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Assignment

On
The 'silent crisis' of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh
Course Title: Business Communication
Course code: EMBA-501

Submitted To
Prof. Feroz Ahmed
Business Administration Discipline
Management & Business Administration School
Khulna University.

Submitted By
Md. Shohidul Islam
ID: EMBA-180342
Evening MBA Program
Business Administration Discipline
Management & Business Administration School
Khulna University.

Submission Date: 3rd July, 2018


Executive Summary
The silent crisis caused by the Myanmar authority’s ethnic cleansing of the Rohingyas
has reached to extreme proportion. The Rohingya are turned into a stateless
predominantly Muslim minority by the refusal of Myanmar to accept them as citizens
living in parts of a hostile and overwhelmingly Buddhist country. The number of
refugees is ever increasing.

Refugees has crossed half a million since the beginning of the crisis from August 24.
Since then, there have been reports of Myanmar military helicopters firing on civilians,
the executions of women and children, and the burning of entire villages. The United
Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCR) called the situation a
“textbook example of ethnic cleansing.

“Since the 1970s Rohingya refugees have been coming to Bangladesh. Most of them
are located in Teknaf and Cox’s Bazar region, a coastal area primarily dependent on
tourism. Their number is also close to 500,000. It means Bangladesh is now hosting
about a million Rohingya refugees. Experience suggests that the Myanmar government,
on one pretext or other, has been very reluctant to take back their nationals, the
Rohingyas.

Whatever the number was allowed to return to Myanmar has always been much little
than the actual number of refugees. It appears that the solution to the problem and the
return of the refugees to their will be uncertain in the near future and their stay in
Bangladesh will continue for a longer period of time.
Table of Contents
Description page
Executive Summary
Part One
Introduction
1. Background of the Study
2. Objective of the Study:
2.1. Primary Objective
2.2. Secondary Objective
3. Scope of the Study
4. Methodology of the study
5. Limitations of the Study

Part Two
Rohingya refugees Crisis
2.1. Historical Background
2.2. Understanding the Crisis
2.3. Dealing with the Recent Challenges
2.4. Impact of the Crisis
2.5. Budgetary Implications
5.1. Estimation of Requirements for the Rohingyas
5.2. Future fund requirement for the Rohingyas
5.3. What is the cost to the government of Bangladesh

Part Three
Conclusions
Appendix
Part One
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
The humanitarian crisis caused by escalating violence in Myanmar’s Rakhine State is
causing suffering on a catastrophic scale. As of 24 May, there are an estimated 905,000
refugees in Cox’s Bazar. Not only has the pace of arrivals since 25 August made this
the fastest growing refugee crisis in the world, the concentration of refugees in Cox’s
Bazar is now amongst the densest in the world. Refugees arriving in Bangladesh mostly
women and children are traumatized, and some have arrived with injuries caused by
gunshots, shrapnel, fire and landmines. As a part of MBA program our honorable course
teacher Mr. Feroz Ahmed gave me the opportunity to prepare this report on

1.2. Objective of the Study


I have prepared this report based on two purposes. Those are:-

Primary Objective
The objective of writing the report basically know how to write a report properly and
understand the importance of writing a good report in business. Other things is to teach
us know how to collecting data form relevant source and analyzing this data to make a
conclusive result from those finding.

Secondary Objective

The report aims to provide information on current situation of Rohinaya refugees in


Bangladesh and know about problems they are facing

1.3 Scope of the Study

To makes this report, I collect data and information from newspapers and internet
specially those web site published article on Rohinaya refugees in Bangladesh
1.4 Methodology of the study

This is the outline of my report preparation, from the assignment of the report to the
final preparation of the report. The steps followed are:

 Assignment of the report


 Planning the way to prepare the report
 Collection of related information
 Extract the main theme from the collected information
 Preparing the report.

1.6 Limitations of the Study

I encountered a limitation in regards to availability of information. However I tried


heart and soul to prepare this properly and well-informed .But unfortunately, I faced
some difficulties while preparing this report but in spite of trying our level best, some
difficulties that hamper our schedule report work:

 Shortage of time
 Difficulty in collecting data
 Unauthentic recourses
Part Two
Rohingya Refugees Crisis
2.1 Historical background
Since August 2017, a total of over 670,000 Rohingya refugees, or what the Government
of Bangladesh (GoB) call ‘ Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals’, have fled from
mainly Rakhine State in Myanmar, into Cox’s Bazar (CXB) District in Bangladesh.
These join a total of around 300,000 Rohingya who have been living in CXB District
since earlier times. Most of the new influx of Rohingya are now either settled in camps
or settlements across Ukhia and Teknaf, the two most southern Upazilas2 of CXB. The
largest settlement is the so called Kutupalong Batukhali Expansion Site which now
houses over 600,000 people. A further 265,000 Rohingya are living in eleven other
locations across Ukhia and Teknaf . Whilst the GoB and Government of Myanmar
(GoM) signed a repatriation agreement in November 2017, to date there has been next
to no voluntary return of Rohingya to their homeland. The United Nations (UN) has
recently released a Joint response Plan (JRP) for the Rohingya Humanitarian Crisis
covering the period March-December 2018. This details the proposed support across
CXB district for 1.3 million people, these comprising just under a million Rohingya,
and 336,000 of the host Bangladeshi community. CXB District, with seven Upazilas,
has a total population of around 2.29 million Bangladeshis, with around half a million
of these living in Ukhia and Teknaf. Some of these communities are amongst the
poorest in the country, and their situation is being in many cases worsened by the large
numbers of Rohingya arrivals. The overcrowding of the Rohingya settlements,
combined

2.2 Understanding the Crisis

The refugees who are living in Bangladesh are suffering from many humanitarian
problems. They suffer from food, shelter, water and sanitation problems. Women and
children are the worst sufferers. They have no scope to take a bath. For this, they are
becoming sick and getting affected by diseases. Now The Government of Bangladesh
(GOB) is working closely with IOM and other agencies to establish a new 2,000-acre
site. Site planners and engineers are working on access roads and layout of this large
site to allow the provision of services. Until then, services and assistance are still
required in Rohingya's villages throughout Cox's Bazar.

2.3 Dealing with the Recent Challenges

A number of challenges for Bangladesh for the short as well as longer terms. Providing
basic necessities of life like food, shelter, healthcare would be the utmost priorities in
the beginning and also for the rest of the period so long the Rohingyas stay in this
country. One estimate suggests that US$ 200 million is needed to support the current
refugees for a period of six month. This estimate was made when their number was 3,
70,000. However, in the meantime, a UN agency has requested for an international fund
for about US $250 million for a period of six months.

However, with fresh influx of Rohingyas there is all likelihood of overrunning of the
estimated costs for supporting them in the short run. It has been the experience of
different countries that hosted refugees during many humanitarian crises that
international supports especially financial reduces over time if the refugee crises persist.
In this kind of situations the ultimate financial burden of humanitarian assistance to the
distressed people falls on the host country.

Bangladesh also experienced similar situation with the earlier Roningya refugees that
were not taken back or repatriated by the Myanmar government. Here it needs to be
mentioned that another half a million Rohingya refugees are already there who came to
Bangladesh at different points of time in the last decade or so and were not repatriated
by the Myanmar government. Different forms of assistances to Rohingya refugees are
already putting pressures on Bangladesh government’s exchequer. The present influxes
of another half a million refugee will further worsen the situation in financing various
assistances.

Security concern, both internal and external, is another challenge that Bangladesh is
already facing and it will intensify further in the future with the new influx of the
Rohingya refugees. It has been reported in various news media that many local and
international terror organisations are trying to make inroads among the Rohingya
refugees. If these organisations become successful in swaying the refugees to subscribe
their extremist viewpoints and pouring terror funds then there will be serious terrorist
threats to Bangladesh. They may join hands with the already existing terrorist outfits in
the country. The other dimension of it is the possibility of committing terrorist acts in
the international arena as many of them have already been relocated in different
countries of the world. The terror networks could also bring them to their folds.

The other pertinent issue is the danger of widespread environmental degradation due to
the settlement of the refugees in areas close to hills and forest lands. Clearing of forest
land, overexploitation of natural resources to support the livelihoods of the refugees
will have serious consequences on the local environment. Bangladesh is globally
recognised as an environmentally vulnerable country and the mentioned activities will
further degrade the environment and make the country more environmentally
vulnerable.

2.4 Impact of the Crisis

Bangladesh will face several challenges due to the emergent Rohingya crisis from 3 main
aspects – economic, social and environmental. The extent of the impact of such challenges
will depend on the length of stay of the Rohingyas.

 Pressure on employment
 Depression of daily wage
 Cost of living
 Loss of school years (for locals and
Rohingyas)
 Loss of tourism (especially in St.
Martin)
 Health issues among Rohingyas and
locals (mortality and morbidity,
chronic malnutrition, respiratory
illnesses, etc.)
 Deforestation; loss of biodiversity
 Natural calamities (landslides)
 Unethical activities (drug and human
trafficking, prostitution etc.)
2.5 Budgetary Implications

2.5.1. Estimation of Requirements for the Rohingyas

The funding requirement by sector for 1.2 million Rohingya people staying in
Bangladesh for the next six months (September 2017- February 2018) is estimated to
be USD 434 million.

Appeal for additional requirement for USD 83.7 million has been made by
UNHCR..This makes the total need for the Rohingyas during September 2017 –
February 2018.

2.5.2. Future fund requirement for the Rohingyas

CPD (Centre for Policy Dialogue) has estimated the fund requirement for FY2017-18
from September 2017 to June 2018 (10 Months) based on the estimation of the
UNHCR.Assuming the requirement will be the same, an amount of USD 882 million
orBDT 7,126 crore will be required for 10 months (September 2017 – June2018).

Thus, expenditure required per Rohingya for the period September 2017 toJune 2018
is USD 735 or BDT 59,388.Per day expenditure per Rohingya stands at USD 2.45 or
BDT 198.37

2.5.3. What is the cost to the government of Bangladesh

The humanitarian support currently provided by the international organization will not
continue for a long period. Hence, the burden will befall on the government of
Bangladesh.The extent of government expenditure for the Rohingyas will depend on
the length of stay of the Rohingyas.

Given the present budgetary framework for FY 2017-18, there is not much room for
additional public spending. Discussions are ongoing for loan from the World Bank.
Part Three

Conclusion

The Rohingya crisis has given rise to multi-dimensional problem for Bangladesh.
While the government of Bangladesh and international and non-government
organizations are playing the critical role to provide humanitarian support to the
Rohingyas, major global players are yet to take strong positions in resolving the crisis.

In this situation the Government of Bangladesh has to continue energetic diplomacy,


particularly with the regional partners to solve the problem. Platforms such as
BIMSTEC and BCIM which aim to deepening regional and sub-regional trade,
investment and transport connectivity should be used for arriving at a solution.

Security measures in the Rohingya camps and adjacent areas, particularly in the
Southern of the country have to be strengthened. The law enforcing agencies have to
be vigilant to stop illegal activities, drug trade, trafficking and terrorism
Appendix

1. Addressing Rohingya Crisis: Options for Bangladesh


(www.researchgate.net/publication/272026723_The_Rohingya_Refugees_in_Bangladesh_A_
Vulnerable_Group_in_Law_and_Policy)
2. Rohingya Crisis: Can Bangladesh Meet the Challenges? -Daily Sun.
(http://daily-sun.com/printversion/details/258433/Rohingya-Crisis:-Can- Bangladesh-Meet-
the-Challenges)
3. Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh – CNN Online
(https://edition.cnn.com/2017/04/18/asia/rohingya-camps-bangladesh-ifrc/index.html )
4. Rohingya Influx –Daily Star newspaper Bangladesh
(www.thedailystar.net/backpage/rohingya-influx-affected-locals-still-uncared-1575517)

5. Rohingya Crisis – Human Right Watch


(https://www.hrw.org/tag/rohingya-crisis)

6. Lesiker’s Business communication 12th edition


Fundamental of report writing, Part four, chapter 10-12.

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