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PENYUSUN
ABU AHMAD FAUZAN AL-MAIDANI
DAFTAR ISI
Daftar Isi ..................................................................................................................................... 1
Kata Pengantar ............................................................................................................................ 5
Pembahasan Isim-Isim Yang Marfu’ ........................................................................................ 6
1. Fa’il (Subjek) ............................................................................................................................ 6
- Fa’il (Subjek) Dari Isim-Isim Zhohir ......................................................................................... 6
- Fa’il (Subjek) Dari Isim-Isim Dhomir ........................................................................................ 7
- Fa’il (Subjek) Dari Isim-Isim Isyaroh ....................................................................................... 8
- Fa’il (Subjek) Dari Isim-Isim Maushul ...................................................................................... 9
2. Naibul Fa’il ............................................................................................................................... 10
- Naibul Fa’il Dari Isim-Isim Zhohir ............................................................................................ 10
- Naibul Fa’il Dari Isim-Isim Dhomir ........................................................................................... 11
- Naibul Fa’il Dari Isim-Isim Isyaroh ........................................................................................... 12
- Naibul Fa’il Dari Isim-Isim Maushul ......................................................................................... 13
3. Mubtada’ Dan Khobar .............................................................................................................. 14
- Mubtada’ Dari Isim-Isim Zhohir Dan Khobarnya ...................................................................... 14
- Mubtada’ Dari Isim-Isim Isyaroh Dan Khobarnya ..................................................................... 15
- Mubtada’ Dari Isim-Isim Dhomir Dan Khobarnya .................................................................... 16
- Mubtada’ Dari Isim Nakiroh Dan Khobarnya ............................................................................ 17
- Khobar Mubtada’dari Syibhul Jumlah........................................................................................ 18
- Khobar Mubtada’dari Jumlah Ismiyyah ..................................................................................... 18
- Khobar Mubtada’dari Jumlah Fi’liyyah ..................................................................................... 19
4. Isim Kaana Dan Saudari Saudarinya ........................................................................................ 22
- Isim Kaana Dari Isim-Isim Zhohir ............................................................................................. 23
- I’irob Saudari- Saudari Kaana .................................................................................................... 23
5. Khobar Inna Dan Saudari Saudarinya ....................................................................................... 26
- Khobar Inna Dari Isim-Isim Zhohir ............................................................................................ 26
- Khobar Inna Dari Isim-Isim Dhomir ......................................................................................... 27
- Khobar Inna Dari Syibhul Jumlah .............................................................................................. 28
- Khobar Inna Dari Jumlah............................................................................................................ 29
- I’irob Saudari- Saudari Inna ....................................................................................................... 30
Pengikut- Pengikut Isim Yang Marfu’...................................................................................... 33
1. Na’at (Sifat)............................................................................................................................... 33
- Na’at Haqiqiy (Na’at Mufrod) .................................................................................................... 33
- Na’at Syibhul Jumlah ................................................................................................................ 34
- Na’at Jumlah .............................................................................................................................. 34
- Na’at Sababiy.............................................................................................................................. 35
2. Athof ......................................................................................................................................... 36
- Ma’na Huruf-Huruf Athof .......................................................................................................... 36
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3. Taukid ....................................................................................................................................... 38
- Taukid Lafziy.............................................................................................................................. 38
- Taukid Ma’nawiy........................................................................................................................ 39
4. Badal ........................................................................................................................................ 40
- Badal Muthobik (Badal Kulli Minal Kulli) ................................................................................ 40
- Badal Ba’du Minal Kulli ........................................................................................................... 41
- Badal Isytimal ............................................................................................................................. 42
- Badal Mubayin (Badal Gholat) ................................................................................................... 42
Pembahasan Isim-Isim Yang Manshub .................................................................................... 43
1. Maf’ul Bih (Objek) ................................................................................................................... 43
- Maf’ul Bih (Objek) Dari Isim-Isim Zhohir ................................................................................ 43
- Maf’ul Bih (Objek) Dari Isim-Isim Dhomir Muttashil .............................................................. 44
- Maf’ul Bih (Objek) Dari Isim-Isim Dhomir Munfashil ............................................................ 45
- Maf’ul Bih (Objek) Dari Isim-Isim Isyaroh ............................................................................... 47
- Maf’ul Bih (Objek) Dari Isim-Isim Maushul ........................................................................... 47
2. Maf’ul Mutlaq (Masdar) ........................................................................................................... 48
- Maf’ul Mutlaq Untuk Menguatkan Ma’na Fi’il ......................................................................... 48
- Maf’ul Mutlaq Untuk Menjelaskan Jenis Fi’il ........................................................................... 49
- Maf’ul Mutlaq Untuk Menjelaskan Bilangan Fi’il ..................................................................... 49
- Pengganti Maf’ul Mutlaq ............................................................................................................ 50
3. Maf’ul Fih (Kata Keterangan Waktu dan Tempat) ................................................................... 50
- Maf’ul Fih dari Zhorof Zaman (Kata Keterangan Waktu) ...................................................... 50
- Maf’ul Fih dari Zhorof Makan (Kata Keterangan Tempat) .................................................... 51
- Zhorof Yang Mabniy ................................................................................................................. 51
- Pengganti Zhorof ........................................................................................................................ 53
4. Hal (Penjelas Keadaan) ............................................................................................................. 54
- Hal Dari Isim-Isim Zhohir .......................................................................................................... 54
- Hal Dari Syibhul Jumlah ............................................................................................................ 55
- Hal Dari Jumlah Ismiyyah .......................................................................................................... 56
- Hal Dari Jumlah Fi’liyyah .......................................................................................................... 57
5. Tamyiz ...................................................................................................................................... 58
- Tamyiz Zat (Tamyiz Mufrod) ..................................................................................................... 58
- Tamyiz Nisbah (Tamyiz Jumlah) ............................................................................................... 58
- Tamyiz Nisbah (Tamyiz Jumlah) Perpindahan Dari Mubtada’ ................................................. 59
- Tamyiz Nisbah (Tamyiz Jumlah) Perpindahan Dari Fa’il ......................................................... 59
- Tamyiz Nisbah (Tamyiz Jumlah) Perpindahan Dari Maf’ul Bih ............................................... 59
6. Mustasna ................................................................................................................................... 59
- Mustasna Yang Wajib Dinashobkan .......................................................................................... 60
- Mustasna Yang Boleh Dinashobkan Dan Boleh Di’irob Sebagai Badal ................................... 60
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- Mustasna Yang Di’irob Sesuai Kedudukannya pada kalimat .................................................... 62
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5. Uslub Ighro’ (Anjuran) ............................................................................................................. 100
6. Uslub Tahzir (Peringatan) ......................................................................................................... 100
7. Uslub Ikhtishos (Pengkhususan) ............................................................................................... 101
8. Uslub Istighosah (Memohon Pertolongan) ............................................................................... 102
9. Uslub Nudbah (Ratapan)........................................................................................................... 103
I’irob Fi’il – Fi’il ......................................................................................................................... 104
1. I’irob Fi’il Madhi ...................................................................................................................... 104
- Contoh-Contoh Kalimat Fi’il Madhi .......................................................................................... 104
2. I’irob Fi’il Amar........................................................................................................................ 106
- Contoh-Contoh Kalimat Fi’il Amar............................................................................................ 106
3. I’irob Fi’il Mudhori’ ................................................................................................................. 107
- I’irob Fi’il Mudhori’yang Marfu’ ............................................................................................... 107
- Contoh-Contoh Kalimat Fi’il Mudhori’yang Marfu’ ................................................................. 107
- I’irob Fi’il Mudhori’ Yang Manshub ......................................................................................... 109
- Penashob- Penashob Fi’il Mudhori’ .......................................................................................... 110
- Contoh-Contoh Kalimat Fi’il Mudhori’yang Manshub.............................................................. 110
- I’irob Fi’il Mudhori’ Yang Majzum ........................................................................................... 113
- Penjazm-Penjazm Satu Fi’il Mudhori’ ....................................................................................... 114
- Contoh-Contoh Kalimat Fi’il Mudhori’ Yang Dijazmkan ......................................................... 114
- Contoh-Contoh Kalimat Dua Fi’il Mudhori’ Yang Dijazmkan dengan 2 Huruf Syarat ........... 116
- Contoh-Contoh Kalimat Dua Fi’il Mudhori’ Yang Dijazmkan dengan Isim-Isim Syarat ........ 116
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................................................. 120
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KATA PENGANTAR
ﺎت أ َْﻋ َـﻤﺎﻟِﻨَﺎ َﻣ ْﻦِ إِ ﱠن اﻟْـﺤﻤ َﺪ ِﱠِ ﻧَـﺤﻤ ُﺪﻩ وﻧَﺴﺘَﻌِﻴـﻨُﻪ وﻧَﺴﺘَـ ْﻐ ِﻔﻴـﺮﻩ وﻧَـﺘُـﻮب إِﻟَﻴ ِﻪ وﻧَـﻌﻮذُ ِ ِ ِﻣﻦ ُﺷﺮوِر أَﻧْـ ُﻔ ِﺴﻨَﺎ وِﻣﻦ ﺳﻴِ ـﺌ
َ َّ ْ َ ُْ ْ ْ ُ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ُُ ْ ْ َ ُ ْ ْ َ ُ َ ْ َْ
.ُأَ ْﺷ َﻬ ُﺪ أَ ْن ﻻَ إِﻟَﻪَ إِﻻﱠ ﷲُ َو أَ ْﺷ َﻬ ُﺪ أَ ﱠن ُﳏَ ﱠﻤ ًﺪا َﻋْﺒ ُﺪﻩُ َوَر ُﺳ ْﻮﻟُﻪ,ُي ﻟَﻪ ِ ِ ْ ﻀ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪ وﻣﻦ ﻳ
ِ ﻳـﻬ ِﺪ ﷲ ﻓَﻼَ ﻣ
َ ﻀﻠـ ْﻠﻪُ ﻓَﻼَ َﻫﺎد ُ ْ ََ ُ ُ ُ َْ
Alhamdulillah tak henti-hentinya saya panjatkan puji dan syukur ke hadirat Alloh Subhaanahu
wa Ta’aala karena berkat rahmat dan hidayahNya saya memperoleh kesempatan untuk menyusun kitab
yang berada di tangan pembaca ini yang saya beri judul “ إِ ْﻋﺮاﺑِ َـﻬﺎ ِ ِ ِ اﻋ ُﺪ اﻟﻨِ ” ﻗَـﻮyaitu
َ ﱠﺤﻮ َوأ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ﺟـَُﻤﻠ َﻬﺎ َﻣ َﻊ
ْ َ kitab
yang berisi “Qoidah-Qoidah Ilmu Nahwu dan Contoh-Contoh Kalimatnya Beserta I’irobnya”.
Sholawat beriring salam semoga senantiasa di limpahkan kepada junjungan kita Rasulullah
Muhammad Shollallohu ‘alaihi wasallam, keluarganya, Para Sahabatnya dan orang-orang yang
mengikuti mereka dengan baik sampai hari kiamat kelak.
Kitab yang saya susun ini adalah sebagai lanjutan dari kitab yang telah saya susun sebelumnya
yaitu kitab “AL-AHSAN” yang membahas “Qoidah Ilmu Nahwu Dan Penjabaran I’irobnya Serta
Qoidah Ilmu Shorof Mulai Dari Tingkat Dasar Sampai Tingkat Mahir Beserta Beberapa Kosa Kata
Tematik “ dan bagi siapa yang telah mempelajari kitab tersebut dan memahaminya dengan baik maka
bisa memperdalam materi ilmu yang berkaitan dengan “i’irob nahwu” dengan mempelajari kitab
lanjutan yang saya susun ini. Kitab yang saya susun adalah untuk mempermudah para penuntut ilmu
untuk menguasai materi yang berkaitan dengan i’irob nahwu dan bagi yang ingin memperdalam
pembahasannya bisa langsung mempelajari kitab-kitab induknya yang tentu saja pembahasannya lebih
luas dan lebih lengkap lagi.
Akhirnya hanya kepada Alloh Subhaanahu wa Ta’aala sajalah saya memohon hidayah dan
ampunan serta limpahan Rahmat dan KaruniaNya. Saya juga berharap semoga kitab ini bisa
bermanfaat bagi para penuntut ilmu yang ingin menapaki jejak yang lebih tinggi dalam memperdalam
litelatur bahasa Arab dan mempermudah mereka agar lebih semangat dalam menuntut ilmu agama. Dan
bagi para pembaca saya berharap tegur dan sapanya jika mendapatkan salah dan khilaf dalam
penyusunan kitab ini karena setiap manusia pasti tidak akan luput dari kesalahan.
Wabillahi Taufiq wal Hidayah
ِ
َُواﻟ ﱠﺴﻼَ ُم َﻋﻠَْﻴ ُﻜ ْﻢ َوَر ْﺣـ َﻤﺔُ ﷲ َوﺑـََﺮَﻛﺎﺗُﻪ
-5-
َﺳ َـﻤ ِﺎء ِ ِ
ب اﻟ َْﻤ ْﺮﻓُـ ْـﻮ َﻋـﺎت ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷ ْ
َ ُ
ـﻞ ِ
{۱اَﻟْ ـ ـ َﻔــﺎﻋـ ـ ُ
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ﻀُﺮ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُ
ﺳ ْﻮ َن Para guru laki-laki sedang hadir ـﺤ ُ
ﻳَ ْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻀُﺮ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ـﺤ ُ
ﻳَ ْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ َُْ ُ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺳﺔُ Seorang guru perempuan sedang hadir ﻀُﺮ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َ
ـﺤ ُ
ﺗَ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻀُﺮ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ـﺤ ُ
ﺗَـ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔُ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎن Dua orang guru perempuan sedang hadir ﻀﺮ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺘَ ِ
ـﺤ ُ ُ ُ ّ َ ﺗَـ ْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻀُﺮ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ـﺤ ُ
ﺗَـ ْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِدﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺘ ِ ِ
ﺎن :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ُ ّ ََ
ﺎت Para guru perempuan sedang hadir ﻀُﺮ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ ـﺤ ُ
ﺗَـ ْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻀُﺮ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ـﺤ ُ
ﺗَـ ْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺎت :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ َّ ُ
ﱠﻤﺎﺋِ ِﺮ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑِ َـﻬﺎ ِ ِ
اَﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟﻀ َ
ﺎﺿﻲ ﻟِﻠ َْﻤ ْﻌﻠُ ْﻮِم إِ ْﻋﺮاب اﻟ ِْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟْﻤ ِ
َ َ ُ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺘِ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺣﻀﺮ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ٌْ َ َ ََ
ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀَﺮا :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﻒ اﻻﺛْـﻨَـ ْﲔ َ ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,وأَﻟ ُ َﺣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ِِ ِ ِ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ,و واو اﻟْـﺠﻤﺎﻋ ِﺔ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ َ َُ ََ َ َ ﻀُﺮْوا :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َﺣ َ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِـٌﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ِﻫ َﻲ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎءُ َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ اﻟـﺘﱠﺄْﻧْﻴﺚَ ،واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺣﻀﺮت :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ٌَْ َ ََ ْ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ِِ ِ ِ ﲔ ِ ﺚ ،وأَﻟِ ِ ِ ِ ﺣﻀﺮَ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﻒ اﻻﺛْـﻨَـ ْ ِ َ ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎءُ َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧْﻴ َ ُ ٌْ َ َ ََ
ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ْﺮ َن :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن َ ،وﻧـُ ْﻮ ُن اﻟﻨّ ْﺴ َﻮة )ﻧـُ ْﻮ ُن ْاﻹ َ ث( َ َﺣ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ِ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ ْ َ ُ َ ت :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ ﻀ ْﺮ َ
َﺣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ِِ ِ ِ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ,و ﺗُـﻤﺎ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ْ َ َ َ ﻀ ْﺮﺗـُ َﻤﺎ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َﺣ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ,وﺗُـﻢ ِ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َََّ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ ْ َْ َ ﻀ ْﺮﺗُ ْـﻢ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َﺣ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ِ ِ ﺣ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َََّ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ ْ َ ُ َ ﻀ ْﺮت :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ َ
ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ْﺮﺗـُ َﻤﺎ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮنَ ,و ﺗُ َـﻤﺎ َ َﺣ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ,و ﺗـُ ﱠﻦ ِ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ْ َ ﻀ ْﺮﺗـُ ﱠﻦ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َﺣ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ِ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ ْ َ ُ َ ت :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ ﻀ ْﺮ ُ
َﺣ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ,و َ ِ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َََّ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ ْ َ َ ﻀ ْﺮَ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َﺣ َ
ﻀﺎر ِِع ﻟِﻠ َْﻤ ْﻌﻠُ ْﻮِم اب اﻟ ِْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟ ُْﻤ َ إِ ْﻋ َﺮ ُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻀُﺮ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ـﺤ ُ
ﻳَ ْ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ِﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷَﻓْـ َﻌ ِﺎل اﻟْـ َﺨ ْﻤ َﺴ ِﺔ ت اﻟﻨـ ْﱡﻮ ِن ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ﺛـُﺒُـ ْﻮ ُ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻀَﺮ ِان :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ـﺤ ُ
ﻳَ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ﲔ ِ و أَﻟِ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َََّ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ ﻒ اﻻﺛْـﻨَـ ْ ِ َ َ ُ
ـﺨ ْﻤ َﺴ ِﺔ ِ ﻳـﺤﻀﺮو َن :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﻣﺮﻓُـﻮع وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ رﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ ﺛـُﺒـﻮت اﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ِن ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷَﻓْـ َﻌﺎل اﻟْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َْ ْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ ُُْ
ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
و واو اﻟْـﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َُ ََ َ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻀُﺮ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ـﺤ ُ
ﺗَ ْ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ِﻫ َﻲ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ـﺨ ْﻤ َﺴ ِﺔ ِ ﺗَـﺤﻀﺮ ِان :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﻣﺮﻓُـﻮع وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ رﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ ﺛـُﺒـﻮت اﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ِن ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷَﻓْـ َﻌﺎل اﻟْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َْ ْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ ْ َُ
ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻒ اﻻﺛْـﻨَـ ْ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﲔ َ َو أَﻟ ُ
-7-
ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ِ
:ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﻀ ْﺮ َن
ـﺤ ُ
ﻳَ ْ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ِ ِ ِ ث( ِ اﻹ َ ِو ﻧـُﻮ ُن اﻟﻨِّﺴﻮةِ )ﻧـُﻮ ُن ِْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ ْ َْ ْ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﻀُﺮ
ـﺤ ُ
ﺗَ ْ
ﺖ ِ ِ ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَﻧْ َ َو اﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ
ـﺨ ْﻤ َﺴ ِﺔ ِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﻣﺮﻓُـﻮع وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ رﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ ﺛـُﺒـﻮت اﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ِن ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ ﻀَﺮ ِان
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷَﻓْـ َﻌﺎل اﻟْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َْ ْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ ـﺤ ُ
ﺗَ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ﲔ ِ وأَﻟِ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َََّ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ ﻒ اﻻﺛْـﻨَـ ْ ِ َ َ ُ
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ِﻣﻦ ْاﻷَﻓْـﻌ ِﺎل اﻟْـﺨﻤﺴﺔِ ِ ِ
ت اﻟﻨـ ْﱡﻮن ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ
َْ َ ُ َ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ﺛـُﺒُـ ْﻮ ُ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﻀُﺮْو َن
ـﺤ ُ
ﺗَ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ و واو اﻟْـﺠﻤﺎﻋ ِﺔ ِ
َََّ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ َُ ََ َ َ
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ِﻣﻦ ْاﻷَﻓْـﻌ ِﺎل اﻟْـﺨﻤﺴﺔِ ِ ِ
ت اﻟﻨـ ْﱡﻮن ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ ﻀ ِﺮﻳـْ َﻦ
َْ َ ُ َ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ﺛـُﺒُـ ْﻮ ُ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ـﺤ ُ
ﺗَ ْ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ِِ ِ ِ و ء اﻟْﻤﺨﺎﻃَﺒ ِﺔ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َُ ُ َ َ َ
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ِﻣﻦ ْاﻷَﻓْـﻌ ِﺎل اﻟْـﺨﻤﺴﺔِ ِ ِ
ت اﻟﻨـ ْﱡﻮن ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ ﻀَﺮ ِان
َْ َ ُ َ َ ع َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ﺛـُﺒُـ ْﻮ ُ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ـﺤ ُ
ﺗَ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ﲔ ِ و أَﻟِ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َََّ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ ﻒ اﻻﺛْـﻨَـ ْ ِ َ َ ُ
ع ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ
ْ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﻀ ْﺮ َن
ـﺤ ُ
ﺗَ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْ ِﺢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ث( ِ اﻹ َ ِ وﻧـُﻮ ُن اﻟﻨِّﺴﻮةِ )ﻧـُﻮ ُن ِْ
َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ َ ْ َْ ْ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮِﻩ ِ ِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﻀُﺮ
أَ ْﺣ ُ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَ َ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﻀُﺮ
ـﺤ ُ
ﻧَ ْ
ـﺤ ُﻦ ِ ِ ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ﻧَ ْ َو اﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ
ﺻﻠُﻪُ أَ ْن ﻳَ ُﻜ ْﻮ َن َﻣ ْﻌ ِﺮﻓَﺔً اَﻟْﻤﺒـﺘَ َﺪأُ اﺳﻢ ﻣﺮﻓُـﻮع ﻋﺎ ٍر ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْﻌﻮ ِاﻣ ِﻞ اﻟﻠﱠ ْﻔ ِﻈﻴﱠ ِﺔ وﻳـ َﻘﻊ ﻓِـﻲ أَﱠوِل اﻟْ ِ
ـﺠ ْﻤﻠَﺔ َوأَ ْ
ُ ََ ُ ُْ ْ ٌ َْ ْ ٌ َ َ ََ
ـﺨﺒـﺮ ُﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻳ َﻜ ِﻤﻞ ﻣ ْﻌﻨَـﻰ اﻟْﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪإِ
ُ َواﻟْ َ َ ُ َ َ ُ ّ ُ َ
3. Mubtada’ ialah : Isim marfu’ yang bebas dari amil-amil lafziah dan terletak diawal kalimat dan
asalnya adalah berbentuk isim ma’rifah.
4. Khobar ialah : Suatu (ungkapan) yang menyempurnakan ma’na(pengertian) Mubtada’.
أَﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ﺟـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟْﻤﺒـﺘ َﺪأِ ِﻣﻦ ْاﻷَﺳـﻤ ِﺎء اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
ﺎﻫ َﺮةِ َو َﺧ َِﱪﻩِ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ ْ ُ َ َُْ َ ْ َ
ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ ٌﺪ Guru laki-laki ini Rajin
س ُﻣ ْ ِ
اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ س ُ :ﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌاَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ ٌﺪ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ُﻣ ْ
ﺎن ﻣـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ َﺪ ِ ِ
ان Dua orang Guru laki-laki ini Rajin اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ ْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِدﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ ِ
اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺎن ُ :ﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ َﺪ ِان َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌُﻣ ْ
ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ ُﺪ ْو َن Para Guru laki-laki ini Rajin
اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن ُﻣ ْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﲨﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ َْ ُ ُ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن ُ :ﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﲨﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ َْ ُ ُ ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ ُﺪ ْو َن َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ُﻣ ْ
ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ َﺪةٌ Guru perempuan ini Rajin
اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔُ ُﻣ ْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔُ ُ :ﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آ ِﺧ ِﺮﻩِﱠِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈ َ ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ َﺪةٌ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ُﻣ ْ
ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ َﺪ َ ِن Dua orang Guru perempuan ini Rajin ِ
اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺘَﺎن ُﻣ ْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِدﻓِـﻲ ِ ض َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳْ ِﻦ ِ ﺎن :ﻣﺒـﺘﺪأٌ ﻣﺮﻓُـﻮع وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ رﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ ْاﻷَﻟِﻒ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰَ ,واﻟﻨـ ْﱡﻮ ُن ﻋ َﻮ ٌ ُ ََ َ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر َﺳﺘَ ُ ْ َ َ َ ْ ْ ٌ َ َ َ َ
ِ ِ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻓِـﻲ ِ ض َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳْ ِﻦ ِ ﻣـﺠﺘ ِﻬﺪ َ ِن :ﺧﺒـﺮ ﻣﺮﻓُـﻮع وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ رﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ ْاﻷَﻟِﻒ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰَ ,واﻟﻨـ ْﱡﻮ ُن ﻋ َﻮ ٌ ُ ََ َ َ ٌَ َ ْ ْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ُ َْ َ
ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ َﺪ ٌ
ات Para Guru perempuan ini Rajin اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ
ﺎت ُﻣ ْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ :ﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ
ﺎت
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ َﺪ ٌ
ات ُﻣ ْ
- 14 -
َﺳ َـﻤ ِﺎء ِْ
اﻹ َﺷﺎرةِ َو َﺧ َِﱪﻩِ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ ِِ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟ ُْﻤ ْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأ ﻣ ْﻦ أ ْ
ُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ٌ
س Dia seorang guru laki-laki
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِ ِ ِ ﻫﻮ ِ :
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َُ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ
َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠس َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ٌ
ﺎن Mereka berdua guru laki-laki ﻫـﻤﺎ ﻣ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ
َُ ُ َّ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ُﻫ َـﻤﺎ َ :
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ﺎن َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌﻣ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ
ُ َّ
ُﻫ ْﻢ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ُ
ﺳ ْﻮ َن Mereka Para guru laki-laki
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِِ ِ ِ ﻫﻢ ِ :
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُْ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َنَ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ
ْ َُ ْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ َُْ ُ
ِ
ﺳﺔٌ Dia seorang guru perempuan ﻫ َﻲ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِ ِ ِ ِﻫﻲ ِ :
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ
ُﻣ َﺪ ّر َﺳﺔٌ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
َ َ
ﺎن Mereka berdua guru perempuan ﻫـﻤﺎ ﻣ َﺪ ِرﺳﺘَ ِ
َُ ُ َّ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِ ِ ِ ِ ﻫـﻤﺎ ِ :
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َُ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜـَﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ﺎن َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻣ َﺪ ِرﺳﺘَ ِ
ُ َّ
ﺎت Mereka Para guru perempuan ُﻫ ﱠﻦ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ٌ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ُﻫ ﱠﻦ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎت َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ٌ
س Kamu seorang guru laki-laki ﺖ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ٌ أَﻧْ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِ ِ ِ أَﻧْﺖ ِ :
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
َ َ س َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ُﻣ َﺪ ّر ٌ
أَﻧْـﺘُـﻤﺎ ﻣ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ
ﺎن Kalian berdua guru laki-laki َ ُ َّ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِِ ِ ِ أَﻧْـﺘُـﻤﺎ ِ :
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ُﻣ َﺪ ّر َﺳﺎن َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
أَﻧْـﺘُ ْﻢ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ُ
ﺳ ْﻮ َن Kalian Para guru laki-laki
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِِ ِ ِ أَﻧْـﺘُﻢ ِ :
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ْ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـﻨْ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ َُْ ُ ُﻣ َﺪ ّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ِ
أَﻧْﺖ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َ
ﺳﺔٌ Kamu seorang guru perempuan
ِ ِ ِ ِ : أَﻧْ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ﺖ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔٌ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ﺎن Kalian berdua guru perempuan أَﻧْـﺘُﻤﺎ ﻣ َﺪ ِرﺳﺘَ ِ
َ ُ َّ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ أَﻧْـﺘُ َﻤﺎ َ :
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ﺎن َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻣ َﺪ ِرﺳﺘَ ِ
ُ َّ
ﺎت Kalian Para guru perempuan أَﻧْـﺘُـ ﱠﻦ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ٌ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِ ِ ِ ِ : أَﻧْـﺘُـ ﱠﻦ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎت َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ٌ
- 16 -
أَ َ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ٌ
س Saya seorang guru laki-laki
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِِ ِ ِ ِ : أَ َ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ س َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ٌ
ﺳ ْﻮ َن Kami para guru laki-laki ـﺤ ُﻦ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ُﻧَ ْ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ﻧَـﺤﻦ ِ :
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ َُْ ُ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ
أَ َ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َ
ﺳﺔٌ Saya seorang guru perempuan
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِِ ِ ِ ِ : أَ َ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔٌ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ﺎت Kami para guru perempuan ـﺤ ُﻦ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ٌ
ﻧَ ْ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ﻧَـﺤﻦ ِ :
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ﺎت َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ٌ
ـﺨﺒَـُﺮ ِﺷْﺒﻪَ ُﺟ ْـﻤﻠَ ٍﺔ ِ
اﺳ َﻢ ا ْﺳﺘ ْﻔ َﻬ ٍﺎم َوإِذَا َﻛﺎ َن اﻟْ َ
ِ
َوﻗَ ْﺪ ﻳَ ُﻜ ْﻮ ُن اﻟْ ُﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأُ ﻧَﻜَﺮةً إِذَا َﻛﺎ َن اﻟْ ُﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأُ ْ
Kadang kadang Mubtada’ berbentuk Isim Nakiroh apabila mubtada’nya adalah kata tanya dan apabila
khobarnya berbentuk syibhul jumlah (Jar wa majrur atau Zhorof).
َﻣﺎﺑِ َ
ﻚ..؟ ?Ada apa denganmu..
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِِ ﻣﺎ :اِﺳﻢ ِ ٍ ِ
اﺳﺘ ْﻔ َﻬﺎم َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ُْ ْ َ
ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣﻦ ِْ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ َ ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ب َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َك ِ :
ب}اَﻟْﺒَﺎء{ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
و ِﺷﺒﻪ ﺟـﻤﻠَ ٍﺔ }ﺑِﻚ{ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﺧﺒـﺮ اﻟْﻤﺒـﺘﺪأِ
َ َ ّ َ َ َُ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ُْ ُ ْ
ﺾ..؟ ?Siapa yang sakit.. َﻣ ْﻦ َﻣ ِﺮﻳْ ٌ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِِ ﻣﻦ :اِﺳﻢ ِ ٍ ِ
اﺳﺘ ْﻔ َﻬﺎم َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ُْ ْ َْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
َ َ ﺾ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ َﻣ ِﺮﻳْ ٌ
ان Saya memiliki dua orang saudara laki-laki ﻟِـﻲ أَﺧﻮ ِ
ْ ََ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِل َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ف َﺟّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴﺮ}َﻻ َﻣ َ
ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ي ِ :
ب}اَﻻﱠم{ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ْ
ِ ِ ٍ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒـَُﺮ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }ﻟـ ْﻲ{ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜـَﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
َﺧ َﻮان ُ :ﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ُﻣ َﺆ ﱠﺧٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
أ ِ
َ
ـﺨﺎرِِج..؟ ?Berapa siswa yang berada diluar.. ِ ِ
َﻛ ْﻢ ﻃَﺎﻟﺒًﺎ ﻓـﻲ اﻟْ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِِ َﻛﻢ :اِﺳﻢ ِ ٍ ِ
اﺳﺘ ْﻔ َﻬﺎم َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ُْ ْ ْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ﻃَﺎﻟِﺒﺎ :ﺗَـﻤﻴِﻴـﺰ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
َ َ َ ْ ٌْ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ً
ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ِ ِ ِ
ف َﺟّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ٍ ﻓِ ْـﻲ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ اﻟْـﺨﺎرِِج :اِﺳﻢ ﻣـﺠﺮور ِ ِ
ب}ﻓـﻲ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ ٌُْ َ
و ِﺷﺒﻪ ﺟـﻤﻠَ ٍﺔ }ﻓِـﻲ اﻟْـﺨﺎرِِج{ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﺧﺒـﺮ اﻟْﻤﺒـﺘﺪأِ
َ َ ّ َ َ َُ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ُْ ُ ْ
أَ ِﻋْﻨ َﺪ َك ﻧـُ ُﻘ ْﻮٌد...؟?Apakah kamu punya uang..
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ اﺳﺘِ ْﻔ َﻬ ٍﺎم َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ف ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ أَ
ِ ِ ﺎن( ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ِﻋْﻨ َﺪ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﻓِﻴ ِﻪ )ﻇَﺮ ُ ٍ
ﺎفﻀ ٌ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ف َﻣ َﻜ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ ْ ْ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِ ِ ِ َك ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ِ ٍ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒَ ٌـﺮ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ}ﻋْﻨ َﺪ َك{ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﻧـُ ُﻘ ْﻮٌد ُ :ﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ُﻣ َﺆ ﱠﺧٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
- 17 -
اﺳ ِـﻤﻴﱠﺔٌ أ َْو ُﺟ ْـﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓِ ْﻌﻠِﻴﱠﺔٌ(
ف( َو ُﺟ ْـﻤﻠَﺔٌ ) ُﺟ ْـﻤﻠَﺔٌ ْ
ٍ ٍ ِ
َﺧﺒَـُﺮ اﻟْ ُـﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪإِ ﺛَﻼَﺛَﺔُ أَﻧْـ َﻮ ٍاع ُ :ﻣ ْﻔَﺮٌد) َﻣﺎ َﻛﺎ َن َﻏْﻴـَﺮ ُﺟ ْـﻤﻠَﺔ( َوﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟ ْـﻤﻠَﺔ) َﺟ ٌﺎر َوَﻣ ْ
ـﺠُﺮْوٌر أ َْو ﻇَْﺮ ٌ
Khobar Mubtada’ terbagi tiga jenis yaitu Khobar Mufrod (bentuknya bukan kalimat) dan khobar
Syibhul Jumlah (Jar wa majrur atau Zhorof) dan Khobar Berbentuk.
َﺧ َﻮاﺗـَِﻬﺎ ﻳَ ُﻜ ْﻮ ُن َداﺋِ ًﻤﺎ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ًﻋﺎ. اِﺳﻢ َﻛﺎ َن ﻫﻮ ُﻛ ﱡﻞ ﻣﺒـﺘَ َﺪإٍ ﺗَ ْﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻠَﻴ ِﻪ َﻛﺎ َن أَو إِﺣ َﺪى أ ِ
اﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن أ َْو إِ ْﺣ َﺪى أ َ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗ َـﻬﺎَ ,و ْ
َ ْ ْ ُُ َْ ُ َ ُْ ُْ
َ ataupun salah satu saudarinya, dan isimﻛﺎ َن 5. Isim Kaana adalah : Semua mubtada’ yang dimasuki
َ ataupun salah satu saudarinya selalu marfu’.ﻛﺎ َن
- 22 -
أَﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ﺟـﻤ ِﻞ اﺳ ِﻢ َﻛﺎ َن ِﻣﻦ ْاﻷَﺳـﻤ ِﺎء اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
ﺎﻫ َﺮةِ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑِ َـﻬﺎ َ َْ ْ َُ ْ
َﻛﺎ َن ﷲُ ﻏَ ُﻔ ْﻮًرا َرِﺣْﻴ ًﻤﺎ Alloh adalah Maha Pengampun lagi Maha Penyayang
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌْ َ َﻛﺎ َن
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺠﻼَﻟَﺔ ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
َ ﻆ اﻟْ َ :ﻟَ ْﻔ ُ ﷲُ
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ :ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن أَﱠوٌل ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ََُ َﻏ ُﻔ ْﻮًرا
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ :ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن َ ٍن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ َرِﺣْﻴ ًﻤﺎ
َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ََُ
َﻛﺎ َن اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺐ ﺣ ِ
ﺎﺿًﺮا Ketika itu Seorang siswa hadir ُ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗـُ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ
ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌَْ َﻛﺎ َن
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ﱠِ
َ َ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﺐ
اَﻟﻄﺎﻟ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ :ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ﺣ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ََُ ﺎﺿًﺮا َ
ِ ِ
ﺎن ﺣ ِ
ﺎﺿَﺮﻳْ ِﻦ Ketika itu Dua orang siswa hadir َﻛﺎ َن اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ
ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌْ َ َﻛﺎ َن
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ﻒ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠِ ِ ِ ِ ِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ﺎن َ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
:ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ََُ
ﺣ ِ
ﺎﺿَﺮﻳْ ِﻦ َ
َﻛﺎ َن اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب ﺣ ِ
ﺎﺿ ِﺮﻳْ َﻦ Ketika itu Para siswa hadir ُ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌْ َ َﻛﺎ َن
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ :اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ باﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
:ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُ َُْ ُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ََُ
ﺣ ِ
ﺎﺿ ِﺮﻳْ َﻦ َ
ﺖ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒﺔُ ﺣ ِ
ﺎﺿَﺮةً Ketika itu Seorang siswi hadir َﻛﺎﻧَ ِ
َ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ َﻛﺎﻧَ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗـُ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌَْ ﺖ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْﲔِ ِ ِ
َواﻟﺘﱠﺎءُ َﻋﻼَ َﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧْﻴﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
ِ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
:ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَﺔُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ :ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ﺣ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ََُ ﺎﺿَﺮةً َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﲔ Ketika itu Dua orang siswi hadir َﻛﺎﻧَﺖ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَـﺘَﺎن َﺣﺎﺿَﺮﺗَـ َْ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ ﺖ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ َﻛﺎﻧَ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ ْاﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌَْ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ﻒ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠِ ِ ِ ِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒـﺘ ِ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ﺎن :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ََ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِﺎﺿﺮﺗَـﲔ :ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َﺣ َ َْ َ َ ُ
ﺎﺿﺮ ٍ ِ ِ ِ
ات Ketika itu Para siswi hadir ﺎت َﺣ َ َﻛﺎﻧَﺖ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَ ُ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ ﺖ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ َﻛﺎﻧَ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗـُ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌَْ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَ ُ
ﺎت :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﱠﺚ َﺳﺎﻟِ ٌـﻢ ات :ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣﺆﻧ ٍ
َ ُ َ ْ ُ َُ َْ َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ََُ
ﺎﺿﺮ ٍ ِ
َﺣ َ
َﺧﻮ ِ
ات َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑِ َـﻬﺎ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ أ َ َ
ﺲ)ﻟِﻠﻨﱠـ ْﻔ ِﻲ(
ﻟ َْﻴ َ
ﺳ ْﻬﻼً Keberhasilan itu tidaklah mudah
ﺎح َ
ﱠﺠ ُ
ﻟَْﻴﺲ اﻟﻨ َ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ْ َ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ ﺲ
ﻟَْﻴ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺲ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ ﻟَْﻴ َ ﺎح
ﱠﺠ ُ
اﻟﻨ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ :ﺧﺒـﺮ ﻟَﻴﺲ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ََُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َﺳ ْﻬﻼً
- 23 -
ﻟَْﻴﺲ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ ُﻣﺘَـَﺰِّو ً
ﺟﺎ Zaid belum berkeluarga
َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْﺼ ُ ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ )ﻣ ْﻦ أ َ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ﺲ
ﻟَْﻴ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺲ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ ﻟَْﻴ َ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﻣﺘـﺰِوﺟﺎ :ﺧﺒـﺮ ﻟَﻴﺲ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ََُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َُ َ ّ ً
ﺳﺎ )Dia bukan seorang guru (laki-laki ﺲ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ًﻟَْﻴ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ,واﺳﻢ ﻟَﻴﺲ ﺿ ِﻤﻴـﺮ ﻣﺴﺘِﱰ ﺟﻮازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳـﺮﻩ ﻫﻮ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ﻟَْﻴﺲ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ٌ ُ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ً ْ ُُ ُ َ ْ َ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻣﺪ ِرﺳﺎ :ﺧﺒـﺮ ﻟَﻴﺲ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
َ َ َ ُ َ ّ ً ََُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
ﲔ )Mereka berdua bukan dua orang guru (laki-laki ﻟَْﻴﺴﺎ ُﻣ َﺪ ِر َﺳ ْ ِ
َ ّ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻒ اﻻﺛْـﻨَـ ْ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻟَْﻴ َﺴﺎ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺲ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ْ
اﺳ ُﻢ ﻟَْﻴ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﲔ َ ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,وأَﻟ ُ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ ََﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْﺼ ُ ْ َ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﲔ :ﺧﺒـﺮ ﻟَﻴﺲ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ْ ِ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ
ِ
ﻟَْﻴ ُﺴ ْﻮا ُﻣ َﺪ ِّرﺳ َْ
ﲔ )Mereka bukan para guru (laki-laki
ِِ ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ,و واو اﻟْـﺠﻤﺎﻋ ِﺔ ِ ﻟَْﻴ ُﺴ ْﻮا :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺲ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ْ
اﺳ ُﻢ ﻟَْﻴ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ّ َ َُ ََ َ َ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ْ َ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻣ َﺪ ِرِﺳﲔ :ﺧﺒـﺮ ﻟَﻴﺲ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُ َُْ ُ ُ ّ َْ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ
ﺖ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َ
ﺳﺔً )Dia bukan seorang guru (perempuan ﻟَْﻴ َﺴ ْ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَِ ٌﱰ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ِﻫ َﻲ
ﺲ َ
اﺳ ُﻢ ﻟَْﻴ َ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎءُ َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧْﻴﺚَ ،و ْ
:ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌَْ ﺖ
ﻟَْﻴ َﺴ ْ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ْ َ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔً
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْﺼ ْﻮ ٌﺲ َﻣْﻨ ُ
َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ ﻟَْﻴ َ
ﻟَْﻴﺴﺘَﺎ ُﻣ َﺪ ِر َﺳﺘَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ )Mereka berdua bukan dua orang guru (perempuan َ ّ
ِِ ِ ِ ﲔ ِ ﺚ ,وأَﻟِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ﻟَﻴﺴﺘﺎ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺲ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ْ
اﺳ ُﻢ ﻟَْﻴ َ ﻒ اﻻﺛْـﻨَـ ْ ِ َ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎءُ َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧْﻴ َ ُ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌَْ ْ ََ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ْ َ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﲔ :ﺧﺒـﺮ ﻟَﻴﺲ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺘَـ ْ ِ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ
ﻟَﺴﻦ ﻣ َﺪ ِرﺳ ٍ
ﺎت ) Mereka bukan para guru (perempuan ْ َ ُ َّ
ِ ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن,وﻧـُﻮ ُن اﻟﻨِّﺴﻮةِ )ﻧـُﻮ ُن ِْ ِ
ث( ِ ﻟَ ْﺴ َﻦ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺲ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ْ
اﺳ ُﻢ ﻟَْﻴ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
اﻹ َ َ ْ َ ْ َْ ْ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ْ َ
ﱠﺚ َﺳﺎﻟِ ٌـﻢ
ﺎت :ﺧﺒـﺮ ﻟَﻴﺲ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣﺆﻧ ٍ
َ ُ َ ْ ُ َُ َْ َ َ َ ََُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
ﻣ َﺪ ِرﺳ ٍ
ُ َّ
ﺼ ْﺒ ِﺢ(ﺖ ِﻟ ﱡ ﺼﺒِﺢ )ﻟِﻠﺘـﱠﻮﻗِ ْﻴ ِ
َﺻﺒَ َﺢ-ﻳُ ْ ُ ْ أْ
ﺢ اﻟْ َـﻬ َﻮاءُ َ ِرًدا Pada pagi hari cuacanya dingin َﺻﺒَ َ
أْ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ َﺻﺒَ َﺢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْﺼ ُ
ْ َ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ أْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ َﺻﺒَ َﺢ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اَﻟْ َـﻬ َﻮاءُ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ أ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِردا :ﺧﺒـﺮ أَﺻﺒﺢ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ََُ َْ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ً
َﺿﺤﻰ-ﻳ ْ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀﺤ ْﻲ )ﻟﻠﺘـ ْﱠﻮﻗْﻴﺖ ِ ﻟﻀ َ
ﱡﺤﻰ( أَْ ُ
ﺐ ﻧَ ِﺸْﻴﻄًﺎ Pada waktu dhuha siswa itu rajin ﱠِ
َﺿ َﺤﻰ اﻟﻄﺎﻟ ُ
أْ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ اﻟْﻤ َﻘ ﱠﺪ ِر) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ْ َ ُ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ َﺿ َﺤﻰأْ
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ﱠِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َﺿ َﺤﻰ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
:ا ْﺳ ُﻢ أ ْ ﺐ
اﻟﻄﺎﻟ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺿﺤﻰ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ﻧَ ِﺸْﻴﻄًﺎ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ أَ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
- 24 -
ﱠﻬﺎ ِر(ﺖ ِ ﻟﻨـ َ ﻇَ ﱠﻞ -ﻳﻈَ ﱡﻞ )ﻟِﻠﺘـﱠﻮﻗِْﻴ ِ
ْ َ
ﺣﺎرا Pada siang hari cuacanya panas ﻇَ ﱠﻞ اﻟْ َـﻬ َﻮاءُ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ﻇَ ﱠﻞ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْﺼ ُ ْ َ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟْ َـﻬ َﻮاءُ :اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ ﻇَ ﱠﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺣﺎرا :ﺧﺒـﺮ ﻇَ ﱠﻞ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ََُ َ
ﺴ ِﺎء( ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺴﻰ -ﻳُ ْـﻤﺴﻲ )ﻟﻠﺘـ ْﱠﻮﻗ ْﻴﺖ ﻟ َْﻤ َ أ َْﻣ َ
ﺴﻰ اﻟْ َـﻬ َﻮاءُ ُﻣ ْﻌﺘَ ِﺪﻻً Pada sore hari cuacanya cerah أ َْﻣ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ اﻟْﻤ َﻘ ﱠﺪ ِر) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ أ َْﻣ َﺴﻰ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْﺼ ُ ْ َ ُ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اَﻟْ َـﻬ َﻮاءُ :اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ أ َْﻣ َﺴﻰ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﻣﻌﺘ ِﺪﻻً :ﺧﺒـﺮ أَﻣﺴﻰ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ََُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ُ َْ
ﺖ )ﻟِﻠﺘـﱠﻮﻗِ ْﻴ ِ
ﺖ ِ ﻟﻠﱠْﻴ ِﻞ( ت -ﻳَﺒِْﻴ ُ ْ َ َ
ﱠﺠ ُﻢ ﻻَِﻣ ًﻌﺎ Pada malam hari bintang berkilauan ت اﻟﻨ ْ َ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ت :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)ﻣ ْﻦ أ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ َ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ت َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
َ َ ﱠﺠ ُﻢ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َ َ اﻟﻨ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﻻَِﻣﻌﺎ :ﺧﺒـﺮ ت ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َََُ َ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ً
ﱠﺤ ﱡﻮ ِل( ِ ِ
ﺎر -ﻳَﺼ ْﻴـ ُﺮ )ﻟﻠﺘ َ ﺻَ َ
ﺠﺎ Air itu berubah menjadi es
ﺻ َﺎر اﻟْ َﻤﺎءُ ﺛـَْﻠ ً
َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ﺻ َﺎر :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْﺼ ُ ْ َ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ
ﺻ َﺎر َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
َ َ اﻟْ َﻤﺎءُ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺛـَْﻠﺠﺎ :ﺧﺒـﺮ ﺻﺎر ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ََُ َ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ً
اﻻ ْﺳﺘِ ْﻤ َﺮا ِر ﻚ {} َﻣﺎﻓَﺘِ َﺊ-ﻻَ ﻳَـ ْﻔﺘَﺄُ{ )ﻟِ ِْﻼ ْﺳﺘِ ْﻤ َﺮا ِر(َ .و َﻫ ِﺬﻩِ أَﻓْـ َﻌ ُ
ﺎل ِْ ﻚ-ﻻَ ﻳَـ ْﻨـ َﻔ ﱡ ح {َ }-ﻣﺎاِﻧْـ َﻔ ﱠ ِح -ﻻَﻳَـ ْﺒـ َﺮ ُ
ال{َ }-ﻣﺎﺑَﺮ َ ال -ﻻَﻳَـ َﺰ ُ
ﺎز َ
} َﻣ َ
ﻀﺎ ِرِع َﻛ َﻤﺎ ﻓِـﻲ ْاﻷ َْﻣﺜِﻠَ ِﺔ ْاﻵﺗِﻴَ ِﺔ. ِِ ِ ِِ وﺗَ ُﻜﻮ ُن داﺋِﻤﺎ ﻣﺴﺒـﻮﻗَﺔً ﺑِ ِ
ـﺤ ْﺮف ﻧـَ ْﻔ ٍﻲ}) َﻣﺎ( ﻟ ْﻠﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟْ َﻤﺎﺿﻰ )ﻻَ,ﻟَ ْـﻢ,ﻟَ ْﻦ( ﻟ ْﻠﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟْ ُﻤ َ َ ْ َ ً َ ُْْ َ
ﻞ َﻣ ْﻬ ُﺰْوًﻣﺎ Kebathilan itu selalu dikalahkan ِ
َﻣ َﺎز َال اﻟْﺒَﺎﻃ ُ
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف ﻧـَ ْﻔ ٍﻲ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َﻣﺎ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ َز َال :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ْ َ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎﻃ ُﻞ :اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ َز َال َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻟْﺒ ِ
َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻣﻬﺰوﻣﺎ :ﺧﺒـﺮ ز َال ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
َ َ َ َ ْ ُْ ً ََُ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
ﻣﺎﺑﺮِح اﻟْـﺤ ﱡﻖ ﻣْﻨـﺘَ ِ
ﺼًﺮا Kebenaran itu selalu menang َََ َ ُ
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف ﻧـَ ْﻔ ٍﻲ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َﻣﺎ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِح :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺐ اﻟْ ََﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ ْ َ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ ﺑَﺮ َ
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِح َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ـﺤ ﱡﻖ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ ﺑَﺮ َ اﻟْ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺼﺮا :ﺧﺒـﺮ ﺑﺮِح ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ُﻣْﻨـﺘَ ً َ َ ُ َ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
ﻞ َ ﺋِ ًﻤﺎ Anak kecil itu selalu tidur ﻣﺎ اِﻧْـ َﻔ ﱠ ِ
ﻚ اﻟﻄّْﻔ ُ َ
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف ﻧـَ ْﻔ ٍﻲ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َﻣﺎ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ ْ َ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ ﻚ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ اِﻧْـ َﻔ ﱠ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻚ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َوﻋَ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اﻟ ِﻄّْﻔ ُﻞ :اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ اِﻧْـ َﻔ ﱠ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻚ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎ ِﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ َ َ ﺋ ًﻤﺎ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ اﻧْـ َﻔ ﱠ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
- 25 -
َﻣﺎﻓَﺘِ َﺊ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺼﺎﺑُِﺮ َﻣ ْ
ـﺤﺒُـ ْﻮً Orang yang sabar itu selalu dicintai
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف ﻧـَ ْﻔ ٍﻲ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﻣﺎ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻓَﺘِ َﺊ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ْ َ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ﺼﺎﺑَِﺮ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ ﻓَﺘ َﺊ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ :ﺧﺒـﺮ ﻓَﺘِﺊ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ََُ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ـﺤﺒُـ ْﻮً
َﻣ ْ
ﺼ َﺪ ِرﻳﱠِﺔ اﻟﻈﱠْﺮﻓِﻴﱠ ِﺔ
ب ) َﻣﺎ( اﻟْ َﻤ ْ ْ َ
ِ ِ
ﺎن اﻟْﻤﺪﱠةِ( وﺗُﺴ ﱠﻤﻰ )ﻣﺎ( اَﻟﱠﺘِـﻲ ﺗَﺴﺒِ ُﻖ َدام ِ
َﻣ َﺎد َام )ﻟﺒَـﻴَ ُ َ َ َ
ﺣﻴﺎ Aku akan mengerjakan kebaikan selama aku masih hidup
ﺖ َ
ﺎد ْﻣ ُ
أَﻓْـ َﻌ ُﻞ َﺧْﻴـًﺮا َﻣ ُ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَ َ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ِ
:ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ أَﻓْـ َﻌ ُﻞ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ ﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ َﺧْﻴـًﺮا
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼ َﺪ ِرﻳﱠﺔٌ ﻇَْﺮﻓﻴﱠﺔٌ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَ َـﻬﺎ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ف َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﻣ ْ َﻣﺎ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ﺎض َ ﻗِﺺ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮات َﻛﺎ َن ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْﺼ ُ ْ ْ َ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ ُد ْم
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ َد َام ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ
ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ِ :
َ ت ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ :ﺧﺒـﺮ دام ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ َﺣﻴﺎ
َ َ َ ََُ َ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
- 28 -
ﲔ :اِﺳﻢ إِ ﱠن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَـ ْ ِ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻣ َﻦ ﻓـﻲ ْ َ ْ ﻓ ْـﻲ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ اﻟْﻤ ْﻜﺘـﺒ ِﺔ :اِﺳﻢ ﻣـﺠﺮور ِ ِ
ب}ﻓـﻲ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ ٌُْ َ ََ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ إِ ﱠن ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }ﻓـﻲ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻜﺘَـﺒَﺔ{ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ب ﻓِـﻲ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻜﺘَـﺒَ ِﺔ Sesungguhnya para siswa ada di perpustakaan إ ﱠن اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ َ
ِ
ﺼ ِ ِ ف ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٍﺪ وﻧَﺼ ٍ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـْﻨ ُ ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)إِ ﱠن َوأ َ إِ ﱠن َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :اِﺳﻢ إِ ﱠن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤﻞﱠ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ ﻓ ْـﻲ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ اﻟْﻤ ْﻜﺘـﺒ ِﺔ :اِﺳﻢ ﻣـﺠﺮور ِ ِ
ب}ﻓـﻲ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ ٌُْ َ ََ
ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ إ ﱠن ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }ﻓـﻲ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻜﺘَـﺒَﺔ{ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
إِ ﱠن اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَﺔَ ﻓِـﻲ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻜﺘَـﺒَ ِﺔ Sesungguhnya seorang siswi ada di perpustakaan
ﺼ ِ ِ ف ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٍﺪ وﻧَﺼ ٍ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـْﻨ ُ ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)إِ ﱠن َوأ َ إِ ﱠن َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒﺔَ :اِﺳﻢ إِ ﱠن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ
ِ ِ ِ
ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ﻓِ ْـﻲ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ اﻟْﻤ ْﻜﺘـﺒ ِﺔ :اِﺳﻢ ﻣـﺠﺮور ِ ِ
ب}ﻓـﻲ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ََ ْ ٌ َ ْ ُْ ٌ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ إِ ﱠن ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }ﻓـﻲ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻜﺘَـﺒَﺔ{ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ﲔ ﻓِـﻲ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻜﺘَـﺒَ ِﺔ Sesungguhnya dua orang siswi ada di perpustakaan إِ ﱠن اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَـﺘَـ ْ ِ
ﺼ ِ ِ ف ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٍﺪ وﻧَﺼ ٍ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗـُ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـﻨْ ُ ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)إِ ﱠن َوأ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ إِ ﱠن
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِدﲔ :اِﺳﻢ إِ ﱠن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَـﺘَـ ْ ِ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ ﻓِ ْـﻲ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ اﻟْﻤ ْﻜﺘـﺒ ِﺔ :اِﺳﻢ ﻣـﺠﺮور ِ ِ
ب}ﻓـﻲ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ ٌُْ َ ََ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ إِ ﱠن ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }ﻓـﻲ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻜﺘَـﺒَﺔ{ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ﺎت ﻓِـﻲ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻜﺘَـﺒَ ِﺔ Sesungguhnya para siswi ada di perpustakaan إِ ﱠن اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒ ِ
َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ﺼٍ ٍ ِ إِ ﱠن
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)إ ﱠن َوأ َ ف ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴﺪ َوﻧَ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ﱠﺚ َﺳﺎﻟِ ٌـﻢ ﺎت :اِﺳﻢ إِ ﱠن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣﺆﻧ ٍ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒ ِ
َ ُ َ ْ ُ َُ َْ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ
ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ِ ِ ِ
ف َﺟّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ٍ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ﻓِ ْـﻲ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ اﻟْﻤ ْﻜﺘـﺒ ِﺔ :اِﺳﻢ ﻣـﺠﺮور ِ ِ
ب}ﻓـﻲ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ ٌُْ َ ََ
ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ إ ﱠن ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }ﻓـﻲ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻜﺘَـﺒَﺔ{ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
- 30 -
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُﻣﺘَ َﻜﺒٌِّـﺮ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ ﻟَﻜ ﱠﻦ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
َﻛﺄَ ﱠن )ﻟِﻠﺘﱠ ْﺸﺒِْﻴ ِﻪ إِ َذا َﻛﺎ َن َﺧﺒَـ ُﺮَﻫﺎ َﺟ ِﺎﻣ ًﺪاَ ,وﻟِﻠﻈﱠ ِّﻦ إِذَا َﻛﺎ َن َﺧﺒَـ ُﺮَﻫﺎ ُﻣ ْﺸﺘَـﻘﺎ(
َﺳ ٌﺪ Si Zaid bagaikan singa َﻛﺄَ ﱠن َزﻳْ ًﺪا أ َ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ َﻛﺄَ ﱠن :ﺣﺮ ُ ٍ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـﻨْ ُ
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ف ﺗَ ْﺸﺒِْﻴﻪ َوﻧَ ْ َْ
ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌَزﻳْ ًﺪا :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺄَ ﱠن َﻣْﻨ ُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َﺳ ٌﺪ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ َﻛﺄَ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ أَ
ﺟﺎﺋِ ٌﻊ Sepertinya si Zaid lapar
َﻛﺄَ ﱠن َزﻳْ ًﺪا َ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨ ُ
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ف ﻇَ ٍّﻦ َوﻧَ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﻛﺄَ ﱠن
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ :اِﺳﻢ َﻛﺄَ ﱠن ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ُْ َزﻳْ ًﺪا
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ
َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ َﻛﺄَ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ َﺟﺎﺋِ ٌﻊ
َ
ﱠﻤﻨِّـﻲ( ﻟَﻴ َ ِ
ﺖ )ﻟﻠﺘ َ ْ
ﺎب َﻋﺎﺋِ ٌﺪ Seandainya saja masa muda itu bisa kembali
ﺖ اﻟﺸﱠﺒَ َ
ﻟَْﻴ َ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ ََﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗـَْﻨ ُ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ف ﺗَ َـﻤ ٍّﻦ َوﻧَ ْ ﺖ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ﻟَْﻴ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟﺸﱠﺒﺎب :اِﺳﻢ ﻟَﻴﺖ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺖ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َﻋﺎﺋ ٌﺪ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ ﻟَْﻴ َ
ـﺠﻲءُ Seandainya saja guru datang ِ
ُﺳﺘَﺎذَ ﻳَ ْ ﺖ ْاﻷ ْ ﻟَْﻴ َ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ ََﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨ ُ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ف ﺗَ َـﻤ ٍّﻦ َوﻧَ ْ ﺖ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ﻟَْﻴ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ْاﻷُﺳﺘﺎذَ :اِﺳﻢ ﻟَﻴﺖ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َْ
ِ ِ ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
ُﺳﺘَﺎ َذ{
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ﻳـَﻌُ ْﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ} ْاﻷ ْ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َو اﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ
ع َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻳَـﺠ ْﻲءُ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
ﺖ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ ﻟَْﻴ َ َو ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ﺎق واﻟْـ َﺨﻮ ِ ِ ِ ﻟَﻌ ﱠﻞ )ﻟِﻠﺘـ ِ
ف( ﱠﻮﻗﱡ ِﻊ/اَِْﻹ ْﺷ َﻔ َ ْ ﱠﺮ ّﺟﻲ َو ﻟﻠﺘـ َ َ َ
ﺢ Mudah-mudahan engkau berhasil ِ ﱠ
ﻚ َﺟ ٌ ﻟَ َﻌﻠ َ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨ ُ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ج َوﻧَ ْف ﺗَـَﺮٍّﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ﺐ اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
َك ِ :
َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ َ ِﺟ ٌﺢ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ ﻟَ َﻌﻞﱠ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ﻚ ﺑِ َ
ـﺨْﻴـ ٍﺮ Mudah-mudahan engkau dalam keadaan baik ﻟَ َﻌﻠﱠ َ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗـَْﻨ ُ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ج َوﻧَ ْ ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ف ﺗَـَﺮٍّ
ﺐ اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ِ ِ ِ َك ِ :
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤﻞﱠ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ ب َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ
ب}اَﻟْﺒَﺎء{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َﺧ ٍْﲑ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ِ ٍ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒـَُﺮ ﻟَ َﻌﻞﱠ
ـﺨ ْﲑ{ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ ََو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }ﺑِ َ
ﺣ ُـﻤﻨَﺎ Semoga Alloh merahmati Kita
ﻟَ َﻌﻞﱠ ﷲَ ﻳـَْﺮ َ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨ ُ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ج َوﻧَ ْ ف ﺗَـَﺮٍّ
ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﻆ اﻟْـﺠﻼَﻟَِﺔ اِﺳﻢ ﻟَﻌ ﱠﻞ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ﷲَ :ﻟَ ْﻔ ُ َ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِـٌﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ﻳـَ ُﻌ ْﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ}ﷲِ{ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩَِ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ِ
ﻳـَْﺮ َﺣ ُﻢ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ
ﺼٍ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒـَُﺮ ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ ِ ِِ
َو ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ }ﻳـَْﺮ َﺣ ُـﻤﻨَﺎ{ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
- 31 -
ﺐ Saya khawatir engkau gagal ﻟَﻌﻠﱠ َ ِ
ﻚ َراﺳ ٌ َ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ ٍ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨ ُ
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ف إِ ْﺷ َﻔﺎق َوﻧَ ْ ﻟَ َﻌﻞﱠ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ﺐ اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞﺼٍـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ِ :
َ َك
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺐ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ َرﺳ ٌ
ﺾ Saya khawatir engkau sakit ﻚ َﻣ ِﺮﻳْ ٌﻟَ َﻌﻠﱠ َ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ ٍ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨ ُ
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ف إِ ْﺷ َﻔﺎق َوﻧَ ْ ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ﺐ اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ
ﺼٍـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ِ :
َ َك
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِِ ﺾ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َﻣ ِﺮﻳْ ٌ
ﻜﺎﻓﱠﺔُ( Apabila
)ﻣﺎ اﻟ ﱠ
) ataupun saudari-إ ﱠن( ) ataupun salah satu saudari-saudarinya makaإ ﱠن( َ mengiringi
saudarinya tidak beramal lagi.
إِﻧﱠـﻤﺎ ﷲ و ِ
اﺣ ٌﺪ Sesungguhnya Alloh Itu Maha Esa َ َُ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن
ﱠﺖ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻌ َﻤ ِﻞ و) َﻣﺎ( َﻛﺎﻓﱠﺔٌ َزاﺋِ َﺪةٌ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ف ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٍﺪ وﻧَﺼ ٍ ِ
ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ُﻛﻔ ْ إِﻧﱠ َـﻤﺎ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻆ اﻟْ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ـﺠﻼَﻟَﺔ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ :ﻟَْﻔ ُ َ ﷲُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َواﺣ ٌﺪ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎل ِ ﻟﻨِّﻴﱠ ِ
ﺎت Sesungguhnya setiap perbuatan tergantung niatnya إِﻧﱠ َـﻤﺎ ْاﻷ َْﻋ َﻤ ُ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن
ﱠﺖ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻌ َﻤ ِﻞ و) َﻣﺎ( َﻛﺎﻓﱠﺔٌ َزاﺋِ َﺪةٌ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ف ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٍﺪ وﻧَﺼ ٍ ِ
ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ُﻛﻔ ْ إِﻧﱠ َـﻤﺎ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎل ُ :ﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْاﻷ َْﻋ َﻤ ُ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ ﻋَﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤﻞﱠ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ ب
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِ ِ
ب}اَﻟْﺒَﺎء{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟﻨّﻴﱠﺎت :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ﺎت{ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﺧﺒـﺮ اﻟْﻤﺒـﺘﺪأِ و ِﺷﺒﻪ ﺟـﻤﻠَ ٍﺔ } ِ ﻟﻨِّﻴﱠ ِ
َ َ ّ َ َ َُ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُْ ُ ْ
ﻟَ َﻌﻠﱠ َﻤﺎ ﷲُ ﻳـَْﺮ َ
ﺣ ُـﻤﻨَﺎ Semoga Alloh merahmati Kita
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﱠﺖ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻌ َﻤ ِﻞ و) َﻣﺎ( َﻛﺎﻓﱠﺔٌ َزاﺋِ َﺪةٌ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ُﻛﻔ ْ
ف ﺗَـﺮٍج وﻧَﺼ ٍ ِ
ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َ ّ َ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻆ اﻟْ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ـﺠﻼَﻟَﺔ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﷲُ :ﻟَ ْﻔ ُ َ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِـٌﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ﻳـَ ُﻌ ْﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ}ﷲِ{ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩَِ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ِ
ﻳـَْﺮ َﺣ ُﻢ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
وﺟـﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓِﻌﻠِﻴﱠﺔٌ }ﻳـﺮﺣـﻤﻨﺎ{ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﺧﺒـﺮ اﻟْﻤﺒـﺘﺪأِ
َ َ ّ َ َ َُ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ ْ ْ َْ َ ُ َ
ﺎب ﻳـَ ُﻌ ْﻮ ُد ﻳـَ ْﻮًﻣﺎ Seandainya saja masa muda itu akan kembali pada suatu hari
ﻟَْﻴـﺘَ َﻤﺎ اﻟﺸﱠﺒَ ُ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﱠﺖ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻌ َﻤ ِﻞ و) َﻣﺎ( َﻛﺎﻓﱠﺔٌ َزاﺋِ َﺪةٌ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ف ﺗَـﻤ ٍﻦ وﻧَﺼ ٍ ِ
ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ُﻛﻔ ْ ﺖ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َ ّ َ ْ ﻟَْﻴ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎب ُ :ﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟﺸﱠﺒَ ُ
ِ ِ ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﺎب{
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘـٌﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ﻳـَ ُﻌ ْﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ}اﻟﺸﱠﺒَ ُ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩَِ ,واﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﻳـَ ُﻌ ْﻮُد :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎن(ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ﻳـﻮﻣﺎ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﻓِﻴ ِﻪ)ﻇَﺮ ُ ٍ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ف َزَﻣ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ ْ ْ َْ ً
وﺟـﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓِﻌﻠِﻴﱠﺔٌ }ﻳـﻌﻮد{ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﺧﺒـﺮ اﻟْﻤﺒـﺘﺪأِ
َ َ ّ َ َ َُ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ ْ ْ َُْ ُ
- 32 -
ﺗَـﻮاﺑِﻊ اﻟْﻤﺮﻓُـﻮ َﻋ ِ
ﺎت َ ُ َْ ْ
ﺖ/اَ ِّ
ﻟﺼ َﻔﺔُ ﱠﻌ ُ
{۱اَﻟﻨـ ْ
ﺖ اﻟْـ َﺤ ِﻘْﻴ ِﻘ ﱡﻲ ﺛَﻼَﺛَﺔُ أَﻧْـ َﻮ ٍاع ُ :ﻣ ْﻔَﺮٌد) َﻣﺎ َﻛﺎ َن َﻏْﻴـَﺮ ُﺟ ْـﻤﻠَ ٍﺔ( َو ِﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟ ْـﻤﻠَ ٍﺔ َو ُﺟ ْـﻤﻠَﺔٌ
ﱠﻌ ُ
اَﻟﻨـ ْ
Na’at Haqiqiy terbagi tiga jenis yaitu Na’at Mufrod (bentuknya bukan kalimat) dan Na’at Syibhul
Jumlah dan Na’at Kalimat
ـﺤ ِﻘ ْﻴ ِﻘ ِّﻲ اﻟ ُْﻤ ْﻔ َﺮِد اﻟ َْﻤ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ِع َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ﺟـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟﻨـ ْ ِ
ﱠﻌﺖ اﻟْ َ َُ
ـﺠ ِﺪﻳْ ُﺪ Telah hadir seorang guru laki-laki yang baru
س اﻟْ َ ِ
ﻀَﺮ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
َﺣ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ س :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟْـﺠ ِﺪﻳ ُﺪ :ﻧـَﻌﺖ ﻟِْﻠ َﻔ ِ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ْ ٌْ
ﺎن اﻟْـﺠ ِﺪﻳ َﺪ ِ
ان Telah hadir dua orang guru laki-laki yang baru ﻀﺮ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ
َ ْ َﺣ َ َ ُ ّ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ َ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮﻧُﻌِﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ ِ
ﺎن :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ُ َّ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜـَﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـﻨْ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ اﻟْ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ﺖ ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ـﺠﺪﻳْ َﺪان :ﻧـَ ْﻌ ٌ
َ
ﻀَﺮ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن اﻟْ ُ
ـﺠ ُﺪ ُد Telah hadir beberapa orang guru laki-laki yang baru َﺣ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ َ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ َُْ ُ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺖ ﻟِْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋِ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ـﺠ ُﺪ ُد :ﻧـَ ْﻌ ٌ اﻟْ ُ
ـﺠ ِﺪﻳْ َﺪةُ Telah hadir seorang guru perempuan yang baru ﺣ ِ
ﻀَﺮت اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔُ اﻟْ َ
َ َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ ﻀَﺮت :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ﺣ ِ ِ
َ َ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ
اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔُ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ اﻟْـﺠ ِﺪﻳ َﺪةُ :ﻧـَﻌﺖ ﻟِﻠْ َﻔ ِ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ٌْ َ ْ
ـﺠ ِﺪﻳْ َﺪ َ ِن Telah hadir dua orang guru perempuan yang baru ِ ﺣ ِ
ﻀَﺮت اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺘَﺎن اﻟْ َ
َ َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ ﻀَﺮت :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ِ ﺣ ِ
َ َ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺘ ِ ِ
ﺎن :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ُ ّ ََ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ
ﻒ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ اﻟْ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﺖ ﻟﻠْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ـﺠﺪﻳْ َﺪ َ ن :ﻧـَ ْﻌ ٌ
َ
ات Telah hadir beberapa orang guru perempuan yang baru ت اﻟْﻤﺪ ِرﺳﺎت اﻟْ ِ
ﺣ ِ
ـﺠﺪﻳْ َﺪ ُ
ﻀَﺮ ُ َ ّ َ ُ َ َ َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ
ﺣ ِ ِ
ﻀَﺮت :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ َ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ
َ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ
ﺎت :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اﻟْـﺠ ِﺪﻳ َﺪات :ﻧـَﻌ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺖ ﻟﻠْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
َ ْ ُ ٌْ
- 33 -
ﺟ ْـﻤﻠَ ٍﺔ( Adapun na’at yang berbentuk Syibhul Jumlah ِ ٍ
ُ ) harusﺟ ْـﻤﻠَﺔ( ) dan Na’at yang berbentuk Kalimatﺷْﺒﻪُ ُ
terletak setelah Isim Yang Nakiroh.
ـﺤ ِﻘ ْﻴ ِﻘ ِّﻲ اﻟ َْﻤ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ِع ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﺷ ْﺒ ِﻪ اﻟْـ ُﺠـ ْﻤﻠَ ِﺔ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ﺟـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟﻨـ ْ ِ
ﱠﻌﺖ اﻟْ َ َُ
ـﺠﻠِﺲ َوﻟَ ٌﺪ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻘ َﻌ ِﺪ Anak laki-laki itu duduk diatas bangku
ﻳَ ْ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ﱠ اﻟ ﻳـﺠﻠِﺲ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﻣﺮﻓُـﻮع وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ رﻓْﻌِ ِ
ﻪ
َ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َْ ْ ٌ َ َ َ َ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
َ َوﻟَ ٌﺪ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤﻞﱠ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َﻋﻠَﻰ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِ
ب} َﻋﻠَﻰ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻘ َﻌﺪ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ﺖ ﻟِْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋِ ِﻞ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻧـَ ْﻌ ٌ
ِ ِ ٍ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ } َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻘ َﻌﺪ{ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ِ
ﺴ ِﺠ ِﺪ Laki-laki itu berdiri didepan masjid ﻗَ َﺎم َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ أ ََﻣ َﺎم اﻟْ َﻤ ْ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻗَ َﺎم :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ِ ِ ﺎن(ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ أَﻣﺎم :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﻓِﻴ ِﻪ)ﻇَﺮ ُ ٍ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ف َﻣ َﻜ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ ْ ْ ََ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ﺎف إِﻟَﻴ ِﻪ ﻣـﺠﺮور وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ َْ ﻀ ٌ ْ َ ْ ٌُْ َ َ َ َ ّ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﺴﺠﺪ ُ :ﻣ َ
ﺖ ﻟِﻠْ َﻔﺎﻋِ ِﻞ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻧـَ ْﻌ ٌ
ِِ ِ ٍ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }أ ََﻣ َﺎم اﻟْ َﻤ ْﺴﺠﺪ{ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ِ
- 35 -
ﺴﻨَﺔُ أُﱡﻣ ُﻬ ْﻢ Telah datang beberapa orang siswa yang baik ibu mereka
ـﺤ َ َﺟﺎءَ اﻟﻄُﻼﱠ ُ
ب اﻟْ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺟﺎءَ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ باﻟﻄُﻼﱠ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋﻼَ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺖ َﺳﺒَﺒِ ﱞـﻲ ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ :ﻧـَ ْﻌ ٌ ـﺤ َﺴﻨَﺔُاﻟْ َ
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ٍ ﺎﻋﻞ ﻟِ ِ ٍ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﺼ َﻔﺔ ُﻣ َﺸﺒﱠـ َﻬﺔ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ :ﻓَ ٌ أُمﱞ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُﻫ ْـﻢ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗُﻪُ Laki-Laki ini banyak saudari-saudari perempuannya ِ
َﻫ َﺬا َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ َﻛﺜْﻴ َـﺮةٌ أ َ
ِِ ِ ِ ِ
:ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻫ َﺬا
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋﻼَ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺖ َﺳﺒَﺒِ ﱞـﻲ ﻟﻠْ َﺨﺒَـ ِﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ َﻛﺜْﻴ َـﺮةٌ :ﻧـَ ْﻌ ٌ
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ٍ ﺎﻋﻞ ﻟِ ِ ٍ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﺼ َﻔﺔ ُﻣ َﺸﺒﱠـ َﻬﺔ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ات :ﻓَ ٌ َﺧ َﻮ ُ أَ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﻀ ِﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُه
إﺧ َﻮﺗُـ َﻬﺎ Perempuan ini banyak saudara-saudara laki-lakinya ِ ِِ
َﻫﺬﻩ ْاﻣَﺮأَةٌ َﻛﺜْﻴ ٌـﺮ ْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ﻫ ِﺬﻩِ
:ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْاﻣَﺮأَةٌ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋﻼََﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ َﻛﺜِْﻴ ٌـﺮ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺖ َﺳﺒَﺒِ ﱞـﻲ ﻟ ْﻠ َﺨﺒَـ ِﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ :ﻧـَ ْﻌ ٌ
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ٍ :ﻓَﺎﻋِﻞ ﻟِ ِ ٍ إِ ْﺧ َﻮةُ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﺼ َﻔﺔ ُﻣ َﺸﺒﱠـ َﻬﺔ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ٌ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َﻫﺎ
ْﻒ
{۲اَﻟ َْﻌﻄ ُ
ﻂ ﺑـﻴـﻨﻪ و ﺑـﲔ ﻣْﺘـﺒـﻮ ِﻋ ِﻪ أَﺣ ُﺪ أ ِ
ف اﻟْﻌﻄْ ِ
ﻒ َﺣُﺮ َ ﻒ َ ﺑِ ٌﻊ ﻳَـﺘَـ َﻮ ﱠﺳ ُ َْ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ
اَﻟْ َﻌﻄْ ُ
2. Athof adalah : Pengikut dan yang diikutinya dipisahkan dengan salah satu huruf-huruf athof.
اَﻟْ َﻮ ُاو -اَﻟْ َﻔﺎءُ – ﺛـُ ﱠﻢ -أ َْو-أ َْم -ﻟَ ِﻜ ْﻦ -ﻻَ -ﺑَ ْﻞَ -ﺣﺘﱠـﻰ
ْﻒ َو أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤﻠِﻬﺎ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ
ف اﻟ َْﻌﻄ ِ ﻣﻌﻨـﻰ أَﺣﺮ ِ
َ َْ ْ ُ
اَﻟ َْﻮ ُاو :ﻟِ ُﻤﻄْﻠَ ِﻖ اﻟـْ َﺠ ْﻤ ِﻊ
ﺐ Guru laki-laki itu pergi dengan seorang siswa ﱠِ ِ
س َو اﻟﻄﺎﻟ ُ ﺐ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر َُذ َﻫ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﺐ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َذ َﻫ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ س :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ﱠِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ف َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﺐ َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ اﻟﻄﺎﻟ ُ
ﺎن Guru laki-laki itu pergi dengan dua orang siswa ذَﻫﺐ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرس و اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒ ِ
َ َ ُ َُّ َ
ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﺐ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ذَ َﻫ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ س :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜـَﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ ِ
ف َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ﺎن َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ اَﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒ ِ
َ
ب Guru laki-laki itu pergi dengan beberapa orang siswa س َو اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر َُذ َﻫ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﺐ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َذ َﻫ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ س :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
- 36 -
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ف َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ب َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
ﺳﺔُ َو اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَﺔُ Guru perempuan itu pergi dengan seorang siswi ِ
َذ َﻫﺒَﺖ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ َذ َﻫﺒَﺖ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ِ ِ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺔُ :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ َّ
ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ِ ٍ
ف َﻋﻄْﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَﺔُ َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ف َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎن Guru perempuan itu pergi dengan dua orang siswi ﺖ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺔُ و اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒـﺘَ ِ ِ
ذَ َﻫﺒَ ُ ّ َ َ َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ ذَ َﻫﺒَﺖ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ِ ِ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺔُ :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ َّ
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ف َﻋﻄْﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ ِ
ف َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ﺎن َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ اَﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒـﺘَ ِ
َ
ِ ِ
ﺎت Guru perempuan itu pergi dengan beberapa orang siswi َذ َﻫﺒَﺖ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔُ َو اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَ ُ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ ذَ َﻫﺒَﺖ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ِ ِ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺔُ :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ َّ
ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ِ ٍ
ف َﻋﻄْﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ف َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﺎت َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَ ُ
ﺐﱠﻌ ِﻘ ْﻴ ِ
ﺐ َﻣ َﻊ اﻟﺘـ ْ اَﻟْ َﻔﺎءُ :ﻟِﻠﺘـ ْﱠﺮﺗِْﻴ ِ
ﺼ ِﻞ Guru keluar, lalu para siswa keluar dari kelas ﺧﺮج اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرس ﻓَﺎﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ِ
ب ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْ َﻔ ْ ُ ََ َ ُ ّ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ َﺧَﺮ َج :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرس :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ ُّ
ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ِ ٍ
ف َﻋﻄْﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ فَ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ف َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ب َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ﲔ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ ِﻣ َﻦ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ ّ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ اﻟْ َﻔﺼ ِﻞ :اِﺳﻢ ﻣـﺠﺮور ِ ِ
ب}ﻣ ْﻦ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ ٌُْ ْ
ﺐ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺘـﱠﺮ ِ ِ ِ
اﺧﻲ ﺛـُ ﱠﻢ :ﻟﻠﺘـ ْﱠﺮﺗ ْﻴ ِ َ َ َ
ب Para guru laki-laki telah datang kemudian para siswa َﺟﺎءَ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن ﺛـُ ﱠﻢ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺟﺎءَ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ﻋﻮض ﻓِـﻲ ِ
َ ٌ َ ْ َْ ٌ ُ َُْ ُ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ﺛـُ ﱠﻢ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ف َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋِ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ب َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
ﺸ ِّ
ﻚ أ َْو :ﻟِﻠﺘﱠ ْﺨﻴِـ ْﻴـ ِﺮ أَ ِو اﻟ ﱠ
ﻲ Si Zaid yang Absen atau si Ali ِ
ﺐ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ أ َْو َﻋﻠ ﱞ
ﺗَـﻐَﻴﱠ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﺐ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﺗَـﻐَﻴﱠ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
اب{ ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ أ َْو َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ف ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َﻋﻠ ﱞﻲ َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ َ
ﲔﱠﻌﻴِ ْ ِ
ﺐ اﻟﺘـ ْ أ َْم :ﻟِﻄَﻠَ ِ
ﻒ...؟ ?Apakah kamu seorang guru ataukah seorang pegawai... ﺖ أ َْم ُﻣ َﻮﻇﱠ ٌ س أَﻧْ َ أَ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ٌ
اﺳﺘِ ْﻔ َﻬ ٍﺎم َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ف ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ أَ
- 37 -
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﱠم َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
س َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ٌ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ُﻣ َﺆ ﱠﺧٌﺮ ِ ِ ِ أَﻧْﺖ ِ :
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ِ ِ ٍ
ف َﻋﻄْﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ أ َْم
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ـﺨ َِﱪ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﻘﺪِﱠم َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ف َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َ ﻒ َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ ُﻣ َﻮﻇﱠ ٌ
َﻜﻦ :ﻟِﻼﺳﺘِ ْﺪر ِ
اك ِ
ْ َ ﻟ ْ
ﻲ Bukan si Zaid yang tidak hadir tetapi si Ali ِ ِ
ﻀَﺮ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ ﻟَﻜ ْﻦ َﻋﻠ ﱞ َﻣﺎ َﺣ َ
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف ﻧـَ ْﻔ ٍﻲ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َﻣﺎ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْ ِﺢ ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ ﻟَ ِﻜ ْﻦ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ َﻋﻠِ ﱞﻲ َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ف َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﻻَ :ﻟِﻠﻨﱠـ ْﻔ ِﻲ
ﻲ ﻻَ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ Si Ali yang telah menikah bukan si Zaid ِ
ﺗَـَﺰﱠو َج َﻋﻠ ﱞ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْ ِﺢﺗَـَﺰﱠو َج :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َﻋﻠ ﱞﻲ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ ﻻَ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ف َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ
اﻹﺑْﻄَ ِ ﺎل أَ ِو ِْ اب )ﻟِﻼﻧْﺘِ َﻘ ِ ﺿﺮ ِ ِ
ﺎل( ﺑَ ْﻞ :ﻟ ْ ِﻺ ْ َ
َﺣ َـﻤ ُﺪ Zaid datang,bahkan ahmad yang telah datang ِ
َﺟﺎءَ َﻋﻠ ﱞﻲ ﺑَ ْﻞ أ ْ
َﺟﺎءَ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﻋﻠِﻲ :ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ﱞ
اب{ ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ ﺑَ ْﻞ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ف َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ َﺣ َـﻤ ُﺪ َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ
أْ
َﺣﺘﱠـﻰ :ﻟِﻠْﻐَﺎﻳَِﺔ
ﺣﺘﱠـﻰ اﻟْ َﻘﺎﺋِ ُﺪ Musuh lari sampai pemimpinnya ﻓَـﱠﺮ اﻟْ َﻌ ُﺪ ﱡو َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢﻓَـﱠﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟْ َﻌ ُﺪ ﱡو :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َﺣﺘﱠـﻰ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ف ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟْ َﻘﺎﺋ ُﺪ َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ َ
ﺿ ِـﻤْﻴـًﺮا أ َْم ﻓِ ْﻌﻼً أ َْم َﺣ ْﺮﻓًﺎ أ َْم ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔً ِ ِ ِِ ٍ ِِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴ ٌﺪ ﻟَْﻔﻈ ﱞﻲ ﻳَ ُﻜ ْﻮ ُن ﺑِﺘﻜَْﺮا ِر ُﻣ َﺆﱠﻛﺪ ﺑِﻠَ ْﻔﻈﻪ أ َْو ﺑِـ ُﻤَﺮادﻓﻪ َﺳ َﻮاءٌ أَ َﻛﺎ َن ْ
اﺳ ًـﻤﺎ ﻇَﺎﻫًﺮا أ َْم َ
Taukid Lafzhiy bentuknya dengan mengulangi kata yang dikuatkan dengan lafaznya tersebut atau
dengan sema’na dengannya, sama saja apakah kata tersebut isim zhohir atau isim dhomir, atau fi’il(kata
kerja) atau huruf ataupun kalimat.
- 38 -
أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟﺘﱠـ ْﻮﻛِْﻴ ِﺪ اﻟﻠﱠ ْﻔ ِﻈ ِّﻲ اﻟ َْﻤ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ِع َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ
س Guru laki-laki,Guru laki-laki telah hadir ِ ِ
س ,اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
ﻀَﺮ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
َﺣ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ س :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ س :ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴ ٌﺪ ﻟَ ْﻔﻈ ﱞﻲ ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
ﺎن ,اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ
ﺎن Dua orang guru laki-laki, Dua orang guru laki-laki telah hadir ﻀﺮ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ
ُ َّ َﺣ َ َ ُ ّ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ َ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِدﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
ِ
ﺎن :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ
ُ َّ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨﱠـﻰ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َُ ْ ُُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ﻒ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺎن :ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴ ٌﺪ ﻟَْﻔﻈ ﱞﻲ ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺳ ْﻮ َن Para guru laki-laki, Para guru laki-laki telah hadir ﻀَﺮ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن ,اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُ َﺣ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ َ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِدﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ َُْ ُ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ٌَ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ َُْ ُ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ
اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن :ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴ ٌﺪ ﻟَ ْﻔﻈ ﱞﻲ ﻟﻠْ َﻔﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺣ ِ
ﺳﺔُ Guru perempuan, Guru perempuan telah hadir ﻀَﺮت اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔُ ,اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َ َ َ
ِ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ ﺣ ِ ِ
ﲔ ْ ْ ّ ْ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ َ َُ َ ْ ﻀَﺮت :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺔُ :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ َّ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔُ :ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴ ٌﺪ ﻟَ ْﻔﻈ ﱞﻲ ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎن Dua orang guru perempuan, Dua orang guru perempuan telah hadir ﺎن ,اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺘَ ِ ت اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺘَ ِ ﺣ ِ
ُ َّ ﻀَﺮ ُ ّ َ َ َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْﲔِ ِ ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎءُ َﻋﻼَ َﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧْﻴﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ِ ﻀَﺮت :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ِ ِ
َﺣ َ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺘ ِ ِ
ﺎن :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ُ ّ ََ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ﻒ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺘَ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ﺎن :ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴ ٌﺪ ﻟَْﻔﻈ ﱞﻲ ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ُ َّ
ﺣ ِ
ﺎت Para guru perempuan, Para guru perempuan telah hadir ﺎت ,اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ ﻀَﺮت اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ َ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮن اﻟﱠﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ﻻﻟْﺘ َﻘﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎءُ َﻋﻼَ َﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧْﻴﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ِ ﻀَﺮت :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ِ ِ
ْ ْ ّ ْ َﺣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َوﻋَ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺎت :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ َّ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﺎت :ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴ ٌﺪ ﻟَ ْﻔﻈ ﱞﻲ ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ
ﺎظ اْﻵﺗِﻴَ ِﺔ : ي ﻳ ُﻜﻮ ُن َِْﻷَﻟْ َﻔ ِ ِ
اَﻟﺘﱠـ ْﻮﻛْﻴ ُﺪ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻌﻨَ ِﻮ ﱡ َ ْ
ﲔ)ﻟِ ِْﻺﻓْـَﺮ ِاد( ﺲ َو َﻋ ٌْ ﻧـَ ْﻔ ٌ
ﻛِﻼَ َو ﻛِْﻠﺘَﺎ )ﻟِﻠﺘﱠـﺜْﻨِﻴَ ِﺔ(
َﺟـ ِﻤْﻴ ٌﻊ َو ُﻛﻞﱞ َو َﻋﺎ ﱠﻣﺔٌ )ﻟِﻠْ َﺠ ْﻤ ِﻊ(
ﲔ )ﻟِﻠﺘﱠـﺜْﻨِﻴَ ِﺔ َواﻟْـ َﺠ ْﻤ ِﻊ( ﺲ َوأ َْﻋ ُ ٌ أَﻧْـ ُﻔ ٌ
ي اﻟ َْﻤ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ِع َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ ِِ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟﺘﱠـ ْﻮﻛ ْﻴﺪ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻌﻨَ ِﻮ ِّ
ﺴﻪُ Guru laki-laki telah hadir sendiriannya ِ
س ﻧـَ ْﻔ ُ ﻀَﺮ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ َﺣ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ س :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻧـَ ْﻔﺲ :ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٌﺪ ﻣﻌﻨَ ِﻮ ﱞ ِ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ي ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ْ ْ َْ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَﻴﻪِ ﻀ ﻣ ٍ
ﺮ ﺟ ِ
ﻞ ـﺤ ﻣ ـﻲ ِ
ﻓ ﻢِ ﻀ
ﱠ اﻟ ﻰ ﻠ ﻋ ـﻲ ِﻨ ﺒ ﻣ
َ ْ ٌ ُ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ ََ ﻞ ِ
ﱠﺼ ﺘ ﻣ ﺮ ـ ﻴﻤِ ﺿ : ُه
َ َ ّ َّ ُ َ ٌ ْ
ﺎن ﻛِﻼَ ُﻫ َـﻤﺎ Dua orang guru laki-laki telah hadir keduanya ﻀﺮ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ
َﺣ َ َ ُ ّ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ َ
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اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِدﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ ِ ِ
اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺎن :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺮﻓُـﻮع وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ رﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ ْاﻷَﻟِﻒ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ :ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٌﺪ ﻣﻌﻨَ ِﻮ ﱞ ِ ِ ﻛِﻼَ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣ ْﻠ َﺤ ٌﻖ ِ ﻟْ ُﻤﺜَـﻨﱠـﻰ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ُ ََ َ ي ﻟﻠْ َﻔ َ ْ ْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ َْ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُﻫ َـﻤﺎ
ﺴ ُﻬ ْﻢ Para guru laki-laki telah hadir mereka semuanya ِ
ﻀَﺮ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن أَﻧْـ ُﻔ َُﺣ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ َ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ﻋﻮض ﻓِـﻲ ِ
َ ٌ َ ْ َْ ٌ ُ َُْ ُ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠي ﻟِﻠْ َﻔ ِﺲ :ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛِْﻴ ٌﺪ َﻣ ْﻌﻨَ ِﻮ ﱞ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ أَﻧْـ ُﻔ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ ﻋَﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُﻫ ْﻢ
ﺴ َﻬﺎ Guru perempuan telah hadir sendiriannya ِ ﺣ ِ
ﻀَﺮت اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر َﺳﺔُ ﻧـَ ْﻔ ُ َ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ﻻﻟْﺘ َﻘﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛﻨَـ ْ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧﻴ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﲔ ْ ْ ّ ْ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ َ َُ َ ْ ﻀَﺮت :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َﺣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺔُ :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ َّ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧﺮﻩ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ي ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﺲ :ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴ ٌﺪ َﻣ ْﻌﻨَﻮ ﱞ ﻧـَ ْﻔ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ اﻟﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ ُ َ َﻫﺎ
ِ ِ ﺣ ِ
ﺎﻫ َـﻤﺎ Dua orang guru perempuan telah hadir keduanya ﻀَﺮت اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺘَﺎن ﻛ ْﻠﺘَ ُ َ َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْﲔِ ِ ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎءُ َﻋﻼََﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧْﻴﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ِ ﻀَﺮت :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍِ ِ
َﺣ َ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺘ ِ ِ
ﺎن :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ُ ّ ََ
ِ ِ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺮﻓُـﻮع وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ رﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ ْاﻷَﻟﻒ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
:ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٌﺪ ﻣﻌﻨَ ِﻮ ﱞ ِ ﻛِْﻠﺘَﺎ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣ ْﻠ َﺤ ٌﻖ ِ ﻟْ ُﻤﺜَـﻨﱠـﻰ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ُ ََ َ ي ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔ َ ْ ْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ َْ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُﻫ َـﻤﺎ
ﺣ ِ
ﺴ ُﻬ ﱠﻦ Para Guru perempuan telah hadir mereka semuanya ﻀَﺮت اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ
ﺎت أَﻧْـ ُﻔ ُ َ َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ ﻀَﺮت :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ِ ﺣ ِ
َ َ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺎت :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ َّ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﺲ :ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴ ٌﺪ َﻣ ْﻌﻨَ ِﻮ ﱞ
ي ﻟﻠْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ أَﻧْـ ُﻔ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُﻫ ﱠﻦ
{٤اَﻟْﺒَ َﺪ ُل
ﲔ َﻣْﺘـﺒُـ ْﻮ ِﻋ ِﻪ ِ ٍ
ﺼ ْﻮُد ِ ﻟْـ ُﺤ ْﻜ ِﻢ ﺑِﻼَ َواﺳﻄَﺔ ﺑَـْﻴـﻨَﻪُ َوﺑَـ ْ َ
اَﻟْﺒَ َﺪ ُل ُﻫ َﻮ اﻟﺘﱠﺎﺑِ ُﻊ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻘ ُ
4. Badal adalah : Pengikut yang dimaksud dengan hukum(I’irob) tanpa perantara (huruf) antara badal
tersebut dan yang diikutinya.
اَﻟْﺒَ َﺪ ُل أ َْرﺑَـ َﻌﺔُ أَﻧْـ َﻮ ٍاع :ﺑَ َﺪ ٌل ُﻣﻄَﺎﺑِ ٌﻖ)ﺑَ َﺪ ُل َﺷْﻴ ٍﺊ ِﻣﻦ َﺷﻲ ٍء( َو ﺑَ َﺪ ُل ﺑَـ ْﻌ ٍ
ﺾ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﻛ ٍّﻞ وﺑَ َﺪ ُل ا ْﺷﺘِﻤـَ ٍﺎل َو ﺑَ َﺪ ٌل ُﻣﺒَﺎﻳِ ٌﻦ ْ
Badal terbagi empat jenis yaitu : Badal Muthobiq, Badal Ba’dhin min kulli, Badal Isytimal dan Badal
Mubayin.
أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟْﺒَ َﺪ ِل اﻟ َْﻤ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ِع َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ
ﱠﻲ ِء/ﺑَ َﺪ ُل اﻟْ ُﻜ ِّﻞ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟْ ُﻜ ِّﻞ(
ﱠﻲء ﻣ َﻦ اﻟﺸ ْ
-اَﻟْﺒ َﺪ ُل اﻟْﻤﻄَﺎﺑِﻖ )ﺑ َﺪ ُل اﻟﺸ ِ ِ
ْ َ ُ ُ َ
ﺧﺎﻟِ ٌﺪ Telah datang tamu laki-laki kita si Kholid ﺿْﻴـ ُﻔﻨَﺎ َ
َﺟﺎءَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ َﺟﺎءَ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺿﻴﻒ :ﻓَ ِ
ﺎف ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ َْ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ َﺧﺎﻟِ ٌﺪ :ﺑَ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋِ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
- 40 -
ﺿْﻴـ َﻔﺘُـﻨَﺎ ُرﻗَـﻴﱠﺔُ Telah datang tamu perempuan kita si Ruqayyah
ت َ
َﺟﺎءَ ْ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ ِ
ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ َ َُ َ ْ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ ت
َﺟﺎءَ ْ
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﺿْﻴـ َﻔﺔُ
َ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
:ﺑَ َﺪ ٌل ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ُرﻗَـﻴﱠﺔُ
َ
ﺳ ْﻮ َن أَذْﻛِﻴَﺎءُ Mereka ini adalah para guru laki-laki yang cerdas ِ
َﻫ ُﺆَﻻء اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُ
ِِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َﻫ ُﺆَﻻء :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد ْ َ ٌَ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ َُْ ُ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن :ﺑَ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِْﻠ ُﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأِ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً ﻋَ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ أَذْﻛِﻴَﺎءُ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ِ ِ
ﺎت Mereka ini adalah para guru perempuan yang cerdas ﺎت ذَﻛﻴﱠ ٌ َﻫ ُﺆَﻻء اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ
ِِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َﻫ ُﺆَﻻء :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎت :ﺑَ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِْﻠ ُﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأِ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎت َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ذَﻛﻴﱠ ٌ
ﺎب ﻟَِﺰﻳْ ٍﺪ Ini adalah buku milik Zaid ِ
َﻫ َﺬا اﻟْﻜﺘَ ُ
ِِ ِ ِ ِ
َﻫ َﺬا :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﺎب :ﺑَ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِْﻠ ُﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأِ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
اﻟْﻜﺘَ ُ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ِل
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ٍ
ب}اَﻻﱠم{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َزﻳْﺪ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒـٌَﺮ ٍ ِ ٍ ِ ِ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }ﻟَﺰﻳْﺪ{ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
َﻫ ِﺬﻩِ اﻟْ ُﻜﺘُﺐ ﻟِﻠﻄﱡﻼﱠ ِ
ب Ini adalah buku-buku milik para siswa ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ﻫ ِﺬﻩِ
:ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﺐ :ﺑَ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِْﻠ ُﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأِ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻟْ ُﻜﺘُ ُ
ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ِل
اب{ ـﺤﻞﱠ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِ
ب}اَﻻﱠم{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ } ﻟﻠﻄﱡﻼﱠب{ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒـٌَﺮ
ﺾ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟْ ُﻜ ِّﻞ -ﺑَ َﺪ ُل اﻟْﺒَـ ْﻌ ِ
ﻀ ُﻬ ْﻢ Para siswa telah hadir sebahagian mereka ب ﺑـَ ْﻌ ُ ﻀَﺮ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ َﺣ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ َ
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ب :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠﺑـﻌﺾ :ﺑ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِﻠْ َﻔ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ َ َْ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَﻴﻪِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ٌ ْ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ُﻫ ْـﻢ َ :
ﺣ ِ ِ
ﻀ ُﻬ ﱠﻦ Para siswi telah hadir sebahagian mereka ﻀَﺮت اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَ ُ
ﺎت ﺑـَ ْﻌ ُ َ َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
:ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ِ ﺣﻀﺮ ِ
ت
ْ ْ ّ ْ َ َُ َ ْ َ ََ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَ ُ
ﺎت
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ :ﺑَ َﺪ ٌل ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﺾ
ﺑـَ ْﻌ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُﻫ ﱠﻦ
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ﺎل -ﺑَ َﺪ ُل اﻻ ْﺷﺘِﻤـَ ِ
ﺎؤﻩُ Si Zaid membuatku kagum yaitu kecerdasannya ـﺠﺒَﻨِـ ْﻲ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ ذَ َﻛ ُ
أ َْﻋ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﺐ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ـﺠ َ أ َْﻋ َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨـِ ﱞﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ :ﻧـُ ْﻮ ُن اﻟْ ِﻮﻗَﺎﻳَِﺔ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ِن
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِِ ِ ِ ي ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ْ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
َ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ذَ َﻛﺎءُ :ﺑَ َﺪ ٌل ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ه ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺟ َـﻤﺎﻟُـ َﻬﺎ Si ‘Aisyah membuatku kagum yaitu kecantikannya أَﻋ ِ ِ
ـﺠﺒَـْﺘﻨـﻲ َﻋﺎﺋ َﺸﺔُ َ
َْ ْ
ف ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ ِ ِ ﺖ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍِ
ْ ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎءُ َﻋﻼََﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧْﻴﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ ـﺠﺒَ ْ
أ َْﻋ َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨـِ ﱞﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ :ﻧـُ ْﻮ ُن اﻟْ ِﻮﻗَﺎﻳَِﺔ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ِن
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ْي
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ َﻋﺎﺋِ َﺸﺔُ :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ِ ِ ﺎل :ﺑ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِﻠْ َﻔ ِ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ َ َﺟ َـﻤ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َﻫﺎ
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َﺳ َـﻤ ِﺎء ب اﻟْﻤ ْﻨﺼﻮ ِ ِ
ت ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷ ْ َ ُ َ ُْ َ
اَﻟْﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮ ُل ﺑِِﻪ اِﺳﻢ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب ﻳ ُﺪ ﱡل ﻋﻠَﻰ َﺷﻲ ٍء وﻗَﻊ ﻋﻠَﻴ ِﻪ ﻓِﻌﻞ اﻟْ َﻔ ِ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ إِﺛْـﺒَـﺘًﺎ أ َْو ﻧَـ ْﻔﻴًﺎ ْ َ َ َْ ُْ ْ ٌ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ُْ
1. Maf’ul Bih adalah : Isim Manshub yang menunjukkan atas sesuatu yang menjadi objek perbuatan
pelaku baik itu kalimat positif atau kalimat negatif.
أَﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ﺟـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮ ِل ﺑِ ِﻪ ِﻣﻦ ْاﻷَﺳـﻤ ِﺎء اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
ﺎﻫ َﺮةِ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ َ َْ ْ ُ َ َ ُْ
ت اﻟْ َﻔﻼﱠ َ
ح )Saya telah menolong seorang petani(laki-laki ﺼ ْﺮ ُ
ﻧَ َ
ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ اﻟْ َﻔﻼﱠ َح َ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ت اﻟْ َﻔﻼﱠ َﺣ ْ ِ
ﲔ )Saya telah menolong dua orang petani(laki-laki ﺼ ْﺮ ُ
ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ﲔ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
ِ
ض َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨﻮﻳْ ِﻦ ﻓـﻲ ْ ُ َ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْﻴَﺎءُ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰَ ,واﻟﻨـ ْﱡﻮ ُن ﻋ َﻮ ٌ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ِ
اﻟْ َﻔﻼﱠ َﺣ ْ َ ُ ْ
ِ
ﲔ )Saya telah menolong beberapa orang petani(laki-laki ت اﻟْ َﻔﻼﱠﺣ َْ ﺼ ْﺮ ُ ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
اﻟْ َﻔﻼﱠ ِﺣﲔ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ٌَ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُ َُْ ُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َْ َ ُ ْ
ﺣﺔَ )Saya telah menolong seorang petani(perempuan ت اﻟْ َﻔﻼﱠ َ ﺼ ْﺮ ُ ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِنﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟْ َﻔﻼﱠﺣﺔَ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ َ ُْ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
ﲔ )Saya telah menolong dua orang petani(perempuan ت اﻟْ َﻔﻼﱠ َﺣﺘَـ ْ ِ ﺼ ْﺮ ُ ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِﲔ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ اﻟْ َﻔﻼﱠ َﺣﺘَـ ْ َ ُ ْ
ﺎت )Saya telah menolong beberapa orang petani(perempuan ﻧَﺼﺮت اﻟْ َﻔﻼﱠﺣ ِ
َ َْ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﺼ ْﺮ
ﻧَ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ َﺟ ْـﻤ ُﻊ ُﻣ َﺆﻧﱠﺚ َﺳﺎﻟ ٌـﻢ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ اَﻟْ َﻔﻼﱠ َﺣﺎت َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎﺣﺎ Saya tidak minum susu pada pagi hari ﺻﺒَ ً
ﱭ َ ﺖ اﻟﻠﱠ ََ َﻣﺎ َﺷ ِﺮﺑْ ُ
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف ﻧـَ ْﻔ ٍﻲ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
ـﺤﻞﱠ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﻣﺎ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ بَﺷ ِﺮ ْ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ تُ
ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ ﱭاﻟﻠﱠ ََ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎن(ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ﺻﺒﺎﺣﺎ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﻓِﻴ ِﻪ)ﻇَﺮ ُ ٍ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ف َزَﻣ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ ْ ْ ََ ً
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أَﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ﺟـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮ ِل ﺑِ ِﻪ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻀﱠﻤﺎﺋِ ِﺮ اﻟْﻤﺘ ِ
ﱠﺼﻠَ ِﺔ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ ُ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ ُْ
ﺼ ْﺮﺗُﻪُ )Saya telah menolong dia(seorang laki-laki
ﻧَ َ
ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ
ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ه ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ّ َ ُ
ﺼ ْﺮﺗُـ ُﻬ َﻤﺎ )Saya telah menolong mereka berdua(dua orang laki-laki
ﻧَ َ
ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِﻪِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼ َ ُْ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ُﻫ َـﻤﺎ َ :
ﺼ ْﺮﺗـُ ُﻬ ْﻢ )Saya telah menolong mereka(beberapa orang laki-laki
ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِنﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِﻪِ ـﺤ ِﻞ ﻧَ ْ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼ َ ُْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ ُﻫ ْـﻢ َ :
ﺼ ْﺮﺗـُ َﻬﺎ )Saya telah menolong dia(seorang perempuan
ﻧَ َ
ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِِ ِ ِ ﻫﺎ ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
ﺼ ْﺮﺗُـ ُﻬ َﻤﺎ )Saya telah menolong mereka (beberapa orang perempuan
ﻧَ َ
ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﻧَ َ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِﻪِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼ َ ُْ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ُﻫ َـﻤﺎ َ :
ﺼ ْﺮﺗُـ ُﻬ ﱠﻦ )Saya telah menolong mereka berdua(dua orang perempuan ﻧَ َ
ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِﻪِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼ َ ُْ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َُﻫ ﱠﻦ َ :
ﻚ )Saya telah menolong kamu(seorang laki-laki
ﺼ ْﺮﺗُ َ
ﻧَ َ
ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ َك ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ﻜ َﻤﺎ )Saya telah menolong kalian berdua(dua orang laki-laki
ﺼ ْﺮﺗُ ُ
ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِنﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِﻪِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣـ َﺤ ِﻞ ﻧَ ْ ٍ ِ
ﺼ َ ُْ ّ ْ ٌ ُﻛ َـﻤﺎ ٌ َ :
ﻜ ْﻢ )Saya telah menolong kalian(beberapa orang laki-laki ﺼ ْﺮﺗُ ُ
ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِنﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِﻪِ ـﺤ ِﻞ ﻧَ ْ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼ َ ُْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ ُﻛ ْﻢ َ :
ﻧَﺼﺮﺗُ ِ
ﻚ )Saya telah menolong kamu(seorang perempuan َْ
ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﻧَ َ
- 44 -
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ِك
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ َ
ﻜ َﻤﺎ )Saya telah menolong kalian berdua(dua orang perempuan
ﺼ ْﺮﺗُ ُ
ﻧَ َ
ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﻧَ َ
ﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِﻪِـﺤ ِﻞ ﻧَ ْ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼ َ ُْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ ُﻛ َﻤﺎ َ :
ﻜ ﱠﻦ )Saya telah menolong kalian(beberapa orang perempuan
ﺼ ْﺮﺗُ ُ
ﻧَ َ
ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِﻪِ ـﺤ ِﻞ ﻧَ ْ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ُﻛ ﱠﻦ ِ :
ﺼ َ ُْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َّ
ﺼَﺮﻧـِﻲ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ Zaid telah menolong saya
ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢﺼَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨـِ ﱞﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ :ﻧـُ ْﻮ ُن اﻟْ ِﻮﻗَﺎﻳَِﺔ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ِن
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِِ ِ ِ ي ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
َ َ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺼَﺮَ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ Zaid telah menolong kami
ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢﺼَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
َ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
أَﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ﺟـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮ ِل ﺑِ ِﻪ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻀﱠﻤﺎﺋِ ِﺮ اﻟْﻤ ْﻨـ َﻔ ِ
ﺼﻠَ ِﺔ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ ُ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ ُْ
ﺖ Dialah (seorang laki-laki) yang telah saya lihat إِ ﱠ ﻩُ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ِ ﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ ﻩ ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ
ْ َي :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
إِ ﱠ ُﻫ َـﻤﺎ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ﺖ Mereka berdualah(dua orang laki-laki) yang telah saya lihat
ِ ِِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ ﻫـﻤﺎ ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َُ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ
ْ َي :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺖ Merekalah(beberapa orang laki-laki) yang telah saya lihat إِ ﱠ ُﻫ ْﻢ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ِ ِِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ ﻫـﻢ ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُْ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِنَي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺖ Dialah(seorang perempuan) yang telah saya lihat إِ ﱠ َﻫﺎ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ِ ِِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ ﻫﺎ ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ
ْ َي :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺖ Mereka berdualah (dua orang perempuan) yang telah saya lihat إِ ﱠ ُﻫ َـﻤﺎ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ِ ِِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ ﻫـﻤﺎ ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َُ
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:ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي
َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ت
ُ
إِ ﱠ ُﻫ ﱠﻦ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ﺖ Merekalah (beberapa orang perempuan) yang telah saya lihat
ِ ِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ ﻫـ ﱠﻦ ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ٍ ِ
ْ َي :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ َ ْ ﱞ َ َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺖ Kamulah(seorang laki-laki) yang telah saya lihat إِ ﱠ َك َرأَﻳْ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ َك ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ
ْ َي :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺖ Kalian berdualah(dua orang laki-laki) yang telah saya lihat إِ ﱠ َﻛ َﻤﺎ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ِ ِِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ َﻛﻤﺎ ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ٍ ِ
ْ َي :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ َ ْ ﱞ َ َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺖ Kalianlah(beberapa orang laki-laki) yang telah saya lihat إِ ﱠ ُﻛ ْﻢ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ِ ِِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ ُﻛﻢ ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ْ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ
ْ َي :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ
ﺖ Kamulah(seorang perempuan) yang telah saya lihat إِ ﱠ ك َرأَﻳْ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ ِك ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ َ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ
ْ َي :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺖ Kalian berdualah(dua orang perempuan) yang telah saya lihat إِ ﱠ ُﻛ َﻤﺎ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ِ ِِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ ُﻛﻤﺎ ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ٍ ِ
ْ َي :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ َ ْ ﱞ َ َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺖ Kalianlah(beberapa orang perempuan) yang telah saya lihat إِ ﱠ ُﻛ ﱠﻦ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ ُﻛ ﱠﻦ ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ
ْ َي :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
س Sayalah yang telah dilihat guru ِ ِ
ي َرأَى اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ إﱠ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ ي ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
ﱠﻌ ﱡﺬ ِر( ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﻘ ﱠﺪ ِر َﻋﻠَﻰ ْاﻷَﻟﻒ ) ﻟﻠﺘـ َ َرأَى :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ س :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
س Kamilah yang telah dilihat guru ِ ِ
إ ﱠ َ َرأَى اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
ِ ِِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ َ ِ :
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ﱠﻌ ﱡﺬ ِر( ِِ ِ رأَى :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﻘ ﱠﺪ ِر َﻋﻠَﻰ ْاﻷَﻟﻒ ) ﻟﻠﺘـ َ ٌَْ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ
س :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
َ َ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر ُ
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َﺳ َـﻤ ِﺎء ِْ
اﻹ َﺷﺎ َرةِ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ ِِ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟ َْﻤ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮ ِل ﺑِﻪ ﻣ ْﻦ أ ْ
ﺐ Saya telah menasehati siswa laki-laki ini ﱠِ
ﺖ َﻫ َﺬا اﻟﻄﺎﻟ َ
ﺼ ْﺤ ُ
ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺼ ْﺢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ٌﻞ ﺑِِﻪ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼٍ َﻫ َﺬا :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺐ :ﺑ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ َ َ
ﲔ Saya telah menasehati dua siswa laki-laki ini ﺖ َﻫ َﺬﻳْ ِﻦ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَـ ْ ِ ﺼ ْﺤ ُ ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺼ ْﺢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻳـ ْﻌﺮ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
اب اﻟْ ُﻤﺜَـﻨﱠـﻰ ب إ ْﻋَﺮ ُ ب َو َﻋﻼََﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ َ ُ ُ َ ُ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ َﻫ َﺬﻳْ ِﻦ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إِ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ٌﻞ ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﲔ :ﺑ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَـ ْ ِ
َ َ ُْ
ِ
ب Saya telah menasehati para siswa laki-laki ini ﺖ َﻫ ُﺆﻻَء اﻟﻄﱡﻼَ َ ﺼ ْﺤ ُ ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺼ ْﺢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ٌﻞ ﺑِِﻪ ِ ِ ِ ِ َﻫ ُﺆَﻻ ِء
ﺼٍ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟﻄﱡﻼَب :ﺑ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ َ َ
ﺖ َﻫ ِﺬﻩِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَﺔَ Saya telah menasehati siswi perempuan ini ﺼ ْﺤ ُ ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺼ ْﺢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻞ ﺑِﻪِ ـﺤ ِﻞ ﻧَ ْ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼ َ ٌُ َﻫﺬﻩ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرة َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴﺮ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒﺔَ :ﺑ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ َ َ
ﲔ Saya telah menasehati dua siswi perempuan ini ﲔ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَـﺘَـ ْ ِﺖ َﻫﺎﺗَـ ْ ِ ﺼ ْﺤ ُ ﻧَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺼ ْﺢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻳـ ْﻌﺮ ِ ِِ ِ
اب اﻟْ ُﻤﺜَـﻨﱠـﻰب إ ْﻋَﺮ ُ ب َو َﻋﻼََﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ َ ُ ُ َ ُ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ ﲔ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إِ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ٌﻞ ﺑﻪ َﻣﻨْ ُ َﻫﺎﺗَـ ْ ِ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﲔ :ﺑ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَـﺘَـ ْ َ َ ُ ْ
ﺎت Saya telah menasehati para siswi perempuan ini ﻧَﺼﺤﺖ ﻫﺆﻻَ ِء اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒ ِ
َ َ ْ ُ َُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺼ ْﺢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻧَ َ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ٌﻞ ﺑِِﻪ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼٍ َﻫ ُﺆَﻻء :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺚ َﺳﺎﻟِ ٌـﻢ
ت :ﺑ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣﺆﻧﱠ ٍ
َ ُ َ ْ ُ َُ َْ َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ
اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒﺎ ِ
َ
ﺻ ْﻮﻟ َِﺔ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ ِ ِِ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟ َْﻤ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮ ِل ﺑِﻪ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷَ ْﺳ َـﻤﺎء اﻟ َْﻤ ْﻮ ُ
ِ ِ
أَ ْﻛ ِﺮم اﻟﱠﺬى َﻋﻠﱠ َﻤ َ
ﻚ Muliakanlah yang dia seorang laki-laki telah mengajarimu :
أَ ْﻛ ِﺮْم :ﻓِ ْﻌ ُﻞ أ َْﻣ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِِ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺻ ْﻮٌل َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ اﻟﱠﺬي :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْﻮ ُ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَِ ٌﱰ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ﻳـَ ُﻌ ْﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ}اﻟﱠ ِﺬي{ ِ ﻋﻠﱠﻢ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ ٌَْ ََ
ﺐ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِﻪِ ـﺤ ِﻞ ﻧَ ْ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼ َ ُْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ َ : َك
ﺻ ْﻮِل ﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻻ ﻣـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَـﻬﺎ ِﻣﻦ ِْ ِ ِ واﻟْـﺠـﻤﻠَﺔُ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌﻠِﻴﱠﺔُ ِﻣﻦ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌ ِﻞ واﻟْ َﻔ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب ﺻﻠَﺔُ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻮ ُ ََ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُْ
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أَ ْﻛ ِﺮِم اﻟﻠﱠ َﺬﻳْ ِﻦ َﻋﻠﱠ َﻤ َ
ﺎك Muliakanlah yang mereka dua orang laki-laki telah mengajarimu
أَ ْﻛ ِﺮْم :ﻓِ ْﻌ ُﻞ أ َْﻣ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن
ﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻳـ ْﻌﺮ ِ ِ
اب اﻟْ ُﻤﺜَـﻨﱠـﻰ ب إ ْﻋَﺮ ُ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ َ ُ ُ َ ُ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺻ ْﻮٌل َﻣﻨً ُاﻟﻠﱠ َﺬﻳْ ِﻦ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْﻮ ُ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ﲔ ِ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,وأَﻟِ ِ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﻳـَﻌُ ْﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ}اﻟﻠﱠ َﺬﻳْ ِﻦ{ َََّ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ ﻒ اﻻﺛْـﻨَـ ْ ِ َ َ ُ َﻋﻠﱠ َﻤﺎ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َك
ﺻ ْﻮِل ﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻻ ﻣـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَـﻬﺎ ِﻣﻦ ِْ ِ ِ واﻟْـﺠـﻤﻠَﺔُ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌﻠِﻴﱠﺔُ ِﻣﻦ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌ ِﻞ واﻟْ َﻔ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب ﺻﻠَﺔُ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻮ ُ ََ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُْ
أَ ْﻛ ِﺮِم اﻟﱠ ِﺬﻳْ َﻦ َﻋﻠﱠ ُﻤ ْﻮ َك Muliakanlah yang mereka para laki-laki telah mengajarimu
أَ ْﻛ ِﺮْم :ﻓِ ْﻌ ُﻞ أ َْﻣ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺻ ْﻮٌل َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ اﻟﱠﺬﻳْ َﻦ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْﻮ ُ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﻳـَ ُﻌ ْﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ}اﻟﱠ ِﺬﻳْ َﻦ{
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
َََّ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ِ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ,وواو اﻟْـﺠﻤﺎﻋ ِﺔ ِ
ّ ََ ُ َ َ َ َ ﻀُﺮْوا :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ِ
َﺣ َ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َك
ﺻ ْﻮِل ﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻻ ﻣـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَـﻬﺎ ِﻣﻦ ِْ ِ ِ واﻟْـﺠـﻤﻠَﺔُ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌﻠِﻴﱠﺔُ ِﻣﻦ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌ ِﻞ واﻟْ َﻔ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب ﺻﻠَﺔُ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻮ ُ ََ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُْ
ِ
ﻚ Muliakanlah Yang Dia Seorang Perempuan Telah Mengajarimu أَ ْﻛ ِﺮم اﻟﱠﺘِـﻲ َﻋﻠﱠ َﻤْﺘ َ
أَ ْﻛ ِﺮْم :ﻓِ ْﻌ ُﻞ أ َْﻣ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِِ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺻ ْﻮٌل َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ اﻟﱠﺘـﻲ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْﻮ ُ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَِ ٌﱰ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ِﻫ َﻲ ﻳـَﻌُ ْﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ}اﻟﱠﺘِـﻲ{ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎءُ َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧْﻴﺚَ ،واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﻋﻠﱠﻤﺖ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
َ َ ْ ٌَْ
ﺐ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِﻪِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﺼ َ ُْ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َك
ﺻ ْﻮِل ﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻻ ﻣـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَـﻬﺎ ِﻣﻦ ِْ ِ ِ واﻟْـﺠـﻤﻠَﺔُ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌﻠِﻴﱠﺔُ ِﻣﻦ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌ ِﻞ واﻟْ َﻔ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب ﺻﻠَﺔُ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻮ ُ ََ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُْ
ﺎك Muliakanlah Yang Mereka dua Orang Perempuan Telah Mengajarimu ﲔ َﻋﻠﱠ َﻤﺘَ َ أَ ْﻛ ِﺮِم اﻟﻠﱠﺘَـ ْ ِ
أَ ْﻛ ِﺮْم :ﻓِ ْﻌ ُﻞ أ َْﻣ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن
ﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻳـ ْﻌﺮ ِ ِ اﻟﻠﱠﺘَـ ْ ِ
اب اﻟْ ُﻤﺜَـﻨﱠـﻰ ب إ ْﻋَﺮ ُ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ َ ُ ُ َ ُ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺻ ْﻮٌل َﻣﻨً ُ ﲔ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْﻮ ُ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ ِ
ﺚ َ َُ َ ْ َﻋﻠﱠ َﻤﺘَﺎ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِﻞ ﻳـَ ُﻌﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ}اَﻟﻠﱠﺘَـ ْ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ﲔ ِ وأَﻟِ ِ
ﲔ{ ٌ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ َ ﻒ اﻻﺛْـﻨَـ ْ ِ َ َ ُ
ﺐ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِﻪِ ـﺤ ِﻞ ﻧَ ْ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﺼ َ ُْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ َ َك
ﺻ ْﻮِل ﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻻ ﻣـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَـﻬﺎ ِﻣﻦ ِْ ِ ِ واﻟْـﺠـﻤﻠَﺔُ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌﻠِﻴﱠﺔُ ِﻣﻦ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌ ِﻞ واﻟْ َﻔ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب ﺻﻠَﺔُ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻮ ُ ََ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُْ
ِ
ﻚ Muliakanlah yang mereka para perempuan telah mengajarimu أَ ْﻛ ِﺮم اﻟﻼﱠﺗِـﻲ َﻋﻠﱠ ْﻤﻨَ َ
أَ ْﻛ ِﺮْم :ﻓِ ْﻌ ُﻞ أ َْﻣ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِِ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْﺻ ْﻮٌل َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ اﻟ ﱠﻼﺗـﻲ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْﻮ ُ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﻳـَ ُﻌ ْﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ}اﻟ ﱠﻼﺗِـﻲ{ ِ ث( ِ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ،وﻧـُﻮ ُن اﻟﻨِّﺴﻮةِ )ﻧـُﻮ ُن ِْ ِ ِ
َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ اﻹ َ َ ْ َ ْ َْ ْ َﻋﻠﱠ ْﻤ َﻦ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َك
ﺻ ْﻮِل ﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻻ ﻣـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَـﻬﺎ ِﻣﻦ ِْ ِ ِ واﻟْـﺠـﻤﻠَﺔُ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌﻠِﻴﱠﺔُ ِﻣﻦ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌ ِﻞ واﻟْ َﻔ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب ﺻﻠَﺔُ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻮ ُ ََ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُْ
- 53 -
ﺎل
ـﺤ ُ
{٤اَﻟْ َ
ﲔ ُوﻗـُ ْﻮِع اﻟْ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ ﺎﻋ ِﻞ أَ ِواﻟْﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ أَو َ ﺋِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎن ﻫﻴـﺌ ِﺔ اﻟْ َﻔ ِ ِ اَﻟْـﺤ ُ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﺣ ْ َ ْ َ ُْ ب ﻳُ ْﺬ َﻛُﺮ ﻟﺒَـﻴَ ِ َ ْ َ
ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎل ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣْﻨ ُ َ
4. Hal adalah : Isim Manshub yang disebutkan untuk menjelaskan keadaan Fail(Pelaku) atau
Objek(Penderita) atau Naibul Fail(Pengganti Pelaku) ketika terjadinya suatu perbuatan.
ﺎل ِﻣﻦ ْاﻷَﺳـﻤ ِﺎء اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
ﺎﻫ َﺮةِ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ُﺟـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟْ َ ِ
ـﺤ َ ْ َ َ
ب اﻟْ َﻮﻟَ ُﺪ اﻟْ َـﻤﺎءَ َواﻗِ ًﻔﺎ Seorang Anak laki-laki itu minum air dalam keadaan berdiri
ﻳَ ْﺸَﺮ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻳ ْﺸﺮ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ب :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
َ َُ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ
اﻟْ َﻮﻟَ ُﺪ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟْـﻤﺎء :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ ََ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ واﻗِ ًﻔﺎ :ﺣ ٌ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ﺎل ﻟﻠْ َﻔ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ َ
ﺣﺎرا Seorang Anak laki-laki itu minum air dalam keadaan panas
ب اﻟْ َﻮﻟَ ُﺪ اﻟْ َـﻤﺎءَ َ
ﻳَ ْﺸَﺮ ُ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎ ِﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻳ ْﺸﺮ ِ
َ َ ب :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ َ َُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ
اﻟْ َﻮﻟَ ُﺪ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
َ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟْـﻤﺎء :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُْ
ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْﺼ ْﻮ ٌ ﺎل ﻟ ْﻠ َﻤ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ َﺣﺎرا َ :ﺣ ٌ
ﺼ ُﺮ اﻟْ َﻮﻟَ ُﺪ َﻏﺎ ِرﻗًﺎ Seorang Anak laki-laki itu ditolong dalam keadaan tenggelam ﻳـُْﻨ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ ﻟِْﻠ َﻤ ْﺠ ُﻬ ْﻮِل َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ ﺼُﺮ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﻳـُْﻨ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٍﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اﻟْﻮﻟَ ُﺪ َ :ﺋِﺐ ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺐ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋِ ِﻞ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ﺎل ﻟِﻨَﺎﺋٌَِ ﺣ : ﺎ ِ
َﻏﺎ ً
ﻗ
ر
َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
ﺴﺎ Seorang siswa laki-laki itu membaca dalam keadaan duduk ِ ﱠِ
ﺐ َﺟﺎﻟ ً ﻳـَ ْﻘَﺮأُ اﻟﻄﺎﻟ ُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ ﻳـَ ْﻘَﺮأُ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺐ :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ﺎل ﻟِﻠْ َﻔ ِ َﺟﺎﻟِ ًﺴﺎ َ :ﺣ ٌ
َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
ﲔ Dua orang siswa laki-laki itu membaca dalam keadaan duduk ﻳـَ ْﻘﺮأُ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَﺎِ ِن َﺟﺎﻟِﺴ ْ ِ
َ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻳـَ ْﻘَﺮأُ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
ِ ِِ
اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَﺎ ِن :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِدﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ﲔ:ﺣٌ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ ﺎل ﻟﻠْ َﻔ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َﺟﺎﻟ َﺴ ْ ِ َ
ﺳﺎ Para siswa laki-laki itu membaca dalam keadaan duduk ب ُﺟﻠُ ْﻮ ً ﻳـَ ْﻘَﺮأُ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ ﻳـَ ْﻘَﺮأُ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ب :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ﺟﻠُﻮﺳﺎ :ﺣ ٌ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎل ﻟﻠْ َﻔ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ًُْ
ﺴﺔً Seorang siswi perempuan itu membaca dalam keadaan duduk ﱠِ ِ
ﺗَـ ْﻘَﺮأُ اﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒَﺔُ َﺟﺎﻟ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﺗَـ ْﻘَﺮأُ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَﺔُ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ﺟﺎﻟِﺴﺔً :ﺣ ٌ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎل ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ
ﲔ Dua orang siswi perempuan itu membaca dalam keadaan duduk ِ
ﺗَـ ْﻘﺮأُ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَـﺘَﺎن َﺟﺎﻟﺴﺘَـ ْ ِ
ِ
َ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِﱠ اﻟ ﺗَـ ْﻘﺮأُ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﻣﺮﻓُـﻮع وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ رﻓْﻌِ ِ
ﻪ
َ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َْ ْ ٌ َ َ َ َ َ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜـَﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ﱠ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋﻦ اﻟ ﱠ اﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒَـﺘَﺎن :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
- 54 -
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ﲔ:ﺣٌ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ ﺎل ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َﺟﺎﻟ َﺴﺘَـ ْ ِ َ
ﺎت Para siswi perempuan itu membaca dalam keadaan duduk ﺗَـ ْﻘﺮأُ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒﺎت ﺟﺎﻟِﺴ ٍ
َ ُ َ َ َ
ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮِﻩ ِ ِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻮ ـ ﻓ
ﺮ ﻣ ع ِ
ر ﺎ ﻀ ﻣ ﻞ ﻌ ِ
ﻓ : ُ
أﺮ
ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َُْْ ٌ ﺗَـ ْﻘَ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒﺎت :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُ
ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َﺟﺎﻟِ َﺴﺎت َ :ﺣ ٌ
ٍ
ﺼﺒﻪ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ َﺟ ْـﻤ ُﻊ ُﻣ َﺆﻧﱠﺚ َﺳﺎﻟ ٌـﻢ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌﺎل ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺐ َ ﺋِ ًﻤﺎ Saya melihat seorang siswa dalam keadaan tertidur ﱠِ
ﺖ اﻟﻄﺎﻟ َ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ﱠ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْﺼ ْﻮ ٌ ﺐ َ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ اﻟﻄﺎﻟ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎل ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ﺋ ًﻤﺎ َ :ﺣ ٌ َ ُ ْ
ﲔ َ ﺋِﻤ ْ ِ رأَﻳْ ُ ِ ِ
ﲔ Saya melihat dua orang siswa dalam keadaan tertidur ﺖ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَـ ْ َ َ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ
ْ َي :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﲔ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒـِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ ﺎل ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ﺋ َﻤ ْﲔ َ :ﺣ ٌ َ ُ ْ
ﲔ Saya melihat para siswa dalam keadaan tertidur رأَﻳﺖ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ِ ِ
ب َ ﺋﻤ َْ َ َْ ُ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ
ْ َي :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ ب َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ َ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﺎل ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ٌَ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُ َُْ ُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ﺋ َﻤ ْﲔ َ :ﺣ ٌ َ ُ ْ
ِ ِ
ﺖ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَﺔَ َ ﺋِ َﻤﺔً Saya melihat seorang siswi dalam keadaan tertidur َرأَﻳْ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ ﻋَﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒﺔَ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُْ
ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َ ﺋِ َﻤﺔً َ :ﺣ ٌ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎل ﻟ ْﻠ َﻤ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﲔ Saya melihat dua orang siswi dalam keadaan tertidur ﺖ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَـﺘَـْﻴـ ِﻦ َ ﺋِﻤﺘَـ ْ ِ َرأَﻳْ ُ
َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َي
َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒـﺘـﻴـ ِﻦ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ََْ َ ُ ْ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ ﺎل ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ﺋ َﻤﺘَـ ْﲔ َ :ﺣ ٌ َ ُ ْ
ت Saya melihat para siswi dalam keadaan tertidur ﺎت َ ﺋِﻤﺎ ٍ رأَﻳﺖ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒ ِ
ً َ َْ ُ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ
ْ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َي
َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﱠﺚ َﺳﺎﻟِ ٌـﻢﺎت :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣﺆﻧ ٍ
َ ُ َ ْ ُ َُ َْ َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ
اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒ ِ
َ
ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒﻪ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ َﺟ ْـﻤ ُﻊ ُﻣ َﺆﻧﱠﺚ َﺳﺎﻟ ٌـﻢ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َ ﺋِ ًﻤﺎت َ :ﺣ ٌ ٍ
ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎل ﻟ ْﻠ َﻤ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ـﺠ ْﻤﻠَ ِﺔ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ أَﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ﺟـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟْـﺤ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎل ﻣ ْﻦ ﺷ ْﺒﻪ اﻟْ ُ ْ َُ َ
ﲔ اﻟ ﱠﺴﺤ ِ ِ
ﺎب Saya melihat pesawat diantara awan ﺖ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﺋَﺮةَ ﺑـَ َْ َ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
- 55 -
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﺋِﺮَة :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ َ
ِِ ِ ِ ﱠ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ﲔ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﺼﺒﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧﺮﻩ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ف َﻣ َﻜﺎن( َﻣﻨْ ُ َ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮٌل ﻓْﻴﻪ )ﻇَْﺮ ُ ﺑـَ َْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ﺎب :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ اﻟ ﱠﺴ َﺤ ِ ُ َ
ﺎل ﻟِْﻠ َﻤ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮِل ﺑِِﻪﺐ َﺣ ٌ ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ِ ِ
ﲔ اﻟ ﱠﺴ َﺤﺎب{ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ٍ ِ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }ﺑـَ َْ
ـﺠ ُﺪ َد ِﻋْﻨ َﺪ اﻟْ ُﻤ ِﺪﻳْ ِﺮ Saya melihat para siswa yang baru bersama kepala sekolah ب اﻟْ ُ ﺖ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ َ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ
اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺻ َﻔﺔٌ ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮﺑﺔٌ وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِﻬﺎ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ اﻟْـﺠ ُﺪد ِ :
َ َ َ َ َُْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُْ ُ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
ِﻋْﻨ َﺪ َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﻓْﻴﻪ )ﻇَْﺮ ُ
ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﺼﺒﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ف َﻣ َﻜﺎن( َﻣْﻨ ُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎف إِﻟَﻴ ِﻪ ﻣـﺠﺮور وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎ ِﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ
َ َ َْ ﻀ ٌ ْ َ ْ ٌُْ َ َ َ َ ّ اﻟْ ُﻤﺪﻳْ ِﺮ ُ :ﻣ َ
ﺎل ﻟِْﻠ َﻤ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ
ﺐ َﺣ ٌ ﺼٍـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ِ ِ ٍ ِ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }ﻋْﻨ َﺪ اﻟْ ُﻤﺪﻳْ ِﺮ{ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ِ
ب ﻓِـﻲ اﻟْﻤﻠْ َﻌ ِ
ﺐ Saya melihat para siswa di lapangan ﺖ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ َ
َرأَﻳْ ُ
َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِنَي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُْ
ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣﻦ ِْ
َ
ِ ِ
ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ﻓِ ْـﻲ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ﺐ :اِﺳﻢ ﻣـﺠﺮور ِ ِ اﻟْﻤ ْﻠ َﻌ ِ
ب}ﻓـﻲ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ ٌُْ َ
ﺎل ﻟِْﻠ َﻤ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﺣ
َََّْ ٌَ ٍ
ﺐ ﺼ ﻧ ﻞِ ـﺤﻣ ـﻲ ِ
ﻓ { ﺐ ِ ﻌ ﻠﻤ
ََْْﻟ ا ـﻲِ
ﻓ } ٍ
ﺔ ﻠﻤ ـﺟ ﻪ
َ ُْ ُ َْ ﺒﺷِ و
ﺖ اﻟْ ِﻘ ْﺮَد اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻮَز ﻓِـﻲ اﻟْ َﻘ َﻔ ِ
ﺺ Saya memberi makan seekor kera yang di dalam sangkar dengan pisang أَﻃْ َﻌ ْﻤ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِنأَﻃْ َﻌ ْﻢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ اﻟْ ِﻘﺮد :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ أَﱠوٌل ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ َْ
ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻮَز َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َ ن َﻣْﻨ ُ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ ﻓِ ْـﻲ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ﺺ :اِﺳﻢ ﻣـﺠﺮور ِ ِ
ب}ﻓـﻲ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ ٌُْ اﻟْ َﻘ َﻔ ِ
ﺎل ﻟِْﻠ َﻤ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ
ﺐ َﺣ ٌ ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
و ِﺷﺒﻪ ﺟـﻤﻠَ ٍﺔ } ﻓِـﻲ اﻟْ َﻘ َﻔ ِ ِ
ﺺ{ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُْ ُ ْ
ﺎل ِﻣﻦ اﻟْـﺠﻤﻠَ ِﺔ ِْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِـﻤﻴﱠ ِﺔ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ ِ
ـﺤ ِ َ ُ ْ أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟْ َ
ﻃَﻠَﺒ ِ
ﺖ اﻟْﻌ ْﻠ َﻢ َوأَ َ ُﻣﺘَـَﺰِّو ٌ
ج Saya menuntut ilmu disaat saya sudah berkeluarga ُْ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺐ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻃَﻠَ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ
اﻟْﻌِْﻠﻢ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ ﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َ َ َ َ َ ُْ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
اب{اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف وا ٍو ﻟِْﻠ َﺤ ِﺎل َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
ـﺤﻞﱠ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َ َو
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِِ ِ ِ ِ : أَ َ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ج َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُﻣﺘَـَﺰِّو ٌ
ﺎل ﻟِْﻠ َﻔ ِ ﺼٍ ِِ ِ وﺟـﻤﻠَﺔٌ ِ ِ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﺐ َﺣ ٌ اﺳـﻤﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْ ُﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأ َو َﺧ َِﱪﻩ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ َ ُْ ْ
ﺎر Kami telah menghapal Al-Qur’an disaat kami masih kecil ِ ِ
ـﺤ ُﻦ ﺻﻐَ ٌ َﺣﻔﻈْﻨَﺎ اﻟْ ُﻘ ْﺮآ َن َوﻧَ ْ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِنَﺣ ِﻔ ْﻆ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ :
َََّ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ َ
ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْﺼ ْﻮ ٌ اﻟْ ُﻘ ْﺮآ َن َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ
- 56 -
ف وا ٍو ﻟِْﻠ َﺤ ِﺎل َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َ َو
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ـﺤ ُﻦﻧَ ْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ
َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِﺻﻐَ ٌﺎر
َ َ
ﺻﻐِْﻴـٌﺮ Saya telah menghapal Al-Qur’an disaat saya masih kecil ِ
ﺖ اﻟْ ُﻘ ْﺮآ َن َوأَ َ َ
َﺣﻔﻈْ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ ِﻔ ْﻆ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْ َﺤﺔُ ﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ اﻟْ ُﻘ ْﺮآ َن
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ف َوا ٍو ﻟ ْﻠ َﺤﺎل َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِِ ِ ِ ِ : أَ َ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﺻﻐِْﻴـٌﺮ
َ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ َ
ﺎل ﻟِﻠْ َﻔ ِ ﺼٍ ِِ ِ وﺟـﻤﻠَﺔٌ ِ ِ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﺐ َﺣ ٌ اﺳـﻤﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْ ُﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأ َو َﺧ َِﱪﻩ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ َ ُْ ْ
ـﺠ ْﻤﻠَ ِﺔ اﻟ ِْﻔ ْﻌﻠِﻴﱠ ِﺔ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ أَﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ﺟـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟْـﺤ ِ ِ
ﺎل ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْ ُ ْ َُ َ
ـﺤَﺰ ُن Anak laki-laki itu pulang dalam keadaan bersedih
َر َﺟ َﻊ اﻟْ َﻮﻟَ ُﺪ ﻳَ ْ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ َر َﺟ َﻊ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟْ َﻮﻟَ ُﺪ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩَِ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َع َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ
ِ
ـﺤَﺰ ُن :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﻳَ ْ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞﺎل ﻟِﻠْ َﻔ ِ ﺼٍ ِِِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
ﺐ َﺣ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
َو ﺟـُْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َو ﻓَﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤَﺰَ ِن Dua orang anak laki-laki itu pulang dalam keadaan bersedih ِ
َر َﺟ َﻊ اﻟْ َﻮﻟَ َﺪان ﻳَ ْ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َر َﺟ َﻊ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ ِ
:ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ اﻟْ َﻮﻟَ َﺪ ِان
ـﺨ ْﻤ َﺴ ِﺔ ِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﻣﺮﻓُـﻮع وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ رﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ ﺛـُﺒـﻮت اﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ِن ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ ـﺤَﺰَ ِن
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷَﻓْـ َﻌﺎل اﻟْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َْ ْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ُْ ُ ْ َ َ َ ﻳَ ْ
ِ ِِ ِ ِ ﲔ ِ وأَﻟِ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﻒ اﻻﺛْـﻨَـ ْ ِ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ
ﺎل ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺐ َﺣ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
َو ﺟـُْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َو ﻓَﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤَﺰﻧـُ ْﻮ َن Para Anak laki-laki itu pulang dalam keadaan bersedih
َر َﺟ َﻊ ْاﻷ َْوﻻَ ُد ﻳَ ْ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ َر َﺟ َﻊ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْاﻷ َْوﻻَ ُد :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ـﺨ ْﻤ َﺴ ِﺔ ِ ﻳـﺤﺰﻧـُﻮ َن :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﻣﺮﻓُـﻮع وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ رﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ ﺛـُﺒـﻮت اﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ِن ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷَﻓْـ َﻌﺎل اﻟْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َْ ْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ َْ ْ
ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﺎﻋﺔ َ ـﺠ َﻤ َ
َو َو ُاو اﻟْ َ
ﺎل ﻟِﻠْ َﻔ ِ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﺼٍ ِِِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
ﺐ َﺣ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
َو ﺟـُْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َو ﻓَﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ِ
ـﺤَﺰ ُن Seorang anak perempuan itu pulang dalam keadaan bersedih ﺖ ﺗَ ْ َر َﺟ َﻌﺖ اﻟْﺒِْﻨ ُ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ َر َﺟ َﻌﺖ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ِ ِ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اﻟْﺒِْﻨﺖ :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ﻫ َﻲ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ـﺤَﺰ ُن :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﺗَ ْ
ﺎل ﻟِﻠْ َﻔ ِ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﺼٍ ِِِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
ﺐ َﺣ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْـﺠ ْﻤﻠَﺔُ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔُ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َو ﻓَﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َواﻟْ ُ
ـﺤَﺰَ ِن Dua orang anak perempuan itu pulang dalam keadaan bersedih ِ ِ
َر َﺟ َﻌﺖ اﻟْﺒِْﻨـﺘَﺎن ﺗَ ْ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ َر َﺟ َﻌﺖ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ِ ِ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜـَﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً ﻋَ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ ِ
اﻟْﺒِْﻨـﺘَﺎن :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َوﻋَ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
ِ
ـﺨ ْﻤ َﺴ ِﺔ ِ ﺗَـﺤﺰَ ِن :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﻣﺮﻓُـﻮع وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ رﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ ﺛـُﺒـﻮت اﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ِن ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷَﻓْـ َﻌﺎل اﻟْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َْ ْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ُْ ُ ْ َ َ َ َْ
ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﻒ اﻻﺛْـﻨَـ ْﲔ َ َوأَﻟ ُ
ﺎل ﻟِْﻠ َﻔ ِ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﺼٍ ِِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
ﺐ َﺣ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
َو ﺟـُْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َو ﻓَﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
- 57 -
ﺤَﺰ ﱠن Para anak perempuan itu pulang dalam keadaan bersedih ِ
ﺎت ﻳـَ ْ
َر َﺟ َﻌﺖ اﻟْﺒَـﻨَ ُ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ,واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ِ رﺟﻌ ِ
ﺖ َََ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
:ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎت
اﻟْﺒَـﻨَ ُ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ث( ِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ،وﻧـُﻮ ُن اﻟﻨِّﺴﻮةِ )ﻧـُﻮ ُن ِْ ِ ـﺤَﺰ ﱠن
َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ اﻹ َ َ ْ َ ْ َْ ْ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َْ ﱞ َ ﻳَ ْ
ِ ِ
ﺎل ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ
ﺐ َﺣ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ َْو ﺟـُْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َو ﻓَﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ﱠﻮﻻً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ ُﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأِ أَ ِو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋِ ِﻞ أَ ِو اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ٍ ٍِ ِ ِ ِ ٍِ ﺗَـﻤﻴِﻴـﺰ اﻟﻨِّﺴﺒ ِﺔ وﻳﺴ ﱠﻤﻰ أَﻳﻀﺎ ﺗَـﻤﻴِﻴـﺰ اﻟْ ِ
ـﺠ ْﻤﻠَﺔ ﻓَـ ُﻬ َﻮ َﻣﺎ َرﻓَ َﻊ إﺑْـ َﻬ َﺎم ﻧ ْﺴﺒَﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺟـُْﻤﻠَﺔ َﺳﺎﺑ َﻘﺔ َﻋﻠَْﻴﻪ َوﻳَ ُﻜ ْﻮ ُن ُﻣ َ
ْ ُْ َْ َُ َ ْ ً ْ َْ ُ
Tamyiz Nisbah dan dinamakan juga Tamyiz Kalimat yaitu Tamyiz yang menghilangkan kesamaran
penisbatan pada kalimat yang disebutkan sebelumnya. Bentuknya perpindahan dari Mubtada’ atau Fa’il
(Subjek) atau Maf’ul Bih (Objek).
- 58 -
ـﺠ ْﻤﻠَ ِﺔ( َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ ِ ِ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ ﺗَـ ْﻤﻴِْﻴ ِﺰ اﻟﻨّ ْﺴﺒَﺔ )ﺗَ ْـﻤﻴِْﻴ ِﺰ اﻟْ ُ
-اَﻟﺘﱠـﻤﻴِْﻴـٌﺰ اَﻟْﻤـﺤ ﱠﻮ ُل َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪإِ
ُ َُ ْ
ﻚ( Harta dia lebih banyak dari hartamu ِ
ﻚ َﻣﺎﻻً ) َﻣﺎﻟُﻪُ أَ ْﻛﺜَـُﺮ ﻣْﻨ َ ِ
ُﻫ َﻮ أَ ْﻛﺜَـُﺮ ﻣْﻨ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِ ِ ِ ﻫﻮ ِ :
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
َ َ أَ ْﻛﺜَـُﺮ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ ﻣ ْﻦ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ
ب} ِﻣ ْﻦ{
ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
اﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َك
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﻣﺎﻻً :ﺗَـﻤﻴِﻴـﺰ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌْ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ
ﻚ ِﺳﻨﺎ ) ِﺳﻨِّـﻲ أَ ْﻛﺒَ ُـﺮ ِﻣْﻨ َ
ﻚ( Usia saya lebih tua dari usiamu أَ َ أَ ْﻛﺒَـُﺮ ِﻣْﻨ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ أََ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ أَ ْﻛﺒَـُﺮ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ ﻣ ْﻦ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ
ب} ِﻣ ْﻦ{
ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
اﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َك
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِﺳﻨﺎ :ﺗَـﻤﻴِﻴـﺰ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌْ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
-اَﻟﺘﱠـﻤﻴِﻴـﺰ اَﻟْﻤـﺤ ﱠﻮ ُل ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔ ِ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ْ ٌْ ُ َ َ
ﺟ ِﻞ( Perkataan lelaki itu bagus َﺣ ُﺴ َﻦ اﻟﱠﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ َﻛﻼًَﻣﺎ ) َﺣ ُﺴ َﻦ َﻛﻼَ ُم اﻟﱠﺮ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ َﺣ ُﺴ َﻦ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟﱠﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ َﻛﻼَﻣﺎ :ﺗَـﻤﻴِﻴـﺰ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌْ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ً
ﱠﻬﺮ( Air Sungai meluap ِ ﺎض َﻣﺎءُ اﻟﻨـ ْ ﺎض اﻟﻨـ ْﱠﻬُﺮ َﻣﺎءً )ﻓَ َ ﻓَ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﺎض :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻓَ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟﻨـ ْﱠﻬُﺮ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ :ﺗَـﻤﻴِﻴـﺰ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌْ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َﻣﺎءً
ـﺤ ﱠﻮ ُل َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ِ
-اَﻟﺘﱠ ْـﻤﻴْﻴـٌﺰ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َ
ـﺤ ِﺪﻳْـ َﻘ ِﺔ( Saya menanam pohon di taman ﺖ َﺷ َﺠَﺮ اﻟْ َ ـﺤﺪﻳْـ َﻘﺔَ َﺷ َﺠًﺮا ) َﻏَﺮ ْﺳ ُ
َﻏﺮﺳﺖ اﻟْ ِ
َْ ُ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن س :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﻏَﺮ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ْاﻷَرض :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ ْ َ
ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ َﺷ َﺠًﺮا :ﺗَ ْـﻤﻴِْﻴـٌﺰ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺎن( Alloh telah memperbaiki penciptaan manusia اﻹﻧْﺴ ِ ِ َﺣﺴﻦ ﷲ ِْ
َﺣ َﺴ َﻦ ﷲُ َﺧ ْﻠ َﻖ ْ َ اﻹﻧْ َﺴﺎ َن َﺧ ْﻠ ًﻘﺎ )أ ْ أْ ََ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َﺣ َﺴ َﻦ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ أْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻆ اﻟْ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ـﺠﻼَﻟَﺔ ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ :ﻟَ ْﻔ ُ َ ﷲُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻹﻧْﺴﺎ َن :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ ْ َ
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺧ ْﻠ ًﻘﺎ :ﺗَـﻤﻴِﻴـﺰ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌْ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ
- 62 -
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اب{ ف اِ ْﺳﺘِﺜْـﻨَ ٍﺎء َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ إِﻻﱠ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ َﻋﻠَﻰ
ِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ َزﻳْ ٍﺪ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌب} َﻋﻠَﻰ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ اﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ْ :
ﻞ إِﻻﱠ ِ ﻟﻨﱠﺎﻓِ ِﻊ Saya tidak menyibukkan diri kecuali dengan yang bermanfaat ِ
ﻻَ أَ ْﺷﺘَﻐ ُ
اب{ ف ﻧـَ ْﻔ ٍﻲ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ﻻَ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ
ع َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ أَ ْﺷﺘَﻐ ُﻞ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗـَ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَ َ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
اب{ ف اِ ْﺳﺘِﺜْـﻨَ ٍﺎء َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ إِﻻﱠ
ـﺤﻞﱠ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ ب
ِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌب}اَﻟْﺒَﺎء{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ اﻟﻨﱠﺎﻓ ِﻊ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ْﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ ِِﱠﻻ ِ ٍ ِ اﻻﺳﻢ ﺑـﻌ َﺪ )ﻏَﻴـ ٍﺮ( و ) ِﺳﻮى( ﻣـﺠﺮورا داﺋِﻤﺎ ِ ﻋﺘِﺒﺎ ِرﻩِ ﻣ ِ ِ
ِ
ﻀﺎﻓًﺎ إﻟَْﻴﻪ ,أَﱠﻣﺎ ﻟَْﻔﻈَﺎ َﻏ ْﲑ َو ﺳ َﻮى ﻓَـﻴَﺄْ ُﺧ َﺬان ُﺣﻜ َ َ َ ْ ُْ ً َ ً ْ َ ُ َ ﻳَ ُﻜ ْﻮ ُن ْ ُ َ ْ ْ
ِ ) selalu berbentuk majrur dengan menjadikannya sebagaiﺳ َﻮى( َ ) danﻏْﻴـ ٍﺮ( Isim yang terletak setelah
ِ ) maka dia mengambil tempat(hukum i’irob) yangﺳ َﻮى( َ ) danﻏْﻴـ ٍﺮ( Mudhof ilaihi. Adapun lafaz
)إِﻻﱠ( dikecualikan setelah
أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ اَﻟْ ُﻤ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ ﺑَـ ْﻌ َﺪ )ﻏَْﻴـ ٍﺮ( و ) ِﺳ َﻮى( َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ
ب َﻏْﻴـَﺮ َزﻳْ ٍﺪ Para siswa hadir kecuali si Zaid
ﻀَﺮ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
َﺣ َ
ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ َﺣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌَﻏْﻴـَﺮ ُ :ﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ َزﻳْ ٍﺪ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َوﻋَ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ
ب ِﺳ َﻮى َزﻳْ ٍﺪ Para siswa hadir kecuali si Zaid ﻀَﺮ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ َُﺣ َ
ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ َﺣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﻘﺪ َﱠرةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ ْاﻷَﻟﻒ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺳ َﻮى ُ :ﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ َزﻳْ ٍﺪ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ
ب َﻏْﻴـَﺮ َزﻳْ ٍﺪ Para siswa telah dibantu kecuali si Zaid ِ
ُﺧﺪ َم اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ ﻟِْﻠ َﻤ ْﺠ ُﻬ ْﻮِل َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ
ُﺧ ِﺪ َم :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٍﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب َ :ﺋِﺐ ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ ُ
ِ ِ َﻏﻴـﺮ :ﻣﺴﺘـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ُ َْ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎف إِﻟَﻴ ِﻪ ﻣـﺠﺮور وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ َزﻳْ ٍﺪ
َ َ َْ ﻀ ٌ ْ َ ْ ٌُْ َ َ َ َ ّ ُ :ﻣ َ
ب ِﺳ َﻮى َزﻳْ ٍﺪ Para siswa telah dibantu kecuali si Zaid ِ
ُﺧﺪ َم اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ ﻟِْﻠ َﻤ ْﺠ ُﻬ ْﻮِل َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ
ُﺧ ِﺪ َم :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٍﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب َ :ﺋِﺐ ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ ُ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟْﻤ َﻘﺪﱠرةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ ْاﻷَﻟ ِ ِ ِ
ﻒ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ َ ُ َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺳ َﻮى ُ :ﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ َزﻳْ ٍﺪ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ
ب َﻏْﻴـَﺮ َزﻳْ ٍﺪ Saya melihat para siswa kecuali si Zaid ﺖ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ََرأَﻳْ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ تُ
- 63 -
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُْ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ِ ِ ِ ِ ﱠ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧﺮﻩ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ُ :ﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ َﻣﻨْ ُ َﻏْﻴـَﺮ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ َزﻳْ ٍﺪ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ
ب ِﺳ َﻮى َزﻳْ ٍﺪ Saya melihat para siswa kecuali si Zaid ﺖ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ََرأَﻳْ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ ﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ب َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ َ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﻒ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْﺤﺔُ اﻟْﻤ َﻘﺪﱠرةُ ﻋَﻠَﻰ ْاﻷَﻟِ ِ ب َوﻋَ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ِ
َ ُ َ ﺳ َﻮى ُ :ﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ َزﻳْ ٍﺪ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ
ب َﻏْﻴـَﺮ َزﻳْ ٍﺪ Saya marah kepada para siswa kecuali si Zaid ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻄﱠﻼﱠ ِ ِ
َﻏﻀْﺒ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺐ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ِ
َﻏﻀ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣﻦ ِْ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ َ ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﻋﻠَﻰ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِ
ب} َﻋﻠَﻰ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟﻄﱠﻼﱠب :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ِ ِ :ﻣﺴﺘـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ُ َْ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َﻏْﻴـَﺮ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ َزﻳْ ٍﺪ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ
ب ِﺳ َﻮى َزﻳْ ٍﺪ Saya marah kepada para siswa kecuali si Zaid ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻄﱠﻼﱠ ِ ِ
َﻏﻀْﺒ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺐ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ِ
َﻏﻀ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ تُ
ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣﻦ ِْ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ َ ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﻋﻠَﻰ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آ ِﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﱠِ ِِ ب :اِ ْﺳﻢ ﻣ ْ ِ اﻟﻄﱠﻼﱠ ِ
ـﺠُﺮْوٌر ب} َﻋﻠَﻰ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈ َ ٌَ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﻒ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْﺤﺔُ اﻟْﻤ َﻘﺪﱠرةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ ْاﻷَﻟِ ِ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ِ
َ ُ َ ﺳ َﻮى ُ :ﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ َزﻳْ ٍﺪ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ
ﺎﺷﺎ( ﻟَﻪ ﺣﻜْﻤ ِ
ﺎن : ِ
اَﻟْ ُﻤ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ ب ) َﺧﻼَ ( َو ) َﻋ َﺪا( َو ) َﺣ َ ُ ُ َ
ﺧﻼَ( Mustasna dengan
ﺎﺷﺎ( َ ) danﻋ َﺪا( َ ),
َ ) ada dua hukum i’irobﺣ َ
ﺧﻼَ( Apabila Mustasna dijarkan maka
ﺎﺷﺎ( َ ) danﻋ َﺪا( َ ),
َ ) dianggap Huruf Jar.ﺣ َ
ـﺠ ُﺮْوًرا َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ اَﻟْ ُﻤ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ ﺑَـ ْﻌ َﺪ ) َﺧﻼَ ( َو ) َﻋ َﺪا( َو ) َﺣﺎ َﺷﺎ( َﻣ ْ
ب َﺧﻼَ ﻃَﺎﻟِ ٍ
ﺐ Para siswa hadir kecuali satu orang siswa laki-laki ﻀَﺮ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
َﺣ َ
ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ َﺣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
ِ ِ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن }َﻻ َﻣ َ َﺧﻼَ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ﺐ :اِ ْﺳﻢ ﻣ ْ ِ ﻃَﺎﻟِ ٍ
ﺼٍ
ﺐ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر ب} َﺧﻼَ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ ٌَ
ﺐ Para siswa hadir kecuali satu orang siswa laki-laki ب َﻋ َﺪا ﻃَﺎﻟِ ٍ ﻀَﺮ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
َﺣ َ
ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ َﺣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ف َﺟّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن }َﻻ َﻣ َ َﻋ َﺪا َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ﺐ :اِ ْﺳﻢ ﻣ ْ ِ ﻃَﺎﻟِ ٍ
ﺼٍ
ﺐ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر ب} َﻋ َﺪا{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ ٌَ
ﺐ Para siswa hadir kecuali satu orang siswa laki-laki ﺎﺷﺎ ﻃَﺎﻟِ ٍ ب َﺣ َ ﻀَﺮ اﻟﻄﱠﻼﱠ ُ
َﺣ َ
ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ َﺣ َ
- 64 -
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ
ـﺤﻞﱠ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ف َﺟّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ﺎﺷﺎ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﺣ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ﻃَﺎﻟِ ٍ
ﺼٍ
ﺐ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ ﺎﺷﺎ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ ب} َﺣ َ ﺐ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ﺧﻼَ( Apabila Mustasna dinashobkan maka
ﺎﺷﺎ( َ ) danﻋ َﺪا( َ ),
َ ) dianggap sebagai Fi’il Madhi dan kataﺣ َ
setelahnya adalah Mafu’ul Bih.
ﺼ ْﻮً َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ اَﻟْ ُﻤ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ ﺑَـ ْﻌ َﺪ) َﺧﻼَ ( َو ) َﻋ َﺪا( َو ) َﺣﺎ َﺷﺎ( َﻣـ ْﻨ ُ
)Apabila Mustasna dalam keadaan manshub maka Mustasnanya dianggap sebagai Maf’ul Bih (Objek
ﺧﻼَ( dan
ﺎﺷﺎ( َ ) danﻋ َﺪا( َ ),
َ ) dianggap sebagai Fi’il Madhi.ﺣ َ
ﺧﻼَ ﻃَﺎﻟِﺒًﺎ Para siswa hadir kecuali satu orang siswa laki-laki ﻀَﺮ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
ب َ َﺣ َ
ﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ َﺣ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ ِ ِ
َﺧﻼَ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺐ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ﻃَﺎﻟِ ٍ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ
ب َﻋ َﺪا ﻃَﺎﻟِﺒًﺎPara siswa hadir kecuali satu orang siswa laki-laki
ﻀَﺮ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
َﺣ َ
:ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻀَﺮ
َﺣ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
:ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
ب
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺘِ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ ٌْ َ َﻋ َﺪا
ِ ﱠ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﺎﻫَﺮةُ ِ ِ ﻃَﺎﻟِ ٍ
ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْﺼ ْﻮ ٌَ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣﻨْ ُ ﺐ
ﺎﺷﺎ ﻃَﺎﻟِﺒًﺎ Para siswa hadir kecuali satu orang siswa laki-laki ﻀَﺮ اﻟﻄﱠﻼﱠ ُ
ب َﺣ َ َﺣ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎﺷﺎ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢَ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ َﺣ َ
ﺐ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
ﺎﻫَﺮةُ ﻃَﺎﻟِ ٍ
َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ
- 67 -
ﺎدى
{٨اَﻟ ُْﻤﻨَ َ
َ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ُ
ﺳ ْﻮ َن Wahai Para guru laki-laki
اب{ ف ﻧِ َﺪ ٍاء َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﺐ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ﺼ ٍ ُ َُْ ُ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن ُ :ﻣﻨَ َﺎدى ﻧَﻜَﺮةٌ َﻣ ْﻘ ُ
ﺼ ْﻮَدةٌ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻮا ِو ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
َ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َ
ﺳﺔُ Wahai guru perempuan
اب{ ف ﻧِ َﺪ ٍاء َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َ
ِ ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ
ﺐ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣ ْﻔَﺮٌد ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َِ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔُ ُ :ﻣﻨَ َﺎدى ﻧَﻜَﺮةٌ َﻣ ْﻘ ُ
ﺼ ْﻮَدةٌ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ّ
ﺎن Wahai dua orang guru perempuan ﻣ َﺪ ِرﺳﺘَ ِ
َ ُ َّ
ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
ف ﻧ َﺪاء َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﺐ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨﱠـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ﺼٍ ُُ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺼ ْﻮَدةٌ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ ْاﻷَﻟﻒ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺘَﺎن ُ :ﻣﻨَ َﺎدى ﻧَﻜَﺮةٌ َﻣ ْﻘ ُ
َ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ
ﺎت Wahai para guru perempuan
اب{اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف ﻧِ َﺪ ٍاء َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َ
ِ ﺐ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣﺆﻧ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﱠﺚ َﺳﺎﻟ ٌـﻢ ﺼ ٍ ُ َ ْ ُ َُ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ِ
ﺼ ْﻮَدةٌ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ّ ُﻣ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ
ﺎت ُ :ﻣﻨَ َﺎدى ﻧَﻜَﺮةٌ َﻣ ْﻘ ُ
اﺣ ٍﺪ أ َْو ﻳـُ ْﺆﺗَﻰ ِ ْﺳ ِﻢ إِ َﺷﺎرةٍ
ﺎن ﻣﻊ اﻟﺘﱠـﺜْﻨِﻴﱠ ِﺔ واﻟْـﺠﻤ ِﻊ ﺑِﻠَ ْﻔ ٍﻆ و ِ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ
ي َﻣﺎ ﻓْﻴﻪ )اَ ْل( ﻳُﺆﺗَﻰ ﻗَـْﺒـﻠَﻪُ ﺑ َﻜﻠ َﻤﺔ )أَﻳـﱡ َﻬﺎ( ﻟ ْﻠ ُﻤ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ َو)أَﻳـﱠﺘُـ ًﻬﺎ( ﻟ ْﻠ ُﻤ َﺆﻧﱠﺚَ .وﺗَـْﺒـ َﻘﻴَ َ َ
ِ ِ
َ َ َ َْ إذَا ﻧـُ ْﻮد َ
) didatangkan sebelum yang dipanggil tersebutاَ ْل( Apabila dipanggil sesuatu yang terdapat alif lam
untuk muannast. Dan tetap kedua kata ini untuk panggilanأَﻳـﱠﺘُـ َﻬﺎ untuk muzakkar danأَﻳـﱡ َﻬﺎ dengan kata
dua orang ataupun banyak dengan satu lafaz saja ataupun didatangkan dengan isim isyaroh.
ﺼ ْﻮً . ِ َﺧﻮاﺗِـﻬﺎ و َﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن أَو إِ ْﺣ َﺪى أ َ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗـ َﻬﺎ ﻳَ ُﻜ ْﻮ ُن َداﺋ ًﻤﺎ َﻣْﻨ ُ ْ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ُﻫ َﻮ ُﻛﻞﱡ َﺧ َﱪ اﻟْ ُـﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪإ ﺗَ ْﺪ ُﺧ ُﻞ َﻋﻠَْﻴﻪ َﻛﺎ َن أ َْو إ ْﺣ َﺪى أ َ َ َ َ َ ُ
َ ataupun salah satu saudarinya,ﻛﺎ َن 11. Khobar Kaana adalah : Semua Khobar Mubtada’ yang dimasuki
َ ataupun salah satu saudarinya selalu manshub.ﻛﺎ َن dan khobar
أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ َﺧ َِﱪ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ
ﺎﺿًﺮا Ketika itu Seorang siswa laki-laki hadir َﻛﺎ َن اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺐ ﺣ ِ
ُ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ ِ َﻛﺎ َن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ ْاﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺐ :اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﱠِ
اَﻟﻄﺎﻟ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﺿﺮا :ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ََُ َﺣ ً
ﺎن ﺣ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎﺿَﺮﻳْ ِﻦ Ketika itu Dua orang siswa laki-laki hadir َﻛﺎ َن اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ َﻛﺎ َن :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗـُ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ ْاﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌْ َ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ﻒ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠِ ِ ِ ِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒ ِ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ﺎن :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ َ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﺎﺿﺮﻳ ِﻦ :ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜـَﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ََُ
ِ
َﺣ َ ْ
َﻛﺎ َن اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب ﺣ ِ
ﺎﺿ ِﺮﻳْ َﻦ Ketika itu Beberapa orang siswa laki-laki hadir ُ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ ََﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ ْاﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌْ َ َﻛﺎ َن
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ باﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
:ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ٌَ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُ َُْ ُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ََُ
ﺣ ِ
ﺎﺿ ِﺮﻳْ َﻦ َ
ﺎﺿَﺮةً Ketika itu Seorang siswi perempuan hadir ﺖ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒﺔُ ﺣ ِ َﻛﺎﻧَ ِ
َ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ ﺖ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ َﻛﺎﻧَ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌَْ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَﺔُ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺎﺿﺮةً :ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َﺣ َ َ َ ُ
ﺎﺿَﺮةً Ketika itu Dua orang siswi perempuan hadir ﺖ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒﺔُ ﺣ ِ َﻛﺎﻧَ ِ
َ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ ﺖ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ َﻛﺎﻧَ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ ْاﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌَْ
- 72 -
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌواﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒـﺘ ِ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُُ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ﺎن :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ََ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ ﺎﺿﺮﺗَـﲔ :ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ﻋﻮض ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ
ْ َُ َ ْ َْ ٌ َ ُُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َﺣ َ َْ َ َ ُ
ﺎﺿﺮ ٍ ِ ِ ِ
ات Ketika itu Beberapa orang siswi perempuan hadir ﺎت َﺣ َ َﻛﺎﻧَﺖ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَ ُ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ ﺖ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ َﻛﺎﻧَ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ ْاﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌَْ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﺎت :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَ ُ
ﱠﺚ َﺳﺎﻟِ ٌـﻢ ات :ﺧﺒـﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣﺆﻧ ٍ
َ ُ َ ْ ُ َُ َْ َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ََُ
ﺎﺿﺮ ٍ ِ
َﺣ َ
َﺧﺒَـُﺮ إِ ﱠن ﺛَﻼَﺛَﺔُ أَﻧْـ َﻮ ٍاع ُ :ﻣ ْﻔَﺮٌد) َﻣﺎ َﻛﺎ َن َﻏْﻴـَﺮ ُﺟ ْـﻤﻠَ ٍﺔ( َو ِﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟ ْـﻤﻠَ ٍﺔ َو ُﺟ ْـﻤﻠَﺔٌ
Khobar Kaana terbagi tiga jenis yaitu Khobar Mufrod(bentuknya bukan kalimat) dan khobar Syibhul
Jumlah dan Khobar Kalimat.
أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ َﺧﺒَـ ِﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﺷ ْﺒ ِﻪ اﻟْـ ُﺠـ ْﻤﻠَ ِﺔ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ
َﻛﺎ َن اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﻮ َن ﻓِـﻲ اﻟْﻤْﺘﺤ ِ
ﻒ Ketika itu Para guru laki-laki telah berada di Musium ُ َ ُ ّ ُْ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ َﻛﺎ َن :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌْ َ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ٌَ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ َُْ ُ ِ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ُﺳ ْﻮ َن :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋﻦ اﻟ ﱠ
اب{ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ ﻓِ ْـﻲ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ﻒ :اِﺳﻢ ﻣـﺠﺮور ِ ِ اﻟْﻤْﺘﺤ ِ
ب}ﻓـﻲ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ ٌُْ ُ َ
ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
ﺐ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }ﻓـﻲ اﻟْ ُﻤْﺘ َﺤﻒ{ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ﺎت ﻓِـﻲ اﻟْﻤْﺘﺤ ِ
ﻒ Ketika itu Para guru perempuan telah berada di Musium ِ
َﻛﺎﻧَﺖ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ
ُ َ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ ﺖ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ َﻛﺎﻧَ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌْ َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌواﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
َ َُ َ ْ
ْ ْ ّ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ُ
ﺎت :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ ﻓِ ْـﻲ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ﻒ :اِﺳﻢ ﻣـﺠﺮور ِ ِ اﻟْﻤْﺘﺤ ِ
ب}ﻓـﻲ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ ٌُْ ُ َ
ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
ﺐ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }ﻓـﻲ اﻟْ ُﻤْﺘ َﺤﻒ{ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ب ِﻋْﻨ َﺪ اﻟْ ُﻤ ِﺪﻳْ ِﺮ Ketika itu Para Siswa Bersama Pimpinan
َﻛﺎ َن اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ َﻛﺎ َن :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗـُ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْﺼ ُ ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌْ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ب :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
ِ ِ ﺎن( ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﻓِﻴ ِﻪ )ﻇَﺮ ُ ٍ ِﻋْﻨ َﺪ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ف َﻣ َﻜ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ ْ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ اﻟْﻤ ِﺪﻳ ِﺮ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ ُ ْ
ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
ﺐ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
َو ﺷْﺒﻪُ ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔ }ﻓـﻲ اﻟْ ُﻤْﺘ َﺤﻒ{ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ َﺧﺒَـ ِﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟْـ ُﺠـ ْﻤﻠَ ِﺔ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ
ﺾ Ketika itu Zaid pakaiannya berwarna putih َﻛﺎ َن َزﻳْ ٌﺪ ﺛـَ ْﻮﺑُﻪُ أَﺑْـﻴَ ُ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ َﻛﺎ َن :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ ََﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌْ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َ َ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َِزﻳْ ٌﺪ :اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ِ ِ
ِ ِ ب ُ :ﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﺛـَ ْﻮ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ه ِ :
ﻀ ٌـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
َ ﺾ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ أَﺑْـﻴَ ُ
ﺼٍ ِ ِِ وﺟـﻤﻠَﺔٌ ِ ِ
ﺐ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ َﻛﺎ َن اﺳـﻤﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْ ُﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأ َو َﺧ َِﱪﻩ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ َُْ ْ
- 73 -
ﺾ Ketika itu Fatimah pakaiannya berwarna putih ِ
َﻛﺎ َن ﻓَﺎﻃ َﻤﺔُ ﺛـَ ْﻮﺑـُ َﻬﺎ أَﺑْـﻴَ ُ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺼﺐ اﻟْـﺨﺒـﺮ( واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ
ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ِ ِ ِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗـُ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْ ُ َ َ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌْ َ ﺖَﻛﺎﻧَ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َ َ :اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻃ َﻤﺔُ
ِ ِ ُ :ﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ب
ﺛـَ ْﻮ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َﻫﺎ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺾأَﺑْـﻴَ ُ
ﺼٍ ِ ِِ وﺟـﻤﻠَﺔٌ ِ ِ
ﺐ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ َﻛﺎ َن اﺳـﻤﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْ ُﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأ َو َﺧ َِﱪﻩ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ َُْ ْ
ﺐ َﻣ َﻌﻨَﺎ Ketika itu si Zaid dia sedang bermain bersama kami
َﻛﺎ َن َزﻳْ ٌﺪ ﻳـَْﻠ َﻌ ُ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ِ ِ ِ َﻛﺎ َن :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗـُ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْﺼ ُ
ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌْ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َ َ َزﻳْ ٌﺪ :اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ﻳـَ ُﻌ ْﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ) َزﻳْ ٌﺪ( ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ ع َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠﻀﺎ ِر ٌ
ِ
ﺐ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﻳـَْﻠ َﻌ ُ
ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
ﺐ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
َو ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ِ ِ ﺎن(ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ﻣﻊ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﻓِﻴ ِﻪ)ﻇَﺮ ُ ٍ
ﺎف ﻀ ٌ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ف َﻣ َﻜ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ ْ ْ ََ
ﺎف إِﻟَﻴﻪِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ٌ ْ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ : َ
ﺐ َﻣ َﻌﻨَﺎ Ketika itu Fatimah dia sedang bermain bersama kami ِ
ﺖ ﻓَﺎﻃ َﻤﺔُ ﺗَـ ْﻠ َﻌ ُ
َﻛﺎﻧَ ْ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﺚ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ﺼﺐ اﻟْـﺨﺒـﺮ( واﻟﺘﱠﺎء ﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ اﻟﺘﱠﺄْﻧِﻴ ِ ِ ِ ِ َﻛﺎﻧَﺖ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗـُ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َوﺗَـﻨْ ُ َ َ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ﺺ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) َﻛﺎ َن َوأ َ ﺎض َ ﻗ ٌ ٌَْ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎﻃ َﻤﺔُ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺎ َن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻓَ ِ
َ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ و اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋِﻞ ﺿ ِﻤﻴـﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﺘِـﺮ ﺟﻮازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳـﺮﻩ ِﻫﻲ ﻳـﻌﻮد ﻋﻠَﻰ)ﻓَ ِ ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﺎﻃ َﻤﺔُ( ُ َ ْ ٌ ُ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ً ْ ُُ َ َ ُ ْ ُ َ َ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌﺐ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﺗَـ ْﻠ َﻌ ُ
ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
ﺐ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ َﻛﺎ َن ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ َْو ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ِ ِ ﺎن(ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ﻣﻊ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﻓِﻴ ِﻪ)ﻇَﺮ ُ ٍ
ﺎف ﻀ ٌ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ف َﻣ َﻜ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ ْ ْ ََ
ﺎف إِﻟَﻴﻪِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ٌ ْ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ : َ
{١٢اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ إِ ﱠن
ﺼ ْﻮً . ِ اﺳﻢ إِ ﱠن أَو إِ ْﺣ َﺪى أ َ ِ اِﺳﻢ إ ﱠن ﻫﻮ ُﻛﻞﱡ ﻣﺒـﺘ َﺪإٍ ﺗَ ْﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻠَﻴ ِﻪ إِ ﱠن أَو إِﺣ َﺪى أ ِ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗـ َﻬﺎ ﻳَ ُﻜ ْﻮ ُن َداﺋ ًﻤﺎ َﻣْﻨ ُ َﺧ َﻮاﺗ َـﻬﺎَ .و ْ ُ ْ
َ ْ ْ ُُ َْ ْ ُ ُ َ ُْ َ
ِ
إِ ﱠن ataupun salah satu saudarinya, dan isimإ ﱠن 12. Isim Inna adalah : Semua Mubtada’ yang dimasuki
ataupun salah satu saudarinya selalu manshub.
اﺳ ِﻢ إِ ﱠن َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ ْ
إِ ﱠن اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺐ ﺣ ِ
ﺎﺿٌﺮ Sesungguhnya seorang siswa laki-laki hadir َ َ
ﺼ ِ ِ ف ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٍﺪ وﻧَﺼ ٍ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)إِ ﱠن َوأ َ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـْﻨ ُ إِ ﱠن َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اَﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺐ :اِﺳﻢ إِ ﱠن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﺿٌﺮ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ إِ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺣ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ
ِ ﱠِ ِ ِ
ﺎﺿﺮ ِ
ان Sesungguhnya dua orang siswa laki-laki hadirإ ﱠن اﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒَـ ْﲔ َﺣ َ
ﺼ ِ ِ ف ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٍﺪ وﻧَﺼ ٍ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)إِ ﱠن َوأ َ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗـُ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـﻨْ ُ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ إِ ﱠن
ﲔ :اِﺳﻢ إِ ﱠن ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد ِ
ْ َ ُُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَـ ْ ِ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ ُُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ ﺣ ِ
ﺎﺿَﺮ ِان َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ إِ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ َ
إِ ﱠن اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب ﺣ ِ
ﺎﺿ ُﺮْو َن Sesungguhnya para siswa laki-laki hadir َ َ
ﺼ ِ ِ ف ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٍﺪ وﻧَﺼ ٍ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)إِ ﱠن َوأ َ
َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـْﻨ ُ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ إِ ﱠن
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :اِﺳﻢ إِ ﱠن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ ِ ﺣ ِ
ﺎﺿُﺮْو َن َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ إِ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ
ْ َُ ْ َ ٌَ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ َُْ ُ َ
- 74 -
ﲔ أَذْﻛِﻴَﺎءُ Sesungguhnya para guru laki-laki ini orang-orang yang cerdas ِ
إِ ﱠن اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّرﺳ َْ
ﺼ ِ ِ ف ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٍﺪ وﻧَﺼ ٍ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗـُ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـْﻨ ُ ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)إِ ﱠن َوأ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ إِ ﱠن
اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرِﺳﲔ :اِﺳﻢ إِ ﱠن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد ْ َ ٌَ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُ َُْ ُ ُ ّ َْ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ
ِ ﱠِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈ َ أَذْﻛﻴَﺎءُ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ إِ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎﺿَﺮةٌ Sesungguhnya seorang siswi perempuan hadir إِ ﱠن اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒﺔَ ﺣ ِ
َ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ﺼٍ ٍ ِ إِ ﱠن َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)إ ﱠن َوأ َ ف ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴﺪ َوﻧَ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اَﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒﺔَ :اِﺳﻢ إِ ﱠن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ﺎﺿَﺮةٌ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ إِ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َوﻋَ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﺣ ِ
َ َ َ
ﺎﺿَﺮَ ِن Sesungguhnya dua orang siswi perempuan hadir ﲔﺣ ِ ِ ِ
إ ﱠن اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَـﺘَـ ْ ِ َ
ﺼ ِ ِ ف ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٍﺪ وﻧَﺼ ٍ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗُـ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـْﻨ ُ ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)إِ ﱠن َوأ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ إِ ﱠن
ﲔ :اِﺳﻢ إِ ﱠن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد ِ
ْ َ ُُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَـﺘَـ ْ ِ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ ُُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ﻒ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ ْاﻷَﻟ ُ ﺎﺿَﺮَ ِن َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ إِ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﺣ ِ
َ
ِ ِ ِ
ات Sesungguhnya para siswi perempuan hadir إِ ﱠن اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَﺎت َﺣﺎﺿَﺮ ٌ
ﺼ ِ ِ ف ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٍﺪ وﻧَﺼ ٍ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮاﺗـُ َﻬﺎ ﺗَـﻨْ ُ ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)إِ ﱠن َوأ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ إِ ﱠن
ﱠﺚ َﺳﺎﻟِ ٌـﻢ ﺎت :اِﺳﻢ إِ ﱠن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣﺆﻧ ٍ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒ ِ
َ ُ َ ْ ُ َُ َْ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ
َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ات َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ إِ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ َﺣﺎﺿَﺮ ٌ
ات إِ ﱠن َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ َﺧﻮ ِ
اﺳ ِﻢ أ َ َ أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ ْ
ِ
ﺟ ِﺪﻳْ ٌﺪ Saya menduga bahwa engkau siswa yang baru ﺐ َ
ِ
ﱠﻚ ﻃَﺎﻟ ٌ أَﻇُ ﱡﻦ أَﻧ َ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَ َ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ع َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ
ِ
أَﻇُ ﱡﻦ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ :ﺣﺮ ُ ِ ٍ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨ ُ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ف ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴﺪ َوﻧَ ْ َْ أَ ﱠن
ﺐ اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ أَ ﱠن ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ِ :
َ َك
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺐ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ أَ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻃَﺎﻟ ٌ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﺟ ِﺪﻳ ٌﺪ :ﻧـَﻌ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺖ ﻟـ َﺨﺒَـ ِﺮ أَ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ٌْ َ ْ
ﺳ ْﻮ ُل ﷲِ Saya bersaksi bahwa nabi Muhammad Adalah utusan Alloh أَ ْﺷ َﻬ ُﺪ أَ ﱠن ُﻣ َ
ـﺤ ﱠﻤ ًﺪا َر ُ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَ َ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ِ ع َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ
ِ
أَ ْﺷ َﻬ ُﺪ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ أَ ﱠن :ﺣﺮ ُ ِ ٍ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨ ُ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ف ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴﺪ َوﻧَ ْ َْ
ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ ـﺤ ﱠﻤ ًﺪا :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ أَ ﱠن َﻣْﻨ ُ ُﻣ َ
ِ ِ َر ُﺳ ْﻮ ُل َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ أَ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ﻆ اﻟْـﺠﻼَﻟَِﺔ ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ ﷲ :ﻟَ ْﻔ ُ َ ُ َ
ﺐ ذَﻛِﻴﺎ Saya sudah tahu bahwa si Zaid itu siswa yang cerdas ِ ِ
ﺖ أَ ﱠن َزﻳْ ًﺪا ﻃَﺎﻟ ٌ َﻋﻠ ْﻤ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َﻋﻠِ ْﻢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ٍ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ ﺼﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)ﻣ ْﻦ أ َ ف ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴﺪ َوﻧَ ْ أَ ﱠن َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ زﻳ ًﺪا :اِﺳﻢ أَ ﱠن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
َ َ ﺐ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ أَ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻃَﺎﻟ ٌ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺖ ﻟِـ َﺨﺒَـ ِﺮ أَ ﱠن َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ذَﻛﻴﺎ :ﻧـَ ْﻌ ٌ
ﻚ Sepertinya saya mengenal anda َﻛﺄَﻧﱠﻨِـﻲ أ َْﻋ ِﺮﻓُ َ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ َﻛﺄَ ﱠن :ﺣﺮ ُ ٍ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨ ُ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ف ﺗَ ْﺸﺒِْﻴﻪ َوﻧَ ْ َْ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨـِ ﱞﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴﺮِ ِ ِ
:ﻧـُ ْﻮ ُن اﻟْﻮﻗَﺎﻳَﺔ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ ِن
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ﺐ اِ ْﺳ ُﻢ َﻛﺄَ ﱠن ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ِِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ي ِ :
َ ْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗـَ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَ َﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧﺮﻩ َ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ
ع َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ف :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
أ َْﻋﺮ ُ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ َك ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ َﻛﺄَ ﱠن
ﻚ{ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َو ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ }أ َْﻋ ِﺮﻓُ َ
ﺿﻴِّ ٌﻖ Para siswanya banyak tetapi kelasnya sempit ِ اَﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ِ
ﺼ َﻞ َ
ب َﻛﺜْﻴ ُـﺮْو َن ﻟَﻜ ﱠﻦ اﻟْ َﻔ ْ
ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ُ :ﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اَﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ُ
ب
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﻀ ﱠﻤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﲨﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ َْ ُ ُ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ
َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ َﻛﺜِْﻴ ُـﺮْو َن
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ ف ِ ٍ ﻟَ ِﻜ ﱠﻦ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨ ُ
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ اﺳﺘ ْﺪ َراك َوﻧَ َْ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ :اِﺳﻢ ﻟَ ِﻜ ﱠﻦ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ُْ ﺼ َﻞاﻟْ َﻔ ْ
ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ
َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ ﻟَﻜ ﱠﻦ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﺿﻴِّ ٌﻖ
َ َ
ﻞ Mudah-mudahan (Saya Berharap) ujiannya mudah ِِ
ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ اﻻ ْﻣﺘ َﺤﺎ َن َﺳ ْﻬ ٌ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ(
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ ََﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨ ُْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ف ﺗَـَﺮٍّج َوﻧَ ْ ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِِ اﻻﻣﺘِﺤﺎ َن :اِﺳﻢ ﻟَﻌ ﱠﻞ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ْ ُ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َﺳ ْﻬ ٌﻞ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ ﻟَ َﻌﻞﱠ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺐ Saya Khawatir ujiannya sulit ِِ
ﺻ ْﻌ ٌ
ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ اﻻ ْﻣﺘ َﺤﺎ َن َ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ ٍ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗـَﻨْ ُ
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ف إِ ْﺷ َﻔﺎق َوﻧَ ْ ﻟَ َﻌﻞﱠ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻻﻣﺘِﺤﺎ َن :اِﺳﻢ ﻟَﻌ ﱠﻞ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
ْ ُ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺐ َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ ﻟَ َﻌ ﱠﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌﺻ ْﻌ ٌ
َ
ﺎل Seandainya saja kami masih anak-anak
ﻟَْﻴـﺘَـﻨَﺎ أَﻃْ َﻔ ٌ
ﺼ ِ ﺐ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ) ِﻣﻦ أ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨ ُ
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ ْ َ ﺼ ٍ َْ ﱞ َ ف ﺗَ َـﻤ ٍّﻦ َوﻧَ ْ ﺖ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ﻟَْﻴ َ
ﺖ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ ﻧﺼ ٍ ِ ِ ِ :
ﺐ ا ْﺳ ُﻢ ﻟَْﻴ َ َََّْ ﱡ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
َ َ ﺖ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌﺎل َ :ﺧﺒَـُﺮ ﻟَْﻴ َ
أَﻃْ َﻔ ٌ
ﻟَﻴﺖ ْاﻷُﺳﺘﺎذَ ﻳ ِ
ـﺠﻲءُ Seandainya saja guru datangْ َ َْ َ ْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺐ ﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ)ﻣﻦ أ َ ِ ِ
ـﺨﺒَـَﺮ( َﺧ َﻮات إ ﱠن ﺗَـْﻨﺼ ُ
ﺐ اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ َو ﺗَـ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟْ َ ْ ﺼٍ َ ف ﺗَ َـﻤ ٍّﻦ َوﻧَ ْ ﺖ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ﻟَْﻴ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ْاﻷُﺳﺘﺎ َذ :اِﺳﻢ ﻟَﻴﺖ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ُﺳﺘَﺎ َذ{
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ﻳـَﻌُ ْﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ} ْاﻷ ْ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ
ع َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﻳَـﺠ ْﻲءُ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
ﺖـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒَـُﺮ ﻟَْﻴ َ
َو ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
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ﺗَـﻮاﺑِﻊ اﻟْﻤ ْﻨﺼﻮ ِ
ت َ ُ َ ُْ َ
ﺖ/اَ ِّ
ﻟﺼ َﻔﺔُ ﱠﻌ ُ
{۱اَﻟﻨـ ْ
ب َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ
ﺼ ْﻮ ِ أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ﺟـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟﻨـ ْ ِ
ﱠﻌﺖ اﻟ َْﻤ ْﻨ ُ َُ
ـﺠ ِﺪﻳْ َﺪ Saya melihat seorang guru laki-laki yang baru
س اﻟْ َ ِ
ﺖ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر َ
َرأَﻳْ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َي
َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ س ِ
َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر َ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ـﺠ ِﺪﻳْ َﺪ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺖ ﻟ ْﻠ َﻤ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ
:ﻧـَ ْﻌ ٌ اﻟْ َ
ـﺠ ِﺪﻳْ َﺪﻳْ ِﻦ Saya melihat dua orang guru laki-laki yang baru ﺖ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِر َﺳ ْ ِ
ﲔ اﻟْ َ َرأَﻳْ ُ ُ ّ
:ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي
َرأ ْ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ﲔ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
ِ
ض َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨﻮﻳْ ِﻦ ﻓـﻲ ْ ُ َ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْﻴَﺎءُ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰَ ,واﻟﻨـ ْﱡﻮ ُن ﻋ َﻮ ٌ
َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ِ
اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ْ َ ُ ْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
اﻟْـﺠ ِﺪﻳ َﺪﻳ ِﻦ :ﻧـَﻌﺖ ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ ْ ٌ َ ُْ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ
ِ
ـﺠ ُﺪ َد Saya melihat para guru laki-laki yang baru ﺖ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّرﺳ َْ
ﲔ اﻟْ ُ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َي
َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرِﺳﲔ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
ض َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـﻨْﻮﻳْ ِﻦ ﻓـﻲ ْ ُ َ
ِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْﻴَﺎءُ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْ َﺤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ َﺟ ْـﻤ ُﻊ ُﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ َﺳﺎﻟ ٌـﻢَ ,واﻟﻨـ ْﱡﻮ ُن ﻋ َﻮ ٌ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ُ ّ َْ َ ُ ْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟْـﺠ ُﺪد :ﻧـَﻌﺖ ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ْ ٌ َ ُْ ُ َ
ـﺠ ِﺪﻳْ َﺪةَ Saya melihat seorang guru perempuan yang baru ﺖ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔَ اﻟْ ََرأَﻳْ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ت ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔَ َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟْـﺠ ِﺪﻳ َﺪ َة :ﻧـَﻌﺖ ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ْ ٌ َ ُْ َ ْ
ـﺠ ِﺪﻳْ َﺪﺗَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ اﻟْ َ ﺖ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِر َﺳﺘَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ Saya melihat dua orang guru perempuan yang baru َرأَﻳْ ُ ُ ّ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َي
َرأ ْ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﲔ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـﻨْ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ِ
اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺘَـ ْ َ ُ ْ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد ﲔ :ﻧـَﻌﺖ ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ اﻟْ َ ِ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ـﺠﺪﻳْ َﺪﺗَـ ْ ْ ٌ َ ُ ْ
ات Saya melihat para guru perempuan yang baru ﺎت اﻟْـﺠ ِﺪﻳ َﺪ ِ رأَﻳﺖ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ
َ ْ َْ ُ ُ َّ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ
ْ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ َي
َرأ ْ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ تُ
ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ َﺟ ْـﻤ ُﻊ ُﻣ َﺆﻧﱠﺚ َﺳﺎﻟ ٌـﻢ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺎتَ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺚ َﺳﺎﻟِ ٌـﻢات :ﻧـَﻌﺖ ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣﺆﻧﱠ ٍ
َ ُ َ ْ ُ َُ َْ َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ْ ٌ َ ُْ
اﻟْـﺠ ِﺪﻳ َﺪ ِ
َ ْ
ﻞ Saya melihat seorang siswa dia sedang masuk ke kelas ِ
ﺼَ ﺖ ﻃَﺎﻟـﺒًﺎ ﻳَ ْﺪ ُﺧ ُﻞ اﻟْ َﻔ ْ َرأَﻳْ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِـ ﱞﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َرأ ْ
- 77 -
ﻀ ِﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ ِ :
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨـ ﱞﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱠ ّ َ َ ّ َ َ ت
ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِِ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ﻃَﺎﻟِـﺒًﺎ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ ََ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَ ٌﱰ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ﻳـَﻌُ ْﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ}ﻃَﺎﻟﺒًﺎ{ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧﺮﻩَ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ
ع َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﻳَ ْﺪ ُﺧ ُﻞ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِِ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ ََ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ ﺼ َﻞ اﻟْ َﻔ ْ
ﺐ ﻧـَﻌﺖ ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِﻪِ ـﺤ ِﻞ ﻧَ ْ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼ ْ ٌ َ ُْ َو ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َواﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ
ﺴﻨَﺔَ أُﱡﻣﻪُ Saya menjumpai seorang pemuda yang baik ibunya
ـﺤ َ
ﺖ اﻟْ َﻔﺘَـﻰ اﻟْ َ
ﻗَﺎﺑـَْﻠ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ﻗَﺎﺑَ ْﻞ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ﱡ
ﱠﻌﺬر( ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﱠرةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ ْاﻷَﻟﻒ ) ﻟﻠﺘـ َ ﺼﺒﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﻘﺪ َ ب َو َﻋﻼَ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌاﻟْ َﻔﺘَـﻰ َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣﻨْ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟْـﺤﺴﻨَﺔَ :ﻧـَﻌﺖ ﺳﺒﺒِـﻲ ﻟِﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ْ ٌ ََ ﱞ َ ُْ ََ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟْ َﻮ ُاو ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ٍ ٍ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺨ ْﻤ َﺴﺔ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ
َﺳ َـﻤﺎء اﻟْ َ
اﺳ ٌﻢ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷ ْﻀ ﱠﻤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ْ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ﻟﺼ َﻔﺔ ُﻣ َﺸﺒﱠـ َﻬﺔ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ أُﱡم
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﻀ ِﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُه
ْﻒ
{۲اَﻟ َْﻌﻄ ُ
ب َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ
ﺼ ْﻮ ِ ِ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻌﻄُْﻮف اﻟ َْﻤ ْﻨ ُ
ﺐ Saya melihat seorang guru laki-laki dan seorang siswa laki-laki ﱠِ ِ
س َو اﻟﻄﺎﻟ َ
ﺖ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر َ
َرأَﻳْ ُ
:ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي
َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
َ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ س
اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر َ
اب{ ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ف ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ﱠِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ ﺐاﻟﻄﺎﻟ َ
ﺖ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرس و اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ Saya melihat seorang guru laki-laki dan dua orang siswa laki-laki َرأَﻳْ ُ ُ ّ َ َ
َي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
س َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ
اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر َ
اب{ ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ف ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻧْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ُُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ِ ِ
اَﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَـ ْﲔ َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ
س َو اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ َ
ب Saya melihat seorang guru laki-laki dan beberapa orang siswa laki-laki ِ
ﺖ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر َ
َرأَﻳْ ُ
:ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي
َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
َ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ س
اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر َ
اب{ ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ف ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ َ
ب
ﺳﺔَ َو اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَﺔَ Saya melihat seorang guru perempuan dan seorang siswi perempuan
ﺖ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َ
َرأَﻳْ ُ
َي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔَ َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
اب{ ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ف ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ ََ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَﺔَ َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ
- 78 -
ﺖ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِر َﺳﺔَ و اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒَـﺘَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ Saya melihat seorang guru perempuan dan dua orang siswi perempuan َرأَﻳْ ُ ُ ّ َ
َي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ تُ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ
َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔَ َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
اب{ ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ف ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻧْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ُُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ِ ِ
اَﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَـﺘَـ ْﲔ َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ
رأَﻳﺖ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳﺔَ و اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒ ِ
ﺎت Saya melihat seorang guru perempuan dan beberapa siswi perempuanَْ ُ ُ َّ َ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِنَي :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َرأ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟْﻤﺪ ِرﺳﺔَ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ّ َ َ ُْ
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
ِ ِ ِ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ف َﻋﻄْﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
ﱠﺚ َﺳﺎﻟِ ٌـﻢ
ف ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣﺄَﻧ ٍ
َ ُ َُْ ُ َْ َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ اَﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟﺒَﺎت َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ
ِ ِ
ﲔ ﻛِْﻠﺘَـْﻴ ِﻬ َﻤﺎ Saya melihat dua orang guru perempuan mereka berdua
ﺖ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِر َﺳﺘَـ ْ ِ
َرأَﻳْ ُ ُ ّ
:ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي
َرأ ْ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ﲔ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْﺤ ِﺔ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜـَﻨـﻰ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َ ُُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ِ
اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺘَـ ْ َ ُ ْ
ِِ ِ ي ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْﻴَﺎءُ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣﻠْ َﺤ ٌﻖ ِ ﻟْ ُﻤﺜَـﻨﱠـﻰ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ
َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ﻛ ْﻠﺘَ ْـﻲ :ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴ ٌﺪ َﻣ ْﻌﻨَ ِﻮ ﱞ َ ُ ْ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ : ِﻫ َـﻤﺎ
ﻀ ٌـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
- 80 -
ﺴ ُﻬ ﱠﻦ Saya melihat para guru perempuan mereka semuanya ِ ِ
ﺖ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ّر َﺳﺎت أَﻧْـ ُﻔ َ
َرأَﻳْ ُ
:ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َي
َرأ ْ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ َﺟ ْـﻤ ُﻊ ُﻣ َﺆﻧﱠﺚ َﺳﺎﻟ ٌـﻢ ِ ِ ِ
ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺎت َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُ
ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ِ ِ ي ﻟِْﻠﻤ ْﻔﻌﻮِل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ﺲ :ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴ ٌﺪ َﻣ ْﻌﻨَ ِﻮ ﱞ َ ُ ْ أَﻧْـ ُﻔ َ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُﻫ ﱠﻦ
{٤اَﻟْﺒَ َﺪ ُل
ب َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟْﺒَ َﺪ ِل اﻟ َْﻤ ْﻨ ُ
ﺼ ْﻮ ِ
- 81 -
-ﺑَ َﺪ ُل ِاﻻ ْﺷﺘِﻤـَ ِﺎل
ﺎﻋﺘَـﻪُ Saya suka dengan si Zaid, yaitu keberaniannya ـﺠ َ ﺐ َزﻳْ ًﺪا َﺷ َأ ُِﺣ ﱡ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَ َ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َ ,واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ِ
ﺐ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ أ ُِﺣ ﱡ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ زﻳ ًﺪا :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ َْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ ﺎﻋﺔَ :ﺑَ َﺪ ٌل ﻟ ْﻠ َﻤ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮل ﺑﻪ َﻣْﻨ ُـﺠ ََﺷ َ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُه
- 82 -
َﺳ َـﻤ ِﺎء ب اﻟْﻤﺠﺮور ِ ِ
ات ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷ َْ ُ َ ْ ُْ َ
ﺎﺷﺎ ﻃَﺎﻟِ ٍ
ﺐ Para siswa hadir kecuali satu orang siswa laki-laki ﻀَﺮ اﻟﻄﱠﻼﱠ ُ
ب َﺣ َ َﺣ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢﻀَﺮ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠب :ﻓَ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ُ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِِ ِ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ﺎﺷﺎ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﺣ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ﻃَﺎﻟِ ٍ
ﺼٍ
ﺐ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺜْـﻨَـﻰ ﺎﺷﺎ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ ب} َﺣ َ ﺐ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
- 87 -
ﺿﺎﻓَ ِﺔ {۲اَﻟْ َـﻤ ْﺠ ُﺮْوُر ﺑِ ِْ
ـﺎﻹ َ
ﺎف وﻣﻀ ٍ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ﲔ ﻋﻠَﻰ ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳ ِﺮ ﺣﺮ ِ
ف اﻟْـﺠ ِﺮ وﺗَـﺘ َﻜ ﱠﻮ ُن ِﻣﻦ ﻣ ٍ ِ ِ
ﻀ َُ َْ َُ َّ َ َ ْ َْ اﺳـ َﻤ ْ ِ َ
ﲔ ْ اَِْﻹ َ
ﺿﺎﻓَﺔُ ﻫ َﻲ ﻧ ْﺴﺒَﺔٌ ﺑـَ َْ
2. Idhofah adalah : Menghubungkan dua isim(dua kata) yang ditaqdirkan memiliki huruf jar, dan
terbentuk dari Mudhof dan Mudhof ilahi.
ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻰ ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْ ِﺮ )اَ ﱠﻟﻼم( ِ
.١ﻻَﻣﻴﱠﺔٌَ :ﻣﺎ َﻛﺎﻧَ ْ
ﺿﺎﻓَ ِﺔ اﻻﱠِﻣﻴﱠ ِﺔ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ ِْ
اﻹ َ
َﻫ َﺬا ﻗَـﻠَ ُﻢ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺐ Ini pulpen (milik) siswa
ِِ ِ ِ ِ
َﻫ َﺬا :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﻗَـﻠَ ُﻢ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ﺐ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟ ِ ُ َ
س Ini kopi (untuk) guru َﻫ ِﺬﻩِ ﻗَـ ْﻬ َﻮةُ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ِ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ
َﻫﺬﻩ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ
ِ ِ ﻗَـ ْﻬ َﻮةِ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِر ِس :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ ُ ّ
َﻫ ِﺬﻩِ ُﻛﺘُﺐ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ِ
ب Ini adalah buku-buku (milik) para siswa laki-laki ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌَﻫﺬﻩ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﺐ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ُﻛﺘُ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ب :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ اﻟﻄﱡﻼﱠ ِ ُ َ
ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻰ ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْ ِﺮ ) ِﻣ ْﻦ( ﻟِﻠْﺒَـﻴَﺎﻧِﻴﱠ ِﺔ ِ
.٢ﺑـَﻴَﺎﻧﻴﱠﺔٌ َ :ﻣﺎ َﻛﺎﻧَ ْ
ﺿﺎﻓَ ِﺔ اﻟْﺒَـﻴَﺎﻧِﻴﱠ ِﺔ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑـَِﻬﺎ أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ ِْ
اﻹ َ
ﺐ Ini gelang(dari) emas َﻫ َﺬا ِﺳﻮار ذَ َﻫ ٍ
َُ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ
:ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرة َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َﻫ َﺬا
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﺳ َﻮ ُار َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ﺐ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ َذ َﻫ ٍ
َﻫ ِﺬﻩِ َ ﻓِ َﺬةُ َﺧ َﺸ ٍ
ﺐ Ini jendela (dari) kayu
ِ ِ ِ ِ ﻫ ِﺬﻩِ
:ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َ
ِ ِ َ ﻓ َﺬةُ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ﺐ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ َﺧ َﺸ ٍ
- 89 -
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ
ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
َ ُﻫ ﱠﻦ
ﻚ )Ini rumah engkau (satu orang laki-laki
َﻫ َﺬا ﺑَْـﻴـﺘُ َ
ِِ ِ ِ ِ
:ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻫ َﺬا
ِ ِ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ـﺖ
ﺑَْـﻴ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َك
ﻜ َﻤﺎ )Ini rumah kalian berdua (dua orang laki-laki
َﻫ َﺬا ﺑَْـﻴـﺘُ ُ
ِِ ِ ِ ِ
:ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻫ َﺬا
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ـﺖ
ﺑَْـﻴ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُﻛ َﻤﺎ
ﻜ ْﻢ )Ini rumah kalian (banyak laki-laki
َﻫ َﺬا ﺑَْـﻴـﺘُ ُ
ِِ ِ ِ ِ
َﻫ َﺬا :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮِﻩ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ـﺖ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﺑَْـﻴ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُﻛ ْﻢ
ﻚ )Ini rumah engkau (satu orang perempuan ﻫ َﺬا ﺑـﻴـﺘُ ِ
َ َْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َﻫ َﺬا :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ـﺖ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ﺑَْـﻴ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ِك
ﻀ ٌـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ﻜ َﻤﺎ )Ini rumah kalian berdua (dua orang perempuan
َﻫ َﺬا ﺑَْـﻴـﺘُ ُ
ِِ ِ ِ ِ
:ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻫ َﺬا
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ـﺖ
ﺑَْـﻴ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُﻛ َﻤﺎ
ﻜ ﱠﻦ )Ini rumah kalian (banyak perempuan
َﻫ َﺬا ﺑَْـﻴـﺘُ ُ
ِِ ِ ِ ِ
:ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻫ َﺬا
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮِﻩ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ـﺖ
ﺑَْـﻴ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ُﻛ ﱠﻦ
َﻫ َﺬا ﺑَْـﻴـﺘِـﻲ Ini rumah saya
ْ
ِِ ِ ِ ِ
:ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻫ َﺬا
ِ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ ﻟِﻤﻨ ِ ِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟْﻤ َﻘﺪﱠرةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِِ ﺑـﻴ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﺎﺳﺒَﺔ َ ء اﻟْ ُﻤﺘَ َﻜﻠِّﻢ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ
ْ َُ َ ْ ُّ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ُ َ َ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ـﺖ َْ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ ْي
َﻫ َﺬا ﺑَْـﻴـﺘُـﻨَﺎ Ini rumah kami
ِِ ِ ِ ِ
:ا ْﺳ ُﻢ إ َﺷﺎرةٍ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻫ َﺬا
ِ ِ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮِﻩ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ َ :ﺧﺒَـٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ ـﺖ
ﺑَْـﻴ ُ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َ
- 90 -
ﺗَـﻮاﺑِﻊ اﻟْﻤ ْﺠﺮور ِ
اتَ ُ َ ُْ َ
ﺖ/اَ ِّ
ﻟﺼ َﻔﺔُ ﱠﻌ ُ
{۱اَﻟﻨـ ْ
ْﻒ
{۲اَﻟ َْﻌﻄ ُ
ﺎت Kepala sekolah gembira dengan guru perempuan dan beberapa orang siswi ﻓَﺮِح اﻟْﻤ ِﺪﻳـﺮ ِ ﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِﺔ و اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒ ِ
َ ُ ُْ ُ ّ َ َ َ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ِح
ﻓَﺮ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ اﻟْ ُﻤ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮ :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ ب
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِ
ب}اَﻟْﺒَﺎء{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ﻒ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ف َﻋﻄْ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َو
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟِﺒ ِ
ـﺠُﺮْوِر َﻣ ْ
ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ َﻤ ْ
ف َﻋﻠَﻰ ْ ﺎت َ :ﻣ ْﻌﻄُْﻮ ٌ َ
- 93 -
ﺳ ِﺔ Saya memberikan salam kepada satu guru perempuan, guru perempuan ِ
ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺔ ,اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َ
َﺳﻠﱠ ْﻤ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺳﻠﱠ ْـﻢ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ تُ
ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣﻦ ِْ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ َ ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن}َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﻋﻠَﻰ
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِر َﺳ ِﺔ
ب} َﻋﻠَﻰ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ ِﺔ
ـﺠُﺮْوِر َﻣ ْ
ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﻼﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ َﻤ ْ
:ﺗَـ ْﻮﻛْﻴ ٌﺪ ﻟَْﻔﻈ ﱞﻲ ﻟ ْ
ﲔ اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِر َﺳﺘَـ ْ ِ
ِ
ﲔ Saya memberikan salam kepada dua guru perempuan,Dua guru perempuan ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺘَـ ْ ُ ّ
َﺳﻠﱠ ْﻤ ُ
:ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ ﻋَﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َﺳﻠﱠ ْـﻢ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ّ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن}َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﻋﻠَﻰ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ب}ﻋﻠَﻰ{ وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةِ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ اﻟْﻤﺪ ِرﺳﺘـ ِ ِ
ْ َْ ُ ُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر ِ َ َ َ َ َ ّ َ ُ َ َ َ ﲔ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ُْ َ ََ ْ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﲔ :ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٌﺪ ﻟَ ْﻔ ِﻈﻲ ﻟِﻼﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤـﺠﺮوِر ﻣـﺠﺮور وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َْ ُ ُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ﱞ ْ َ ْ ُْ َ ْ ٌُْ َ َ َ َ ّ َ ُ َ َ َ اَﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺘَـ ْ ِ ْ ْ
ﺎت ,اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ
ﺎتSaya memberikan salam pada para guru perempuan,Para guru perempuan ﺳﻠﱠﻤﺖ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ
ُ َّ َ ْ ُ َ ُ َّ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺳﻠﱠ ْـﻢ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن}َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﻋﻠَﻰ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِ
ب} َﻋﻠَﻰ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِر َﺳﺎت :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ﺎت :ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٌﺪ ﻟَ ْﻔ ِﻈﻲ ﻟِﻼﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤـﺠﺮوِر ﻣـﺠﺮور وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎ ِﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ اَﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ
َ َ َْ ﱞ ْ َ ْ ُْ َ ْ ٌُْ َ َ َ َ ّ ْْ ُ َّ
س ﻧـَ ْﻔ ِﺴ ِﻪ Saya memberikan salam kepada seorang guru laki-laki sendiriannya ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر ِ
َﺳﻠﱠ ْﻤ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َﺳﻠﱠ ْـﻢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣﻦ ِْ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ َ ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن}َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﻋﻠَﻰ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ
ب} َﻋﻠَﻰ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِر ِس :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ِ ِ ِ ﺲ :ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٌﺪ ﻣﻌﻨ ِﻮ ﱞ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ ﻋَﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ـﺠُﺮْوِر َﻣ ْ ﻼﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ َﻤ ْ
يﻟ ْ ْ ْ َ َْ ﻧـَ ْﻔ ِ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ِ :
َ ِه
ﲔ ﻛِﻠَْﻴـ ِﻬ َـﻤﺎ Saya memberikan salam kepada dua orang guru laki-laki mereka berdua
ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِر َﺳ ْ ِ
ُ ّ َﺳﻠﱠ ْﻤ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺳﻠﱠ ْـﻢ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣﻦ ِْ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ َ ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن}َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﻋﻠَﻰ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ب}ﻋﻠَﻰ{ وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةِ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ اﻟْﻤﺪ ِرﺳ ِ ِ
ْ َْ ُ ُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر ِ َ َ َ َ َ ّ َ ُ َ َ َ ﲔ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ َْ ُ َّ َْ
ِ ِ ِ :ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٌﺪ ﻣﻌﻨ ِﻮ ِ ﻛِﻠَ ْﻲ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْﻴَﺎءُ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةِ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣﻠْ َﺤ ٌﻖ ِ ﻟْ ُﻤﺜَـﻨﱠـﻰ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ
ـﺠُﺮْوِر َﻣ ْ
ﻼﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ َﻤ ْ
يﻟ ْ ْ ْ َ َْ ّ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ : ِﻫ َـﻤﺎ
ﻀ ٌـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ﲔ أَﻧْـ ُﻔ ِﺴ ِﻬ ْﻢ Saya memberikan salam kepada para guru laki-laki mereka semuanya ِ
ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّرﺳ َْ
َﺳﻠﱠ ْﻤ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺳﻠﱠ ْـﻢ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ تُ
ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ َﻋﻠَﻰ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ب}ﻋﻠَﻰ{وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةِ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ اﻟْﻤﺪ ِرِﺳ ِ
ْ َ ٌَ ْ َ ٌ َ َْ ُ َ ْ ُ ُ ﲔ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َْﳎُﺮْوٌر ِ َ َ َ َ َ ّ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ّ َْ
ِ ِ ِ ﺲ :ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٌﺪ ﻣﻌﻨ ِﻮ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ
ـﺠُﺮْوِر َﻣ ْ ﻼﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ َﻤ ْ
يﻟ ْ ْ ْ َ َْ ّ أَﻧْـ ُﻔ ِ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ : ِﻫ ْﻢ
ﻀ ٌـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
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ﺳ ِﺔ ﻧـَ ْﻔ ِﺴ َﻬﺎ Saya memberikan salam kepada seorang guru perempuan sendiriannya
ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َ
َﺳﻠﱠ ْﻤ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن َﺳﻠﱠ ْـﻢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ : ت
ّ َََّ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ َﻋﻠَﻰ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِ
ب} َﻋﻠَﻰ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِر َﺳﺔ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ِ ِ ِ ﺲ :ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٌﺪ ﻣﻌﻨ ِﻮ ﱞ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ـﺠُﺮْوِر َﻣ ْ ﻼﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ َﻤ ْ
يﻟ ْ ْ ْ َ َْ ﻧـَ ْﻔ ِ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َﻫﺎ
ﲔ ﻛِْﻠﺘَـْﻴـ ِﻬ َـﻤﺎ Saya memberikan salam kepada dua orang guru perempuan mereka berdua ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِر َﺳﺘَـ ْ ِ
ُ ّ َﺳﻠﱠ ْﻤ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺳﻠﱠ ْـﻢ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ َﻋﻠَﻰ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
ب}ﻋﻠَﻰ{ وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮِة ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ اﻟْﻤﺪ ِرﺳﺘـ ِ ِ
ْ َْ ُ ُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر ِ َ َ َ َ َ ّ َ ُ َ َ َ ﲔ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ َ ُ َ ّ ََ ْ
ِ ِ ِ :ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٌﺪ ﻣﻌﻨ ِﻮ ِ ﻛِْﻠﺘَ ْـﻲ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْﻴَﺎءُ ﻧﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةِ ﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣﻠْ َﺤ ٌﻖ ِ ﻟْ ُﻤﺜَـﻨﱠـﻰ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ـﺠُﺮْوِر َﻣ ْ ﻼﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ َﻤ ْ
يﻟ ْ ْ ْ َ َْ ّ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ِ ِ ِ : ِﻫ َـﻤﺎ
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ﺎت أَﻧْـ ُﻔ ِﺴ ِﻬ ﱠﻦ Saya memberikan salam kepada para guru perempuan mereka semuanya ﺳﻠﱠﻤﺖ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْﻤ َﺪ ِرﺳ ِ
َ ْ ُ َ ُ َّ
ﺎض ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮنِ ِ َﺳﻠﱠ ْـﻢ
ْ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َ ْ ﱞ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣﻦ ِْ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ َ ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن}َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﻋﻠَﻰ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِ
ب} َﻋﻠَﻰ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳﺎت :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ِ ِ ِ ﺲ :ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٌﺪ ﻣﻌﻨ ِﻮ ﱞ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ـﺠُﺮْوِر َﻣ ْ ﻼﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ َﻤ ْ
يﻟ ْ ْ ْ َ َْ أَﻧْـ ُﻔ ِ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ِﻫ ﱠﻦ
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
{٤اَﻟْﺒَ َﺪ ُل
ﻀ ِﻬ ﱠﻦ Saya memberikan salam kepada para guru perempuan, sebagian mereka saja ﺎت ﺑـﻌ ِ ِ
ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِّر َﺳ َ َْﺳﻠﱠ ْﻤ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ َﺳﻠﱠ ْـﻢ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ت
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ َﻋﻠَﻰ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ ِ
ب} َﻋﻠَﻰ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺪ ِر َﺳﺎت :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ـﺠُﺮْوِر َﻣ ْ ﻼﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ َﻤ ْ
ﺾ :ﺑَ َﺪ ٌل ﻟ ْ ﺑـَ ْﻌ ِ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ِ ِ ِ ِ : ِﻫ ﱠﻦ
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ﻒ ,اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻜﺘَـﺒَ ِﺔ Saya telah pergi ke kantin, eh perpustakaan
ﺖ إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْﻤ ْﻘﺼ ِ
َ َ َذ َﻫْﺒ ُ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِنﺐ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ذَ َﻫ ْ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ِ :
ّ َََّ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ تُ
ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ إِﻟَـﻰ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ اﻟْﻤ ْﻘ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ب}إِﻟَـﻰ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺼﻒ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َـﺠُﺮْوِر َﻣ ْ
ﻼﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ َﻤ ْ
اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻜﺘَـﺒَﺔ :ﺑَ َﺪ ٌل ﻟ ْ
ﺎرﺗَـْﻴـ ِﻦ Kita membutuhkan satu mobil, eh dua mobil ٍ ﻧـَ ْﺤﺘَ ِ
ﺎج إﻟَـﻰ َﺳﻴﱠﺎرةَ ,ﺳﻴﱠ َ
ُ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ ِ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ـﺤ ُﻦ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َ ,واﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ﻧَ ْ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﺎج
ﻧـَ ْﺤﺘَ ُ
ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ إِﻟَـﻰ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ب}إِﻟَـﻰ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ َﺳﻴﱠﺎرةٍ
اﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻔَﺮِد
:ﺑ َﺪ ٌل ﻟِﻼﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤـﺠﺮوِر ﻣـﺠﺮور وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةِ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﺜَـﻨـﻰ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـﻨْ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ
ْ َْ ُ ُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ْ ُْ َ ْ ٌُْ َ َ َ َ ّ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َﺳﻴﱠﺎرﺗَـ ْ ِ
ﲔ َ
- 96 -
ﱠﺤ ِﻮﻳﱠﺔُ اَْﻷ ِ
ﺐ اﻟﻨ ْ
َﺳﺎﻟ ْﻴ ُ
َ
ب اﻟْ َﻘ َﺴ ِﻢ
ُﺳﻠُ ْﻮ ُ
{١أ ْ
أُﺳﻠُﻮب اﻟْ َﻘﺴ ِﻢ ﻫﻮ أُﺳﻠُﻮب ﻳﺴﺘـﻌﻤﻞ ﻟِﺘﺄْﻛِﻴ ِﺪ اﻟْﻤﻌﻨَـﻰ ِ ﺳﺘِﺨ َﺪ ِام أَﻟْ َﻔ ٍ
ﺎظ َداﻟﱠٍﺔ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻘ َﺴ ِﻢ ْ ْ ْ ْ ُ َ ُ َ ْ ْ ٌ ُ َْ ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ ْ
1. Uslub Qosam adalah : Susunan yang digunakan untuk menguatkan suatu ma’na dengan bantuan
beberapa ungkapan yang menunjukkan sumpah.
ب اﻟﺘﱠ َـﻌ ﱡﺠ ِ
ﺐ ُﺳﻠُ ْﻮ ُ
{٢أ ْ
ﺻ َﻔ ٍﺔ ﻓِـﻲ َﺷ ْﻲ ٍء َﻣﺎ.
ﺐ ﻫﻮ أُﺳﻠُﻮب ﻳﺴﺘَـﻌﻤﻞ ﻟِﻠﺘﱠـﻌﺒِـﻴـﺮ ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺪﱠﻫ َﺸ ِﺔ أَ ِو اﻻﺳﺘِـﻌﻈَ ِﺎم ِ
ْ ْ ْ ﱠﻌ ﱡﺠ ِ ُ َ ْ ْ ٌ ُ ْ ْ َ ُ ْ ْ َ ب اﻟﺘـ َ
ُﺳﻠُ ْﻮ ُ
أْ
2.Uslub Ta’ajjub adalah : Susunan yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan sesuatu yang menakjubkan
ataupun mengagungkan sifat pada sesuatu yang ditentukan.
ﺐ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑِ َـﻬﺎ
ﱠﻌ ﱡﺠ ِ ِ
ب اﻟﺘـ َ أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ أ ْ
ُﺳﻠُ ْﻮ ُ
ﻞ اﻟْ َﻘ َﻤَﺮ Betapa Indahnya Bulan
َﺟ َـﻤ َ
َﻣﺎ أ ْ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ِِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َﻣﺎ :ﻧَﻜَﺮةٌ َ ﱠﻣﺔٌ ﺑـ َﻤ ْﻌﻨَـﻰ ﺷﻴﺊ ,ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ﺐ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﺎض َﺟ ِﺎﻣ ٍﺪِ ِِﻹﻧْ َﺸ ِﺎء اﻟﺘﱠ َـﻌ ﱡﺠ ِ َﺟ َـﻤﻞ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
أْ َ
ﱠﻌ ﱡﺠﺒِﻴﱠﺔُ( ِ ِ ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫﻮ ﻳـَ ُﻌ ْﻮُد َﻋﻠَﻰ ) َﻣﺎ اَﻟﺘـ َ َواﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟْ َﻘﻤﺮ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ََ َ ُْ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﺧﺒـﺮ اﻟْﻤﺒـﺘﺪأِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َو ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َواﻟْ َﻔ
َ َ ّ َ ََُ َُْ َ
ﺎء Betapa Indahnya Langit أَﺟ ِـﻤﻞ ِ ﻟ ﱠﺴﻤ ِ
ْ ْ َ
ِ
ﺐَ ,ﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﻘ ﱠﺪ ِر ِ ِ ِ
ﺎض َﺟﺎﻣﺪ َﺟﺎء َﻋﻠَﻰ ﺻﻐَﺔ ْاﻷ َْﻣ ِﺮ ِِﻹﻧْ َﺸﺎء اﻟﺘﱠ َـﻌ ﱡﺠ ِ ٍ ِ َﺟ ِـﻤ ْﻞ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
َ أْ
ﺻﻐَ ِﺔ ْاﻷ َْﻣ ِﺮاﻟﱠ ِﺬي ﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ﻟِﻤﻨَﺎﺳﺒ ِﺔ ﺣﺮَﻛ ِﺔ ِ
ْ ُ ََ َ َ ْ ُّ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ٍ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ف َﺟّﺮ َزاﺋﺪ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴﺮ}َﻻ َﻣ َ ب َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ـﺠِّﺮ اﻟﱠﺰاﺋِ ِﺪ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ ﻟِﻤﻨ ِ ِ ِ ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟْﻤ َﻘﺪﱠرةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
ﺎﺳﺒَﺔ َﺣَﺮَﻛﺔ َﺣ ْﺮف اﻟْ َ
ْ َُ َ ْ ُّ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ُ َ َ اﻟ ﱠﺴ َﻤﺎء :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ب اﻟ ﱠﺬِّم
ُﺳﻠُ ْﻮ ُ
{٤أ ْ
ﺲ" َو" ﻻَ َﺣﺒﱠ َﺬ" ِ ِ أُﺳﻠُﻮب اﻟ ﱠﺬِم ﻫﻮ أُﺳﻠُﻮب ﻳﺴﺘـﻌﻤﻞ ﻟِﺘـﻌﺒِﻴـ ِﺮ اﻟ ﱠﺬِم و اﻟْ ِ
ـﺤ َﺠﺎء َو أَﻓْـ َﻌﺎﻟُﻪُ ﻫ َﻲ "ﺑْﺌ َ
ْ ْ ُ ّ ُ ْ ْ ْ ٌ ُ َْ ْ َ ُ َ ْ ْ ّ َ َ
4. Uslub Dzam adalah : Uslub yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan hinaan ataupun ejekan dan fi’il-
ﺣﺒﱠ َﺬا" " danﺑِْﺌﺲ"fi’ilnya ialah :
".ﻻَ َ
َ
ب اﻟ ﱠﺬِّم َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑِ َـﻬﺎ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ أ ْ
ُﺳﻠُ ْﻮ ُ
ب Seburuk-Buruk akhlak adalah berdusta ِ ِ
ـﺨﻠُ ُﻖ اﻟ َﻜﺬ ُ
ﺲ اﻟ ُ
ﺑْﺌ َ
ﺎض َﺟ ِﺎﻣ ٍﺪ ِﻹْﻧْ َﺸ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺬِّم َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﺲ ِ
ﺑْﺌ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ـﺨﻠُ ُﻖ
اﻟ ُ
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ص ِ ﻟ ﱠﺬِّم ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ُﻣ َﺆ ﱠﺧٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺼ ْﻮ ُ :اَﻟْ َﻤ ْﺨ ُ ب
اﻟ َﻜﺬ ُ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒَـٌﺮ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ِ ِِ ِ
ـﺨﻠُ ُﻖ ( ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ﺲ اﻟ ُ َو ُﺟ ْـﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ ) ﺑْﺌ َ
ﱠﻢSeburuk-buruk tempat bagi orang-orang kafir adalah neraka jahannam . ِِ ِ ِ
ﺑْﺌﺲ َﻣﺼْﻴـُﺮ اﻟْ َﻜﺎﻓﺮﻳْ َﻦ َﺟ َﻬﻨ ُ َ
ﺎض َﺟ ِﺎﻣ ٍﺪ ِﻹْﻧْ َﺸ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺬِّم َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﺑِْﺌﺲ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ
َ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ِِ ِ ِ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ ﻣِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧﺮﻩ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﺼْﻴـُﺮ :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َوﻋَ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ َ
اﻻﺳ ِﻢ اﻟْﻤ ْﻔﺮدِ
ﺎف إِﻟَﻴ ِﻪ ﻣـﺠﺮور وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟْﻴﺎء ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟْ َﻜﺴﺮةِ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟـﻤﻊ ﻣ َﺬ ﱠﻛ ٍﺮ ﺳﺎﻟِـﻢ,واﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ُن ِﻋﻮض ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓِـﻲ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َُ ْ َ ٌَ ْ َ ٌ َ َْ ُ َ ْ ُ ُ ﻀ ٌ ْ َ ْ ٌُْ َ َ َ َ ّ َ ُ َ َ َ اﻟْ َﻜﺎﻓﺮﻳْ َﻦ ُ :ﻣ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ص ِ ﻟ ﱠﺬِّم ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ُﻣ َﺆ ﱠﺧٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺼ ْﻮ َُﺟ َﻬﻨ ُﱠﻢ :اَﻟْ َﻤ ْﺨ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒَـٌﺮ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺲ َﻣﺼْﻴـُﺮ اﻟْ َﻜﺎﻓ ِﺮﻳْ َﻦ ( ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َو ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ )ﺑْﺌ َ
- 99 -
ﻻ َﺣﺒﱠ َﺬا اﻟﻨِّ َﻔ ُ
ﺎق Seburuk-buruk itu adalah kemunafikan
ﺎض َﺟ ِﺎﻣ ٍﺪ ِﻹْﻧْ َﺸ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺬِّم َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﺐ :ﻓِ ْﻌ ٌﻞ َﻣ ٍ ﻻ َﺣ ﱠ
:اِﺳﻢ إِ َﺷﺎرةٍ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ذَا
َََّ ْ َْ ﱞ َ ُْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ص ِ ﻟ ﱠﺬِّم ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ ُﻣ َﺆ ﱠﺧٌﺮ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ اﻟﻨِّ َﻔ ُ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺼ ْﻮ ُ
ﺎق :اَﻟْ َﻤ ْﺨ ُ
ِ ِِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒَـٌﺮ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم َو ُﺟـ ْﻤﻠَﺔٌ ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻴﱠﺔٌ )ﻻَ َﺣﺒﱠ َﺬا( ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ب ا ِْﻹ ْﻏ َﺮ ِاء
ُﺳﻠُ ْﻮ ُ
{٥أ ْ
ﻌﻞ" َو ِ ﺐ ﻋﻠَﻰ أَﻣ ٍﺮ ﻣـﺤﻤﻮٍد أَو ﻋﻤ ٍﻞ ﺣﺴ ٍﻦ ﻟِﻴـ ْﻔﻌﻠَﻪ أَو ﻟِﻴـ ْﻠﺰﻣﻪ وﻳـ َﻘﺪ ِِ
ﱠر ﺑﻔ ْـﻌ ٍﻞ ﻳـُﻨَﺎﺳ ُ
ﺐ اﻟْ َـﻤ َﻘ َﺎم ﻛـَ" اﻟْ َـﺰْم " َو" اﻓْ ْ ﺚ اﻟْ ُﻤ َﺨﺎﻃَ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ْ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ُ ُ
ِ اﻹ ْﻏَﺮ ِاء ُﻫ َﻮ َﺣ ﱡ
ب ِْ ُﺳﻠُ ْﻮ ُ
أْ
ـﺤ ِﻮَﻫﺎ."اﻋ َﻤ ْﻞ" َوﻧَ ْ
ْ
5.Uslub Ighro’ adalah : Menganjurkan orang yang diajak bicara terhadap suatu urusan yang terpuji
atau perbuatan yang baik agar orang tersebut melakukan perbuatan terpuji tersebut ataupun agar orang
tersebut tetap dalam perkara terpuji tersebut dan ditaqdirkan dengan fi’il yang sesuai dengan tempatnya
seperti “Tetaplah” dan “Kerjakanlah” dan “Amalkanlah” dan yang sejenisnya.
ُﺣ ِّﺬ ُر" َو " َ ﻋِ ْﺪ " َو ِ ِ ﺐ إِﻟَـﻰ أَﻣ ٍﺮ ﻣ ْﺬﻣﻮٍم أَو ﻋﻤ ٍﻞ ﻣﻜْﺮوﻩٍ ﻟِﻴﺠـﺘـﻨِﺒﻪ ,وﻳـ َﻘﺪ ِِ
ب اﻟﺘﱠ ْﺤ ِﺬﻳْ ِﺮ ُﻫﻮ ﺗَـْﻨﺒِْﻴﻪُ اﻟْﻤ َﺨﺎﻃَ ِ
ﱠر ﺑﻔ ْـﻌ ٍﻞ ﻳـُﻨَﺎﺳ ُ
ﺐ اﻟْ َـﻤ َﻘ َﺎم َﻛـ" ا ْﺣ َﺬ ْر" َو"أ َ ْ َ ُ ْ ْ َ َ َ ُْ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ ُ ُ َ َ ُﺳﻠُ ْﻮ ُ
أْ
ـﺤ ِﻮَﻫﺎ. ِ " ﺗَـﺠﻨـﱠـﺐ "و ِ
ـﺐ" َو " ﺗَـ َﻮ ﱠق " َو " ق " َوﻧَ ْ "ﺟـﻨّ ْ
َ َ ْ
6.Uslub Tahzir adalah : memperingatkan orang yang diajak bicara terhadap suatu urusan yang tercela
atau perbuatan yang tidak disukai agar dia (orang tersebut) menjauh dari urusan tersebut dan
” ditaqdirkan dengan fi’il yang sesuai dengan tempatnya seperti “ Hindarilah” dan “Saya Peringatkan
dan “Jauhilah” dan “Menjauhlah” dan “Jauhkanlah” dan “Berhati-Hatilah “ dan” Jagalah” dan yang
sejenisnya.
ﺎدةِ Hindarilah riya’, riya’ dalam beribadah اَ ِﻟﺮ ءِ ِ ِ ,
اﻟﺮَ ءَ ﻓـﻲ اﻟْﻌﺒَ َ
َّ َ ّ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩ ﻟِ ِـﻔ ْﻌ ٍﻞ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِِ :ﻣـﺤ ﱠﺬر ِﻣْﻨﻪ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ٌ ُ َ ُْ ِ
اَ ّﻟﺮَ ءَ
ِ ِ
ف ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـﺮﻩُ" ا ْﺣ َﺬ ِر ِ
اﻟﺮَ ءَ" ﻣـﺤ ُﺬو ٍ
ّ ُ َْ ْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ :ﺗَـﻮﻛِﻴ ٌﺪ ﻟَ ْﻔ ِﻈﻲ ﻟِْﻠﻤـﺤ ﱠﺬ ِر ِﻣﻨْﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ ِ
َ َ َ ُ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ﱞ َُ ْْ اﻟﺮَ ءَ
ّ
ِ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ِ ِ
ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ﻓِـﻲ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ :اِﺳﻢ ﻣـﺠﺮور ِ ِ اﻟْﻌِﺒﺎدةِ
ب }ﻓـﻲ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ ٌُْ ََ
ﺼﻼَةِ Hindarilah Tidur Disaat Waktu Sholat : إِ ﱠ َك اﻟﻨـ ْﱠﻮَم َوﻗْ َ
ﺖ اﻟ ﱠ
ٍ ِ ٍ ِِ ِ ِ ِ إِ ﱠ َك ِ :
ـﺤ ُﺬ ْوف ُو ُﺟ ْﻮًﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ أَﱠول ﻟـﻔ ْﻌ ٍﻞ َﻣ ْ
ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣْﻨـ َﻔﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ﻀﺎ ُﻣـﺤـَﱠﺬٌر ِ ِ
ُﺣ ّﺬ ُر" َوُﻫ َﻮ أَﻳْ ً
ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ" أ َ
اﻟﻨـﱠﻮم :ﻣـﺤ ﱠﺬر ِﻣﻨْﻪ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ َ ٍن ﻣﻨْﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَﺼﺒِ ِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ ِ
ﺎﻫَﺮةُ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ ُ َ ٌ ُ َ ُْ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ِِ ِ ِ ﱠ ِ ِ ٍ ﺖ َ :ﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﻓِْﻴ ِﻪ)ﻇَْﺮ ُ
ﺼﺒﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧﺮﻩ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ب َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ْ ﺼ ْﻮ ٌ
ف َزَﻣﺎن( َﻣْﻨ ُ َوﻗْ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ﺼﻼَةِ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺼ ِ
ﺎص ُﺳﻠُﻮ ِ ِ
ب اْﻻ ْﺧﺘ َ
{٧أ ْ ْ ُ
ﺼ ْﻮِد ِ ِ
ـﺨﺘَﺼﺎ ﻟﺒَـﻴَﺎن اﻟْ َﻤ ْﻘ ُ
ﺻﺎ أ َْو ُﻣ ْ
ﺼ ْﻮ ً
ـﺨ ُ
ِ
اﺳ ٌﻢ ﻇَﺎﻫٌﺮ َﻣ ْﻌ ِﺮﻓَﺔٌ َوﻳُ َﺴ ﱠﻤﻰ َﻣ ْﺐ َوﺑـَ ْﻌ َﺪﻩُ ْﺿ ِﻤْﻴـﺮ ﻟِْﻠﻤﺘَ َﻜﻠِِّﻢ َﻏﺎﻟِﺒًﺎ أَ ِو اﻟْﻤ َﺨﺎﻃَ ِ
ُ
ِِ
ﺎص ُﻫ َﻮ ﻳُ ْﺬ َﻛُﺮ ﻓْﻴﻪ َ ٌ ُ ﺼ ِ أُﺳﻠُﻮ ِ ِ
ب اﻻ ْﺧﺘ َ ْْ ُ
ﺺ " أ َْو "أ َْﻋﻨِـﻲ" ِ ٍ ِ ﻀ ِﻤﻴـ ِﺮ وﺗَ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َﺧ ﱡ ـﺤ ُﺬ ْوف ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ " أ ُﺐ ﺑِﻔ ْـﻌ ٍﻞ َﻣ ْ
ﺼُ ـﺨﺼْﻴﺼﻪَ .وﻳـُْﻨ َ
ﻣ َﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ْ َ ْ
7. Uslub Ikhtishos adalah : Disebutkan padanya isim dhomir untuk Mutakallim (Orang Yang
Berbicara) pada umumnya ataupun Dhomir Mukhotob (Orang Yang Diajak Bicara) dan setelah dhomir
tersebut ada isim zhohir yang ma’rifah dan dinamakan “ Makhsus” ” ataupun “mukhtash” untuk
menjelaskan maksud dari dhomir tersebut dan mengkhususkannya. Dan dinashobkan dengan fi’il yang
dibuang takdirnya “Saya Khususkan ” atau “Saya Maksudkan”.
ب اْ ِﻻ ْﺳﺘِﻐَﺎﺛَ ِـﺔ
ُﺳﻠُ ْﻮ ُ
{٨أ ْ
اﻻﺳﺘِﻐَﺎﺛَ ِـﺔ ِﻫﻲ ﻧِ َﺪاء ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌِـﻴـﻦ ﻋﻠَﻰ دﻓْ ٍﻊ ﺑﻼَ ٍء أَو ِﺷﺪﱠةٍ
أُﺳﻠُﻮ ِ
َ َُْ ُ ُْ َ َ َ ْ ب ْ ْْ ُ
8. Uslub Istighosah adalah : Memanggil orang (siapa) yang dikehendaki untuk memberikan
pertolongan menolak bencana ataupun kesulitan.
اﻻ ْﺳﺘِﻐَﺎﺛَ ِـﺔ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑِ َـﻬﺎ
ُﺳﻠُﻮب ِ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ أ ْ ْ ُ
ﻘﻮم ﻟِْﻠ َﻤﻈْﻠُ ْﻮِم Wahai Kaum Tolonglah Orang-Yang Dizholimi :
ﻟَْﻠ ِ
َ
اب{ اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِاﺳﺘِﻐَﺎﺛٍَﺔ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ :ﺣﺮ ُ ِ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ ف ﻧ َﺪاء َو ْ َْ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ف َﺟّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ }َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َل
ِ ِ ِ ِ :اِ ْﺳﻢ ﻣ ْ ِ اﻟْ ِ
ﺼٍ
ﺐ ُﻣﻨَ َﺎدى ـﺠُﺮْوٌر ب}اَﻻﱠم{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ ٌَ ﻘﻮم
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
ِ ِ ِ ِل
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ف َﺟٍّﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴ ِﺮ}َﻻ َﻣ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ اﻟْ َﻤﻈْﻠُ ْﻮِم
ب}اَﻻﱠم{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ﺎﻣ ٍﺪ Wahai Zaid Tolonglah Si Hamid:
زﻳ َﺪا ﻟِـﺤ ِ
َ َْ َ
اب{اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ اﺳﺘِﻐَﺎﺛٍَﺔ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ :ﺣﺮ ُ ِ ٍ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ ف ﻧ َﺪاء َو ْ َْ َ
ﻒ اﻟﱠﺰاﺋِ َﺪةِ ﻟِﺘـﻮﻛِﻴ ِﺪ ِ
اﻻﺳﺘِﻐَﺎﺛَﺔِ ِ ﺎث ﻣ ْﻔﺮد ﻣﻌ ِﺮﻓَﺔٌ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِﱠﻢ اﻟْﻤ َﻘ ﱠﺪ ِر اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻟِﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒ ِﺔ ْاﻷَﻟِ
َْ ْ ْ َُ ََ ْ ُّ ّ ُ ُ :ﻣﻨَ َﺎدى ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﻐَ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َ ْ َ ْ ﱞ َ َزﻳْ َﺪا
ـﺠِّﺮ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﺤ ُﺬ ْوﻓَ ِﺔ ِ ﺐ ,و ْاﻷَﻟِ ِ ِ
ض َﻋ ْﻦ ﻻَم اﻟْ َ
ﻒ ﻋ َﻮ ٌ ﺼٍ َ ُ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ ِل
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ـﺠﺮور ِ ِ اﻟْ َﻤﻈْﻠُ ْﻮِم
ب}اَﻻﱠم{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ :ا ْﺳ ٌﻢ َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌ
ب اﻟﻨﱡ ْﺪﺑَِﺔ
ُﺳﻠُ ْﻮ ُ
{٩أ ْ
ِ ِ ِِ ِ
ب اﻟﻨﱡ ْﺪﺑَﺔ ﻫ َﻲ ﻧ َﺪاءُ اﻟْ ُﻤﺘَـ َﻔ ﱠﺠ ِﻊ َﻋﻠَْﻴﻪ أَ ِو اﻟْ ُﻤﺘَـ َﻮ ﱠﺟ ِﻊ ﻣْﻨﻪُ
ُﺳﻠُ ْﻮ ُ
أْ
9. Uslub Nudbah adalah : Panggilan orang yang merasakan kesedihan ataupun panggilan orang yang
merasakan kesakitan.
ب اﻟﻨﱡ ْﺪﺑَِﺔ َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑِ َـﻬﺎ ِ
أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ أ ْ
ُﺳﻠُ ْﻮ ُ
َوا ﺑِْﻨـﺘَـﺎ Aduh Putriku
اب{ ف ﻧِ َﺪ ٍاء وﻧُ ْﺪﺑٍَﺔ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َوا
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ :ﻣﻨَﺎدى ﻣْﻨ ُﺪوب ,ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ﺑِْﻨـﺘَﺎ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟْﻈﱠ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
و ْاﻷَﺻﻞ :واﺑِْﻨﺘِـﻲ ,و ْاﻷَﻟِﻒ اﻟﺰاﺋِ َﺪةُ ﻟِﺘﺄْﻛِﻴ ِﺪ اﻟﻨﱡ ْﺪﺑﺔِ
َ َ ُ ّ َ ْ َ ُْ َ
َوا ﺑَﻄْﻨَـﺎ Aduh Perutku
اب{ ف ﻧِ َﺪ ٍاء وﻧُ ْﺪﺑٍَﺔ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
ـﺤﻞﱠ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َوا
ِ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ :ﻣﻨَﺎدى ﻣْﻨ ُﺪوب ,ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟْﻈﱠ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ﺑَﻄْﻨَﺎ
و ْاﻷَﺻﻞ :واﺑﻄْﻨِـﻲ ,و ْاﻷَﻟِﻒ اﻟﺰاﺋِ َﺪةُ ﻟِﺘﺄْﻛِﻴ ِﺪ اﻟﻨﱡ ْﺪﺑﺔِ
َ َ ُ ّ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ََ
ﱠﺎﻩ Aduh Gigiku ِ
َواﺳﻨ ْ
اب{ ف ﻧِ َﺪ ٍاء وﻧُ ْﺪﺑٍَﺔ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
ـﺤﻞﱠ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َوا
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِِ :ﻣﻨَﺎدى ﻣْﻨ ُﺪوب ,ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ِﺳﻨﱠﺎ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟْﻈﱠ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ
و ْاﻷَﺻﻞ :و ِاﺳﻨِّـﻲ ,و ْاﻷَﻟِﻒ اﻟﺰاﺋِ َﺪةُ ﻟِﺘﺄْﻛِﻴ ِﺪ اﻟﻨﱡ ْﺪﺑﺔِ
َ َ ُ ّ َ ْ َ ُْ َ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ِ ِ ِ ِ :ﻫﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﻜ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ
ف َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ْﺖ َﺣ ْﺮ ٌ َُ ْه
َوا َزﻳْ ُﺪ Aduh Zaid
ف ﻧِ َﺪ ٍاء وﻧُ ْﺪﺑٍَﺔ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َوا
ﺼٍ :ﻣﻨﺎدى ﻣْﻨﺪوب ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ
ﺐ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ َُ َ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َزﻳْ ُﺪ
اﻟﺰاﺋِ َﺪةُ ﻟِﺘَﺄْﻛِْﻴ ِﺪ اﻟﻨﱡ ْﺪﺑَِﺔ
ﻒ ّ
ِ ِ
َﺻ ُﻞ َ :واﺑِﻨْﺘـﻲَ ,و ْاﻷَﻟ ُ
َو ْاﻷ ْ
ﻻَ ﺗَـْﻴﺄَ ْﺳ َﻦ ِﻣ ْﻦ َر ْﺣـ َﻤ ِﺔ ﷲِ Jangan kalian(para perempuan) berputus asa dari Rahmat Alloh
اب{ ف ﻧـَ ْﻬ ٍﻲ و َﺟ ْﺰٍم َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
ـﺤﻞﱠ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ﻻَ
ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ِ ﺗَـْﻴﺄَ ْﺳ َﻦ
:ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ ث( ِ و ﻧـُﻮ ُن اﻟﻨِّﺴﻮةِ )ﻧـُﻮ ُن ِْ ِ
َََّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ اﻹ َ َ َ ْ َْ ْ
ف َﺟ ٍﺮ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن }َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ِﻣ ْﻦ
اب{ ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ ّ
ِ ِ ِ :اِﺳﻢ ﻣـﺠﺮور ِ ِ َر ْﺣـ َﻤ ِﺔ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ب}ﻣ ْﻦ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ ٌُْ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ﻆ اﻟَـﺠﻼَﻟَ ِﺔ ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ ﷲِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ
ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ :ﻟَْﻔ ُ َ ُ َ
إِ ْن ﺗَ ْ
ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ ْﺪ ﺗَـْﻨ َﺠ ْ
ﺢ Jika engkau bersungguh-sungguh engkau akan berhasil
اب{ ﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ﻀﺎ ِر َﻋ ْ ِ
ﲔ ُﻣ َ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓِﻌﻠَ ْ ِ إِ ْن :ﺣﺮ ُ ٍ
ف َﺷ ْﺮط َﺟﺎ ِزٌم ،ﻳَ ْ
ـﺤﻞﱠ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َْ
ب}إِ ْن{ وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ْ َ َ َ َ َْ ـﺠُﺰْوٌمع ﻓ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َﻣ ْ ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ ْﺪ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ ﺗَ ْ
ﺖ ِ ِ ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَﻧْ َ َو اﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ
ﺗَـْﻨﺠﺢ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﺟﻮاب اﻟﺸﱠﺮ ِط وﺟﺰ ُاؤﻩ ﻣـﺠﺰوم وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ْ َ َ ْ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ْ
ﺖ ِ ِ ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَﻧْ َ َو اﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ
إِ ْن ﻧـَﻌﻤﻞ ِ
ـﺠﻨﱠﺔَ Jika kita beramal sholih kita akan masuk surga ـﺤﺎ ﻧَ ْﺪ ُﺧ ِﻞ اﻟْ َﺻﺎﻟ ًَْ ْ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ إِ ْن
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻹ ْﻋَﺮاب{ ﻀﺎر َﻋ ْﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ـﺠﺰُم ﻓﻌﻠَ ْﲔ ُﻣ َ ف َﺷ ْﺮط َﺟﺎزٌم ،ﻳَ ْ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ب}إِ ْن{ وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ـﺠﺰوٌم ِ ِ ﻧـَﻌﻤﻞ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِر ِ
ْ َ َ َ َ َْ ع ﻓ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َﻣ ْ ُ ْ ٌْ ُ َ ٌ َْ ْ
ـﺤ ُﻦ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ﻧَ ْ َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ﺻﺎﻟِـﺤﺎ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔﺘْ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ً َ ُْ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ُﺣ ِﺮَك إِﻟَـﻰ اﻟْ َﻜﺴ ِﺮ َﻣْﻨـ ًﻌﺎ ِﻻﻟْﺘِ َﻘ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠﺴﺎﻛِﻨَـ ْﲔِ ﻧَ ْﺪﺧ ِﻞ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﺟﻮاب اﻟﺸﱠﺮ ِط وﺟﺰ ُاؤﻩ ﻣـﺠﺰوم وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
ْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ
ْ ْ ّ
ـﺤ ُﻦ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ﻧَ ْ َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ اﻟْـﺠﻨﱠﺔَ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُْ
ﺐ Jika engkau bermalas-malasan engkau akan gagal ِ
ﺎﺳ ْﻞ ﺗَـ ْﺮ ُﺳ ْ
إ ْذ َﻣﺎ ﺗَـﺘَ َﻜ َ
اب{ ﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ ﻀﺎ ِر َﻋ ْ ِ
ﲔ ُﻣ َ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓِﻌﻠَ ْ ِ :ﺣﺮ ُ ٍ
ف َﺷ ْﺮط َﺟﺎ ِزٌم ،ﻳَ ْ إِ ْن
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َْ
ب}إِ ْذﻣﺎ{ وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ْ َ ـﺠُﺰْوٌم ِ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ ﻓ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َﻣ ْ ﺎﺳ ْﻞ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺗَـﺘَ َﻜ َ
ﺖ ِ ِ ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَﻧْ َ َو اﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ
ﺗَـﺮﺳﺐ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﺟﻮاب اﻟﺸﱠﺮ ِط وﺟﺰ ُاؤﻩ ﻣـﺠﺰوم ,وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ْ ُْ ْ
ﺖ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَﻧْ َ َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓِ ْﻌﻠَْﻴـ ِﻦ ُﻣ َ أَﺳـﻤﺎء اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ
ﻀﺎ ِر َﻋ ْ ِ
ﲔ ﺸ ْﺮط اﻟﱠﺘـﻲ ﺗَ ْ َْ ُ
ي َ -ﻣ ْﻬ َﻤﺎ َ -ﻣﺘَـﻰ -أَﱠ َن – أَﻳْ َﻦ – أَﻳْـﻨَ َﻤﺎ -أَﻧﱠـﻰَ -ﺣْﻴـﺜُ َﻤﺎ – َﻛْﻴـ َﻔ َﻤﺎ
َﻣ ْﻦ َ -ﻣﺎ – أَ ﱡ
َﺳ َـﻤ ِﺎء اﻟ ﱠ
ﺸ ْﺮ ِط َﻣ َﻊ إِ ْﻋ َﺮاﺑِ َـﻬﺎ ﲔِْ ﲔ اﻟ َْﻤ ْﺠ ُﺰْوَﻣ ْ ِ أ َْﻣﺜِﻠَﺔُ ُﺟ َـﻤ ِﻞ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌﻠَْﻴـ ِﻦ اﻟْ ُﻤ َ
ﻀﺎ ِر َﻋ ْ ِ
ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ ْﺪ ﻳـَْﻨ َﺠ ْ
ﺢ Siapa bersungguh-sungguh pasti akan berhasil َﻣ ْﻦ ﻳَ ْ
ِِ ﲔ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرﻋ ِ ِ :اِﺳﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍط ﺟﺎ ِزم ،ﻳ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ
ﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓﻌﻠَ ْ ِ ُ َ َ ْ ْ ُ َْ َ ٌ َ ْ َﻣ ْﻦ
ب}ﻣﻦ{ وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ْ َ ـﺠُﺰْوٌم ِ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ ﻓ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َﻣ ْ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ـﺠﺘَ ِﻬ ْﺪ
ﻳَ ْ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒـﺮ اﻟْﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪإِ وﺟـﻤﻠَﺔُ َﺷﺮ ٍط ِﻣﻦ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌ ِﻞ واﻟْ َﻔ ِ
َ َ ّ َ َُ ُ َُْ ْ َ ْ َ
ِ ِ ِ
ـﺠُﺰْوٌم ,و َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟ ْﺰﻣﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ
ْ اب اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َو َﺟَﺰ ُاؤﻩُ َﻣ ْ َ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ َﺟ َﻮ ُ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﻳـَْﻨ َﺠ ْﺢ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺣ ْﻢ Siapa yang tidak menyayangi maka dia tidak akan disayangi
َﻣ ْﻦ َﻻ ﻳـَْﺮ َﺣ ْﻢ َﻻ ﻳـُْﺮ َ
ِِ ﲔ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرﻋ ِ ِ :اِﺳﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍط ﺟﺎ ِزم ،ﻳ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ
ﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓﻌﻠَ ْ ِ ُ َ َ ْ ْ ُ َْ َ ٌ َ ْ َﻣ ْﻦ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
اب{ ف ﻧـَ ْﻔ ٍﻲ و َﺟ ْﺰٍم َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﻻ
ب}ﻣﻦ{ وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِر ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ْ َ ـﺠُﺰْوٌم ِ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ ع ﻓ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َﻣ ْ ٌْ ُ َ ٌ ﻳـَْﺮ َﺣ ْﻢ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒـﺮ اﻟْﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪإِ وﺟـﻤﻠَﺔُ َﺷﺮ ٍط ِﻣﻦ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌ ِﻞ واﻟْ َﻔ ِ
َ َ ّ َ َُ ُ َُْ ْ َ ْ َ
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اب{ ف ﻧـَ ْﻔ ٍﻲ و َﺟ ْﺰٍم َﻣْﺒﻨِ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن}َﻻ َﻣ َ ِ ِ
اﻹ ْﻋﺮ ِ
ـﺤ ﱠﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣ َﻦ ْ َ ْ َ َ :ﺣ ْﺮ ُ َﻻ
:ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﺟﻮاب اﻟﺸﱠﺮ ِط وﺟﺰ ُاؤﻩ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻟِْﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮِل ﻣـﺠﺰوم ,وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻳـُْﺮ َﺣ ْﻢ
ْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َْ ﱞ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ْ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ
ﺐ اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ِ
َو َ ﺋ ُ
ﺼ ْﺮ Siapa yang engkau tolong saya akan tolong juga
ﺼ ْﺮ أَﻧْ ُ
َﻣ ْﻦ ﺗَـْﻨ ُ
ِ ِِ ﲔ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرﻋ ِ ِ :اِﺳﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍط ﺟﺎ ِزم،ﻳ ِ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓﻌﻠَ ْ ِ ُ َ َ ْ ْ ُ َْ َ ٌ َ ْ َﻣ ْﻦ
ب}ﻣﻦ{ وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِر ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ْ َ ـﺠُﺰْوٌم ِ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ ع ﻓ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َﻣ ْ ٌْ ُ َ ٌ ﺼ ْﺮ
ﺗَـْﻨ ُ
ﺖ ِ ِ ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَﻧْ َ َو اﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ
:ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﺟﻮاب اﻟﺸﱠﺮ ِط وﺟﺰ ُاؤﻩ ﻣـﺠﺰوم ,وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼ ْﺮ
ْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ْ أَﻧْ ُ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَ َ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
َﻣﺎ َْ ُﻛ ْﻞ آ ُﻛ ْﻞ Apapun yang engkau makan saya akan makan juga
ِ ِِ ﲔ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرﻋ ِ ِ ﻣﺎ :اِﺳﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍط ﺟﺎ ِزم،ﻳ ِ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓﻌﻠَ ْ ِ ُ َ َ ْ ْ ُ َْ َ ٌ َ ْ َ
ِ ِ ِ
ب} َﻣﺎ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟ ْﺰﻣﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ُن َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩ ـﺠﺰوٌم ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ ﻓ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َﻣ ْ ُ ْ َْ ُﻛ ْﻞ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺖ ِ ِ ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَﻧْ َ َو اﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِآ ُﻛﻞ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﻣـﺠﺰوم ﺟﻮاب اﻟﺸﱠﺮ ِط وﺟﺰ ُاؤﻩ ,وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
ْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َ ْ ُْ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ
ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَ َ ِ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ـﺠ ْﺊ أُ ْﻛ ِﺮْﻣﻪُ Orang berilmu yang manapun yang datang akan saya muliakan dia ي ﻋﺎﻟِـ ٍﻢ ﻳ ِ
أَ ﱡ َ َ
ِ ِ ﲔ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋﻼََﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓِﻌﻠَ ْ ِ ٍ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﻀﺎ ِر َﻋ ْ ِ ﲔ ُﻣ َ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﺷ ْﺮط َﺟﺎ ِزٌم ,ﻳَ ْ ي
أَ ﱡ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ ﻋﺎﻟِـ ٍﻢ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ َ
ِ ِ ِ
ي{ و َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟ ْﺰﻣﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ع ﻓ ْﻌﻞ اﻟﺸﱠﺮط ﻣ ْ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ ـﺠُﺰْوٌم ب} أَ ﱡ َ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ ُ ْ َ ﻳَـﺠ ْﺊ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒـﺮ اﻟْﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪإِ وﺟـﻤﻠَﺔُ َﺷﺮ ٍط ِﻣﻦ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌ ِﻞ واﻟْ َﻔ ِ
َ َ ّ َ َُ ُ َُْ ْ َ ْ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِأُ ْﻛ ِﺮم :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﻣـﺠﺰوم ﺟﻮاب اﻟﺸﱠﺮ ِط وﺟﺰ ُاؤﻩ ,وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
ْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َ ْ ُْ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ
ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَ َ ِ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﺼٍ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ّ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُه
ﺼ ْﺮ Lelaki yang manapun engkau tolong akan saya tolong juga ي َر ُﺟ ٍﻞ ﺗَـْﻨ ُ
ﺼ ْﺮ أَﻧْ ُ أَ ﱠ
ِ ِ ﲔ وﻫﻮ ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ ﻣ َﻘﺪﱠم ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋﻼَﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓِﻌﻠَ ْ ِ ٍ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ
ُ ٌ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ ﲔ ُﻣ َ ِ
ﻀﺎ ِر َﻋ ْ َ ُ َ َ ُ ْ :ا ْﺳ ُﻢ َﺷ ْﺮط َﺟﺎ ِزٌم ,ﻳَ ْ ي
أَ ﱠ
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِ رﺟ ٍﻞ :ﻣﻀ ٌ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ـﺠُﺮْوٌر َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟِّﺮﻩ اﻟْ َﻜ ْﺴَﺮةُ اﻟﻈﱠ َ َ ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﻣ ْ َُ َُ
ي{ وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ ـﺠُﺰْوٌم ب}أَ ﱠ َ َ َ َ ْ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ ﻓ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َﻣ ْ ﺼ ْﺮ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺗَـْﻨ ُ
ﺖ ِ ِ ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَﻧْ َ َو اﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ أَﻧْﺼﺮ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﺟﻮاب اﻟﺸﱠﺮ ِط وﺟﺰ ُاؤﻩ ﻣـﺠﺰوم ,وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
ْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ْ ُْ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗـَ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَ َ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
َﻣ ْﻬ َﻤﺎ ﺗَـ ْﻘَﺮأْ ﻳَِﺰْد َك ِﻋ ْﻠ ًﻤﺎ Apapun yang kamu baca, akan menambahkanmu pengetahuan
ِ ِِ ﲔ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرﻋ ِ ِ ﻣﻬﻤﺎ :اِﺳﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍط ﺟﺎ ِزم ،ﻳ ِ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِﻪ ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ
ﱠم ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓﻌﻠَ ْ ِ ُ َ َ ْ ْ ُ َْ َ ٌ َ ْ َْ َ
ِ ِ ِ
ـﺠُﺰْوٌم ب} َﻣ ْﻬﻤﺎ{ و َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟ ْﺰﻣﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ َ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ ﻓ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َﻣ ْ ﺗَـ ْﻘَﺮأْ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺖ ِ ِ ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَﻧْ َ َو اﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ
ﻳ ِﺰْد :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﺟﻮاب اﻟﺸﱠﺮ ِط وﺟﺰ ُاؤﻩ ﻣـﺠﺰوم ,وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ْ َ
ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮِ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ أَﱠوٌل
ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ َك
ﺎﻫﺮةُ ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ ِ ِﻋ ْﻠﻤﺎ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ َ ٍن ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ ﻟﻈﱠ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ ً
أَﻧﱠـﻰ ﺗَ ْﺴ ُﻜ ْﻦ ﺗُﻜَ
ْﺮْم Dimanapun engkau tinggal engkau akan dimuliakan
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮٌل ﻓِْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ﲔ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرﻋ ِ ِ ﺎن( ،ﻳ ِ أَﻧﱠـﻰ :اِﺳﻢ َﺷﺮ ٍط ﺟﺎ ِزم )ﻇَﺮ ُ ٍ
ﺼٍ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓﻌﻠَ ْ ِ ُ َ َ ْ ف َﻣ َﻜ َ ْ ُْ ْ َ ٌ ْ
ب}أَﻧﱠـﻰ{ وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ـﺠُﺰْوٌم ِ ﺗَﺴ ُﻜﻦ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِر ِ
ْ َ َ َ َ َْ ع ﻓ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َﻣ ْ ٌْ ُ َ ٌ ْ ْ
ﺖ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَﻧْ ََو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺗُﻜْﺮم :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﺟﻮاب اﻟﺸﱠﺮ ِط وﺟﺰ ُاؤﻩ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻟِْﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮِل ﻣـﺠﺰوم ,وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َْ ﱞ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ْ َْ
ﺖ ِ ِ ﺎﻋ ِﻞ ِ و َ ﺋِﺐ اﻟْ َﻔ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮَ ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَﻧْ ََ َ ُ
ﻜ ْﻢ Dimanapun kalian tinggal saya akan tinggal bersama kalian
َﺳ ُﻜ ْﻦ َﻣ َﻌ ُ
َﺣْﻴـﺜُ َﻤﺎ ﺗَ ْﺴ ُﻜﻨُـ ْﻮا أ ْ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔﻌُ ْﻮٌل ﻓِْﻴ ِﻪ ِِ ﲔ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرﻋ ِ ِ ﺎن( ،ﻳ ِ :اِﺳﻢ َﺷﺮ ٍط ﺟﺎ ِزم)ﻇَﺮ ُ ٍ
ﺼٍـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ ﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓﻌﻠَ ْ ِ ُ َ َ ْ ف َﻣ َﻜ َ ْ ُْ ْ َ ٌ ْ َﺣْﻴـﺜُ َﻤﺎ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻧِﻴَﺎﺑَﺔً َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮ ِن ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪُ ِﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷَﻓْـ َﻌ ِﺎل
ف اﻟﻨـﱡﻮ ِن ِﻣﻦ ِ ِِ ع ﻓِ ْﻌﻞ اﻟﺸﱠﺮ ِط ﻣ ْ ِ ِ
ـﺠُﺰْوٌم ب} َﺣْﻴـﺜُ َﻤﺎ{ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟ ْﺰﻣﻪ َﺣ ْﺬ ُ ْ ْ ﻀﺎ ِر ٌ ُ ْ َ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ ﺗَ ْﺴ ُﻜﻨُـ ْﻮا
ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﻓَ ِ
ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ِ اﻟْـﺨﻤﺴ ِﺔ و واو اﻟْـﺠﻤﺎﻋ ِﺔ ِ
َََّ ْ ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َْ َ َ َُ ََ َ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﺟﻮاب اﻟﺸﱠﺮطِ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرع ﻣـﺠﺰوم ,وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ َﺳ ُﻜ ْﻦ
ُ ََ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ ٌ ُ َ ٌ َ ْ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ َ ْ أْ
ِ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَ َ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
- 118 -
ِ ِ ﺎن( ﻣْﻨﺼﻮب وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﻧَ ِ :ﻣ ْﻔﻌﻮٌل ﻓِﻴ ِﻪ )ﻇَﺮ ُ ٍ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﺼﺒِﻪ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ َﺤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َف َﻣ َﻜ َ ُ ْ ٌ َ َ َ ْ َ ُْ ْ ْ َﻣ َﻊ
ﺎف إِﻟَﻴﻪِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ْ ـﺤ ّﻞ َﺟّﺮ ُﻣ َ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
َ ُﻛ ْﻢ
َﻛْﻴـ َﻔ َﻤﺎ ﺗَـ ْﻌ َﻤ ْﻞ أََرَك Bagaimanapun engkau bekerja saya akan melihatmu
ِِ ﲔ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرﻋ ِ ِ َﻛﻴـ َﻔﻤﺎ :اِﺳﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍط ﺟﺎ ِزم ,ﻳ ِ
ﱠم
ﺎل ُﻣ َﻘﺪ ٌ ﺐ َﺣ ٌ ﺼٍ ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ ﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓﻌﻠَ ْ ِ ُ َ َ ْ ْ ُ َْ َ ٌ َ ْ ْ َ
ب} َﻛﻴـ َﻔﻤﺎ{ وﻋ َﻼﻣﺔُ ﺟﺰِﻣ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ُن ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َْ ﻀﺎ ِرعٌ ﻓ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َﻣ ْ
ـﺠُﺰْوٌم ﺗَـ ْﻌ َﻤ ْﻞ :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺖ ِ ِ ﺎﻋﻞ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَﻧْ َ َو اﻟْ َﻔ ُ َ
آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ ﻧِﻴﺎﺑﺔً ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜﻮ ِن ِﻷَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﻌﺘ ﱡﻞ ِ
اﻵﺧ ِﺮ ف اﻟْﻌِﻠﱠ ِﺔ ِﻣﻦ ِ ف ﺣﺮ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
ْ ُ ُ َْ ََ َ ْ ـﺠُﺰْوٌمَ ,و َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َﺟ ْﺰﻣﻪ َﺣ ْﺬ ُ َ ْ اب اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َو َﺟَﺰ ُاؤﻩُ َﻣ ْ ع َﺟ َﻮ ُﻀﺎ ِر ٌأ ََر :ﻓ ْﻌ ٌﻞ ُﻣ َ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَﺘِ ٌـﺮ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮً ﺗَـ ْﻘ ِﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ أَ َ ِ
َو اﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺐ َﻣ ْﻔ َﻌ ْﻮٌل ﺑِِﻪ
ﺼٍ ِ ِ ِ َك ِ :
ـﺤ ِّﻞ ﻧَ ْ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِﱠ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َﺣ ُﺪ اﻟْﻔ ْﻌﻠَ ْﲔ َﻣﺎﺿﻴًﺎ َو ْاﻵ َﺧُﺮ ُﻣ َ
ﻀﺎر ًﻋﺎ أ َْو ﻗَ ْﺪ ﻳَ ُﻜ ْﻮ ُن ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓ ْﻌﻠَ ْﲔ ,ﺑَ ْﻞ ﻗَ ْﺪ ﻳَ ُﻜ ْﻮ ُن أ َ
ﻀﺎر َﻋﺎن ﺑـَ ْﻌ َﺪ أ ََد َوات اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗَ ْ ﻻَ ﻳُ ْﺸﺘَـَﺮ ُط أَ ْن ﻳـَ َﻘ َﻊ ﻓ ْﻌ َﻼن ُﻣ َ
ﲔ َﻛ َﻤﺎ ﻓِـﻲ ْاﻷ َْﻣﺜِﻠَ ِﺔ ْاﻵﺗِﻴَ ِﺔ : ﻛِﻼَﻫـﻤﺎ ﻣ ِ
ﺎﺿﻴَـ ْ ِ َُ َ
Tidak disyaratkan harus dua Fi’il Mudhori’ yang terletak setelah alat-alat syarat yang menjazmkan dua
fi’il ini. Bahkan kadang-kadang salah satunya fi’il madhi dan yang lainnya fi’il mudhori’ atau
keduanya berbentuk fi’il madhi sebagaimana contoh berikut ini :
َﻣ ْﻦ َﺟ ﱠﺪ َو َ
ﺟ َﺪ Barang Siapa bersungguh-sungguh, maka dia akan (mendapatkan) kesuksesan
ِِ ﲔ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرﻋ ِ ِ :اِﺳﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍط ﺟﺎ ِزم ،ﻳ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ
ﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓﻌﻠَ ْ ِ ُ َ َ ْ ْ ُ َْ َ ٌ َ ْ َﻣ ْﻦ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟ ْﺰٍم ﻓِ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮ ِط ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ﺟ ﱠﺪ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ٌْ َ َ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺘ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ
َواﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
وﺟـﻤﻠَﺔ ﺷﺮ ٍط ِﻣﻦ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌ ِﻞ واﻟْﻔﺎﻋِ ِﻞ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﺧﺒـﺮ اﻟْﻤﺒـﺘﺪأِ
َ َ ّ َ ََُ َُْ َ َ ُ ْ ُ َْ َ ْ َ َ
ِ ٍ وﺟ َﺪ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
اب اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َو َﺟَﺰ ُاؤﻩُ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟ ْﺰم َﺟ َﻮ ُ ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﰲ َﻣ َ ٌَْ ََ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺘ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ
َواﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺻﺒَـَﺮ ﻇََﻔَﺮ Barang Siapa yang bersabar, beruntunglah dia
َﻣ ْﻦ َ
ِِ ﲔ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرﻋ ِ ِ :اِﺳﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍط ﺟﺎ ِزم ،ﻳ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ
ﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓﻌﻠَ ْ ِ ُ َ َ ْ ْ ُ َْ َ ٌ َ ْ َﻣ ْﻦ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟ ْﺰٍم ﻓِ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮ ِط ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ
ﺻﺒـﺮ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ٌَْ ََ َ
ِ ِ ِ
ﺿﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺘ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ
َواﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
وﺟـﻤﻠَﺔ ﺷﺮ ٍط ِﻣﻦ اﻟْ ِﻔﻌ ِﻞ واﻟْﻔﺎﻋِ ِﻞ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ ﺧﺒـﺮ اﻟْﻤﺒـﺘﺪأِ
َ َ ّ َ ََُ َُْ َ َ ُ ْ ُ َْ َ ْ َ َ
ِ ٍ ﻇََﻔﺮ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
اب اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮط َو َﺟَﺰ ُاؤﻩُ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟ ْﺰم َﺟ َﻮ ُ ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﰲ َﻣ َ ٌَْ
ِ ِ
ﺿ ِﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴﺘَـﺘ ٌـﺮ َﺟ َﻮ ًازا ﺗَـ ْﻘﺪﻳْـُﺮﻩُ ُﻫ َﻮ ِ
َواﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋ ُﻞ َ
ﺻ ِﺪﻳْـ ُﻘﻪُ Barang Siapa yang sedikit kejujurannya, sedikit pulalah temannya ِ
َﻣ ْﻦ ﻗَ ﱠﻞ ﺻ ْﺪﻗُﻪُ ﻗَ ﱠﻞ َ
ِِ ﲔ ﻣﻀﺎ ِرﻋ ِ ِ ﻣﻦ :اِﺳﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍط ﺟﺎ ِزم ،ﻳ ِ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َرﻓْ ٍﻊ ُﻣْﺒـﺘَ َﺪأٌ
ﲔ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻜ ْﻮن ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َ ـﺠ ِﺰُم ﻓﻌﻠَ ْ ِ ُ َ َ ْ ْ ُ َْ َ ٌ َ ْ َْ
ٍ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟ ْﺰم ﻓِ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮ ِط ﻗَ ﱠﻞ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﰲ َﻣ َ ٌَْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌ ِِ
ﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧﺮﻩ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ ﱠ ع َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌﻪ اﻟ ﱠ ِﺻ ْﺪ ُق :ﻓَﺎﻋ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮ ٌ
ﺎف إِﻟَْﻴ ِﻪ ﱠﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨِـﻲ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ِ ِ ِ ِ :
ﻀ ٌ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟٍّﺮ ُﻣ َﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َّ ﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘ ٌ َ ْ ﱞ َ َ ُه
وﺟـﻤﻠَﺔُ َﺷﺮ ٍط ِﻣﻦ اﻟْ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ واﻟْ َﻔﺎﻋِ ِﻞ ﻓِـﻲ ﻣـﺤ ِﻞ رﻓْ ٍﻊ َﺧﺒـﺮ اﻟْﻤْﺒـﺘَ َﺪإِ
َ َ ّ َ َُ ُ َ َُْ ْ َ
ِ ٍ
ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟ ْﺰم ﻓ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﺸ ْﱠﺮ ِط ﻗَ ﱠﻞ :ﻓِﻌﻞ ﻣ ٍ ِ
ﺎض َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْ َﻔْﺘ ِﺢ ﰲ َﻣ َ ٌَْ
ِ ِ ﺻ ِﺪﻳْ ُﻖ :ﻓَﺎﻋِ ٌﻞ َﻣ ْﺮﻓُـ ْﻮعٌ َو َﻋ َﻼ َﻣﺔُ َرﻓْﻌِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ
ﺎف
ﻀ ٌﻀ ﱠﻤﺔُ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻫَﺮةُ َﻋﻠَﻰ آﺧ ِﺮﻩِ َوُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َ َ
ﺎف إِﻟَﻴﻪِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ﻀ ٌ ْ ـﺤ ِّﻞ َﺟّﺮ ُﻣ َ ﱠﻢ ﻓـﻲ َﻣ َﺿـﻤْﻴـٌﺮ ُﻣﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ َﻣْﺒﻨ ﱞـﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻀ ّ َ : ُه
اﻹ ْﺳﻼَِﻣﻴﱠﺔُ
ﺚ ,اﻟﺸﻴﺦ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر ﺑﺮوﻓﻴﺴﻮر ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ أﲪﺪ راﺷﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻠﻲ ,اَﻟْـ َﺠ ِﺎﻣ َﻌﺔُ ِْ ِ -دروس اﻟﻠﱡﻐَ ِﺔ اﻟْﻌﺮﺑِﻴﱠ ِﺔ ﻟِﻐَ ِﲑ اﻟﻨ ِ
ﱠﺎﻃ ِﻘ ْ َ ِ
ـﺠْﺰءُ اﻟﺜﱠﺎﻟ ُ
ﲔ ﺑ َـﻬﺎ اﻟْ ُ ََ ْ ُ ُْ ُ
ِ ﻟْ َﻤ ِﺪﻳْـﻨَ ِﺔ اﻟْ ُـﻤﻨَـ ﱠﻮَرةِ ,اَﻟْ َﻤ ْﻤﻠَ َﻜﺔُ اﻟْ َﻌَﺮﺑِﻴﱠﺔُ اﻟ ﱡﺴ ُﻌ ْﻮِدﻳﱠﺔُ ۱٤۲۲ﻫـ
ـﺠْﺰءُ ْاﻷَﱠوُل َو اﻟﺜﱠﺎﻧِـﻲ ,إﻣﺎم زرﻛﺸﻲ و إﻣﺎم ﺷﺒﺎﻧـﻲ ,ﺗﺮي ﻣﻮرﺗـﻲ ﻏﻨﻄﻮر ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ـﺠ َﻤ ِﻞ ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻠﱡﻐَﺔ اﻟْ َﻌَﺮﺑِﻴﱠﺔ َو إ ْﻋَﺮاﺑـُ َﻬﺎ ,اَﻟْ ُ -أ َْﻣﺜﻠَﺔُ اﻟْ ُ