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ABSTRACT
In this research prepared composites from epoxy – nm). Initially, carbon nanotubes aroused great interest
carbon nano tube using hand lay method with in the research community because of their exotic
different volume ratios of carbon nano tube (CNT) electronic properties, and this interest continues as
(0,1,2,3,4,5)% To weight carbon nano tube different other remarkable properties are discovered and
ratio (1,2,3,4,5%) by using sensitive electrical balance promises for practical applications develop [2].A
(0.001gm) added CNT with epoxy with stirrer at 60c composite material can be defined as a combination of
one hour after that added hardener and stirrer five two or more materials that results in better properties
minute. Make electrical tests to find the electrical than those of the individual components used alone.
conductivity increased with increased ratio of CNT In contrast to metallic alloys, each material retains its
and activation energy decreased with increasing ratio separate chemical, physical, and mechanical me
of CNT . dielectric constant and dielectric loss properties. The two constituents are reinforcement
decrease with increasing frequency . Dielectric and a matrix. The main advantages of composite
constant measure the electric properties of a material materials are their high strength and stiffness,
as a function of frequency the frequency dependence combined with low density, when compared with bulk
of dielectric constant 'ε at two temperatur
temperature 20 and materials [3].
60 °c .
2. PREPARATION OF CARBON
CAR
Keywords: Carbon nano tube; Epoxy; Electrical NANOTUBE/POLYMER
POLYMER COMPOSITES
conductivity
2.1 Solution mixing
1. INTRODUCTION
Perhaps the simplest method for preparing
Epoxy resin is a cross-linked
linked polymer widely used as nanotube/polymer composites involves mixing
a matrix for advanced composites given its specific nanotube dispersions with solutions of the polymer
strength, good stiffness, chemical resistance and and then evaporating the solvents in a controlled way.
dimensional stability. The main drawback of epoxy This method has been used with a range of polymers,
resin for structural applications may be its inherent including polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene,
brittleness. The several research works have recently polycarbonate and poly (methyl methacrylate) [4]
been reinforcement of epoxy matrices with CNTs [1]. 2.2 Melt processing
Carbon nanotubes are unique nanostructures tha
that can
be considered conceptually as a prototype one one- The solution mixing approach is limited to polymers
dimensional (1D) quantum wire. The fundamental that freely dissolve in common solvents. An
building block of carbon nanotubes is the very long alternative is to use thermoplastic polymers (i.e.
all-carbon
carbon cylindrical single wall carbon nanotube polymers that soften and melt when heated), and then
(SWNT), one atom in wall thickness and tens of apply melt processing techniques. The downside is
atoms around
round the circumference (typical diameter 1.4 thatt achieving homogeneous dispersions of nanotubes
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 | July-Aug 2017 Page: 257
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
0
5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19
5-
ln σ(Ω.cm)-1
10-
k293 EP at
15- k333 EP at
20-
25-
ln w
0
2- 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19
4-
6-
ln σ(Ω.cm)-1
8-
k293 CNT at %1
10-
k333 CNT at %1
12-
14-
16-
18-
ln w
0
2- 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19
4-
6-
ln σ(Ω.cm)-1
8-
k293 CNT at %2
10-
k333 CNT at %2
12-
14-
16-
18-
ln w
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 | July-Aug 2017 Page: 258
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
0
5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19
5-
ln σ(Ω.cm)-1
10-
293CNT at %3
15- k333 CNT at %3
20-
25-
ln w
0
5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19
5-
ln σ(Ω.cm)-1
10-
k293 CNT at %4
15- k333 CNT at %4
20-
25-
ln w
5-
5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19
10-
ln σ(Ω.cm)-1
25-
ln w
Figure (1) variation of A.C conductivity of CNT /EP composites of different weight at room temperature
and 333k
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 | July-Aug 2017 Page: 259
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
3. Effect of Frequency and temperature on Dielectric constant and dielectric loss
Dielectric constant measure the electric properties of a material as a function of frequency .Figure ( 2 ) shows
the frequency dependence of dielectric constant 'ε at two temperature 20 and 60 c . It is clear from this figure
that 'ε decrease with frequency and increase with temperature . In case of polymers and composites materials (
epoxy +carbon nano tube) , the orientation polarization and interfacial polarization play an important role.
Interfacial polarization arises for electrically heterogeneous materials where two phases differ from each other
in dielectric constant and conductivity . In such materials , the mobility of the charge carrier occurs more easily
and randomly through one phase and therefore is constricted at phase boundaries [ 8] .Figure ( 3 ) show the
dielectric loss ''ε for epoxy and epoxy / CNT at 20 c and 60 c and different frequency . the dielectric loss
decrease with increasing in frequency and increase in temperature.
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
ε
293at
0.1 K333AT
0.05
0
0 5 10 15 20
ln w
3
ε
"k293CNT"at %1
2 "k333 CNT%1
1
0
0 5 10 15 20
ln w
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 | July-Aug 2017 Page: 260
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
12
10
ε
k333CNT at %2
4 k293CNT at %2
2
0
0 5 10 15 20
lnw
3
ε
k293 CNT at %3
2
k333 CNT at %3
1
0
0 5 10 15 20
ln w
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
ε
k293CNT at %4
2
1.5 k333 CNT at %4
1
0.5
0
0 5 10 15 20
ln w
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 | July-Aug 2017 Page: 261
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
ε
2 """k293CNT""at %5
1.5 """k333CNT""at%5
1
0.5
0
0 5 10 15 20
ln w
Figure (2) dielectric constant as a function of angular frequency for epoxy –CNT ) nano composites
0.012
0.01
0.008
0.006
εʹ
"k293epoxy at
0.004 "k333 epoxyat
0.002
0
0 5 10 15 20
ln w
0.45
0.4
0.35
0.3
0.25
εʹ
0.2 "k293CNT at %1
0.15 "k333CNT at %1
0.1
0.05
0
0 5 10 15 20
ln w
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 | July-Aug 2017 Page: 262
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
εʹ
k293 CNT at %2
0.2 k333 CNT at %2
0.1
0
0 5 10 15 20
ln w
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
εʹ
k293 CNT at %3
0.1 k333 CNT at %3
0.05
0
0 5 10 15 20
ln w
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
εʹ
k293CNT at %4
0.2 k333CNT at %4
0.1
0
0 5 10 15 20
ln w
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 | July-Aug 2017 Page: 263
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
εʹ
0.15 "293CNT "at %5
0.05
0
0 5 10 15 20
ln w
Figure (3) dielectric loss as a function of angular frequency for epoxy –CNT) nano composites
CONCLUSION
3) F.C. Campbell "Structural Composite Materials
1. Electrical conductivity increase with increasing
"Copyright © 2010, ASM International,
frequency and with increase ratio of carbon nano
4) P.F.harris "carbon nanotube science", Cambridge
tube.
university press, newyork, 2009 .
2. Activation energy decrease with increasing ratio
5) dmitri_kopeliovich
of CNT
"classification_of_composites.", 2012
3. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss decrease
6) B. Sapoval, and C. Hermann ,"Physics of
with increase frequency.
Semiconductors", Springer-Verlag, New York, Inc
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