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For gas; water drive will lower than gas expansion drive
Solution gas Drive
The principle of solution gas drive is the expansion of
dissolved gas and liquid oil in response to a pressure
drop.
A. Original Conditions
C
LIQUID
P
X
Initial reservoir
pressure
Bubblepoint
pressure
0 5 10 15
Oil recovery, % of OOIP
OIL
PRODUCTON
Rsi watercut
Pb tim
e
Rapid and continuous pressure drop, rate of decline falls at bubble point pressure.
R (producing gas oil ratio) low until p = pb, then increases to maximum and declines.
Absent or minimal water influx (watercut).
Gravity drainage is a special case in steeply dipping reservoirs where gas drives out
more oil.
Well production declines rapidly; early pumping often required.
Gas Cap Drive Mechanism
The principle of gas cap drive is the
expansion of free gas in response to
a pressure drop.
Oil producing well
Cross-section view
Plane view
The Upper Devonian Leduc pools are driven by inflow from the Cooking Lake
Aquifer.
Different Water Drive Mechansims
Both bottom water drive, where the water leg underlies the entire
reservoir, and edge water drive, where only part of the areal extent is
contacted by water, are recognized.
Nomenclature
ER = Oil recovery efficiency (recovery factor), [% (for API
study); fraction (for G-G study)]
= Reservoir porosity, fraction
Swi = Interstitial water saturation, fraction
Bob = Formation volume factor of oil at bubblepoint, RB/STB
k = Reservoir permeability, [darcy (for API study);
md (For G-G study)]
ob = Oil viscosity at bubblepoint pressure, cp
pb = Bubblepoint pressure of oil, psig
pa = Abandonment reservoir pressure, psig
Suitable Characteristics for
Oil Recovery
Solution-gas drive oil reservoirs Water drive oil reservoirs
– Large aquifer
Low oil density
– Low oil viscosity
Low oil viscosity
– High relative oil permeability
High oil bubblepoint pressure
– Little reservoir heterogeneity
and stratification