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Plastic Limit: 30.

67%

 Differential Free Swelling

The Differential free swelling value of the soil is determined as

DFS = (Vw - Vk)/Vk

Where,for different pits-

PIT NO -7-AT 2M DEPTH

Vw:12ml

Vk : 7.5ml

Hence , DFS =0.6

PITNO-7-AT 3M DEPTH

Vw:12ml

Vk : 8.5ml

Hence , DFS =0.41

PITNO-7-AT 4M DEPTH

Vw:9.5ml

Vk : 8.5ml

Hence , DFS =0.1

 Shear strength parameters of the soil

The value of Shear strength parameters of the soil(c-ø value) of the soil is determined by
carrying out the box shear test on the soil sample. The values as calculated from the
observations are:

PIT N0.7 at 4 m depth

S.NO. WEIGHT NORMAL DIVISIONS WEIGHT SHEAR NORMAL


OF WEIGHT OF DRY STRESS STRESS
MOULD SOIL
AND WET
SOIL
1 270.44 5 114.32 51 0.69 0.446
2 268.31 10 113.25 79 1.385 0.691
3 272.18 15 115.34 110 2.08 0.962

2.2
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
Shear Sress --->

1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2
Normal Stress(σ) --->

Ø= 20˚ c’= 20 KN/m2

 Bearing Capacity Calculation:

Calculation of Safe Bearing capacity is done by Terzaghi’s Equation for square foundation using
the formula:

Nc =17.7

Nq =7.4

Ny =5

Since in PIT No.9, kopra soil starts at the depth of 4m. Hence we adopt a foundation at a depth
of 4 m(Df=4m). And taking a square footing of width 1m

QU=1.2c’Nc +Df ɣNq +0.4BɣNy

= 1056.8KN/m2

Settlement Calculation:
𝐻 𝞼+∆𝞼
S=( 𝐶 ) ln⁡ 𝞼

S = 13.86 mm

PIT NO. 8:
 Profile of the pit:

The pit comprises of five soils; black cotton soil, yellow soil, yellow kopra, yellow lime and kopra.
The profile of the soil varying at different depths is depicted in the following figure:

 Properties of soil in the pit:

Following are the properties of the soil that were determined by the soil investigation tests
carried out in the Soil and Geotechnical Engineering laboratory.

1. Particle size.
2. Liquid limit and plastic limit of the soil at different depths.
3. Differential Free Swelling.
4. Shear strength parameters of the soil(c-ø value).

Results from the Soil Investigation test:

 Particle Size Analysis:

The sample was first passed over 75µ sieve and the weight of sample retained in it was noted
as:

PIT 8 – at depth 2m:

Wt taken=200gm

Wt retained=28.52gm

Hence percentage of clay-silt in the sample at 3m depth is the percentage weight of sample
retained, ie

28.52/200

14.26% fine soil

85.74% coarse soil

PIT 8 – at depth 3m:


Wt taken=200gm

Wt retained=139.69gm

Since the weight of the soil retained in the sample is comparable, further sieve analysis was
done for the soil finer than 75µ.

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