Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BY
E.Divya1 , R.Shanthini2, S.Arulkumaran3
Student, Dept. of civil engg., IFET college of engg., India 1, 2
Asst. professor, Dept. of civil engg., IFET college of engg., India3
ABSTRACT
The use of quartz sand as replacement for sand is an economical solution for making the
concrete resistant to weathering. The paper presents a concrete mix design procedure for
partial replacement of sand with quartz sand. Present method was performed to evaluate
the additional compressive, flexural strength with higher slump over conventional concrete
in which sand is replaced with 0%, 25%, 50% and 100% of quartz sand by weight with 1%
super plasticizers. The research also revealed that there is possibility of replacing fine
aggregate with quartz sand in the production of structural concrete. The mix proportion
adopted was 1:1.7:3 as per 10262:2009. Compressive and flexural strength tests were
carried out to evaluate the strength properties of concrete at the age of 7 and 28 days.
Modulus of elasticity tests were carried out at the age of 28 days.
1. INTRODUCTION
Quartz is the most abundant silica mineral. Pure Quartz is colourless and transparent. It
occurs in most igneous and practically all metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. Quartz is
mainly made up of silica. The formula for it is SiO2. It has a hardness of 7 on the Mohs
scale. It is highly resistant to both mechanical and chemical weathering. This durability
makes it the dominant mineral of mountaintops and the primary constituent of beach, river
and desert sand. Quartz is ubiquitous, plentiful and durable.
Sand becomes a scarce material, alternative for sand is needed all over, and also providing
good strength than conventional concrete and some additional advantages, this experiment
is done. This study gives a new alternative for fine aggregate. Resistant nature to
weathering is very useful for buildings in future.
Quartz sands are used for traction in the railroad and mining industries. These sands are
also used in recreation on golf courses, volleyball courts, baseball fields, children’s sand
boxes and beaches.
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It is also used in glass manufacturing, petroleum industry, as an abrasive. Quartz sand is
used as filler in the manufacture of rubber, paint and putty. Quartz is very resistant to both
chemicals and heat. It is used as a foundry sand with a melting temperature higher than
most metals. Refractory brick are often made of quartz sand because of its high heat
resistance.
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1.1 OBJECTIVES
• Sand becomes a scarce material, alternative for sand is needed all over, and also
providing good strength than conventional concrete and some additional advantages, this
experiment is done.
• Compare the strength properties of conventional concrete mix M20 with the properties of
concrete with quartz sand partially replacing sand.
• Find the optimum percentage of quartz sand that can be replaced for sand.
• Evaluate the properties of fresh concrete and strength properties of hardened concrete.
• This study gives a new alternative for fine aggregate. Resistant nature to weathering is
very useful for buildings in future.
2. EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAMME
The Experimental Program was designed to investigate the effect on the properties of the
concrete by using quartz sand as a partial replacement for fine aggregate with different
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proportions 0%, 25%, 50%, 100%.For each test at each curing age, and the average values
were used for analysis.
3. MIX PROPORTION:
0% 100%
25% 75%
50% 50%
100% 0%
The ordinary Portland cement was classified in to three grades, namely 33grades, 43
grades and 53 grades depending upon the strength of the cement at 28 days when tested
as per IS 4031-1988. If 28 days strength is not less than 53N/mm2, it is called 53 grade
cement. It is proposed to study the properties of high strength concrete of grade M20.
Adopting 53 grade cement for the study.
4.1.4 Water
Water is needed for the hydration of cement and to provide workability during mixing and
for placing. Portable tap water available in the laboratory with pH value of 7.0 and
conforming to the requirements of IS456-2000 is used for making concrete and curing the
specimen as well.
4.2 PROPERTIES
4.2.1 Properties of Quartz sand
Specific gravity = 2.45
Water absorption = 1.98%
Fineness modulus = 4.2
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5.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
5.1 Results of Compressive Strength Tests on Concrete Cubes
The specimens are tested to find out the mechanical properties. The concrete cube
specimens were placed over the Compression Testing Machine and the load was gradually
applied till the failure of the specimen. The ultimate load was noted down as collapse load
and compressive strength was calculated. The results of the compressive strength tests on
concrete cubes are shown in Table1 and Graph1.
% 7 days 28 days
0% 17.29 25.9
The results of the compressive strength of concrete cubes show that the compressive
strengths reduced as the percentage Quartz sand increased. However, the compressive
strengths increased as the number of days of curing increased for each percentage Quartz
sand replacement. It is seen from Table 1 that for the control cube, the compressive
strength increased from 17.29 N/mm2 at 7 days to 25.9 N/mm2 at 28 days.
After replacing 50% of quartz sand replacement the compressive strength increased from
18.93 N/mm 2 to 28.4 N/mm2.This is the optimum strength value of compressive strength.
The results of the Flexural Strength tests on concrete beams are shown in Table2 and
Graph 2
Table 2: Flexural Strength of Concrete beams with various percentages of Quartz sand
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Quartz sand replacement Flexural Strength (N/mm 2 )
% 7 days 28 days
0% 2.1 3.18
Graph 2: Flexural Strength of Concrete beams with various percentages of Quartz sand
The results of the Flexural strength of concrete beams show that the Flexural strengths
reduced as the percentage Quartz sand increased. However, the Flexural strengths
increased as the number of days of curing increased for each percentage Quartz sand
replacement. It is seen from Table 2 that for the control beam, the Flexural strength
increased from 2.1 N/mm2 at 7 days to 3.18 N/mm2 at 28 days. At the 50% replacement of
quartz sand, the flexural strength increased from 2.3 N/mm2 to 3.48 N/mm2.At that
percentage the optimum flexural strength is obtained.
The test specimens as per IS: 516· 1959 (15mm diameter and 300mm height). The
specimens are placed, with the strain-measuring system attached in the testing machine
making certain that the load transfer system is properly aligned. Zero the strain indicators.
Apply the tensile load continuously and without shock as prescribed in CRD-C 164. Record,
without interruption of loading, the applied load and axial strain. Axial strain is defined as
the total axial deformation divided by the effective gage length.
0 30827.15
25 32243.07
50 32332.12
100 32275.38
Table 2: Young’s modulus of Concrete cylinders with various percentages of Quartz sand
Graph 3: Young’s modulus of Concrete cylinders with various percentages of Quartz sand
6. CONCLUSION
Based on experimental research for concrete made with partial replacement of fine
aggregate by quartz sand with different percentage (0%,25%,50% and 100%) are
conducted, the test results show clearly that 50%quartz sand as a partial replacement of
fine aggregate has beneficial effects of the mechanical properties concrete & the following
conclusions are drawn at 28 days.
7. REFERENCE
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[2] Foundry Industry Recycling Starts Today (FIRST), Foundry Sand Facts for Civil
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We are thankful to E.Divya for submitting this research paper to us. We are hopeful that
this will be of great use to all engineers who are looking for more information on
“Behaviour Of Concrete Partially Replacing Quartz Sand As Fine Aggregate.“
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