CONDITIONALS & WISH/ IF ONLY

CONDITIONALS

CONDITIONAL TYPE 0

We use this type when we refer to scientific facts. Also, we use it when we refer to stupid or logical
facts too.

IF/UNLESS + PRESENT SIMPLE, PRESENT SIMPLE

If you put your hand in a fire, you burn it.

CONDITIONAL TYPE 1

We use this type when we negotiate, when we talk about probable results in the future.

IF/UNLESS + PRESENT SIMPLE, MODAL VERB + INFINITIVE + COMP.

!!! remember the modal verb can be: will, can, may, might, should…..!!!

If we pass the b2 we should organize a super party!

CONDITIONAL TYPE 2

We use this type to refer to wished and hypotheses. The result is not very likely to occur.

IF/UNLESS + PAST SIMPLE, PAST MODAL + INFINITIVE + COMP.

If the teacher were a nice person, she wouldn’t give us so much homework

CONDITIONAL TYPE 3

We use this type when we refer to actions in the past. We use them to regret about these actions in
the past.

IF/UNLESS + PAST PERFECT, MODAL PERFECT + PARTICIPLE + COMP.

If my brother had been good this year, he could have got many presents this year.

WISH/ IF ONLY USES

WISHES IN THE PRESENT

WISH/ IF ONLY + PAST SIMPLE: I wish you were here/ if only the exam was easier

WISHES IN THE FUTURE

WISH/ IF ONLY + COULD + INFINITIVE: If only we could travel to Rome in summer

WISHES IN THE PAST

WISH/ IF ONLY + PAST PERFECT: She wished she had bought a lottery ticket

COMPLAINTS ABOUT PRESENT & FUTURE BEHAVIOURS

WISH/ IF ONLY + WOULD + INF: I wish you wouldn’t smoke in here

1. It was a mistake to go to England in winter. 10. I’m sorry but I can’t help you now.

- I wish - I wish

2. She is so careless! 11. The computer was stolen because nobody saw
the thief.
- If only
- If someone
3. You press this button to stop the machine.
12. I really want you to stop smoking.
- If
- I wish
4. My advice is that you must go to the doctor.
13. He shouts so much, and it’s so annoying!
- If I
- I wish
5. I’m sorry I didn’t meet you at the station.
14. I didn’t have an umbrella with me and so I get
- If only wet.
6. It’s a pity you don’t like this food. - I wouldn’t
- I wish 15. I’ll call the police if you don’t leave me alone.
7. What a pity Mary didn’t remember to take the - Unless
camera.
16. In the snowy weather, we don’t go to the
- I wish Mary school.
8. You should tell them immediately. - If
- If I 17. Without Jack’s help, I wouldn’t have been able
9. She should have called her parents earlier. to move the table.

- I wish - If

B2 - KEY WORD TRANSFORMATIONS

1.-Paying in cash entitles you to a special discount.

provided
You are entitled to a special discount ................................................ in cash

2.-They didn't go on a picnic because it was raining heavily.

rain
But ........................................... , they would have gone on a picnic.

3.-It is possible that your flight will be delayed, so take a book to read.
case
Take a book to read ......................................... delayed.

4.-John had better call the police if he notices any suspicious characters.
should
John had better call the police ...................................... any suspicious characters.

5.-It would be foolish of him not to consider this opportunity.

if
It would be foolish of him ............................... this opportunity.
6.-With your encouragement, the players will improve.
long
The players will improve .......................................... them.

7.-They missed the turn because they didn't see the sign.
sign
Had ............................................, they wouldn't have missed the turn.

8.-The doctor warned him to quit smoking so that his health wouldn't deteriorate.
up
The doctor warned him that his health would deteriorate if ............................................. smoking.

9.-I'll call the police if the neighbours don't stop shouting.

stop
I'll call the police ................................... shouting.

10.-I learnt to swim because you encouraged me.

never
I ......................................... to swim if you hadn't encouraged me.

11.-He didn't win the race because he isn't a fast runner.

would
If he were a fast runner, he ............................ the race.

12.- I think you shouldn't tell anyone about it.

I
If ....................................., I wouldn't tell anyone about it.