AIP New Zealand GEN 2.

2 - 1

GEN 2.2 ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS USED IN

AIS PUBLICATIONS

1 ABBREVIATIONS

1.1 General
1.1.1 The abbreviations used in the AIP New Zealand are generally in
accordance with those listed in ICAO Abbreviations and Codes PANS-ABC
(Doc 8400), and CAR Part 1.
1.1.2 Abbreviations are correct in the use of upper and/or lower case
where there is an applicable international standard, such as for units of
measurement (ICAO ANNEX 5). Upper case is always used in
communications on the aeronautical fixed service, such as transmission on
the international AFTN, or in the text of NOTAM.
1.1.3 A shortened list of abbreviations is also available on the Airways
website.
1.1.4 In the following listing:
* means a non-ICAO abbreviation — for New Zealand domestic
use only
† means abbreviations and terms are to be transmitted as spoken
words when using radiotelephony
‡ means abbreviations and terms are to be transmitted as
individual letters when using radiotelephony

A
A Amber
AAA (or AAB, AAC ... etc in sequence) Amended
meteorological message
A/A Air-to-air
AAD Assigned altitude deviation
AAL Above aerodrome level
ABI Advance boundary information
ABM Abeam
ABN Aerodrome beacon
ABT About
ABV Above
AC Altocumulus

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 23 NOV 06
GEN 2.2 - 2 AIP New Zealand

† ACARS Aircraft communication addressing and reporting

system (pronounced “AY-CARS”)
† ACAS Airborne collision avoidance system (pronounced
“AY-CASS”)
‡ ACC Area control centre or area control
ACCID Notification of an aircraft accident
ACFT Aircraft
ACK Acknowledge
ACL Altimeter check location
ACN Aircraft classification number
* ACNZ Airways Corporation of New Zealand Limited
ACPT Accept or accepted
ACT Active or activated or activity
AD Aerodrome
* AD Airworthiness Directive
ADA Advisory area
ADC Aerodrome chart
ADDN Addition or additional
* ADEP Aerodrome of Departure
* ADES Aerodrome of Destination
‡ ADF Automatic direction-finding equipment or automatic
direction-finder
† ADIZ Air defence identification zone (pronounced “AY-DIZ”)
ADJ Adjacent
ADO Aerodrome office (specify service)
ADR Advisory route
ADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance — Broadcast
ADS-C Automatic Dependent Surveillance — Contract
ADSU Automatic dependent surveillance unit
ADVS Advisory service
ADZ Advise
AES Aircraft earth station
* AFFF Aqueous film forming foam
AFIL Flight plan filed in the air
AFIS Aerodrome flight information service
AFM Yes or affirm or affirmative or that is correct
* AFRU Aerodrome frequency response unit
AFS Aeronautical fixed service
AFT After ... (time or place)
‡ AFTN Aeronautical fixed telecommunications network
A/G Air to ground

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 12 FEB 09
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 3

AGA Aerodromes, air routes and ground aids

AGL Above ground level
AGN Again
AGNIS Azimuth guidance for nose-in stands
AIC Aeronautical information circular
AIDC Air traffic services inter-facility data communication
AIP Aeronautical information publication
* AIPNZ Aeronautical information publication of New Zealand
AIRAC Aeronautical information regulation and control
† AIREP Air report
† AIRMET Information concerning enroute weather phenomena
which may affect the safety of low-level aircraft
operations
AIS Aeronautical information services
ALA Alighting area
† ALERFA Alert phase
ALRS Alerting service
ALS Approach lighting system
ALT Altitude
ALTN Alternate or alternating (light alternates in colour)
ALTN Alternate (aerodrome)
AMA Area minimum altitude
AMD Amend
AMDT Amendment (AIP Amendment)
AMS Aeronautical mobile service
AMSL Above mean sea level
AMSS Aeronautical mobile satellite service
ANC Aeronautical chart 1:500 000 (followed by name/title)
ANS Answer
AOC Aerodrome obstacle chart (followed by type and
name/title)
AP Airport
† APAPI Abbreviated precision approach path indicator
(pronounced “AY-PAPI”)
APCH Approach
APDC Aircraft parking/docking chart (followed by
name/title)
APIS Aircraft parking information system
APN Apron

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 4 SEP 03
GEN 2.2 - 4 AIP New Zealand

APP Approach control office or Approach control or

Approach control service
APR April
APRX Approximate or approximately
APSG After passing
APV Approve or approved or approval
ARC Area chart
* ARC Aerodrome reference code
* ARFL Aerodrome reference field length
ARFOR Area forecast (in aeronautical meteorological code)
ARNG Arrange
ARO Air traffic services reporting office
ARP Aerodrome reference point
ARQ Automatic error correction
ARR Arrive or arrival
ARST Arresting [specify (part of) aircraft arresting
equipment]
AS Altostratus
ASC Ascend to or Ascending to
ASDA Accelerate-stop distance available
ASE Altimetry system error
ASPH Asphalt
AT At (followed by time at which weather change is
forecast to occur)
‡ ATA Actual time of arrival
‡ ATC Air traffic control (in general)
* ATCC Air Traffic Control Centre
‡ ATD Actual time of departure or Along Track Distance
ATFM Air traffic flow management
† ATIS Automatic terminal information service
ATM Air traffic management
ATN Aeronautical telecommunication network
ATP At ... (time or place)
ATS Air traffic services
* ATSC Air Traffic Services Centre
ATTN Attention
† AT-VASIS Abbreviated T visual approach slope indicator system
(pronounced “AY-TEE-VASIS”)

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 4 SEP 03
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 5

AUG August
D AUTH Authorised or Authorisation
AUW All up weight
AUX Auxiliary
* AVASIS Abbreviated visual approach slope indicator system
(pronounced “AY-VASIS”)
AVBL Available or Availability
AVG Average
† AVGAS Aviation gasoline
* AWIB Aerodrome and weather information broadcast
AWS Automatic weather station
AWTA Advise at what time able
AWY Airway
AZM Azimuth

B
B Blue
* B Bitumen
BA Braking action
† BASE Cloud base
BCFG Fog patches
BCN Beacon (Aeronautical ground light)
BCST Broadcast
BDRY Boundary
BECMG Becoming
BFR Before
* BI Bi-directional
BKN Broken
BL ... Blowing (followed by DU=dust, SA=sand or
SN=snow)
BLDG Building
BLO Below clouds
BLW Below ...
BOMB Bombing
BR Mist
BRF Short (used to indicate the type of approach desired
or required)
BRG Bearing
BRKG Braking
*† BRNAV Basic area navigation (pronounced “BEE-AR-NAV”)
BS Commercial broadcasting station
BTL Between layers
BTN Between
BWR Basic Weather Report

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 25 NOV 04
GEN 2.2 - 6 AIP New Zealand

C
C Centre (runway identification)
C Degrees Celsius (Centigrade)
* CAA NZ Civil Aviation Authority
* CAR NZ Civil Aviation Rules
*† CASO Civil Aviation Safety Order (pronounced “KAYSO”)
CAT Category
CAT Clear air turbulence
‡ CB Cumulonimbus (pronounced “CEE BEE”)
CC Cirrocumulus
CCA (or CCB, CCC ... etc in sequence) Corrected
meteorological message
CD Candela(s)
CF Change frequency to
* CF Course Fix (used with GPS approaches — often
equivalent to IF)
* CFM Confirm or I confirm
* CFZ Common Frequency Zone
CGL Circling guidance light(s)
CH Channel
CI Cirrus
‡ CIDIN Common ICAO interchange network
CIT Near or over large town(s)
CIV Civil
CK Check
CL Centre line
CLA Clear type of ice formation
CLBR Calibration
CLD Cloud
CLG Calling
* CLIAS Climbing indicated speed
CLR Cleared or Cleared to ... or Clearance
CLSD Close or Closed or Closing
CM Centimetre
CMB Climb to or Climbing to
CMPL Completion or Completed or Complete
* CMSD Commissioned
CNL Cancel or Cancelled
CNS Communications, navigation and surveillance
* COL Column
COM Communications
CONC Concrete

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 15 FEB 07
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 7

COND Condition(s)
CONS Continuous
CONST Construction or Constructed
CONT Continue or Continued
COOR Coordinate or Coordination
COORD Coordinates
COP Change-over point
COR Correct or Corrected
COT At the coast
COV Cover or Covered or Covering
‡ CPDLC Controller-pilot data link communications
CRC Cyclic redundancy check
CRZ Cruise
CS Cirrostratus
CTA Control area
CTAM Climb to and maintain
CTC Contact
CTL Control
CTN Caution
CTR Control zone
CU Cumulus
CUF Cumuliform
CUST Customs
* CVFR Controlled VFR
CVR Cockpit voice recorder
CW Continuous wave
CWY Clearway

D
* d Day
D ... Danger area (followed by identification)
* D Downhill
D Downward (tendency in RVR during previous 10
minutes)
DA Decision altitude
† D-ATIS Data link automatic terminal information service
(pronounced “DEE-ATIS”)
* DCA Director of Civil Aviation
DCD Double channel duplex
DCKG Docking

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 4 SEP 03
GEN 2.2 - 8 AIP New Zealand

* DCMSD Decommissioned
DCPC Direct controller-pilot communications
DCS Double channel simplex
DCT Direct (in relation to flight plan clearances and type of
approach)
DEC December
DEG Degrees
DEP Depart or Departure
DES Descend to or Descending to
DEST Destination
† DETRESFA Distress phase
DEV Deviation or Deviating
* DF Direction finding
DFDR Digital flight data recorder
DFTI Distance from touchdown indicator
DH Decision height
DIF Diffuse
* DISP Displaced
DIST Distance
DIV Divert or Diverting or Diversion
DLA Delay or Delayed
DLIC Data link initiation capability
* DLV Delivery
DLY Daily
DME Distance measuring equipment
DNG Danger or Dangerous
DOM Domestic
DP Dewpoint temperature
DPT Depth
DR Low drifting (followed by DU=dust, SA=sand or
SN=snow)
DR Dead reckoning
DRG During
DS Duststorm
DSB Double sideband
DTAM Descend to and maintain
DTG Date–time group
DTHR Displaced runway threshold
DTRT Deteriorate or Deteriorating
DTW Dual tandem wheels
DU Dust

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 4 SEP 03
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 9

DUC Dense upper cloud

DUR Duration
D-VOLMET Data link VOLMET
DVOR Doppler VOR
DW Dual wheels
DZ Drizzle

E
E East or Eastern longitude
EAT Expected approach time
EB Eastbound
* ECT Evening civil twilight (end of daylight)
EET Estimated elapsed time
EFC Expect further clearance
EGPWS Enhanced ground proximity warning system
EHF Extremely high frequency [30 000 to 300 000 MHz]
† ELBA Emergency locator beacon — aircraft
ELEV Elevation
ELR Extra long range
ELT Emergency locator transmitter
EM Emission
EMBD Embedded in a layer (to indicate cumulonimbus
embedded in layers of other clouds)
EMERG Emergency
END Stop-end (related to RVR)
* ENDC Endurance
ENE East north-east
ENG Engine
ENR Enroute
ENRC Enroute chart (followed by name/title)
EPIRB Emergency position indicating radio beacon
EOBT Estimated off-blocks time
* EOL Effective operational length
EQPT Equipment
ER Here  or Herewith
ESE East south-east
EST Estimate or Estimated
* ESWL Equivalent single wheel load
‡ ETA Estimated time of arrival or estimating arrival

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 4 SEP 03
GEN 2.2 - 10 AIP New Zealand

‡ ETD Estimated time of departure or estimating departure

ETO Estimated time over a significant point
* ETOPS Extended-range twin-engine operations
EV Every
EXC Except
EXER Exercises or Exercising or to Exercise
EXP Expect or Expected or Expecting
EXTD Extend or Extending

F
F Fixed
FAC Facilities
FAF Final approach fix
FAL Facilitation of international air transport
FAP Final approach point
FATO Final approach and take-off area
FAX Facsimile transmission
FBL Light (used to indicate the intensity of weather
phenomena, interference or static reports, e.g. FBL
RA=light rain)
FC Funnel cloud
FCST Forecast
FCT Friction coefficient
FDPS Flight data processing system
FEB February
FG Fog
FIC Flight information centre
‡ FIR Flight information region
FIS Flight information service
FISA Automated flight information service
* FISB Flight information service broadcasts
FL Flight level
FLD Field
FLG Flashing
FLR Flares
FLT Flight
FLTCK Flight check
FLUC Fluctuating or Fluctuation or Fluctuated
FLW Follow(s) or Following
FLY Fly or Flying

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 27 SEP 07
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 11

FM ... From (followed by time weather change is forecast to

begin)
FM From
‡ FMS Flight management system
FMU Flow management unit
FNA Final approach
* FPD Flight plan designator
FPM Feet per minute
FPR Flight plan route
FR Fuel remaining
FREQ Frequency
FRI Friday
FRNG Firing
† FRONT Front (relating to weather)
FRQ Frequent
* FS Flight service
FSL Full stop landing
FSS Flight service station
FST First
ft Feet (dimensional unit)
FU Smoke
FZ Freezing
FZDZ Freezing drizzle
FZFG Freezing fog
* FZL Freezing level
FZRA Freezing rain

G
G Green
G Indicator for variations from the mean wind speed
(gusts) (used in the METAR/SPECI and TAF code
forms)
* GA General aviation
* GAA General aviation area (applies to airspace)
G/A Ground-to-air
G/A/G Ground-to-air and air-to-ground
GAMET Area forecast for low-level flights
GEN General
GEO Geographic or true

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 4 SEP 03
GEN 2.2 - 12 AIP New Zealand

GES Ground earth station

* GG Whole hours UTC
GLD Glider
† GLONASS Global orbiting navigation satellite system
(pronounced “GLO-NASS”)
GMC Ground movement chart (followed by name/title)
GND Ground
GNDCK Ground check
‡ GNSS Global navigation satellite system
GP Glide path
‡ GPS Global Positioning System
* GPWS Ground proximity warning system
* Gp Group
GR Hail or soft hail
* Gr Grass
* Gr(f) Firm grass
* Gr(s) Soft grass
GRASS Grass landing area
GRIB Processed meteorological data in the form of grid
values (in aeronautical meteorological code)
GRVL Gravel
GS Small hail and/or snow pellets
GS Ground speed
GUND Geoid undulation

H
H High pressure area or the centre of high pressure
* ”H”, ”h” Depth of flexible pavement
H24 Continuous day and night service
HAPI Helicopter approach path indicator
HBN Hazard beacon
HDF High frequency direction-finding station
HDG Heading
HEL Helicopter
* HEL-L Light helicopter (radius of action of 50NM and
capacity for evacuating one person)
* HEL-M Medium helicopter (radius of action of 50 to 100NM
and capacity for evacuating 2–5 persons)
* HEL-H Heavy helicopter (radius of action in excess of 100NM
and capacity for evacuating 2–5 persons)

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 4 SEP 03
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 13

‡ HF High frequency [3 000 to 30 000 kHz]

HGT Height or Height above
HJ Sunrise to sunset
HLDG Holding
HN Sunset to sunrise
HO Service available to meet operational requirements
HOL Holiday
HOSP Hospital aircraft
hPa Hectopascal
HR Hours
HS Service available during hours of scheduled
operations
* HUMS Health and usage monitoring system
HURCN Hurricane
HVDF High and very high frequency direction-finding
stations (at the same location)
HVY Heavy
HVY Heavy (used to indicate the intensity of weather
phenomena, e.g. HVY RA=heavy rain)
HX No specific working hours
HYR Higher
HZ Dust haze
Hz Hertz (cycles per second)

I
IAC Instrument approach chart
IAF Initial approach fix
IAO In and out of clouds
IAR Intersection of air routes
IAS Indicated air speed
IBN Identification beacon
IC Ice crystals (very small ice crystals in suspension —
also known as diamond dust)
* ICAO International Civil Aviation Organisation
ICE Icing
ID Identifier or Identify
† IDENT Identification
IDF Initial Departure Fix
IF Intermediate approach fix
IFF Identification friend/foe
‡ IFR Instrument flight rules

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 11 FEB 10
GEN 2.2 - 14 AIP New Zealand

* IFT Instrument Flight Test (Initial Issue)

IGA International general aviation
‡ ILS Instrument landing system
IM Inner marker
‡ IMC Instrument meteorological conditions
IMG Immigration
IMPR Improve or improving
IMT Immediate or Immediately
INA Initial approach
INBD Inbound
INC In cloud
† INCERFA Uncertainty phase
† INFO Information
INOP Inoperative
INP If not possible
INPR In progress
INS Inertial navigation system
INSTL Install or Installed or Installation
INSTR Instrument
INT Intersection
INTL International
INTRG Interrogator
INTRP Interrupt or Interruption or Interrupted
INTSF Intensify or Intensifying
INTST Intensity
IR Ice on runway
ISA International standard atmosphere
ISB Independent sideband
ISOL Isolated

J
JAN January
JTST Jet stream
JUL July
JUN June

K
kg Kilogram/s
kHz Kilohertz
km Kilometre/s
kmh Kilometres per hour
kPa KiloPascal/s
kt Knot/s
kW Kilowatt/s

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 2 AUG 07
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 15

L
L Left (runway identification)
* L Litres
L Locator (see LM, LO)
L Low pressure area or the centre of low pressure
* “L”, “l” Radius of relative stiffness of rigid pavement
LAN Inland
LAT Latitude
LCA Local or Locally or Location or Located
LDA Landing distance available
LDAH Landing distance available, helicopter
LDG Landing
LDI Landing direction indicator
LEN Length
LF Low frequency [30 to 300 kHz]
* LFZ Low flying zone
LGT Light or Lighting
LGTD Lighted
LIH Light intensity high
LIL Light intensity low
LIM Light intensity medium
* LL Lower limit(s)
* LL CA Lower limit of controlled airspace
* LLZ Localiser
LM Locator, middle
LMT Local mean time
LNAV Lateral navigation
LNG Long (used to indicate the type of approach desired
or required)
LO Locator, outer
* LOA Length overall
LOC Localiser
LONG Longitude
† LORAN Long range air navigation system
LRG Long range
* LRNS Long range navigation system
LTD Limited
LTT Landline teletypewriter
LV Light and variable (relating to wind)
LVE Leave or Leaving
LVL Level
LYR Layer or Layered

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 23 SEP 10
GEN 2.2 - 16 AIP New Zealand

M
M Mach number (followed by figures)
M Indicator for minimum value of runway visual range
(used in the METAR/SPECI code forms)
m Metre/s (preceded by figures)
MAA Maximum authorised altitude
MAG Magnetic
MAINT Maintenance
MAP Aeronautical maps and charts
MAPt Missed approach point
MAR March
MAR At sea
* MAUW Maximum all-up weight
MAX Maximum
MAY May
* MBZ Mandatory Broadcast Zone
MCA Minimum crossing altitude
* MCT Morning civil twilight (beginning of daylight)
* MCTOW Maximum certificated take-off weight
MCW Modulated continuous wave
MDA Minimum descent altitude
MDF Medium frequency direction-finding station
MDH Minimum descent height
MEA Minimum enroute altitude
* MED Medical
MEHT Minimum eye height over threshold (for visual
approach slope indicator systems)
* MEL Minimum equipment list
† MET Meteorological or Meteorology
† METAR Aviation routine weather report (in aeronautical
meteorological code)
MET Local routine meteorological report (in abbreviated
REPORT plain language)
MF Medium frequency [300 to 3 000 kHz]
* MFA Minimum flight altitude
MHDF Medium and high frequency direction-finding stations
(at the same location)
MHVDF Medium, High and Very High frequency
direction-finding stations (at the same location)

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 4 SEP 03
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 17

MHz Megahertz
MID Mid-point (related to RVR)
MIFG Shallow fog
MIL Military
min Minute/s
MKR Marker radio beacon
* MLFZ Military low flying zone
‡ MLS Microwave landing system
MM Middle marker
MNM Minimum
MNPS Minimum navigation performance specifications
MNT Monitor or Monitoring or Monitored
MNTN Maintain
MOA Military operating area
MOC Minimum obstacle clearance (required)
MOD Moderate (used to indicate the intensity of weather
phenomena, interference or static reports, e.g. MOD
RA=moderate rain.)
MON Above mountains
MON Monday
MOV Move or Moving or Movement
MOPS Minimum operational performance standards
MPS Metres per second
MRA Minimum reception altitudes
MRG Medium range
MRP ATS/MET reporting point
MS Minus
* MSA Minimum safe altitude (non-ICAO usage, based on
Civil Aviation Rule Part 91.423)
* MSA 25 NM Minimum sector altitude (ICAO definition based on
25NM obstacle clearance)
MSAW Minimum safe altitude warning
MSG Message
MSL Mean sea level
MSSR Monopulse secondary surveillance radar
MT Mountain
* MTOW Maximum take-off weight
* MTP Maximum tyre pressure
MTU Metric units
MTW Mountain waves
MVDF Medium and very high frequency direction-finding
stations (at the same location)
* MWARA Major world air route area
MWO Meteorological watch office
MX Mixed type of ice formation (white and clear)

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 15 FEB 07
GEN 2.2 - 18 AIP New Zealand

N
N No distinct tendency (in RVR during previous 10
minutes)
N North or Northern latitude
* NA Not authorised
† NASC National AIS system centre
NAV Navigation
NB Northbound
NBFR Not before
NC No change
‡ NDB Non-directional radio beacon
* NDT Non-destructive testing
NE North-east
NEB North-eastbound
NEG No or Negative or Permission not granted or That is
not correct
NGT Night
† NIL None or I have nothing to send you
NM Nautical miles
NML Normal
NNE North north-east
NNW North north-west
NOF International NOTAM office
† NORDO Non-radio equipped
† NOSIG No significant change (used in trend-type landing
forecasts)
† NOTAM A notice containing information concerning the
establishment, condition or change in any
aeronautical facility, service, procedure or hazard, the
timely knowledge of which is essential to personnel
concerned with flight operations
NOV November
‡ NOZ Normal operating zone
* NPA Non-precision approach
NR Number
* NRCC National Rescue Coordination Centre
NRH No reply heard
NS Nimbostratus
NSC Nil significant cloud
NSW Nil significant weather
* NTL National
‡ NTZ No transgression zone
* NU Not usable

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 4 SEP 03
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 19

NW North-west
NWB North-westbound
* NWFC National weather forecasting centre
NXT Next
* NZ New Zealand
* NZA Controlled Airspace (followed by identification)
* NZB Mandatory Broadcast Zone (followed by identification)
* NZC Common Frequency Zone (followed by identification)
* NZD Danger area (followed by identification)
* NZDT New Zealand daylight time (UTC plus 13 hours)
* NZG General Aviation Area (followed by identification)
* NZL Low Flying Zone (followed by identification)
* NZM Military Operating Area (followed by identification)
* NZMS New Zealand Mapping Service map series number
(followed by identification)
* NZP Parachute Landing Area (followed by identification)
* NZR Restricted area (followed by identification)
* NZST New Zealand standard time (UTC plus 12 hours)
* NZT VFR Transit Lane (followed by identification)
* NZV Volcanic Hazard Zone (followed by identification)

O
OAC Oceanic area control centre
OAS Obstacle assessment surface
OBS Observe or Observed or Observation
OBSC Obscure or Obscured or Obscuring
OBST Obstacle
OCA Obstacle clearance altitude
OCA Oceanic control area
OCC Occulting (light)
OCH Obstacle clearance height
OCNL Occasional or Occasionally
* OCR Oceanic Radar Sector
OCS Obstacle clearance surface
OCT October
* OEI One engine inoperative
† OFIS Operational flight information service broadcasts
OFZ Obstacle free zone
OHD Overhead
† OKTA Eighths of sky cover
* OL Overland
‡ OLDI On-line data interchange
OM Outer marker
*† OMNI Omni-directional
OPA Opaque, white type of ice formation

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 4 JUN 09
GEN 2.2 - 20 AIP New Zealand

OPC The control indicated is operational control

† OPMET Operational meteorological (information)
OPN Open or Opening or Opened
OPR Operator or Operate or Operative or Operating or
Operational
† OPS Operations
O/R On request
ORD Indication of an order
OSV Ocean station vehicle
OTLK Outlook (used in SIGMET messages for volcanic ash
and tropical cyclones)
OTP On top
OUBD Outbound
OVC Overcast
* OW Over water

P
P Indicator for maximum value of wind speed or
runway visual range (used in the METAR/SPECI and
TAF code forms)
P ... Prohibited area (followed by identification)
*† PAL Pilot activated lighting
PALS Precision approach lighting system (specify category)
† PANS Procedures for air navigation services
† PAPI Precision approach path indicator
‡ PAR Precision approach radar
PARL Parallel
PATC Precision approach terrain chart (followed by
name/title)
PAX Passenger(s)
PCD Proceed or Proceeding
PCL Pilot-controlled lighting
PCN Pavement classification number
‡ PDC Pre-departure clearance
PDG Procedure design gradient
PER Performance
PERM Permanent
PIB Pre-flight information bulletin
† PIREP Pilot’s report
PJE Parachute jumping exercise
PL Ice pellets
PLA Practice low approach
* PLA Parachute landing area
PLN Flight plan

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 2 AUG 07
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 21

PLVL Present level

PN Prior notice required
PNR Point of no return
PO Dust/sand whirls (dust devils)
POB Persons on board
POSS Possible
PPI Plan position indicator
PPR Prior permission required
PPSN Present position
PRFG Aerodrome partially covered by fog
PRI Primary
PRKG Parking
† PROB Probability
PROC Procedure
PROV Provisional
PS Plus
PSG Passing
PSN Position
‡ PSR Primary surveillance radar
PSYS Pressure system
PTN Procedure turn
PTS Polar track structure
* PVT Private
PWR Power

Q
‡ QDM Magnetic heading (zero wind)
‡ QDR Magnetic heading
‡ QFE Atmospheric pressure at aerodrome level (or at
runway threshold)
‡ QFU Magnetic orientation of runway
‡ QNH An altimeter sub-scale setting to obtain elevation
when on the ground
‡ QTE True bearing
‡ QUAD Quadrant

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 4 SEP 03
GEN 2.2 - 22 AIP New Zealand

R
R Indicator for runway visual range (used in the
METAR/Speci code forms)
R Red
R Right (runway identification)
R Restricted area (followed by identification)
* R VOR Radial, e.g. R345
RA Rain
RAFC Regional area forecast centre
RAG Runway arresting gear
RAG Ragged
RAI Runway alignment indicator
† RAIM Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring
† RASC Regional AIS system centre
RB Rescue boat
RCA Reach cruising altitude
RCC Rescue Coordination Centre
RCH Reach or Reaching
RCL Runway centre line
RCLL Runway centre line light(s)
RCLR Recleared
* RDARA Regional and Domestic air route area
RDH Reference datum height
RDL Radial
RDO Radio
* RDPS radar data processing system
RE ... Recent (used to qualify weather phenomena, e.g.
RERA=recent rain)
* RE Rolled earth
REC Receive or Receiver
REDL Runway edge light(s)
REF Reference to ... or Refer to ...
REG Registration
† REIL Runway end identifier lights
RENL Runway end light(s)
REP Report or Reporting or Reporting point
REQ Request or Requested
RERTE Re-route
RESA Runway end safety area

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 16 MAR 06
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 23

* RESTR Restriction(s)
* RF Radio frequency
RF Constant radius arc to a fix
* RFDPS radar and flight data processing system
* RFS Rescue fire service
RG Range (lights)
RHC Right-hand circuit
RIF Re-clearance in flight
RITE Right (direction of turn)
RL Reporting leaving
RLA Relay to
RLCE Request level change enroute
RLLS Runway lead-in lighting system
RLNA Request level not available
RMK Remark(s)
† RNAV Area navigation (pronounced “AR-NAV”)
RNG Radio range
RNP Required navigation performance
* RNZAF Royal New Zealand Air Force
† ROBEX Routine OPMET Bulletin Exchange (scheme)
ROC Rate of climb
ROD Rate of descent
ROFOR Route forecast
* ROL Route operating limitation
RON Receiving only
‡ RPI Radar position indicator
RPL Repetitive flight plan
RPLC Replace or Replaced
* RPM Revolutions per minute
RPS Radar position symbol
RQMNTS Requirements
RR Report reaching
RSC Rescue sub-centre
RSCD Runway surface condition
RSP Responder beacon
RSR Enroute surveillance radar
RTE Route
RTF Radio telephone
RTG Radiotelegraph
RTHL Runway threshold light(s)
RTN Return or Returned or Returning

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Effective: 8 APR 10
GEN 2.2 - 24 AIP New Zealand

RTODAH Rejected take-off distance available, helicopter

RTS Return to service
RTT Radio teletypewriter
RTZL Runway touchdown zone light(s)
RUT Standard regional route transmitting frequencies
RV Rescue vessel
‡ RVR Runway visual range
† RVSM Reduced vertical separation minimum
RWY Runway

S
s Second/s
S Indicator for state of the sea (used in the
METAR/SPECI code forms)
S South or Southern latitude
SA Sand
SALS Simple approach lighting system
SAN Sanitary
SAP As soon as possible
SAR Search and rescue
SARPS Standards and recommended practices [ICAO]
SAT Saturday
† SATCOM Satellite communication
SB Southbound
SC Stratocumulus
SCT Scattered
SDBY Standby
SE South-east
SEB South-eastbound
SEC Seconds
SECN Section
SECT Sector
* SEIFR Single-engined IFR
† SELCAL Selective calling system
SEP September
SER Service or Servicing or Serviced
SEV Severe (used to qualify icing and turbulence reports)

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Effective: 4 SEP 03
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 25

SFC Surface
SG Snow grains
SGL Signal
SH Showers (followed by RA=rain, SN=snow, PL=ice
pellets, GR=hail, GS=small hail and/or ice pellets or
combinations thereof, e.g. SHRASN=showers of rain
and snow)
SHF Super high frequency [3 000 to 30 000 MHz]
† SID Standard instrument departure
SIF Selective identification feature
SIG Significant
† SIGMET Information concerning enroute weather phenomena
which may affect the safety of aircraft operations
SIGWX Significant weather
SIMUL Simultaneous or Simultaneously
SIWL Single isolated wheel load
SKC Sky clear
SKED Schedule or Scheduled
SLP Speed limiting point
SLW Slow
SMC Surface movement control
SMR Surface movement radar
SN Snow
SNOCLO Indicator for the aerodrome being closed due to snow
on the runway (used in the METAR/SPECI code forms)
† SNOWTAM A special series NOTAM notifying the presence or
removal of hazardous conditions due to snow, ice,
slush or standing water associated with snow, slush
and ice on the movement area, by means of a specific
format
* SOT Start of take-off run available
D † SPECI Aviation selected special weather report
(in aeronautical meteorological code)
† SPECIAL Special meteorological report (in abbreviated plain
language)
SPOC SAR point of contact
† SPOT Spot wind
SQ Squall

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Effective: 29 JUL 10
GEN 2.2 - 26 AIP New Zealand

SQL Squall line

SR Sunrise
SRA Surveillance radar approach
* SRC Standard Route Clearance
SRE Surveillance radar element of a precision approach
radar system
SRG Short range
SRR Search and rescue region
SRY Secondary
SS Sandstorm
SS Sunset
SSB Single sideband
SSE South south-east
‡ SSR Secondary surveillance radar
SST Supersonic transport
SSW South south-west
ST Stratus
* St Stabilised
STA Straight-in approach
† STAR Standard instrument arrival
STD Standard
STF Stratiform
STN Station
STNR Stationary
STOL Short take-off and landing
STS Status
STWL Stopway light(s)
* SUA Special Use Airspace
SUBJ Subject to
SUN Sunday
SUP Supplement (AIP Supplement)
SUPPS Regional supplementary procedures
SVC Service message
SVCBL Serviceable
* SVFR Special visual flight rules
SW South-west
SWB South-westbound
SWY Stopway

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Effective: 29 JUL 10
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 27

T
T Temperature
* T True (bearing, heading, track)
TA Transition altitude
† TACAN UHF tactical air navigation aid
† TAF Aerodrome forecast
* TAIC Transport Accident Investigation Commission
† TAIL Tailwind
* TALO Touchdown and lift-off area (located at a heliport)
TAR Terminal area surveillance radar
TAS True air speed
TAX Taxiing or Taxi
* TBA To be advised
TC Tropical cyclone
* TCAD Traffic alert and collision avoidance device
* TCAS Traffic alert and collision avoidance system
* TCH Threshold crossing height — ILS, PRA, PAPI and
VASIS glide path (measured in feet above runway
threshold)
TCU Towering cumulus
TDO Tornado
TDZ Touchdown zone
TDZE Touchdown zone elevation
TECR Technical reason
TEL Telephone
† TEMPO Temporary or Temporarily
TFC Traffic
TGL Touch-and-go landing
TGS Taxiing guidance system
THR Threshold
THRU Through
THU Thursday
† TIBA Traffic information broadcast by aircraft
† TIL Until
TIP Until past ... (place)
TKOF Take-off
TL ... Till (followed by the time by which weather change is
forecast to end)

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Effective: 23 NOV 06
GEN 2.2 - 28 AIP New Zealand

TLOF Touchdown and lift-off area

* TM Transponder mandatory (used after text listing of
airspace)
TN Indicator for minimum temperature (used in the TAF
code form)
TNA Turn altitude
TNH Turn height
TO To ... (place)
TOC Top of climb
TOD Top of descent
TODA Take-off distance available
TODAH Take-off distance available, helicopter
† TOP Cloud top
TORA Take-off run available
TP Turning point
TR Track
TRA Temporary reserved airspace
TRANS Transmits or Transmitter
† TREND Trend forecast
TRL Transition level
TROP Tropopause
TS Thunderstorm (in aerodrome reports and forecasts,
TS used alone means thunder heard but no
precipitation at the aerodrome)
TS ... Thunderstorm (followed by RA=rain, SN=snow,
PL=ice pellets, GR=hail, GS=small hail and/or snow
pellets or combinations thereof, e.g.
TSRASN=thunderstorm with rain and snow)
* TSO Technical standard order
TT Teletypewriter
TUE Tuesday
TURB Turbulence
† T-VASIS “T” visual approach slope indicator system
(pronounced “TEE-VASIS”)
TVOR Terminal VOR
TWR Aerodrome control tower or Aerodrome control
TWY Taxiway
TWYL Taxiway-link
TX Indicator for maximum temperature (used in the TAF
code form)
TYP Type of aircraft
TYPH Typhoon

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Effective: 23 NOV 06
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 29

U
* U Uphill
U Upward (tendency in RVR during previous 10
minutes)
UAB Until advised by ...
UAC Upper area control centre
UAR Upper air route
* UAV Unmanned aerial vehicle
UDF Ultra high frequency direction-finding station
UFN Until further notice
UHDT Unable higher due traffic
‡ UHF Ultra high frequency [300 to 3 000 MHz]
UIC Upper information centre
‡ UIR Upper flight information region
* UL Upper limit(s)
ULR Ultra long range
UNA Unable
UNAP Unable to approve
*† UNICOM Universal Communication Service
UNL Unlimited
UNREL Unreliable
U/S Unserviceable
‡ UTC Co-ordinated universal time

V
V Indicator for variations from the mean wind direction
(used in the METAR/SPECI code forms)
VA Volcanic ash
VAAC Volcanic ash advisory centre
VAC Visual approach chart
VAL In valleys
VAN Runway control van
VAR Visual-aural radio range
VAR Magnetic variation
† VASIS Visual approach slope indicator system
VC Vicinity of the aerodrome (followed by FG=fog,
FC=funnel cloud, SH=showers, PO=dust/sand whirls,
BLDU=blowing dust, BLSA=blowing sand or
BLSN=blowing snow, e.g. VCFG=vicinity fog)

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Effective: 15 FEB 07
GEN 2.2 - 30 AIP New Zealand

VCY Vicinity
VDF VHF direction-finding station
VER Vertical
‡ VFR Visual flight rules
‡ VHF Very high frequency [30 to 300 MHz]
* VHZ Volcanic hazard zone
‡ VIP Very important person
VIS Visibility
VLF Very low frequency [3 to 30 kHz]
VLR Very long range
VMC Visual meteorological conditions
VNAV Vertical navigation
† VOLMET Meteorological information for aircraft in flight
* VNC Visual navigation chart
‡ VOR VHF Omni-directional radio range
*† VORSEC VOR/DME Minimum Sector Altitude Chart
† VORTAC VOR and TACAN combination
VOT VOR airborne equipment test facility
VPA Vertical path angle
* VPC Visual planning chart
VRB Variable
VSA By visual reference to the ground
* VSM Vertical separation minimum
VSP Vertical speed
VTOL Vertical take-off and landing
VV Vertical visibility (used in the METAR/SPECI and TAF
code forms)

W
W West or Western longitude
W White
WAC World Aeronautical Chart — ICAO 1:1 000 000
(followed by name/title)
WAFC World area forecast centre
* WAFS World area forecast system — ICAO
WB Westbound
WBAR Wing bar lights
WDI Wind direction indicator
WDSPR Widespread
WED Wednesday
WEF With effect from or effective from

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Effective: 17 MAR 05
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 31

WGS 84 World Geodetic System — 1984

WI Within
WID Width
WIE With immediate effect or effective immediately
† WILCO Will comply
WINTEM Forecast upper wind and temperature for aviation
WIP Work in progress
WKN Weaken or Weakening
* WMO World meteorological organisation
WNW West north-west
WO Without
WPT Way-point
WRNG Warning
WS Wind shear
WSPD Wind speed
WSW West south-west
WT Weight
WTSPT Waterspout
WWW Worldwide web
WX Weather

X
X Cross
XBAR Crossbar (of approach lighting system)
XNG Crossing
XS Atmospherics

Y
Y Yellow
YCZ Yellow caution zone (runway lighting)
YR Your

Z
Z Co-ordinated universal time

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Effective: 4 SEP 03
GEN 2.2 - 32 AIP New Zealand

2 DEFINITIONS

2.1 List of Definitions

2.1.1 The definitions listed below are used in AIS publications:
Accelerate stop distance available (ASDA): Accelerate stop distance
available for an abandoned take-off. ASDA is the declared length of the
runway available, plus the length of the stopway (if provided).
Aerobatic Flight: Any intentional manoeuvre in which the aircraft is in
sustained inverted flight or is rolled from upright to inverted or from
inverted to upright position, or manoeuvres such as rolls, loops, spins,
upward vertical flight culminating in a stall turn, hammerhead or whip stall,
or a combination of such manoeuvres.
Aerodrome: Any defined area of land or water intended or designed to be
used either wholly or partially for the landing, departure, surface
movement, and servicing of aircraft. This includes any buildings,
installations and equipment on or adjacent to the area used in connection
with the aerodrome or its administration.
Aerodrome elevation: The elevation of the highest point of the landing
area.
Aerodrome Ground Services: Services provided at an aerodrome,
including Aeronautical Information Service pre-flight briefing, Air Traffic
Services (aerodrome control, aerodrome flight information service, alerting
service), Rescue Fire Service, Aviation Security Service, and MET service.
Aerodrome reference point: The designated geographical location of an
aerodrome.
Aerodrome Traffic Circuit: The specified path to be flown by aircraft
operating in the vicinity of an aerodrome.
Aeronautical fixed telecommunication network (AFTN): A worldwide
system of aeronautical fixed circuits provided, as part of the aeronautical
fixed service, for the exchange of messages and/or digital data between
aeronautical fixed stations.
Aircraft Operating Agency: The person, organisation or enterprise
engaged in, or offering to engage in, an aircraft operation.
Air Taxi: Instruction to a helicopter to proceed expeditiously from one
point to another, normally below 100ft AGL and at speeds above 10kt.
Air Traffic Control (ATC): A service provided for the purpose of
preventing collisions between aircraft, preventing collisions on the
manoeuvring area between aircraft and obstructions, and expediting and
maintaining a safe and efficient flow of air traffic.

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Effective: 9 APR 09
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Air Traffic Services (ATS): A set of services including air traffic control,
flight information service, aerodrome flight information service (AFIS),
alerting service, and any other service considered by the Director to be
necessary or desirable for the safe and efficient operation of the civil
aviation system.
Alerting service: A service provided to notify appropriate organisations
regarding aircraft in need of search and rescue aid, and assistance for such
organisations as required.
An alerting service is provided to aircraft that:
(a) are provided with an air traffic control service; or
(b) file a flight plan; or
(c) submit a SARWATCH; or
(d) are known by any air traffic service to be in need of assistance
(includes unlawful interference).
Altitude: The vertical distance of a level, a point or an object considered
as a point, measured from mean sea level (MSL).
Apron: A defined area on a land aerodrome intended to accommodate
aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers or cargo,
refuelling, parking, or maintenance.
Area minimum altitude (AMA): The minimum altitude to be used under
instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), that provides a minimum
obstacle clearance within a specified area, normally formed by parallels and
meridians.
Note: The minimum vertical clearance is 300m (1000ft) or in designated
mountainous terrain 600m (2000ft) above all obstacles located in the area
specified, rounded up to the nearest (next higher) 30m (100ft).
Barometric Vertical Navigation (Baro-VNAV): A navigation system
that presents to the pilot computed vertical guidance referenced to a
specified vertical path angle (VPA), nominally 3°. The computer-resolved
vertical guidance is based on barometric altitude and is specified as a
vertical path angle from RDH.
Baro-VNAV approach procedures utilise a DA/H and not an MDA/H, and
neither a FAF nor a missed approach point (MAPt) are identified. They use
obstacle assessment surfaces similar to those for ILS, but based on the
specific RNAV lateral guidance system.
Ceiling: The height above the ground or water of the base of the lowest
layer of cloud below 20,000ft covering more than half the sky.

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Effective: 4 JUN 09
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Change-over point (COP): The point at which an aircraft navigating on

an ATS route segment defined by reference to very high frequency
omnidirectional radio ranges is expected to transfer its primary
navigational reference from the facility behind the aircraft to the next
facility ahead of the aircraft.
Change-over points are established to provide the optimum balance in
respect of signal strength and quality between facilities at all levels to be
used and to ensure a common source of azimuth guidance for all aircraft
operating along the same portion of a route segment.
Controlled airspace: An airspace of defined dimensions within which an
air traffic control service is provided to IFR flights, and to VFR flights, in
accordance with the airspace classification.
Controlled flight: Any flight that is provided with an air traffic control
service.
Decision Altitude (DA) or Decision Height (DH): A specified altitude or
height in the precision approach, or approach with vertical guidance, at
which a missed approach must be initiated if the required visual reference
to continue the approach has not been established. DA is referenced to
mean sea level, and DH is referenced to the threshold elevation.
Design Aeroplane: The largest aeroplane the aerodrome is intended to
serve. In the case of taxiway markings, the design aeroplane is the
aeroplane with the greatest wheelbase that the aerodrome is intended to
serve.
Design Helicopter: The largest helicopter the heliport is intended to
serve.
Domestic: A term pertaining to either an aerodrome which is not a
designated international aerodrome, airspace, Air Traffic Services, or flight
operations contained wholly within the New Zealand Flight Information
Region and between New Zealand and the Chatham Islands.
Elevation: The vertical distance of a point or a level, on or affixed to the
surface of the earth, measured from mean sea level.
Estimated Off-Block Time (EOBT): The estimated time at which the
aircraft will commence movement associated with departure.
Note: The EOBT is the estimated time at which the aircraft will commence
movement associated with departure and is specified in field 13 of the
ICAO flight plan. Airlines consider this time to be doors closed, or parking
brake off, or disconnection from the air-bridge.
Estimated Time of Departure (ETD): The estimated time at which the
aircraft will commence take-off.

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Effective: 4 JUN 09
 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 35

Flight information service: A service provided for the purpose of giving

advice and information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flights.
Flight level: A surface of constant atmospheric pressure which is related
to a specific pressure datum 1013.2 Hectopascals (hPa) (29.92 inches) and
is separated from other such surfaces by specific pressure intervals.
Height: The vertical distance of a level, a point or an object considered as
a point, measured from a specified datum.
Heliport: Any defined area of land or water, and any defined area on a
structure, intended or designed to be used either wholly or partly for the
landing, departure, and surface movement of helicopters.
Hover Taxi: Instruction to a helicopter to proceed at a slow speed above
the surface, normally below 20kt and in ground effect.
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO): The United Nations
specialised agency established under the convention on international civil
aviation (Chicago convention). New Zealand is a signatory to this
convention. Standards and recommended practices contained in the
annexes to the convention form the basis for the New Zealand aviation
regulatory regime, and are often referred to as “ICAO standards”.
Landing area: That part of a movement area intended for the landing or
take-off of aircraft.
Level: A generic term relating to the vertical position of an aircraft in flight
and meaning variously height, altitude or flight level.
A pressure type altimeter calibrated in accordance with the Standard
Atmosphere:
(a) when set to a QNH altimeter setting, will indicate altitude; and
(b) when set to a pressure of 1013.2 hPa (29.92 in), may be used to
indicate flight levels.
The terms “height” and “altitude” used above indicate altimetric rather
than geometric heights and altitudes.
Manoeuvring area: That part of an aerodrome to be used for the take-off
and landing of aircraft, and for the surface movement of aircraft associated
with take-off and landing, but does not include areas set aside for loading,
unloading, or maintenance of aircraft.
Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) or Minimum Descent Height (MDH):
A specified altitude or height in a non-precision approach or circling approach
below which descent must not be made without the required visual reference.
MDA is referenced to mean sea level and MDH is referenced to the aerodrome
elevation or to the threshold elevation if that is more than 7ft below the
aerodrome elevation. MDH for a circling approach is referenced to the
aerodrome elevation.

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Effective: 4 JUN 09
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Minimum enroute altitude (MEA): MEA is the lowest altitude at which

adequate NDB signal can be received on an NDB route.
Minimum flight altitude (MFA): The lowest level at or above the route
sector minimum safe altitude/MRA/MEA or upper limit of Volcanic Hazard
Zone or Danger/Restricted Area, as appropriate, in accordance with the
direction of flight as prescribed in CAR Rule Part 91.425.
Minimum reception altitude (MRA): MRA is the lowest altitude at which
adequate VOR signal can be received on a VOR route.
Minimum safe altitude: The lowest altitude, rounded up to the nearest
100ft, which provides the terrain clearance required by CAR 91.423. Note
that this is not the ICAO MSA (minimum SECTOR altitude) which in New
Zealand is referred to as MSA 25NM — see below.
Minimum sector altitude (MSA 25NM): The lowest altitude that may be
used that will provide a minimum clearance of 1000ft (2000ft in designated
mountainous zones) above all objects located in an area contained within a
sector of a circle of 25NM radius centred on a radio aid to navigation or,
where associated with GNSS procedures, the Aerodrome Reference Point.
Movement area: That part of an aerodrome area to be used for the
take-off, landing and taxiing of aircraft, consisting of the manoeuvring area
and apron(s).
NOTAM: A notice containing information concerning the establishment,
condition or change in any aeronautical facility, service, procedure or
hazard, the timely knowledge of which is essential to personnel concerned
with flight operations. NOTAM are distributed by means of
telecommunications.
Procedure Altitude: A recommended altitude established to accommodate
a stabilised descent profile on a prescribed descent angle in the final
approach segment. Procedure altitudes may also be applied in the
intermediate segment. A procedure altitude will never be less than the
segment obstacle clearance altitude.
Rated coverage: The rated coverage of an NDB is the area surrounding
the NDB within which bearings can be obtained with an accuracy sufficient
for the nature of the operation concerned. The area is defined by a radial
distance from the NDB. This is similar to the ICAO term effective coverage.
Required navigation performance (RNP): A statement of navigation
performance accuracy necessary for operation within a defined area of
airspace.
RNP type means a containment value, expressed as a distance in nautical
miles from the intended position, within which flights would be for at least
95% of the total flight time.

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 AIP New Zealand GEN 2.2 - 37

Runway end safety area: A cleared and graded area off the end of the
runway strip intended to minimise damage to aircraft in the event of the
aircraft undershooting or overrunning the runway.
SARTIME: The time nominated by a pilot for the initiation of alerting
action.
Segment OCA: An altitude that provides required obstacle clearance for a
given segment of the approach. It is a minimum altitude established by the
procedure designer and is meant to be a “do not descend below” altitude.
Simultaneous operations: Two or more aircraft, operating from parallel
runways, taking off and/or landing at the same time. In this context
take-off is from the start of the take-off roll to becoming airborne, and
landing is from touchdown to completion of the landing roll.
Terminal Controlled Airspace: CTA airspace established to provide
services to controlled flights operating to/from aerodromes located beneath
that airspace.
Transition altitude: The altitude at or below which the vertical position of
an aircraft is controlled by reference to altitudes.
Transition level: The lowest flight level available for use above the
transition altitude.
May also be known as the Lowest Usable Flight Level.
The transition level is FL150, except that:
(a) when the zone area QNH is 980 hPa or less, FL160 is to be used; or
(b) within the area of a circle of 20NM radius centred on Mt Cook, FL160
is to be used if the aircraft is in IMC.
Transition layer: The airspace between the transition altitude and the
transition level.
Vicinity of an Aerodrome: An area around an aerodrome where aircraft
carry out manoeuvres associated with entering, leaving, or operating within
the circuit.
The size of this area will depend on the type of aircraft operating in the
circuit and shall not extend laterally beyond 10NM from the aerodrome.
Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC): Meteorological conditions
expressed in terms of visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling equal to or
better than specified minima.
VMC varies according to the type of airspace, and is equivalent to the MET
requirements for VFR flight in that class of airspace (Refer ENR 1.2 Visual
Flight Rules).
Visual Reference: Continuous reference to terrain (land or water).

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Effective: 4 JUN 09
GEN 2.2 - 38 AIP New Zealand

E Civil Aviation Authority

Effective: 6 JUL 06