharp arises, rectangular in shape and free
from defects either in quality or shape. The bricks shall be uniformly burnt

30
QS
throughout their substance and shall be free from cracks, stones, and unground
lumps of material particularly free from lumps of lime however small. When
struck together they shall give a clear ringing sound. Sample bricks shall be taken
at random from each consignment, as required by the Project Manager, and these
shall be broken and examined and should any of the aforementioned defects be
apparent, the Project Manager shall have the right to reject the complete
consignment which must thereupon be replaced by the Contractor at his own
expense. Sample bricks shall also be tested for porosity by immersing the dried
brick in water for 24 hours and if the difference of weight of the moist brick from
that of the dry brick exceeds 8% of the weight of the latter the consignment shall
be rejected.
REINFORCEMENT AND NON-REINFORCEMENT PIPES

Concrete pipes, plain or reinforced, shall be of sound construction and shall be

subject to all tests necessary to establish their capacity of withstanding pressures
and conditions under which they are to be used as indicated in the Schedule of
Quantities. Non-pressure pipes shall comply with the requirements of S.A.Z
A17:1973. “Non Fines” porous drain pipes shall be as approved by the Project
Manager.
STEEL PIPE SPECIALS

Steel pipes, fitting and specials are to be as specified in the Contract Documents
or as approved by the Project Manager and, except where otherwise specified,
shall conform to the following standards:

Steel pipes - SABS 719 and 720 Welding of Steel Pipes - BS 2633 Steel fitting
and specials - BS 534

31
QS
The Contractor shall take strict precautions to avoid damage to bitumen lining of
such pipe specials during storage or handling.

PVC PIPES

PVC pipes shall be manufactured in accordance with I.S.O decimal series with
regard to size and BSS 3505 and 3506 for Class B pipes.

WATERSTOPS

Rubber or PVC water stops shall be of approved manufacture and of sound quality
and to the sizes called for in the Specifications and Bill of Quantities. The rates
quoted are to include for the supply and fixing of water stops as well as forming
split shutters and all other necessary work to ensure that the water stop is
securely an accurately held in position during concreting operations.

JOINTING COMPOUNDS

Where shown on the drawings all movement joint shall be caulked with Thioflex
600 epoxy resin compound backed by 20mm thick strips of resinbonded cork, or
approved equivalent. Primers shall be used in accordance with manufacturer’s
specification and recommendations.

The rates quoted per linear metre in the Bill of Quantities are to allow for all the
necessary work, including forming and cleaning the joints, priming, heating or
mixing and supplying and pouring joint filler all in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions.

32
QS
The rates shall be deemed to include adequate allowances for sealant quantities
and the contractor shall not found any claim for increased payment upon the
quantities of sealant actually used.

WATERSTOPS, JOINTING COMPOUNDS AND WATERPROOFING WARRANTY

1. The Contractor shall provide written warranties in the name of the Owner for
the liquid applied waterproofing material. 2. The warranty shall provide for
making good, within period of ten (10) years, at no cost to Owner, failures of
waterproofing to resist penetration of water, except where such failures are
result of structural failures of building. Hairline cracking due to temperature or
shrinkage is not considered as structural failure.

WORKMANSHIP

CLEARING

The surface of the ground to be excavated shall be cleared of all trees, bush,
stumps, boulders and debris, which are to be removed completely from the Site
of Works. The Contractors is to be fully responsible for disposing of this material
and shall indemnify the Council against any claim that may be made in this
connection.

EXCAVATION

33
QS
Excavation shall be taken out first to the depths shown on the drawings or as
directed by the Project Manager and thereafter to such greater depths as may, by
decision of the Project Manager be necessary to ensure a substantial foundation.
Except where outside shuttering to concrete work is ordered by the Project
Manager, excavation shall be taken out to the net outline of the concrete work in
order that the excavated surface may act as a mould to the concrete work and the
Contractor must therefore allow in his prices for cutting, trimming and shaping of
excavated surfaces to the required net outline of the work. If the Contractor for
his/her own convenience uses shuttering no payment will be made either for the
shuttering so used or for the extra excavation involved. When in the opinion of
the Project Manager the excavated surface of the ground is not suitable to act as
a mould to the concrete work he/she shall order the use of outside shuttering and
in these cases the excavation shall be carried out for an extra width of 0.75m all
round to allow for the shuttering to be fixed and this extra excavation will be paid
for under provisional quantities allowed for this purpose in the Schedule.

All rates and prices tendered and to be paid for excavation shall be held to include
all contingent work, including setting out, side sloping, trimming to grade and line,
timbering (except timbering ordered to be left in), shoring, strutting, stormwater
protection, dewatering, draining, removing roots and obstructions, disposal of
spoil and surplus material, refilling and all other contingent works and charges
that are not specially listed in the Bill.

Bulk excavation shall be continued below foundation level to such depth as

indicated in the Bill or as may be determined on site by the Project Manager.

30
The cost of backfilling to original ground level around outside of reservoir in
compacted layers not exceeding 150mm in thickness, to uniform compaction

34
QS
effort of 93% Mod AASHTO, shall be included in the bulk excavation item. All
excess spoil that is not required for the formation of the proposed embankments
around the completed reservoir shall be removed from the site and the
Contractor shall be fully responsible for disposing of this material and shall
indemnify the Council against any claim that may be made in this connection,
alternatively, as set out in the Bill of Quantities, surplus spoil shall be dumped and
spread adjacent to the site as directed by he Project Manager.

Broken rock resulting from the excavation will not be permitted to be placed in
the embankments and all such material must be removed from the site and
disposed of as excess spoil.

EXCESS EXCAVATION

Excess excavation, when ordered by the Project Manager in writing will be

measured and paid for, but where they occur as a result of an error or omission
on the part of the Contractor no payment will be allowed in respect thereof and
such over excavation shall be refilled by the Contractor at his own expense with
selected filling properly compacted to the requirements of the Project Manager,
or if so ordered, with concrete of a mix as the Project Manager may direct.

DEWATERING, STORMWATER AND SEEPAGE

The Contractor shall make his own arrangements and be entirely responsible for
the proper dewatering of excavations, and his price will be held to cover all plant,
appliances, labor and materials necessary for this purpose. Side channels, sumps

35
QS
or temporary works used for dewatering are to be formed, maintained and used
in a manner to be approved by the Project Manager outside and clear of the main
works, unless permission is otherwise given by the Project Manager, and shall be
removed or filled in and restored when need for them ceases.

DEWATERING, STORMWATER AND SEEPAGE (Cont)

So that the foundations may not be impaired the excavation shall at all times be
kept free from water until they have been inspected and approved. If the
Contractor should fail or neglect thus to protect the excavations he shall at his
own cost rectify any damages caused.

The works are to be properly and adequately protected against flooding or

damage by stormwater, spring flow or seepage and the Contractor’s prices will be
held to include for such protection and any rectification which may be ordered by
the Project Manager by reason of the Contractor’s neglect of the above.

NATURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF EXCAVATION

The soil and boulder formation upon which the building is sited should be in
inspected by tenderers and for the purposes of classification for payment in
excavation all material encountered shall be considered to be ordinary ground
except that allowance has been made in the schedule of quantities for extra
payment for rock.

36
QS
Boulders in excess of 0.33 Cu.m in volume will be considered and paid for as rock,
in the following manner:

Soft Rock shall mean all classes of materials which have to be removed by the use
of pneumatic tools. This classification does not include rock which is well fissured
and layered and which can be economically removed without the aid of
pneumatic tools nor does it include boulders less than 0.33 cubic meters in
volume.

Hard rock shall mean all classes of material which can be economically removed
by either blasting, feather and wedging or ripping (Ripper size: minimum 180 bhp)
including solid unweathered rock and boulders exceeding 0.33 cubic meters in
volume. This classification does not include rock which can be removed with the
aid of pneumatic tools.

32
The Project Manager’s decisions as to what is measurable as soft or hard rock
within the meaning of this clause shall be final.

6CONTRACTOR’S LIABILITY IN EXCAVATION

The Contractor shall be responsible for making good or having made good, at his
own expense, all slips, falls cavings in of ground, damage to walls, roads, railways,
sewers, drains, pipes, cables, structures or works caused by reason of his acts or
works, or by causes within his control and shall indemnify the Council against any
claims made in respect of loss of life, or injury, or damage to persons, animals or
37
QS
things caused by reason of his works or through causes within his control. The
Contractor’s prices will be held to cover all liabilities in this respect and the
Council shall have the right, if it shall have suffered loss by reason of the above
deduct the value of such loss from any monies due or which may become due o
the Contractor.

PIPE TRENCHES

Pipe trenches shall be excavated to a minimum base width 500mm in excess of

the internal diameter of the pipe to the depth ad grades indicated on the
drawings or as directed by the Project Manager.

Payments will be made per cubic meter of material for varying depths measured
net to the required outline of the work and including all protection measures.

No special payment will be made for side sloping or timbering trenches.

If, in excavating the trench, the Contractor should remove more ground than is
required to secure the proper grade for the pipelines and if, further excavation to
re-grade the trench, the Contractor must at his own cost, carry out such further
excavation with approved filling or gravel properly consolidated, as may be
directed by the Project Manager. Where rock or hard ground is encountered
which is of such a nature that a regular bed cannot be obtained for the proper
grading of pipes, the Contractor will be required to trim such ground to a depth of
50mm below the required grade of the underside of the pipe and shall refill this
space with approved filling or gravel property consolidated and finished to correct
grade and for this work a provisional item has been allowed in the Schedule of
Quantities.

38
QS
In special circumstance, such as soft ground, concrete filling beneath pipes may
be required, but only if specially ordered by the Project Manager, in which case
such filling will be measured and paid for at the scheduled rates.

COMPACTING EMBANKMENTS AND SUBGRADE

a) Each successive layer of embankments shall be compacted by rolling or other

approved means, to a uniform density under controlled moisture conditions to
the satisfaction of the Project Manager.

The moisture content and field density of each layer shall be observed by
sampling and testing in accordance with SAZ 185: 1977: Part I “Methods of
Testing Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes”.

The sampling and testing will have carried out by an approved Materials Testing
Laboratory. The cost being met from a provisional sum in the Schedule of
Quantities. The minimum acceptable fielded density of compacted material shall
be at least 90% of the maximum density determined by a Modified AASHTO
Density Test under laboratory conditions. The minimum acceptable field density
of compacted material in other areas shall be at lest 87% of the maximum density
at Modified AASHTO Compaction.

If tests on the samples taken by the Materials Testing Laboratory show values less
than those specified, the Contractor shall reroll the area under controlled

39
QS
moisture conditions and take such other measures as me be required by the
Project Manager to obtain the specified field densities.

If the material, when spread in layers on the embankment, is not at uniform

optimum moisture content as determined by one of the methods described in
SAZ 185:1977: Part I it shall be brought to that moisture content by watering,
harrowing, mixing or drying as may be required by the Project Manager.

When the moisture of the spread material in each layer is judged to be uniform
and at optimum content rolling shall proceed using a rolling unit of the type
specified and as approved by the Project Manager.

(ii) After the subgrade has been excavated to the specified level it shall be subject
to an inspection by the Project Manager.

If approved by the Project Manager the Contractor shall then proceed to scarify
the whole area very thoroughly to a minimum depth of 150mm. Scarifying shall
be carried out in such a way as to leave the top 150mm of the subgrade entirely
loose and free of clods or rock fragments with a maximum dimension in excess of
75mm.

After inspection and approval by the Project Manager the scarified sub-grade
shall be recompacted generally in the manner described in (i) above except that
the required degree of compaction shall be 93% Modified AASHTO. Selected spoil
from the stock pile shall be introduced and compacted in the manner described in
order to restore the subgrade to the required level.

POROUS PIPE DRAINS

40
QS
150mm diameter porous No Fines Concrete drain pipes shall be laid level on the
required thickness of “No Fines” concrete bed and the trench shall then be filled
with No-Fines concrete to surround the pipe, great care being taken not to disturb
the position of the pipes.

GRAVEL OVERLAY AND CEMENTT STABILISED SOIL (IF ORDERED BY THE PROJECT
MANAGER)

The subgrade of the building to be covered with 150mm compacted layers of

gravel (alternatively cement stabilized soil) to a depth prescribed by the Project
Manager if ordered.

Any soft spots which appear during this operation shall be removed to such depth
as the Project Manager may determine and the holes so formed backfilled with
gravel (alternatively cement stabilized soil) compacted in 150mm layers by
mechanical or hand tamping.

The gravel overlay shall consist of ironstone gravel compacted in layers not
exceeding 150mm thick to obtain a uniform density not less that 96% Mod
AASHTO. Alternatively, in forming the cement stabilized soil in 150mm layers the
method used to achieve the specified strengths and compaction values should be
by in-situ mixing of cement and heavy mechanical compaction.

41
QS
Utilising a maximum of 3% cement with suitable soil seven-day strength of 1M. Pa
and uniform density of 93% Mod AASHTO will be required.

Any compacted material which fails tests will be rejected by the Project Manager
and the contractor will be required to break out and remove this material at his
own cost.

Where several layers of compacted material are being laid down continuously the
material for each successive layer shall be compacted within two hours of the
compaction of the layer beneath. Where the two-hour limit is exceeded the
surface of the work shall be cured by covering with soil, Hessian or plastic sheet
and kept damp. All such curing materials shall be cleared away and the surface of
the stabilized material roughened before further layers are put down. All loose,
segregated or otherwise defective areas shall be broken out and recompacted
with fresh cement-stabilized material.

In-situ mixing shall be by rotor-tiller or similar mechanical device approved by the

Project Manager and equipped for controlling the depth of processing.

GRAVEL OVERLAY AND CEMENT STABILISED SOIL (IF ORDERED BY THE PROJECT
MANAGER) (Cont)

The cement shall be spread ahead at the mixer by means of a cement spreader of
a type to be approved by the Project Manager and fitted with control gates or by
spotting or spread in two directions.

The soil shall be pulverized in advance of cement spreading by successive passes

of the tilling equipment and the cement shall then be spread and mixing

42
QS
continued until the required depth and uniformity of processing has been
obtained.

Compaction shall commence as soon as possible after the mixed material has
been spread and shall be completed within a period of two hours after the
addition of the water, or such shorter period as may be necessary in drying
weather.

Compaction shall be carried out with an 8 to 10 tonne smooth wheeled roller or

alternatively by pneumatic tyred or vibrating rollers approved as a result of
compaction trials.

TIMBERING AND SHORING

The Contractor’s rates for excavation shall allow for any timbering and shoring
required and in this connection attention is drawn to the Factories and Works
Regulations in regard to the minimum standards for timbering.

Excavations

The Contractor shall assume full responsibility for the safety of excavations and
shall, at his own expense, carry out all measures necessary to make the work
secure by timbering and strutting the excavations he shall determine the methods
to be adopted and will be held entirely responsible for the safety and efficiency of
such timbering and shoring which shall be capable of being removed readily as
work proceeds.

43
QS
The methods of timbering and shoring shall in general be in accordance with
those laid down in the British Standard Code Practice CP2003: 1959 for
earthworks. All timbering and snoring in trenches shall be such as will permit the
erection of formwork and the placing of concrete and the Project Manager’s
decision as to this shall binding on the Contractor, who shall immediately proceed
to rectify any timbering or shoring that is deemed by the Project Manager to be of
such a character as will impede by the impair work. Timbering that is ordered by
the Project Manager to be left in the excavation and covered in will be paid for
the rate to be quoted by the Contractor under the item provided for this purpose
in the Schedule of Quantities.

CLEANING-UP AND RESTORING SITE

On completion of the Works, or if directed by the Project Manager on completion

of any portion of it, the Contractor shall carefully restore as far as possible to their
original condition the ground, fence and other structures which may have been
interfered with in any way by him or his employees and shall remove all rubbish,
tools and materials which are not required so as to leave the Works and Site in a
clean and orderly condition. Particular attention shall be paid to leaving all
exposed concrete surfaces clean and unstained.

GRADE OF CONCRETE

The grades of concrete to be used on the Works are as shown on the drawings or
as directed by Project Manager, and shall be selected from Table A given below as
per BS 5328.The five grades of concrete are designated Grade C40/20, C35/20,
44
QS
C30/20, C25/20, C25/20 and C15/20. For reinforced concrete Grades C40/20,
C35/20, C30/20 and C25/20, the cement content should not exceed 400kg/m3
DESIGN OF CONCRETE MIXES

In addition to the concrete mixes detailed in Table A, a NO-FINES concrete mix is

required as a drainage layer below the 150mm thick structural floor slab. The
proportions by weight for cement, fine aggregate and course aggregate shall be
1:0.50:8.6 respectively and the mix having a minimum compressive strength of
5MPa at 28 days.

The mixes shall be designed, on the Contractor’s behalf, either by a suitable

trained and experienced member of his staff or by an independent testing
laboratory acceptable to the Project Manager.

Tenderers should note that the cement content required for water retaining
concrete may exceed the minimum stated above and will be depended upon the
quality and size of the aggregate and the other requirements of the specification.

1. The mixes shall be designed and tested in accordance with BS 8110 and
BS5328.
2. The mix shall not be liable to segregate;
3. Additives, except those which are designed to entrain air may be used only if
their use agreed by the Project Manager;
4. The Contractor shall supply and deliver to the Project Manager, at least four
weeks before the placing of any concrete in the Work suitable samples of the
aggregates which he proposes to use in the concrete mixes.

45
QS
5. No concrete shall be placed until the Project Manager has received endorsed
approval of the aggregate, design mixes, and the results of all tests from an
approved laboratory.
6. When submitting the design to the Project Manager, the Contractor shall also
include:

a) The grading of the course and fine aggregate

(i) in tabular form and
(ii) in graphic form, in the case of natural grading envelopes specified in
SAZ 233: 1978. Aggregates shall conform with the respective sizes as
specified herein;
b) For natural aggregates, the water/cement ratio by weight. The
amount of water to be added shall be just sufficient to make the mix
workable for the shape and size of member to the concreted, and the
method of compaction, consistent with the specified slumps.
c) The aggregate/cement ration by weight,
d) The ratio by weight of all other constituents of concrete;
e) The workability of each mix measured by both the slump and
compacting factor tests;
f) Full details of the quality control which the Contractor proposes to
use on the Works.

g) The average ultimate mix design cube strength at 28 days, the target strength
and current margin.

To ensure adequate quality control of mixes on site the Contractor shall take
samples to recommendation of BS 8110 and BS 5328.

46
QS
Sample of concrete shall be taken at the point of deposit in the Works and works
cubes made, cured and tested in accordance with the requirements of BS 1881.

All such works cubes shall be prepared in the presence of the Project Manager’s
Representative.

MEASURING CONCRETE INGREDIENTS

A combination of aggregate sizes shall be used and so combined to produce a

continuous design grading to the satisfaction of the Project Manager.

The cement, sand and the various sizes of stone shall be measured by weight in
an approved type of weigh batching plant. This is at all times to be properly
maintained by the Contractor and for this purpose the Contractor shall arrange
with a local firm for a monthly inspection and maintenance check. Should this
period prove unsatisfactory, or the rate of concreting unduly high, the Project
Manager may order checks at shorter intervals at his discretion.

At the end of each day’s work the weigh batcher shall be cleaned and covered
with a tarpaulin. The batcher shall be of a size which deals adequately with the
demands of the concrete mixers without over-loading.

Water shall be accurately measured, not by flow from a tap, but by suitable
calibrated containers properly controlled by a competent supervisor who shall be
constantly engaged in supervising the operations of weighing, mixing and placing
concrete. Water tanks, bins and containers shall be sound, of strong construction,

47
QS
without leaks and shall be sound, of strong construction, without leaks and shall
be tested from time to time for accuracy.

MIXING CONCRETE

All concrete shall be thoroughly mixed in batch mixers of approved type, size and
design, so as to ensure positively that the mixing operations gives a uniform
distribution of all the component materials throughout the mass. Each mixer and
its operation shall be approved by the Project Manager and if, in his opinion, any
mixer is producing unsatisfactory results, the contractor shall discontinue its use
until such time as it is repaired or replaced temporarily or permanently by an
approved mixer as may be required by the Project Manager. The total capacity of
the mixing plant on the site must be sufficient to permit any cast which may be
ordered being satisfactorily completed in one operation during one working day.

The exact eights of cement, sand, stone and water for each particular grade of
concrete shall be fed into the rotating mixer and be run at an even speed
thereafter for a period of not less than two minutes or such longer period as may
be required by the Project Manager; each batch shall be discharged completely
before the succeeding batch is admitted into the mixer. The mixers shall be
cleaned thoroughly at the end of each day’s run. The Project Manager shall at his
sole discretion, require at least two mixers t be available on the site during a
concrete pour.

TESTS OF CONCRETE

A provisional sum to be spent as arranged by the Project Manager has been

allowed in the Schedule of Quantities to cover all expenses in connection with

48
QS
tests on grading aggregate, trial mixes, concrete test cubes, generally in
accordance with BS 1881/1952 “Methods of Testing Concrete”.

All such Materials Testing will be carried out by an approved laboratory.

Normally, working cubes will be made once each day while concreting is in
progress, the concrete will be sampled, cured and tested in accordance with BS
1818/1952 and Section No. 6 of the Code of Practice BS8110: Part 1: 1985.

The Structural use of Concrete in “buildings” and shall develop strengths in

accordance with those stated in Table A (Clause 4.3.14) after the period stated
taken from the time of casting.

If testing the cubes fail to develop the strength specified the Contractor shall, if so
directed, at his own expenses, remove all concrete mixed on the date on which
the test cubes were made and, subject to the General Conditions of Contract,
replace such concrete by fresh concrete complying with the requirements of the
Specification. Provided always, that at least four cubes shall be prepared at any
one time from the same batch and that should two out of those tested after the
long period develop the specified strength, such concrete shall be deemed to
have satisfied the requirements of the test.

It is important to note that the Contractor must not be misguided by the low 28-
day strength specified in comparison to the high cement content is to ensure a
durable, impermeable concrete.

49
QS
DEFECTIVE CONCRETE

The Project Manager shall have the right to reject any concrete which is
honeycombed, porous, crumbly, soft after setting or defective in any way or
which is not water tight when required to be so or which has failed the test
specified in Clause 4.3.17 above. The Contractor shall thereupon immediately,
and at his own expense and subject to the Project Manager’s order and approval
cut out or otherwise remove the defective work and take such measures to
remedy the defect as are necessary, or replace it entirely with sound work or
adopt such other methods and to the complete satisfaction of the Project
Manager. All work of rectification must be carried out assiduously until the
Project Manager is completely satisfied with the results.

PLACING CONCRETE

Before concrete is deposited in a place, the foundations and formwork shall be

cleaned of all loose or extraneous matter.

All foundations shall be subject to inspection by the Project Manager, and no

foundation concrete shall be deposited by the Contractor until this inspection has
been made ad approval given for the work to proceed. Concrete shall be placed
immediately after it has been mixed and with as little delay as possible and no
concrete which has set, or which has commenced to set shall be used.

Immediately after being placed, the concrete shall be tamped and puddle so as to
work it thoroughly into contact with all formwork and around steel work, after
which it shall be left undisturbed. The concrete shall be placed without shock and
is not to be dropped or thrown from a distance into place. It shall be deposited in
layers not exceeding 500mm in depth or to such other depths as may be

50
QS
authorized. Care must be taken not to disturb or displace any reinforcement of
formwork after the latter has been fixed.

The depositing of concrete shall be carried out as continuously as possible in

order to minimize construction joints. Where joints are unavoidable such as in the
case of plant breakdown, they shall be formed straight and square in the case of
beams, slabs and wall footing, or as directed by the Project Manager. Temporary
joints shall be formed with tongued and grooved or other approved form of key
and the Contractor’s scheduled prices for concrete shall include for all necessary
shuttering for forming such temporary joint.

Where fresh concrete is to be deposited upon or against concrete work which has
already set, the surface of the latter shall first be completely removed to a depth
sufficient to expose the aggregate unless the Project Manager orders light
scratching to laitance and, immediately before the fresh concrete is placed, the
surface of the work shall be thoroughly cleaned, brushed, flushed first with
compressed air and then with water and coated with neat cement mixed in water
to the consistency of a cream. Special care must be taken in depositing the first
batch of the fresh concrete upon work which has already set so as to obtain
proper bond and complete contact with previous work, and

all succeeding batches must be deposited on the concrete just placed and not on
concrete already set, the soft concrete then being spread so that the mortar in it
makes continuous contact with the surfaces of the hard concrete. No concrete
shall e deposited during inclement weather or when the temperature is below 5
degrees Celsius.

51
QS
All concrete in the building shall be vibrated immediately after placing by means
of a type of internal “poker” vibrator to be approved by the Project Manager, and
care must be exercised to avoid vibration and also contacting or damaging
concrete which is setting, or has been placed within twelve previously.

Also in the case of floors a vibrating screed board may be used, if the Project
Manager approves but the poker type must still be available for use at the edges
of slab and in contraction gaps in the upper floor. In both cases the Contractor is
to have spare motors and pokers on hand whenever concreting is taking place. A
programme of floor casting shall be submitted for the Project Manager’s
approval.

CURING CONCRETE

After concrete has been placed and as soon as the initial set has been attained it
shall be protected from rain, sun and wind and restrained from too rapid drying
out in a manner to be approved by the Project Manager such as by placing over it
s shield of canvas, hessian or water proof paper or other approved materials and
keeping the work damp for a minimum period of fourteen (14) days. The rates
tendered for concrete in the Schedule of Quantities shall include for protecting
and curing the concrete in this manner.

BLINDING CONCRETE

Thickness shall be as shown on the drawings, or where provided for in the

Schedule of Quantities, or where ordered by the Project Manager, the bottom of
an excavation shall be covered with a screed in Grade C15/20 concrete to a depth
of 50mm below the formation level of the main concrete construction in order to

52
QS
prevent disturbance of the ground and to serve as a clean even working floor for
setting steel reinforcement.

DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES OF FINISHED CONCRETE

Except where specially noted, dimensions, levels, sizes and positions are to be
exactly as the specified dimensions with the following tolerance for concrete cast
insitu.

For main setting out horizontal or vertical dimensions in excess of 5 metres are to
have a tolerance of +/- 7mm and less than 5 metres a tolerance of +/- 5mm.

The errors in plumbing shall not be greater than +/- 5mm in 3 metres. The cover
for concrete, outside the reinforcement shall have a tolerance of +/- 5mm
Tolerance shall not be cumulative. The Contractor shall be responsible for all
corrective measures responsible for all corrective measures required by the
Project Manager to rectify work which is not constructed within the tolerance
given above.
FORMWORK

Formwork to concrete shall be carefully designed and constructed to the approval

of the Project Manager and shall be sufficiently stiffened, strutted or shored to
ensure that it shall effectively retain the unset concrete without deflection or
movement to the lines, levels, slopes and shapes indicated in the drawings or as
ordered by the Project Manager.

53
QS
Formwork to exposed surfaces shall be either of steel panels or of tempered
Masonite or similar approved material at least 6 mm thick and adequately
stiffened against warping and bulging.

All formwork shall be so constructed that it can be easily withdrawn after allowing
the requisite period of time for setting as determined by the Project Manager
without damage or defacement of the concrete surfaces. The use of wire ties
passing through the concrete will only be allowed in exceptional circumstances to
the approval of the Project Manager and the Contractor should therefore allow in
his tender for formwork designed to be supported by props and stays on the
outside of the concrete or for bolts through the walls in three sections of which
the outside two are withdrawn and the centre of section remains cast in the wall.
In circumstances shall formwork be secure to the reinforcement. Where concrete
faces slope at an angle of more than 30 degrees to the horizontal, top shuttering
shall be used, unless in the opinion of the Project Manager this is considered to
be unnecessary.

All formwork shall be of such quality that after it is struck the concrete surfaces
shall present a smooth neat finish which shall not require the use of plaster or
similar treatment to hide defects in surface appearance.

Formwork shall be oiled on working face before concrete is deposited against it

and if re-used shall be cleaned thoroughly on each occasion. All formwork shall be
examined immediately before concrete is placed and all dirt, shavings, nails,
paper or other extraneous matter removed.

The depth of formwork shall be such as to provide for conveniently cleaning,

placing, and working, tamping and vibrating without the need to displace
reinforcement and shall not exceed 1.22 metres unless approval has been given
by the Project Manager.

54
QS
Concrete work must not be subjected to any superimposed loading until four
weeks have elapsed after casting and the appropriate test cubes have proved
satisfactory. The minimum period which shall elapse between the time of placing
the concrete and the time of removal of forms shall be as follows: -
REINFORCEMENT

The steel reinforcement for concrete work shall be of square twisted steel bars or
otherwise as specified, and of the dimensions indicated on the drawings and
detailed in the Schedules of reinforcing steel. Bars shall be cut to overall lengths
required and must be perfectly straight or curved or in the case of bent bars
perfectly straight between bends. Bending shall be carried out on cold bars by
means of suitable machines to the shapes and details required before the bars are
fixed in place.

If any bar shows signs of cracking or brittleness at any bend it shall be rejected,
removed from the site and replaced by the Contractor at his own expense.

All reinforcement shall be accurately and regularly laid and built up in strict
accordance with dimensions and details given on the drawings and shall be
carefully maintained in correct position during construction to give the correct
concrete cover over the bars.

All intersections of bars shall be wired firmly with No. 16 SWG and /or No. 18
SWG soft iron wire and the reinforcement cage shall be supported by small
precast wedge shaped concrete blocks. Reinforcement in the top of slabs shall be
supported on stools as detailed.

55
QS
46

REINFORCEMENT (Cont)

Where joints are necessary in the reinforcement the bars shall overlap by the
amount indicated on the drawings, or as determined by the Project Manager.
Such laps shall be tied at the end of the respective bars with No.16 SWG and/or
No. 18 SWG soft iron wire and on no account will be the Contractor is permitted
to bind overlaps with a continuous binding of any kind. Reinforcement must be
kept entirely free from strain during concrete operations and must not be used as
a support for formwork or scaffolding.

All reinforcement shall be inspected by the Project Manager in place and no

concreting shall commence until his written approval has been obtained.

The price tendered for reinforcement shall be at a rate per kilogram or per tonne
of steel supplied and will be held to be inclusive of all work in cutting, bending,
setting and wiring and supply of all concrete block, stool, chairs, stirrups, clips and
use of reinforcement.

CEMENT GROUT

The composition of cement grout shall be 1 part of cement to 2 part of fine sand,
by volume, mixed as described for cement mortar but with additional water so
that it will be just fluid enough to fill readily all recesses and air spaces in the work
to be grouted shall first be roughened. The method of application of grout shall
be such that all recesses are effectively filled.
56
QS
 CONSTRUCTION JOINTS

Construction joints as may be required to limit the size of a concrete pour shall be
to the satisfaction of the Project Manager and agreed with his prior approval.
They shall all have an effective key (formed) on any face against which the
subsequent pour is to be bonded.

All construction joints shall be thoroughly chipped back, cleaned out, flushed with
neat cement paste before concreting of a subsequent pour proceeds.

The cost of all preparatory work as described shall be deemed to be included in

the rate given for concrete under the appropriate item in the Bill of Quantities.

EXPANSION JOINTS

Expansion joints shall be provided of the sizes and in the position indicated on the
drawings.

EXPANSION JOINTS (Cont)

All expansion joints except those in the roof slab (if any) and around columns at
floor level are to be fitted with rearguard “R” section type water-stops of the size
specified on the drawings and quality equal by those supplied by Messrs.
“Expedite”, all to all to Clause 4.2.20 and 4.2.21.

57
QS
The joint itself shall be formed against the subsequent pour by the fitting in of an
appropriate thickness of resin-bonded cork of quality equal to the proprietary
brand supplied by the Expedite Limited, or with “Hydro cell” as indicated on the
drawings, or any approved equivalent to the Project Manager’s satisfaction.

Not less than 3 weeks after the last concrete has set and dried the joints shall be
cleaned first with compressed air and sand-blasting if deemed necessary by the
Project Manager, roughened by wire brush and scrapped of all protuberances and
sticking sand.

They shall then be sealed with Thioflex “600” Epoxy sealant or plastic, if selected,
in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and to the approval of
the Project Manager.

Rubber or P.V water bars if used shall be continuous over their full length and
where butt joints are permitted these shall be welded in P.V.C; or vulcanized in
the case of rubber.

The application of these jointing compounds may be supervised by a specialist

firm of Sub-contractors approved by the Project Manager, at the expense of the
main Contractor.

CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDING FLOOR

The foundation of the building floor shall be excavated to the finished level
indicated on the drawings inspected by the Project Manager at that stage. Should
the foundation prove to be unsatisfactory, in the opinion of the Project Manager,
58
QS
then further excavation may be ordered and the excess material removed shall be
replaced by imported gravel fill or approved cement stabilised soil compacted in
layers as specified.

The concreting of the Building floor shall be carried out in separate layers, each
layer being cast in panels in the manner indicated by the drawings.

The drainage layer between the lower and upper floor slab shall be constructed of
No-Fines concrete 150mm thick. Poker vibrators shall not be used for the
construction of this section of the floor and tamping and screeding by hand will
be sufficient. A steel float approved by the Project Manager is required.

CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDING FLOOR (Cont)

The upper floor slab is to be constructed of Grade C30/20 concrete 150mm thick
and reinforced as indicated by the drawings. It shall be cast in “chequerboard”
fashion with expansion and construction / contraction joints formed and made as
specified. They shall in addition be sealed as shown on the drawings. At the
appropriate time after the concrete has taken its initial set, the surface of the
upper slab shall be sprinkled with neat cement and floated with a steel trowel to
leave a smooth impervious glass finish.

N.B No passage of wheelbarrows or other equipment will be permitted on floor

surfaces except where proper timber rails are laid and after the floor has set and
cured.
59
QS
Allowance for this shall be made in the appropriate floor concreting items.

The various panels of the upper floor slab must Not be cast until the
corresponding section of the roof slab has been completed. Under no
circumstances shall any alternative methods of concreting the upper floor slab be
permitted.

CEMENT MORTAR

Cement mortar shall be composed of 1-part cement to 2 parts fine sand fed into
the mixer or spread and turned over twice in the dry state and twice while water
is being added, sufficient water being used in either case, the mortar being
properly worked into condition to obtain proper consistency for the purpose
required.

CONSTRUCTION OF COLUMNS

Grade C30/20 concrete for columns shall be placed in lifts not exceeding 2 metres
unless provision for windows is made on the shutters. The windows are to be
placed at a distance not exceeding 2 metres apart.

TESTING OF CONCRETE

60
QS
The Contractor shall allow and assist the Project Manager, to carry out slump and
other tests of concrete as well as taking and testing cubes for compression tests,
all for the Contractor’s account.

MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT FOR SHUTTERING

No shuttering will be paid for which is not scheduled or ordered by the Project
Manager and measurements of shuttering to be made by the Project Manager for
payment will be strictly confined to the net superficial area of contact with the
finished face of concrete.

The Contractor’s scheduled prices for shuttering will be held to include for all
material, labor and workmanship required in the construction, erection,
supporting and removing of shuttering and for all fixings, splays and fillets WATER
RETICULATION

6.4.1 ASBESTOS CEMENT WATER PIPING Asbestos cement water piping and
joints shall be of approved make, conforming to the requirements of S.A.Z 113.
Joints in ac pipelines shall generally be made by the use of ac collars incorporating
two rubber rings conforming to SAZ no 196 such as fluid-tie joint or other
approved. 6.4.2 GALVANISED STEEL PIPES AND FITTINGS All steel pipes and
fittings up to 150mm diameter shall conform to SAZ 102 be hot-dip galvanised
and “medium thickness” class unless otherwise specified

61
QS
POLYTHENE WATER PIPING
Polythene water piping shall be manufactured by the extrusion method to comply
with SAZ 117 for type II Class 9 pipes unless otherwise specified with the added
requirements that the material used shall contain not less than 0.02% by mass of
anti-oxidant and that every coil of pipe supplied shall have been tested to a
pressure of 180 metres head of water before delivery. Each coil shall be clearly
stamped and numbered, and the relevant pressure test certification must
accompany delivery. Coils may additionally be subjected to a similar test by
Project Manager, and any failure may result in the rejection of the whole
consignment. The piping must satisfactory withstand British standard pipe male
taper threading so that when jointed with screwed galvanised mild steel fittings a
strong water-tight joint is made. The Project Manager will require copies of the
test certificate of the material from which the pipes are made to be submitted
with the first deliveries. If approved, all subsequent deliveries shall be of a similar
mixture and texture.

FITTINGS FOR ASBESTOS CEMENT WATER MAINS

All fittings for asbestos cement mains such as bends, Tees, flange adaptors end
caps and similar fittings be of cast iron bitumen dipped and tested to twice their
rated working pressure by the manufacturers before dispatch. Service connection
take offs are to be from malleable iron saddles, except where otherwise indicated
in the drawings or bills of quantities.

SERVICE WATER METERS

Service water meters shall be of the volumetric rotary piston type such as the
Kent psm domestic water meter or similar approved. The dial should read in cubic
meters.

HYDRANTS

62
QS
 Fire hydrants are to be in accordance with B.S. 750 with anti-clockwise opening
valve and 63mm outlet complete with loose cap of cast iron chain and gunmetal
screws outlet with round thread at 5 1/5 threads per inch.

AIR VALVES
Three types of air valves maybe specified:

51
1. Double ball with screw down type isolating valve. The large orifice is to be
suitable for admission and release of bulk volumes of air and operated by means
of a stainless steel or polyurethane float riding on vertical guides. The small orifice
is to be suitable for the release of air accumulations under normal working
conditions and shall preferably be of the lever type with stainless steel or
polyurethane float.
2. Single ball with one small orifice and flanged or male screwed inlet. Valve to be
suitable for release of air accumulations under normal operating conditions and
operated by means of lever and stainless steel or polyurethane float
. 3. As 2. Above, but with one large orifice suitable for release of bulk volumes of
air. In all cases, floats shall be designed to prevent water logging and sticking to
seats after long periods without operation. Air valve bodies’ covers, domes etc.,
and shall be cast iron or steel with phosphor bronze spindles and gunmetal orifice
or valve seating’s.

STOP VALVEs
Stop valves, 50 diameter and under, shall be screw down type manufacture in
accordance with BS 1010. Ends to the female screwed with hexagonal shoulders.
Closing shall be clockwise.

63
QS
SLUICE VALVES
Sluice valves shall conform to SAZ 149 class 10 with following gate wedge closure
and unless otherwise specified. Teflon gland packing gate closure and unless
otherwise specified. Teflon gland packing and non-rising spindle. Other pressure
ratings or accessories may be specified for certain valves. Bodies, gates and glands
shall be cast iron (or cast steel to SAZ 148), spindles bronze, sealing rings on gate
and body gunmetal or stainless steel. All valves shall be clockwise closing. Sluice
valves shall be tested to twice the rated working pressure on body and one and a
half times rates working pressure on either side of the gate. Sluice valves
designated as “scour valves ‘ are to be used in an terminal position rigidly held at
one end only are to be subjected to “open end “ tests as described in the BS 5163
and are to be drop tight on gate at nominal pressure.

BUTTERFLY VALVES
Butterfly valves shall conform to BS 5155 and shall be clockwise closing.

BOXES AND MARKERs

Valves and hydrant are boxes and pipe and valve markers shall be
constructed/fabricated in accordance with details shown on the drawings. On the
drawings.

EXCAVATION

64
QS
Stand pegs Before starting any work, the contractor must locate, mark and
protect all surveyor’s stand pegs in the vicinity. These pegs must not be covered
with spoil or moved nor in any way disturbed. Should any pegs be moved, the
client will arrange for them to be replaced in their correct position at the expense
of the contractor to whom an account will be rendered or alternatively the cost
will be deducted from the contract payments. All stand pegs must be
exposed for inspection upon completion of the contract. The land survey act
prescribes a penalty for disturbing, wilfully damaging or destroying any beacon,
and forbids the placement of pegs by anyone except a registered surveyor.

Clearing site Before commencing other works, the contractor shall clear the
surface of the ground at the site of any structure, or over any other designated
area, removing all vegetation complete with stumps and roots, including trees,
bushes, scrub and undergrowth, and also boulders, rubbish and debris. Timber
suitable for use as firewood shall be cut and stacked and, together with all other
material resulting from clearing, is to be burnt or removed completely from the
site by the contractor. In some circumstances, it may be advisable to defer
stripping grass from the site until a later stage of the programme in order to
reduce the hazard of dust during construction and the Project Manager’s approval
may be sought for this. When clearing site, the contractor shall take every
precaution to minimise the removal of topsoil.

Setting out the work The contractor will be provided with loans and sufficient
reference pegs at the site of works to enable him to set out the work. Once datum
pegs have been placed by the Project Manager, the contractor shall be
responsible for preserving them and for all further setting out and levelling.

Protection of existing pipes, cables, services and structures Before commencing

any excavation, the contractor shall obtain full information with regard to the
position of any water mains, cables, drains and other services which may be
encountered and he shall notify the proprietors concerned before commencing
65
QS
excavation in the vicinity of any service. He shall, at all times, exercise the utmost
care not the cause any disturbance or damage to services or structures.

Excavation of trenches, dimensions and protection Unless the Project Manager

directs otherwise in writing, trenches for pipes shall be excavated to widths
500mm greater than the nominal bore of the pipes. Where not indicated on the
drawings water pipe trenches are to be dug so that, in general, the depth of cover
from the top of the bedded pipe to finished ground level is not less than the
following: Under roadways 1000 mm Elsewhere 750 mm
Service connections 450 mm If so directed by the Project Manager,
minor depressions in the surface will be disregarded in determining the general
pipe level. Pipe gradients will normally follow the general slope of the ground,
ignoring the occurrence of local irregularities, such as anthills.

Depths for sewer trenches will be shown on the relevant long sections. The
Project Manager will afford the contractor level pegs at intervals which, when
read in conjunction with the longitudinal section, will indicate the depth of
excavation at the pegs, and even grade between pegs.

Wherever sandy material free from stones and clay is encountered in the
excavations, the contractor shall take care not to deposit this in the clayey
material, but shall deposit it in such a manner and position that it is readily
available for the purpose of refilling around and above the pipes. In all cases, the
length of trench to open up in advance of pipe laying is subject to the approval of
the Project Manager.

66
QS
Crossing roads and trenches Work involved in crossing minor and major roads and
stand entrances shall have carried out entirely in accordance with all
requirements of the appropriate public or statutory authority, whether these
relate to method or to timing At all road crossings, the contractor shall provide
uninterrupted passage for vehicles and pedestrians and will be entirely
responsible for marking all necessary arrangements with the authorities
concerned . Any interruption of traffic, however brief, shall be permitted only
with the express permission of the Project Manager The same principle shall
apply at stand accesses where the contractor shall arrange his operations so that
occupiers and users are not inconvenienced. To allow vehicles to cross trenches,
steel trench bridges are to be provided at least 8 metres wide for road crossings
and 3 metres wide for entrances to properties. The bridges are to be suitably
constructed out of steel plate and sections pegged to prevent movement. There
are to be sufficient bridges to be available to suit the lengths, of the trench to be
opened at any one time. The extent of each vehicular crossing is to be clearly
demarcated by means of drums or handrails painted white.

At stand entrance the contractor shall be by timber bridges provided at each

vehicular crossing or elsewhere ordered. these bridges are to have hand rails one
metre high on either side , are to be at least one metre wide and are to be at
least one and quarter metres longer than the trench width.

At stand entrances the contractor shall provide vehicular and pedestrians access
by either bridges or by backfilling and at no time will he/ she be permitted to cut
off access save with the written permission of the stand owner.

A copy of such written permission is to be handed to the Project Manager before

the entrance is closed.

67
QS
 Disposal of spoil and surplus soil It will be incumbent upon the contractor to
ascertain the method to be used in refilling, before commencing excavation and if
he fails to do this he will be required to make good any error without extra
payment. All material excavated and required for refilling shall be nearly stacked
alongside the excavation, care being taken to restrict the areas covered so as to
cause as little obstruction as possible and to avoid damage to property and
structures by the material so stacked. In addition, spoil must be kept atlas 1 metre
from an open excavation in order not to endanger the stability of the sides, and
this distance shall be increased without extra charge if the Project Manager
directs. Soft , sandy material suitable for refilling around the pipes and structures
should be readily available for the purpose after the stockings has be done and
not be covered by unsuitable materials . Access to the side of the trench shall be
provided wherever it facilitates the work or is ordered by the Project Manager.
All road metal which is disturbed shall be carefully laid aside, screened and
restored to the place on completion of refilling and any deficiency shall be made
good by the contractor at his own expense.
BLASTING Blasting should be undertaken only in the strict compliance with
government regulations and with so care to avoid damage or impairment of any
foundations, walls, pipelines , or structures whether complete or partly complete.
If blasting causes any damage, the contractor shall at his own expense, carry out
repair or restoration work as directed by the Project Manager and is to be fully
and solely responsible for all such damage and any claims that arise therefrom.
The explosives used in rock excavations shall be of moderate power and the
utmost care shall be taken to avoid shattering the rock unnecessarily. Any
shattering shall be made of good at the expense of the contractor and in the
manner ordered by the Project Manager. The contractor shall take particular care
to observe every precaution when blasting in the vicinity of buildings, structures
or services. Blasting will not be permitted in any situation where it is likely to
endanger any such works, and in

55
68
QS
these situations rock and hard material approved method which will not cause
damage. Plantations and crops shall also be safeguarded from danger. Protective
plates , mats or screams in the vicinity each time of his/her intention to blast and
shall station men with flags , horns and whistles wherever necessary to prevent
persons , animals and traffic from entering or remaining within the danger zone.
All blasted material shall be cleared up and disposed of as the Project Manager
instructs.

TIMBERING AND STRUTTING OR SIDE SLOPPING

The contractor’s rates for excavation shall allow for any timbering and shoring
required and in this connection attention is drawn to the factories and works
regulations in regard to the minimum standards for timbering excavations. The
contractor shall assume full responsibility for the safety of excavations and shall
carry out all measures necessary to make the work secure, by timbering a
strutting the excavated face or by side sloping where it is not required to act as
mould to concrete work. All timbering and strutting must be sufficient strength
and suitably arranged to permit the placing of concrete and formwork and the
laying of jointing of pipes; it must be possible to remove the timber readily as the
work proceeds. If, at any time, the Project Manager considers that an excavation
requires additional timbering or support he considers necessary; the contractor
shall immediately comply with all directions without additional charge. Where
trenches are timbered and shored , they shall be left thus until after laying and
jointing and testing of pipes and the contractor prices must provide for and will
be held to be inclusive of the cost of the use of such timbering and shoring for the
whole of this period .

ADDITIONAL EXCAVATION BELOW UNDERSIDE OF PIPE IN ROCK HARD MATERIAL

OR CLAY
Where rock, hard material, pot clay or other material occurs, of such a nature that
a firm and even bed cannot be readily obtained for the proper grading of pipes,
the contractor will be required to excavate the trench to a depth of 1. 75mm
69
QS
below the required grade of underside of the pipe in the rock or hard material, or
2. 150mm below in clay or soft material

For the full specified width of the trench and shall refill this space with approved
filling properly compacted to 95% lower compactive effort as determined by the
test described in SAZ 185, part 1, before laying commences.

TRIMMING OF TRENCHES
All this, trenches for the pipes are to be trimmed to the correct grades, as shown
on the drawings or directed by the Project Manager. If, in trimming the contractor
should remove more ground than is required to secure the proper grade for the
pipelines, and if, on account of this, it becomes necessarily further excavation to
regarded the trench, the contractor must, at his own cost, carry out such further
excavation and regarding or shall fill such excess excavation with grade 3
concrete, properly consolidated gravel, or other approval filling as directed by the
Project Manager.

JOINTING HOLES
Jointing holes shall be cut of sufficient length, width and depth to allow for proper
making of pipe joints and proper inspection of joints during testing. No specific
payment will be made fir forming or filling jointing holes and the cost of the work
must be provided for by the contractor either under the rates quoted for laying
and jointing pipes, valves and specials. The same arrangement shall apply to the
forming of holes where required for the removal of pipe slings.

70
QS
CONTRACTOR’S LIABILITY IN EXCAVATION
The contractor shall be responsible for making good or having made good at his
own expense and to the directions of the Project Manager any slips falls carvings-
in of ground, damage to walls, roads railways, sewers drains pipes, cables,
structures, or other works, and shall indemnify injury or damage to persons,
animals or other things caused by reason of his/her works or through causes in his
control. The same shall apply to nay over-excavation beyond the dimensions
specified, shown on the drawings or ordered by the Project Manager, or to any
resulting damage. Where ordered by the Project Manager, the contractor shall, at
his own expense, fill all slips, falls or over –excavation with concrete of whatever
mix may be specified, selected material compacted to the approval of the Project
Manager dry rubble or other approved material. The contractor’s prices will be
held to cover all liabilities in this respect, and the client shall have the right, if he
shall have any monies due that may become due to the contractor.
DEWATERING
The contractor shall take al risks from water, whatever the source or the cause
and shall so properly deal with and dispose of water as to ensure the safety of the
excavation and not impede the progress of the contract. He shall supply and use
sufficient machinery, including all pumps, coffer dams, troughs, sumps, pipes,
drains, and everything, required and also to provide labour and undertake
necessary pumping, baling and other work necessary to ensure that the
excavations are kept sufficiently dry to avoid the necessity for the adoption of
special precautions in pipe laying or concrete work, all without extra charge
beyond the contract price.

All side channels, sumps or temporary excavations used for dewatering are to be
formed, maintained and used outside and clear of the main works and shall be
refilled and compacted when no longer required. So the foundation s may not be
impaired, the excavation shall, at all times, be kept free of water until they have
been inspected, approved and safely covered with concrete. If the contractor
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QS
should fail or neglect thus to protect the excavations, he shall, at his/her own cost
Rectify any safely covered with concrete. Rectify any damage caused by carrying
out further excavation and refilling with concrete if ordered in writing by the
Project Manager.

STORM WATER AND SEEPAGE

All excavations are to be protected against flooding or damage by storm flow and
seepage , and the contractors’ prices will be held to allow for such protection and
for any rectification that may be required should his/her works fail to provide
complete protection.

REFILLING OF EXCAVATIONS
If compaction is done by hand, it is to be carried out with rammers of approved
type and of weight not less than 5kg. At least two men are to be engaged in
ramming to every man engaged in filling. Water shall be added in the correct
proportion to aid compaction and shall be carefully and uniformly mixed into the
soil. No filling shall be deposited in water except with the written consent of the
Project Manager.

REFILLING OF TRENCHES TO 150MM ABOVE PIPES AND SEWERS

Refilling around pipes is to be carried out as pipe laying proceeds but no material
is to be filled in over the joints or around specials until these have been inspected,
tested and approved by the Project Manager and permission is given by his /her
refilling to be done , specially selected soft material without stones is to be used
for filling in selected soft material without stones is to be used for filling in around
the pipework and to a height of at least 150mm above the top of the pipe and this
material is to be thoroughly and evenly compacted to 95% lower comp active
effort, determined by test described in SAZ 185 part 1.

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QS
REFILLING OF TRENCHES AND OTHER EXCAVATIONS IN OPEN COUNTRY
Having complied with 1.16.1 above, the contractor may then refill the remainder
of an excavation in open country, or where approved by the Project Manager,
without compaction. On completion of backfilling, the excavation shall be banked
to a height of up to 500mm above the general ground level to allow for
settlement and the backfilling subsides below ground level when called upon to
do so at any time up to the period of maintenance without additional payment.

COMPACTION AT ROAD CROSSINGS IN BUILT-UP AREAS AND WHERE ORDERED

Where a pipeline or sewer runs through a built-up area , along and across roads
or at any excavations where directed by the Project Manager , backfilling is to
compacted in 200mm layers to 93% lower compactive effort to the full depth of
the excavation and an item has been included for this work. Where ordered, the
contractor may be required to backfill the top 450mm of trench at road crossings
with a suitable gravel compacted in 150mm layers to densities up to 100% lower
compactive effort and items have been included for the supply and compaction of
the gravel.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
Suitable measures shall be taken to minimise erosion of the refilled excavations
during wet weather and to avoid the formation of waterways along trenches.
Under no circumstances, will the client be hold responsible for pipes floating due
to flooding by storm water to seepage and contractor is to ensure that, that all
times, storm flow is excluded, and seepage removed, from the excavation and
that pipelines are kept full of water where possible. Where the soil obtained from
the excavation is considered insufficient or unsuitable for refilling the Project
Manager may order the contractor not to use excavated material for refilling of

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QS
trenches. The contractor will then be required to obtain from borrow pits sand or
soil to be approved by the Project Manager , to cart all required quantities to be
approved and to remove any unsuitable excavated soil to a dumping area to be
indicated by the Project Manager.

CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS EXCAVATED

The prices tendered per linear metre or per cubic metre of excavation will be
held to apply to any class of material which may be encountered but additional
payment will be made over and above these prices for excavation In the rock or
hard material, as hereunder defined, at the prices tendered per cubic metre of
such rock or hard material

“Rock“ will be held to be a material the practicable excavations of which in the

opinion of the Project Manager, necessitates the use of explosives. when
encountered in the trenches or similar restricted excavations not suitable for
excavation with mechanical equipment , solid boulders exceeding 0,2 cubic

metres in volume and giving a clear ringing sound when struck with a hammer will
be classified as rock.

“Soft material” will be held to be material such as gravel, earth, sand, silt and clay
which, in opinion of the Project Manager, it is practicable to excavate using hand
tools such as pick and shovel.

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“Hard material“ will be held to be a material other than rock or soft material
normally requiring the use of pneumatic tools or mechanical breakers for
excavation.

The contractor’s claims for unless for extra payment for rock or hard material will
not be recognised unless the relative measurements of the material are certified
by the Project Manager, and payment will then be made at the rate billed
irrespective of the method of excavation.

BASIS OF MEASUREMENTS AND PAYMENT FOR EXCAVATION

The tendered prices for excavation and refilling in any class of material shall be
deemed to cover
1. Surface clearing , cutting all trees , removal of tree roots , removal of stones ,
brick or precast concrete slabs
2. Channelling , kerbing and paving and making good any breakages or
deficiencies thereof , side sloping , timbering, shoring, strutting, working at any
time of the year
3. Storm water and drain diversion and protection
4. Maintenance of clear passage for storm and subsoil water, dewatering grading
trimming the bottoms and inclined sides or floors and slings excavations in soft
material, forming holes for joints and slings
5. Protecting water mains ,sewers, cables , services, and structures barricading ,
watching, lighting , maintaining accesses
6. Refilling , compacting excavating supplying and carting suitable material for
refilling if deficiency is due to contractor’s improper dumping in spoil heaps ,
supplying water for dampening refilling material
7. Spreading surplus material, clearing up site on completion , maintenance and
all contingent work specified or required which is not specially listed in the bill of

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QS
quantities. The contractor rates for excavation shall be deemed to be include the
cost of any side sloping or timbering which may be necessary, for safety and no
additional payment will be made for such work No payment will be made for
forming spoil dumps, whether temporary or a permanent , as the prices for
excavation will be held to include the removal of excavated material to spoil
dumps at approved points within the curtilage of the site , the shaping of such
spoils dumps if permanent and the return or double handling of material from
temporary spoil dumps to the slopes , lines and levels shown or ordered.

PIPE TRENCHES
They will be measured and payment made either at a rate per cubic metre based
upon the product of the mean depth from ground level to the invert level of the
pipe , the width of the trench specified below and the net measured length of the
trench , or alternatively per linear metre of trench as billed. Widths of trenches
will be reckoned as being the nominal internal diameter of the pipe to be laid plus
500mm. the depths of the trenches will be reckoned to the invert level of the
pipe, and the contractor must allow in his prices for the additional excavation to
the underside of the pipe of the pipe, and for forming holes for joints and slings.
Readings shall be measured and paid as for if open trenching has been carried
out, but rock or hard material which is left unexcavated in the headings shall not
be eligible for extra payment.

OTHER EXCAVATIONS
All other excavations will be measured and paid for in cubic metres.
Measurement for payment is to be based on the dimensions shown on the
drawing or as ordered. Where outside shuttering is required by the Project

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Manager for concrete structures, a fixed allowances will be paid for in addition to
pavement for shuttering.

VALUE OF EXCAVATION BEFORE REFILING COMPLETE

When progress payments are assessed, the value of excavation shall be taken as
50% of any price tendered for excavation and bulk refilling, but refilling, but
without final clean-up, as 95% of the total price.

ROCK AND HARD MATERIAL

Will be paid for as specified in accordance with the basis of measurement
specified and at threats tendered.

EXCAVATION BELOW UNDERSIDE OF PIPES

Where ordered by the Project Manager’s representative will be measured in the
cubic metres. The width of trenches will be that specified above, the above, the
depth and length as ordered by the Project Manager.

TRIMMING
The vertical sides of any excavation and the bottoms and inclined sides or floors
of excavations in hard material or rock will be measured in square metres.

IMPORT OR EXPORT OF MATERIAL

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 To or from the site will be measured in cubic metres in a haul vehicles and paid
for in cubic metres and cubic metre kilometres irrespective of the conditions and
depth of excavation.

EMBANKMENTS
All material used in embankment will be measured in cubic metres of bank after
compaction in place and settlement to the dimensions shown on drawings or

ROAD

DESCRIPTION OF WORK
Clearing for the road means clearing the area of the road as specified hereunder,
and as ordered in writing by the Project Manager, of all trees, brush logs, stumps,
roots, heavy grass growth, topsoil containing decayed vegetable shall not exceed
the depth indicated by the design reduction factor. Where clearing is called for,
the width to be cleared will generally extent horizontally for at least 8 meters on
each side of the road centerline provided that-
a) The Project Manager may call for additional clearing on the inside of curves, at
intersections or at other places; and
b) If the toes of fills or the tops of cuts extend beyond this width, clearing if called
for, shall be under-taken to just beyond the limits of such fills or cuttings The
Project Manager may require that selected trees or shrubs within the strip to be
cleared, shall not be distributed. It is drawn to the contractor’s attention that the
ownership of all timber and grass growing on the area rests with the landowner.
All brush, grass, etc., not required by the landowner shall be burned in the center
of the cleared area or at any other agreed to or directed by the Project Manager.

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MEASUREMENT
Clearing for the road will be measured by the hectare of clearing authorized and
completed. For the purpose of measurement, the width cleared will, at any point
along the road centerline, be measured at right angles to the centerline and to
the limits of the strip cleared, irrespective of whether isolated trees or other
growth have been left undistributed within such width by the direction of the
Project Manager. Measurement for clearing will exclude the area of any existing
road which has been previously cleared.

PAYMENT
The price paid per hectare for clearing and preparing the road reserve will
include full compensation for labor, materials, tools, implements, plant and
equipment for doing work necessary for the operation as specified. The
Contractor will have no claim for extra payment because he has been required to
work round or leave undistributed any trees or growth in the cleared area.

CONSTRUCTION OF PIPE CULVERTS

DESCRIPTION OF WORK
work consists of the construction of pipe culverts which may consist of any of the
following:
- a) Plain concrete pipes with concrete surround;
b) Reinforced concrete pipes either launched or with concrete surround

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QS
 c) Cast in-situ internally formed pipes. Pipe culverts shall be constructed in
accordance with the details shown on the Drawings. The Project Manager may in
addition order the construction of concrete bedding, hunching, mass or
reinforced concrete surrounds; drop inlets, aprons headwalls and wing walls.
Culverts shall be placed in the position indicated by the drawings or as directed by
the Project Manager.

MATERIALS
Concrete The concrete shall comply with the grade specified on the drawings or
as directed by the Project Manager.

Reinforced Concrete Pipes Reinforced concrete pipes shall comply in all respect
with the latest SAZ A17.

Plain Concrete Pipes. Plain concrete pipes shall be manufactured with concrete as
specified in “Portland Cement Concrete”.Pipe molds shall be approved by the
Project Manager. Honeycombing or the other defects. Plastering of pipes to
conceal defects will not be permitted and pipes that have deemed to have been
plastered shall be rejected and removed from the site. Plain pipes shall have the
minimum shell thickness given in the following table.
INTERNAL DIAMETER Mm MINIMUM SHELL THICKNESS mm 450 40 600 50 750 55

The use of plain concrete pipes of nominal internal diameter greater than750mm
is not permitted.

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QS
 Internally Formed Pipe Culvert. Formers used in the construction of pipe culverts
may be inflatable tubing or collapsible metal sheeting. The concrete shall consist
of concrete specified in “Portland Cement Concrete” and as shown in the
Drawings. If the Contractor wishes to use an alternative design of pipe culvert he
shall submit detail of the design and method of construction at the time of
tendering.

CONSTRUCTION
Trenches. Culverts shall be constructed in trenched conditions, except where the
Project Manager has approved an alternative method. Excavation of culvert
trenches for culverts constructed below ground level shall qualify for
measurement and payment for the full depth of the excavation below
ground level.Where a culvert is designed to be constructed at ground level, or
partly below ground level the fill, subgrade and if necessary the base must first be
constructed to a level which will provide the minimum cover as specified in
paragraph 3.7 of this section. Thereafter excavation of the trench for the culvert
may commence. Where fall, subgrade, and base have been placed above the
specified minimum cover level for any particular culvert no measurement or
payment will be made for such excavation.
Culvert Foundations. The Project Manager may direct that subsoil exposed after
excavation be watered and compacted by approved methods before concrete is
placed.

Where the bottom of an excavation does not provide suitable foundation for a
culvert, the unsuitable material shall be excavated to depths indicated by the
Project Manager. Such excavation shall be made good with well consolidated
approved natural or cement stabilized granular material, or in concrete as shown
on the Drawing or as directed by the Project Manager.
Placing of Concrete Pipes 6.6.3.3.1 All concrete pipes shall be laid on a concrete
bed. Pipes shall be uniformly supported throughout their length and laid true to

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QS
line and grade Pipes which deform and cracked or are damaged before or during
the maintance period shall be removed and placed by the Contractor at his own
expense.
Internally Formed Concrete Culverts. Steel formers and inflatable tubing shall be
laid on a concrete invert slab cast to the dimensions shown in the Drawings. The
formers shall be correctly aligned and secured anchored to prevent movement
during placing of concrete. Formers shall not be deflated or removed from the
concrete surround for at least 12 hours after placing concrete.

65

Backfilling. All excavation backfilling work where required will normally be carried
out as given in “Excavation and fill”. The fill adjacent to the culvert structure shall
be constructed as specified in paragraph 2.4 Section B6 “Construction of the
Subgrade” for culverts not constructed in trench conditions. Each layer shall be
watered, thoroughly mixed and compacted to the satisfaction of the Project
Manager. No backfilling shall be placed around a culvert for at least 3 days after
placing concrete, or such other period specified by the Project Manager.

End Treatment. Where required, headwalls, including wing walls, to the inlets and
outlets to concrete pipe culverts shall be constructed in vibrated concrete in
accordance with the Drawings or as directed by the Project Manager. Where
required cladding shall be provided at the inlets and outlets to pipe culverts in
accordance with the Drawings or as directed by the Project Manager. Other forms
of end treatment such as drop inlets, silt traps, aprons, etc., shall be constructed
in accordance with the Drawings or as directed by the Project Manager.

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QS
Minimum Cover to Culverts. Minimum cover to culverts shall be 0.3m in respect
of all pipe culverts. Heavy construction equipment with axle loading in excess of
the legal limit shall not be allowed to travel over a newly constructed culvert until
the concrete has achieved its 28-day cube strength, and, only then when a
minimum cover of 1.0m has been provided and shall be removed after use, all at
the Contractor’s expense.

MEASUREMENT
Excavation The unit of measurement for the excavation of pipe culverts will be
the cubic meter and the method of measurement of excavation as given in
“Excavation and fill for Structures”.

Backfilling The unit of measurement for natural or stabilized backfill in special

treatment of foundations will be the cubic meter measurement after completion.

Concrete Pipes Concrete pipes will be measured by the linear meter of pipe in
position along the centerline. The concrete in headwalls, wing walls, aprons, drop
inlets and in the bedding, haunches and surrounds to pipes will be measured by
the cubic meter as given in “Portland Cement Concrete” , There will be no
separate measurement for formwork to concrete for piped culverts. Plain, Wired
or Grouted Cladding Plain, wired and grouted cladding at culvert inlets and
outlets, will be measured by the square meters is given in “Slope Protection and
Anti-Erosion Works”. Stabilizing Agent The unit of measurement of the stabilizing
agent is the tonne.

PAYMENT

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Excavation Payment for excavation will be as given in “Excavation and Fill”

The rate for each cubic meter of natural backfill under excavations and culvert
foundations will be as specified in Excavation and Fill

The rate for each cubic meter of stabilized backfill under and culvert foundations
will be as specified in Excavation and Fill for Structure.

Concrete Pipes The rate for each linear meter of pipe in place will include full
compensation for all labor and equipment for the supply, loading, transport, and
offloading of pipes and materials, and laying the pipes.

Concrete The rate for each cubic meter of concrete in headwalls, wing walls,
aprons, drop inlets, concrete bedding, hunching and surrounds to precast pipe
culverts and culverts constructed with internal formers will be as given in
“Concrete”. There will be no separate payment for formwork to concrete for pipe
culverts.

Stabilizing Agent The rate for each tonne of stabilizing agent will be as given in
“Excavation and Fill” and full compensation for the supply and transport of the
agent to the point of application.

Plain, Wired and Grouted Cladding Payment for each square meter of plain, wired
and grouted cladding will be as given in “Slope Protection and Anti-Erosion
Works”.

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PREPARATION OF ROADBED

DESCRIPTION OF WORK

The roadbed is that part of the ground surface uncovered by clearing the site,
completion of cuts, excavation of cuts, excavations and removal of unsuitable
material including topsoil below the depth indicated by the reduction factor, as
required on which the road structure rests. Where the roadbed is rock no
preparation is necessary, otherwise it shall be scarified to a depth of 150mm and
compacted with four passes of 50 tons’ single axle super compactor. One pass of
a super compactor means that the whole area to be compacted has been covered
without overlapping. The Project Manager will instruct in writing where roadbed
preparation is to be carried out. Additional rolling and/or watering of the
roadbed may be ordered by the Project Manager in writing. The Contractor shall
remove unsuitable material and drain water-logged areas before roadbed
preparation is undertaken. Drainage of waterlogged areas is generally achieved by
the installation of temporary open drains. Where the open drains are not
successful the Project Manager may direct that permanent sub-soil drains be
installed or alternatively, where deemed physically possible, order the removal of
the waterlogged material. It shall be the Contractor’s responsibility to identify to
the Project Manager area of waterlogged materials requiring treatment
sufficiently in advance of earthworks operations and/or roadbed preparation to
suit his works programme. Any delays to the earthworks operation occasioned by
the Contractor’s failure to notify the Project Manager of any water-logged
material shall be the Contractor’s responsibility.

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MEASUREMENT
Preparation of Roadbed The unit of measurement is the hectare of roadbed
prepared, calculated by measuring the area on which the road structure rests.

Watering Watering is measured in cubic meters of water applied where directed.

Overhaul of Water Overhaul of water is measured as given in “Haul and

Overhaul”

Additional Rolling Additional rolling ordered by the Project Manager will be

measured as plant hire and day work.

Removal of Unsuitable Material Measurement shall be as given in “Construction

of the Subgrade”.

PAYMENT of roadbed. The rate for each hectare of roadbed prepared will include
scarifying, forming, shaping and rolling of the roadbed.

Water The rate for every cubic meter of water will include full compensation for
the provision, pumping, hauling and distribution of the water.

Overhaul of Water. Overhaul will be paid for as given” Haul and Overhaul”.

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QS
Additional Rolling Payment for any additional rolling ordered by the Project
Manager will be as plant hire and day work.

Removal of Unsuitable Material Payment of excavation of unsuitable material will

be as given in “Construction of the Subgrade”

5: PREAMABLES TO SCHEDULE OF QUANTITES

GENERAL
This Preamble is to be read in conjunction with the description of
various items given in the Bill of quantities (BOQ). These items are
deemed to be a part of the BOQ and shall be read along with the same.
The rates quoted for various items in BOQ are deemed to include the
various provisions made herein. Whether specifically mentioned or not
in the BOQ, the requirements given below shall be deemed to be
included. The contractor will have to carryout the work in accordance
with the drawings, technical specifications and / or other conditions
laid down in tender document and to the full satisfaction of ZPC /ZENT
Consultants.
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QS
ZPC / ZENT Consultants reserve right of operating any item for any
work on any floor.
Rates for doors shall include all hardware brass/stainless steel Heavy
duty hardware, locks, special door handles, door buffers etc. as
specified in relative items. Size and type of door closer / floor-spring
shall be suitable for types of door. The contractor shall give guarantee
for performance of door closer / floor-spring from himself as well as
from manufacturer.
After completion of work the site shall be handed over absolutely clean,
after ensuring that all floors, walls, toilets, site area etc. are spotless
clean. The rates for all grades of concrete shall include cost of mixing by
mixer machine/RMC, concrete pump, boom placer, compaction by
mechanical vibrator, cost of mix design and testing cubes etc.

Wherever contractor proposed to use "equivalent" makes (i.e. other

than specified) he shall obtain corporation's prior approval.
Corporation may consult Consultants before giving approval to the
same. Any additional cost and time lost due to this will be on
Contractor's account and no claims will be entertained.
The contractor should take approval for make & manufacturer from
the consultants\ZPC before using any material which does not appear
in the list of approved manufacturers.
All internal framework to be coated with wood preservative & fire
retardant paint from approved make.
Rate for all items include materials, labour, testing of materials at
laboratory or site, tools & tackle, lift & lead charges, transportation

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QS
charges, loading - unloading charges, insurance cover as per tender, all
taxes & duties including works Contract Tax, VAT, service tax etc.
Polishing & painting charges wherever applicable, arranging in position,
cleaning, making mock-up etc. up to the entire satisfaction of Project-
in-charge.
The basic rates excluding taxes for some main items ( if applicable) are
mentioned in the schedule of quantities. Any actual variation in basic
rates on & above shall be paid extra after producing necessary
bills/invoice after amendment of the PO. Any rate difference shall be
reimbursed by adding rate difference to the quoted rates of the
respective items after duly certified by Engineer-in-charge/Consultants
and after obtaining necessary approval from the competent authority
for the same. If the basic rates of items procured are less than the basic
rate, the difference in the basic rate will be recovered from the
contractor RA/FINAL bill for the quantity executed under the same item
after duly certified by the Consultant.

All materials which shall be brought on site shall be of approved make

& manufacturers failing which payment shall be deducted suitably from
every running bills/final bill. Percentage of the same shall be assessed
by Consultants and they at their discretion either to ask contractor to
remove / rectify the same or to decide the new proper rate of that
particular item.

Hardwares such as Locks, Handles, Hinges, Tower Bolts, Ball Catches

etc. shall be as per approved list of makes & manufacturers.

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QS
Alternative makes shall be used for these accessories after getting
approval of consultants / owner in case of non-availability in market.

The rates for storage units shall be all inclusive of hardwares such as
locks, handles, demountable hinges/normal but hinges, tower bolts,
ball catches, etc. The mode of measurements for storage units shall be
front elevation area only unless otherwise mentioned in the item.

The payment shall be made based on actual work measured on site by

Owner/ Consultants representatives.

Basic rates of materials - wherever specified - are Exclusive of all taxes

and transportation.

All items mentioned in the SOQ are for providing, supplying and fixing,
commissioning and shall be inclusive of all taxes and duties unless
otherwise clearly specified.

All brass fittings / fixtures shall have oxidized finish except Knobs &
magnetic catches unless specified otherwise.

All shutters with locking arrangement shall be provided with brass Shoe
for key holes and magnetic catches

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QS
All wooden frameworks shall be treated with fire-retardant Paint &
anti-termite treatment. All internal faces of skinning & other wood
work shall be treated with both the above mentioned treatments from
inside.

6: HEALTHY AND SAFETY ENVIROMENT

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QS
ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY

The Contractor shall provide safe means of access to any working place
including provisions of suitable and sufficient scaffolding at various stages
during all operations of the work for the safety of his workmen, and,
ZPC/Owner. Contractor shall ensure deployment of appropriate equipment
and appliances for adequate safety and health of the workmen and
protection of surrounding areas.

The Contractor shall ensure that all their staff and workers including their
sub-contractor(s) shall wear Safety Helmet and Safety shoes. Contractor shall
also ensure use of safety belt, protective goggles, gloves etc. by the
personnel as per job requirements. All these gadgets shall conform to relevant
IS specifications or equivalent.

Contractor shall ensure that a proper Safety Net System shall be used at
appropriate locations. The safety net shall be located not more than 30
feet (9.0 meters) below the working surface at site to arrest or to reduce
the consequences of a possible fall of persons working at different heights.
3.3.4 Contractor shall ensure that flash back arrester shall be used while
using Gas Cylinders at site. Cylinders shall be mounted on trolleys.

The Contractor shall assign to his workmen, tasks commensurate with their
qualification, experience and state of health for driving of vehicles, handling
and erection of materials and equipments. All lifting equipments shall be
tested certified for its capacity before use. Adequate and suitable lighting at
every work place and approach there to, shall be provided by the
Contractor before starting the actual operations at night.

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QS
Hazardous and/or toxic materials such as solvent coating, or thinners shall
be stored in appropriate containers.

All hazardous materials shall be labelled with the name of the materials,
the hazards associated with its use and necessary precautions to be taken.

Contractor shall ensure that during the performance of the work, all
hazards to be health of personnel, have been identified, assessed and
eliminated.

Chemical spills shall be contained & cleaned up immediately to prevent

further contamination.
All personnel exposed to physical agents such as ionizing radiation,
ultraviolet rays or similar other physical agents shall be provided with
adequate shielding or protection commensurate with the type of exposure
involved.

Where contact or exposure of hazardous materials could exceed limits or

could otherwise have harmful affects, appropriate personal protective
equipments such as gloves, goggles, aprons, chemical resistant clothing and
respirator shall be used.

Reasonable Canteen facilities are made available at appropriate location

depending upon site conditions.

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QS
Suitable facilities for toilet, drinking water, proper lighting shall be provided
at site and labour camps, commensurate with applicable Laws / Legislation.

Contractor shall ensure storage and utilization methodology of materials

that are not detrimental to the environment. Where required Contractor
shall ensure that only the environment friendly materials are selected.

All persons deployed at site shall be knowledgeable of and comply with the
environmental laws, rules & regulations relating to the hazardous materials
substances and wastes. Contractor shall not dump, release or otherwise
discharge or dispose off any such materials without the express
authorization of Owner.

7 DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS

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DOCUMENTS ARE ATTACHED SEPERATELY

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QS