Proper Land Use: Planning and Zoning
Land Use Policy/ Land Use Plan
Land is a fundamental material resource and
primary platform for economic and other
social activities.
What is the importance of land?
1. Land strongly affect ecological processes
and the abundance and distribution of
species
2. Land may be called the original source of
all material wealth
3. It is nescessary for all production
regardless of its form
4. Supports all living organisms
5. All humans performs activities on land
Land Use refers to a manner of utilization of
land, including its allocation, development
and managemnt. It also involves the
modification of natural environment or
wilderness into built environment such as
settlements and semi-natural habitats such as
arable fields, pastures, and managed woods.
Land Use Classifications:
1. Recreational – used for human
pleasure. (parks,museum,theater,sport
grounds)
2. Transportation – for roads, railways,
etc.
3. Industrial - “heavy” industrial uses are
where large pieces of land is required
and pollution is likely to be high.
(factories for manufacturing)
4. Agricultural – used for the rearing of
livestock and production of crops.
(farmland / cropland)
5. Residential – housing predominates.
(single-family housing,multi-family
residential, or moile homes)
6. Commercial – businesses predominates
(shops,resorts, restaurants, etc)
Defines the ways by which land (including its
water esources) hould be used. It directly
affects the value of land which is related to
its productive ptential.
National Land Use and Allocation Scheme
1) Land Classification – involves the
assesment of unclassified lands under the
public dommain which include surveying,
classifying studying and mapping areas
into agricultural, forest or timber, mineral
and national parks
2) Land Reclassification – allocation and
disposition of lands of the public dommain,
classified as alienable and disposable into
specific uses
3) Land Sub-Classification – the act of
determining and assigning the use of
classified public lands
4) Zonig the legislative act delineating areas or
districts withi the territorial jurisdiction of
cities and municipalities that may be put to
specific uses and their regulations, subject
to lmitations imposed by law or competent
authority.
5) Land Use Conversion – the act of
putting a piece or parcel of land into a type
of use other than that for which it is
curretly being utilized.
Land Zoning
Zoning creates different districts/zones in a
city or country each of which sets specific
rules on how the land in that district can be
used. It may also indicate the size and
dimensions of land area as well as the form
and scale buildings in order to guide urban
growth and evelopment.
1. Residential Zoning can include Single
Family Residences (SFR), Suburban
Homestead (SH), or any number of other
designation which cover homes,
apartments, duplexes, trailer parks, co-ops,
and condominiums. Residential zoning can
cover issues such as whether mobile homes
can be placed on property, and the number of
structures allowed on certain property.
2. Commercial Zoning usually has several
categories and is dependant upon the
business use of the property, and often the
number of business patrons. Office buildings,
shopping centers, nightclubs, hotels, certain
warehouses, some apartment complexes -- as
well as vacant land that has the potential for
development into these types of buildings --
can all be zoned as commercial.
3. Industrial Zoning can be specific to the type
of business. Environmental factors including
noise concerns usually are issues in
determining into which industrial level a
business falls. Manufacturing plants and many
storage facilities have industrial zoning.
Certain business -- such as airports -- may
warrant their own designations.
4. Agricultural Zoning is generally used by
communities that are concerned about
maintaining the economic viability of their
agricultural industry. Agricultural zoning
typically limits the density of development
and restricts non-farm uses of the land.
5. Rural Zoning designation is often used for
farms or ranches. In certain parts of the
country, this designation will include
residences zoned to allow horses or cattle.
6. Combination Zoning can be combined to
form some sort of combination zone, many of
which are unique to the community adopting
the particular designation.
7. Historic Zoning - Homes and buildings over fifty
years old are often included in historic zones.
These zones have regulations which prevent
the alteration of the structures from the
original conditions, although there are
allowances for repair and restoration in
keeping with the historic plan. Frequently,
buildings in these areas can qualify for
governmental tax incentives.
Land Use Planning
Refers to the rational and udicious approach of
allocating available land resources to
different land using activities for different
functions consistent with the overall
development vision/goal of a particular city.
Urban Sprawl
Urban sprawl is the spreading of urban
developments (such as houses and
shopping centers) on underdeveloped land
near a city
Types of Urban Sprawl
1) Low density continous sprawl is
caused by outward spreading of low
density suburban land
2) Ribbon sprawl is characterized by
concentration of development along major
transportation arteries, primarily roads
3) Leapfrog development sprawl is
scattered form of urbanization, interspered
with green areas.
Ecological effects of Urban Sprawl:
 Destruction of wildlife habitat
 Introduction to non-native species
 Increased risk of water pollution
 Increased potential of flooding
Advantages of Sprawl:
 Improvement of quality of life in range of
flat (housing estate with block of
flats vs. own detached house)
 Improvement of life quality in range of
environment and landscape
 Nearness of recreation space
  Improved qualityof life in terms of safety
 Promotes technological progress in
agriculture
What is Land Reclamation?
Land reclamation is the gain of land from the sea,
or wetlans, or other water bodies, and
restoration of productivity or use to lands that
have been degraded by human activities or
impaired by natural phenomena.
Methods of Land Reclamation:
1) Dry method – filling the required area with
large and heavy rocks and/or cement, then
building up to the required height level using
clay or other soil in a process called 'infilling'
Prescribing the guidelines of Sec. 20, R.A. 7160,
authorizing cities/municipalities to reclassify
lands into non-agricultural uses.
3. Executive order No.124
Establishing priorities and procedures in
evaluating areas for land conversion in regional
agricultural/industrial centers, tourism
development areas and sites for socialized
housing.
4. Administrative Order No. 363
Prescribing guidelines for the protection of areas
non-negotiable for conversion and monitoring
compliance with sec. 20 of the local government
code
5. Sec. 21, Article II of the 1987 Constitution
the State shall promote comprehensive rural
development and agrarian reform

2) Hydraulic method – used when fill material is

obtained from an offshore borrow source, but
is only suitable for granular soil which has
good drainage chatacyeristics.

3) Rehandling method – use of barges to

transport and dump fill material in a
temporary storage pit which ay have a
capacity to several million cubic meters.

4) Hydraulic filling method – suitable for

granula fill and is generally used when filling
is carried from a rehandling pit or a trailer
suction hopper dredger.

5) Sand spreading method – used when there is

a shallow seabed or the seabed soil is too soft
for hydraulic filling.

Laws regarding proper land use

1. Executive order No.72

Providing for the preparation and implementation of
the Comprehensive Land Use Plans (CLUPs) of
Local Government Units pursuant to the Local
Government Code of 1991 and other pertinent laws.

2. Memorandum circular No.54